Unit 2 Getting along 知识清单(单词、短语、句子、语法、写作)2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元核心知识精讲精练(新教材外研版)

2026-08-27
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摘要:

该初中英语Unit 2 "Getting along"知识清单系统整合了单词、短语、句子、语法及写作核心内容,按词性(动词、名词等)、功能(重点短语、核心句型)分类梳理,搭建从基础积累到语法应用再到写作输出的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“考点标注+对比辨析+实例应用”构建知识体系,如语法部分细分for/since用法及非延续性动词转换并配表格,写作提供谋篇布局和必备词句。突出实用性设计,如核心知识点解析结合教材例句,培养学生语言能力和学习能力,助力学生自主复习,教师可精准开展教学。

内容正文:

Unit 2 Getting along 知识清单(单词、短语、句子、语法、写作) 一.重点单词背默 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 动词 1.大声说,喊叫,呼喊 2.建造,盖;造 3.敲门(窗) 4.返回,回来,回去 5.提供,给予 6.计划 7.使有可能;允许,容许,准许 8.尊重,顾及 9.争论,争吵 10.(把……)分开 11.实现,达成 12.过去,流逝 名词 13.大门 14.洞,孔 15.(电影、书籍、讲话等的)要旨,主题思想,寓意 16.理解 17.年级 18.(报刊的)文章 19.票,入场券 20.建议,提议 21.回答,答复;回函;回应 22.……巷(常用于路名中) 23.(计量用的)单位 24.(意见的)一致,相合 25.家人;亲戚 26.政府 27.诗;韵文 28.邻居,邻人 29.行为,行动,动作,举动 30.仁慈;和蔼;好意;体贴 形容词 31.自私的,自私自利的(含贬义) 32.高兴的,开心的 33.害怕的,恐惧的 34.双倍的,两倍的 35.充满活力的,生气勃勃的 36.极其贵重的;无价的 37.焦虑的,紧张的,无法放松的 38.真正的 39.狭窄的 40.(因自己所做的事而)羞耻的,内疚的,惭愧的 副词 41.很;较为 42.最近,近来,不久前 43.从网上,在网上 44.可能,大概,也许 45.在(容器或其他封闭的空间)里面 46.非常,很深地 代词 47.他们的,她们的 连词 48.也不 49.每当 介词 50.自从……以来,自从……之后 二.重点短语背默 1.与……相处(融洽) 2.离开;逃离;躲开 3.从那时起 4.一会儿,有一段时间 5.最终,终于 6.跳下床 7.四处飞翔 8.拆毁,摧毁 9.别怕 10.导致 11.赠送某物 12.建立社交媒体页面 13.发现,查明,弄清(事实或信息) 14.如果……怎么办 15.忙于某事 16.达成一致 17.分界线,界限 18.就……争论 19.放弃 20.寻求建议 21.决定做某事 22.作为报酬;作为回报 23.把……放在心里,把……记在心上 24.后退;退一步考虑 三.重点句子背默 1.没有人是一座孤岛。 . 2.草地上到处都是漂亮的花朵,像星星一样散落其中。 Here and there, over the grass, . 3.我希望天气能尽快变好。I soon. 4.但是春天没有来,夏天也没有来。But . 5.而且树木们开心得浑身都开满了花。 And the trees are they have covered themselves with flowers. 6.我(一直以来都)太自私了! I've been! 7.分享的快乐是双倍的快乐。 is a double joy. 8.人们往往难以与他人谈论自己的恐惧。 their fears with others. 9.它的故事追溯到清朝时期。Its story in the Qing Dynasty. 10.当他的回信到达时,他们打开一看,发现里面是一首诗。 When his came, they opened it to find a poem . 11.于是,两家之间便形成了一条六尺宽的小巷。 the six-chi-wide lane the two houses. 12.每当他们走在这条小巷里,他们都会想起善意是如何促进更多的善意的。 they walk down the lane, they . 四.核心知识点解析 考点1:Remember this and you will go a long way in getting along with people.记住这一点,你就能在与人相处方面走得很远。(教材P19) get along with sb.与某人和睦相处 相当于get on with sb.。 It’s important to learn how to your classmates at school.在学校学习如何与同班同学和睦相处是很重要的。 拓展 get along/on with sth.(谈及或问及某人)进展,进步 I very fast with this job.我这个工作进展不太快。 考点2: “What are you doing here?” he shouts in a very angry voice.“你们在这儿干什么?”他非常生气地喊道。(教材P21) shout /ʃaʊt/ v.大声说,喊叫,呼喊 shout for help 呼救 shout at…冲……大声叫嚷(有愤怒的语气) shout to…对……大声喊叫(因距离远而呼喊) I help but nobody came.我大声呼救,但没人来。 He ran into his brother’s room and started him in anger.他跑进他弟弟的房间,开始愤怒地对他大喊大叫。 Mary us to come in and help her.玛丽大声喊我们进来帮助她。 考点3:Since then, he hasn’t seen a child there.从那以后,他再也没有在那里见过一个孩子。(教材P21) since /sɪns/ prep.自从……以来;自从……之后 后接表示时间点的词或短语,常与现在完成时连用。since then从那以后 thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. 几千年来,中国人就梦想着去月球。 , no one has seen the bear.从那以后,没有人看见过这只熊。 拓展 (1)[连词]从……以后;自……以来 引导时间状语从句,从句常用一般过去时,对应的主句多用现在完成时。 Since I was five years old, I embroidery from my mother and sister. 从五岁开始,我就跟妈妈和姐姐学刺绣。 (2)[连词]因为;既然 引导原因状语从句,常位于句首。 we knew little about each other, we shared our stories. 因为我们对彼此知之甚少,所以我们分享了自己的故事。 考点4:Whenever they walk down the lane, they remember how kindness encourages more kindness.每当他们走在小巷里,他们都会记得善良是如何鼓励更多的善良的。(教材P29) whenever /wenˈevə/ conj.每当 [连词]引导时间状语从句,相当于every time。 I see the photo, it reminds me of the happy days we spent together.每当我看到这张照片,它就使我想起我们一起度过的快乐时光。 拓展 (1)[连词]无论何时 引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter when。 Help and you can.无论何时何地,尽你所能提供帮助。 (2)类似的词还有: however(=no matter how)无论何时 whoever(=no matter who)无论谁 whatever(=no matter what)无论什么 wherever(=no matter where)无论在哪里 whichever(=no matter which)无论哪个 考点5:One morning, the Giant suddenly hears birds singing.一天早晨,巨人突然听到鸟儿在唱歌。(教材P21) hear sb./sth. doing sth.听到某人/某物正在做某事 辨析hear sb./sth. doing sth.与hear sb./sth. do sth. hear sb./sth.doing sth. “听到某人/某物正在做某事”,强调听到的动作正在进行。 hear sb./sth. do sth. “听到某人/某物做了某事或经常做某事”,强调听到某个动作发生的整个过程或某个动作经常发生。 I hear him in the room.我听见他正在房间里唱歌。 I often hear him .我经常听到他唱歌。 I noticed them in.我注意到他们进来了。 I saw him on the e-reader.我看见他正在电子书阅读器上读书。 考点6:And the trees are so glad that they have covered themselves with flowers.树木们开心得浑身都开满了花。(教材P21) so...that...如此……以至于…… so后接形容词或副词,that后的句子表示结果。 Kelly was she could hardly answer.凯莉惊讶得几乎说不出话来。 拓展 (1) such...that...如此……以至于…… such后接名词(短语),that后的句子表示结果。 Mr Wang is all the students like him.王老师是一位如此好的老师,以至于所有的学生都喜欢他。 (2)so that有两个含义:一是“以便,为了”,其后的句 子表示目的;二是“所以”,其后的句子表示结果。 He also told Tom not to eat too many sweet things his teeth would be healthy.他还告诉汤姆不要吃太多甜食,这样他的牙齿才会健康。(表示目的) I hurried I got there on time.我行动迅速,因此我按时到达了那里。(表示结果) 考点8:The children return, and the garden is lively again. 孩子们回来了,花园又活跃起来了。(教材P22) return /rɪˈtɜ:n/ v. 返回,回来,回去 相当于go/come back,“return to+地点名词/return+地点副词”意为“返回某地”。 The Mengzhou spacecraft Earth with the moon samples.“梦舟”载人飞船携带月球样本返回地球。 Hou Yi with the magic medicine and he wanted to share it with Chang’e. 后羿带着神药回到了家,他想和嫦娥分享它。 拓展 还可意为“归还”。 return sth. to sb.相当于give sth. back to sb.,意为“把某物还给某人”。 I’m going to return this book to Tom.=I’m going to this book Tom.我要把这本书还给汤姆。 lively /ˈlaɪvli/ adj.充满活力的,生气勃勃的 [形容词]可作定语或表语。 This is a really party.这真是个热闹的聚会。(作定语) Mary is active and and she is popular with everyone.玛丽积极又活泼,很受大家的欢迎。(作表语) 【特别提醒】 lively虽然以-ly结尾,但它不是副词,类似的还有lovely(可爱的)、lonely(孤独的)、friendly(友好的)等。 考点9:This year, Uncle Jimmy plans to give away 800 ice creams. 今年,吉米叔叔计划赠送800个冰激凌。(教材P23) give away赠送;捐赠 为“动词+副词”型短语。 give away+名词=give+名词+away give+人称代词(只能放中间)+away I decide to the toys(=give the toys away to a children’s hospital.我决定把这些玩具捐赠给一所儿童医院。 I don’t need these books. I plan to to the library.我不需要这些书。我打算把它们捐给图书馆。 与give相关的其他短语: 考点10:Examples include a fear of heights and a fear of attending social events.例子包括恐高和害怕参加社交活动。 (教材P25) attend /əˈtend/ v.参加,出席,到场 辨析attend, take part in, join与join in attend “出席;参加”,为正式用语,指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼等。 take part in 指参加某个会议或某项群众性的活动等,重在说明参加该项活动并在其中发挥一定的作用。 join 指加入某党派、团体、组织、俱乐部等并成为其中的一员。表示短暂性的动作,不与表示一 段时间的状语连用。 join in 一般指参加竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动,其后一般接名词或动词-ing形式。 Jenny was so busy that she didn’t the meeting yesterday.珍妮昨天太忙了,所以没去参加会议。 How many countries will the World Cup?有多少个国家要参加世界杯? I the club when I was 10.我10岁时加入了这个俱乐部。 Can I the game?我可以参加这个游戏吗? 考点11:Ms Thomson’s suggestions汤姆森女士的建议(教材P27) suggestion /səˈdʒestʃən/ n.建议,提议 辨析suggestion与advice As long as you follow these , you will be sure to improve your spoken English.只要你遵循这些建议,你一定会提高你的英语口语。 My teacher gave me two pieces of on English learning.我的老师给了我两条学英语的建议。 考点12:What if they never...again?要是他们再也不……怎么办呢?(教材P27) What if...?要是……会怎么样呢? 用于提出假设性问题或表达担忧、建议等。 the train is late?火车要是晚点会怎么样呢? we moved the sofa over here? Would that look better?我们把沙发挪到这边怎么样?那样看起来会好些吗? 考点13:Two local families, the Zhangs and the Wus, argued over the dividing line between their houses.当地的两户人家,张家和吴家,因为房子的分界线发生了争吵。(教材P28) argue /ˈɑ:ɡju:/ v.争论,争吵 [不及物动词]用法如下: argue with sb.与某人争论/争吵 argue about/over sth.因某事而争论/争吵 Don’t the driver when taking a bus.乘坐公共汽车时不要和司机争吵。 They were the matter again.他们又在为这件事争吵。 We never had an angry with each other.我们之间从未有过激烈的争吵。 divide /dəˈvaɪd/ v.(把……)分开 [及物动词]&[不及物动词] divide...into...把……分成…… be divided into...被分成…… The traditional Chinese calendar the year 24 solar terms.中国传统历法将一年分为24个节气。 The book six sections.本书分为六部分。 Here, the river three channels.从这里开始,这条河分为三条河道。 考点14:They couldn’t reach an agreement.他们无法达成一致意见。(教材P28) agreement /əˈɡri:mənt/ n.协议;(意见的)一致,相合 (1)[不可数名词](意见的)一致,相合 be in agreement(意见或看法)一致 Mr Zhang nodded in .张老师点了点头表示同意。 Are we in about the price?对这个价格我们是否意见一致? (2)[可数名词]协议,协定 reach/come to an agreement达成协议 After a two-hour discussion, they finally came to an .经过两个小时的讨论,他们终于达成了协议。 相关词形变化: 考点15:Hundreds of years have passed since then, and the lane is still there.从那时起,几百年过去了,这条小巷依然存在。(教材P29) pass /pɑ:s/ v.过去,流逝 [不及物动词] Twenty years’ time and my father is 55 years old now.二十年过去了,我父亲现在55岁了。 拓展 pass的其他用法: 考点16:The people of Tongcheng still keep the poem in mind.桐城人民的心中仍牢记着这首诗。(教材P29) keep...in mind把……放在心里,把……记在心上 相当于bear...in mind。 keep in mind that...记住…… It’s a good idea — I’ll .这是个好主意——我会放在心上的。 We’re supposed to that it is important to tell the truth.我们应该记住说真话是很重要的。 拓展 与mind相关的其他短语: on one’s mind挂在心上;惦念 change one’s mind改变主意 make up one’s mind下定决心 bring/call...to mind想起…… 五.语法串讲 现在完成时(2) 现在完成时可以表达某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在。 知识点1 for和since在现在完成时中的应用 (1)在表示行为或状态从过去一直持续到现在时,通常要与表示一段时间的时间状语连用,这类状语通常由for或since引导。for后接一段时间,如for five years;而since后多接时间点,如since January 2020。 They the cat since they got married. 他们自结婚以来就一直养着这只猫。 They for twenty years. 他们已经结婚二十年了。 “since+时间点”和“for+时间段”常作现在完成时的标志。两者之间常可以进行同义转换。 Chen Xiao has dreamed of being a biologist since eight years ago.=Chen Xiao being a biologist for eight years.陈笑八年前就梦想成为一名生物学家。 (2)对现在完成时的时间状语进行提问时,常用how long。 How long have you been like this? 你这个样子有多久了? How long have you played tennis? 你打网球打了多长时间了? 知识点2非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换 (1)在现在完成时的句子中,表示持续的动作或状态时,常用延续性动词与表示时间段的时间状语连用。 It has rained for three hours.雨已经下了三个小时了。 (2)与表示一段时间的时间状语连用时,应将非延续性动词转换为延续性动词或表示状态的短语等。 I borrowed this magazine three months ago. 我三个月前借了这本杂志。 →I have kept this magazine for three months.这本杂志我已经借来三个月了。 (3)常见的非延续性动词转换为延续性动词的情况: ① 用与其意义相对应的“be+形容词/副词/介词/名词等”结构。 非延续性动词 结构 leave be away begin/start be on join be in/a member (of) die be dead open be open I joined the club two years ago. 我两年前加入的这个俱乐部。 →I the club for two years. 我加入这个俱乐部两年了。 ②用与其意义相对应的延续性动词。 非延续性动词 延续性动词 buy have borrow keep put on wear I bought this pop-up book about the Palace Museum one week ago. 我一周前买了这本关于故宫博物院的立体书。 →I this pop-up book about the Palace Museum for one week. 我买来这本关于故宫博物院的立体书已经一周了。 六.写作串讲 本单元的话题是“与人相处”,要求学生能根据提示内容写一篇和与人相处有关的文章。该话题可以以记叙文或应用文的形式出现,时态多为一般现在时。 在写此类文章时,通常涉及的细分话题有:①和朋友的相处之道;②和父母如何相处;③描述你在与人相处时遇到的烦恼。 必备词句: 1.be kind to sb.对某人友善; 2.make friends with sb.和某人交朋友; 3.give a hand伸出援手; 4.in trouble处于困境中; 5.remember to do sth.记得做某事; 6.be sure to do sth.一定做某事; 7.last but not least最后但同样重要的是; 8.I am sorry to hear that you have problems at the new school. 我很遗憾得知你在新学校有了烦恼。 9.I hope that my advice will help you and that you can make new friends soon. 我希望我的建议会帮到你,你能很快交到新朋友。 写作实例   友情是一种财富,有了朋友的陪伴、理解和帮助,我们的生活会变得更加美好。假如你是李华,你的美国朋友Betty转到了新学校,她为此很苦恼,担心自己没有朋友,也不知道如何跟同学相处。请你给她发一封电子邮件,给她提出一些建议。   写作要点:1.对Betty的烦恼表示理解;2.针对Betty的烦恼给出建议;3.表达期望。   写作要求:1.必须包括写作要点中的所有信息;2.词数80左右。 谋篇布局 例文 Dear Betty, I am sorry to hear that you have problems at the new school. I hope that my advice will help you and that you can make new friends soon. Yours, Hua $ Unit 2 Getting along 知识清单(单词、短语、句子、语法、写作) 一.重点单词背默 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 动词 1.大声说,喊叫,呼喊shout 2.建造,盖;造build 3.敲门(窗)knock 4.返回,回来,回去return 5.提供,给予 offer 6.计划plan 7.使有可能;允许,容许,准许allow 8.尊重,顾及respect 9.争论,争吵argue 10.(把……)分开divide 11.实现,达成reach 12.过去,流逝pass 名词 13.大门gate 14.洞,孔hole 15.(电影、书籍、讲话等的)要旨,主题思想,寓意message 16.理解understanding 17.年级grade 18.(报刊的)文章article 19.票,入场券ticket 20.建议,提议suggestion 21.回答,答复;回函;回应reply 22.……巷(常用于路名中)lane 23.(计量用的)单位unit 24.(意见的)一致,相合agreement 25.家人;亲戚relative 26.政府government 27.诗;韵文poem 28.邻居,邻人neighbour 29.行为,行动,动作,举动act 30.仁慈;和蔼;好意;体贴kindness 形容词 31.自私的,自私自利的(含贬义)selfish 32.高兴的,开心的glad 33.害怕的,恐惧的afraid 34.双倍的,两倍的double 35.充满活力的,生气勃勃的lively 36.极其贵重的;无价的priceless 37.焦虑的,紧张的,无法放松的stressed 38.真正的true 39.狭窄的narrow 40.(因自己所做的事而)羞耻的,内疚的,惭愧的ashamed 副词 41.很;较为quite 42.最近,近来,不久前recently 43.从网上,在网上online 44.可能,大概,也许perhaps 45.在(容器或其他封闭的空间)里面inside 46.非常,很深地deeply 代词 47.他们的,她们的theirs 连词 48.也不nor 49.每当whenever 介词 50.自从……以来,自从……之后since 二.重点短语背默 1.与……相处(融洽)get along with 2.离开;逃离;躲开run away 3.从那时起since then 4.一会儿,有一段时间for a while 5.最终,终于at last 6.跳下床jump out of bed 7.四处飞翔fly about 8.拆毁,摧毁knock down 9.别怕fear not 10.导致lead to 11.赠送某物give away sth 12.建立社交媒体页面set up social media pages 13.发现,查明,弄清(事实或信息)find out 14.如果……怎么办what if 15.忙于某事be busy with sth 16.达成一致reach agreement 17.分界线,界限dividing line 18.就……争论argue over 19.放弃give up 20.寻求建议ask for advice 21.决定做某事decide to do sth 22.作为报酬;作为回报in return 23.把……放在心里,把……记在心上keep… in mind 24.后退;退一步考虑step back 三.重点句子背默 1.没有人是一座孤岛。No one is an island. 2.草地上到处都是漂亮的花朵,像星星一样散落其中。 Here and there, over the grass, stand beautiful flowers, like stars. 3.我希望天气能尽快变好。I hope the weather changes soon. 4.但是春天没有来,夏天也没有来。But spring never comes, nor summer. 5.而且树木们开心得浑身都开满了花。 And the trees are so glad that they have covered themselves with flowers. 6.我(一直以来都)太自私了!How selfish I've been! 7.分享的快乐是双倍的快乐。Shared joy is a double joy. 8.人们往往难以与他人谈论自己的恐惧。 It is often difficult for people to talk about their fears with others. 9.它的故事追溯到清朝时期。Its story started back in the Qing Dynasty. 10.当他的回信到达时,他们打开一看,发现里面是一首诗。 When his reply came, they opened it to find a poem inside. 11.于是,两家之间便形成了一条六尺宽的小巷。 And so came the six-chi-wide lane between the two houses. 12.每当他们走在这条小巷里,他们都会想起善意是如何促进更多的善意的。 Whenever they walk down the lane, they remember how kindness encourages more kindness. 四.核心知识点解析 考点1:Remember this and you will go a long way in getting along with people.记住这一点,你就能在与人相处方面走得很远。(教材P19) get along with sb.与某人和睦相处 相当于get on with sb.。 It’s important to learn how to get along/on with your classmates at school.在学校学习如何与同班同学和睦相处是很重要的。 拓展 get along/on with sth.(谈及或问及某人)进展,进步 I’m not getting on very fast with this job.我这个工作进展不太快。 考点2: “What are you doing here?” he shouts in a very angry voice.“你们在这儿干什么?”他非常生气地喊道。(教材P21) shout /ʃaʊt/ v.大声说,喊叫,呼喊 shout for help 呼救 shout at…冲……大声叫嚷(有愤怒的语气) shout to…对……大声喊叫(因距离远而呼喊) I shouted for help but nobody came.我大声呼救,但没人来。 He ran into his brother’s room and started shouting at him in anger.他跑进他弟弟的房间,开始愤怒地对他大喊大叫。 Mary shouted to us to come in and help her.玛丽大声喊我们进来帮助她。 考点3:Since then, he hasn’t seen a child there.从那以后,他再也没有在那里见过一个孩子。(教材P21) since /sɪns/ prep.自从……以来;自从……之后 后接表示时间点的词或短语,常与现在完成时连用。since then从那以后 Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. 几千年来,中国人就梦想着去月球。 Since then, no one has seen the bear.从那以后,没有人看见过这只熊。 拓展 (1)[连词]从……以后;自……以来 引导时间状语从句,从句常用一般过去时,对应的主句多用现在完成时。 Since I was five years old, I have learned embroidery from my mother and sister. 从五岁开始,我就跟妈妈和姐姐学刺绣。 (2)[连词]因为;既然 引导原因状语从句,常位于句首。 Since we knew little about each other, we shared our stories. 因为我们对彼此知之甚少,所以我们分享了自己的故事。 考点4:Whenever they walk down the lane, they remember how kindness encourages more kindness.每当他们走在小巷里,他们都会记得善良是如何鼓励更多的善良的。(教材P29) whenever /wenˈevə/ conj.每当 [连词]引导时间状语从句,相当于every time。 Whenever I see the photo, it reminds me of the happy days we spent together.每当我看到这张照片,它就使我想起我们一起度过的快乐时光。 拓展 (1)[连词]无论何时 引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter when。 Help whenever and wherever you can.无论何时何地,尽你所能提供帮助。 (2)类似的词还有: however(=no matter how)无论何时 whoever(=no matter who)无论谁 whatever(=no matter what)无论什么 wherever(=no matter where)无论在哪里 whichever(=no matter which)无论哪个 考点5:One morning, the Giant suddenly hears birds singing.一天早晨,巨人突然听到鸟儿在唱歌。(教材P21) hear sb./sth. doing sth.听到某人/某物正在做某事 辨析hear sb./sth. doing sth.与hear sb./sth. do sth. hear sb./sth.doing sth. “听到某人/某物正在做某事”,强调听到的动作正在进行。 hear sb./sth. do sth. “听到某人/某物做了某事或经常做某事”,强调听到某个动作发生的整个过程或某个动作经常发生。 I hear him singing in the room.我听见他正在房间里唱歌。 I often hear him sing.我经常听到他唱歌。 I noticed them come in.我注意到他们进来了。 I saw him reading on the e-reader.我看见他正在电子书阅读器上读书。 考点6:And the trees are so glad that they have covered themselves with flowers.树木们开心得浑身都开满了花。(教材P21) so...that...如此……以至于…… so后接形容词或副词,that后的句子表示结果。 Kelly was so surprised that she could hardly answer.凯莉惊讶得几乎说不出话来。 拓展 (1) such...that...如此……以至于…… such后接名词(短语),that后的句子表示结果。 Mr Wang is such a good teacher that all the students like him.王老师是一位如此好的老师,以至于所有的学生都喜欢他。 (2)so that有两个含义:一是“以便,为了”,其后的句 子表示目的;二是“所以”,其后的句子表示结果。 He also told Tom not to eat too many sweet things so that his teeth would be healthy.他还告诉汤姆不要吃太多甜食,这样他的牙齿才会健康。(表示目的) I hurried so that I got there on time.我行动迅速,因此我按时到达了那里。(表示结果) 考点8:The children return, and the garden is lively again. 孩子们回来了,花园又活跃起来了。(教材P22) return /rɪˈtɜ:n/ v. 返回,回来,回去 相当于go/come back,“return to+地点名词/return+地点副词”意为“返回某地”。 The Mengzhou spacecraft returns to Earth with the moon samples.“梦舟”载人飞船携带月球样本返回地球。 Hou Yi returned home with the magic medicine and he wanted to share it with Chang’e. 后羿带着神药回到了家,他想和嫦娥分享它。 拓展 还可意为“归还”。 return sth. to sb.相当于give sth. back to sb.,意为“把某物还给某人”。 I’m going to return this book to Tom.=I’m going to give this book back to Tom.我要把这本书还给汤姆。 lively /ˈlaɪvli/ adj.充满活力的,生气勃勃的 [形容词]可作定语或表语。 This is a really lively party.这真是个热闹的聚会。(作定语) Mary is active and lively and she is popular with everyone.玛丽积极又活泼,很受大家的欢迎。(作表语) 【特别提醒】 lively虽然以-ly结尾,但它不是副词,类似的还有lovely(可爱的)、lonely(孤独的)、friendly(友好的)等。 考点9:This year, Uncle Jimmy plans to give away 800 ice creams. 今年,吉米叔叔计划赠送800个冰激凌。(教材P23) give away赠送;捐赠 为“动词+副词”型短语。 give away+名词=give+名词+away give+人称代词(只能放中间)+away I decide to give away the toys(=give the toys away to a children’s hospital.我决定把这些玩具捐赠给一所儿童医院。 I don’t need these books. I plan to give them away to the library.我不需要这些书。我打算把它们捐给图书馆。 与give相关的其他短语: 考点10:Examples include a fear of heights and a fear of attending social events.例子包括恐高和害怕参加社交活动。 (教材P25) attend /əˈtend/ v.参加,出席,到场 辨析attend, take part in, join与join in attend “出席;参加”,为正式用语,指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼等。 take part in 指参加某个会议或某项群众性的活动等,重在说明参加该项活动并在其中发挥一定的作用。 join 指加入某党派、团体、组织、俱乐部等并成为其中的一员。表示短暂性的动作,不与表示一 段时间的状语连用。 join in 一般指参加竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动,其后一般接名词或动词-ing形式。 Jenny was so busy that she didn’t attend the meeting yesterday.珍妮昨天太忙了,所以没去参加会议。 How many countries will take part in the World Cup?有多少个国家要参加世界杯? I joined the club when I was 10.我10岁时加入了这个俱乐部。 Can I join in the game?我可以参加这个游戏吗? 考点11:Ms Thomson’s suggestions汤姆森女士的建议(教材P27) suggestion /səˈdʒestʃən/ n.建议,提议 辨析suggestion与advice As long as you follow these suggestions, you will be sure to improve your spoken English.只要你遵循这些建议,你一定会提高你的英语口语。 My teacher gave me two pieces of advice on English learning.我的老师给了我两条学英语的建议。 考点12:What if they never...again?要是他们再也不……怎么办呢?(教材P27) What if...?要是……会怎么样呢? 用于提出假设性问题或表达担忧、建议等。 What if the train is late?火车要是晚点会怎么样呢? What if we moved the sofa over here? Would that look better?我们把沙发挪到这边怎么样?那样看起来会好些吗? 考点13:Two local families, the Zhangs and the Wus, argued over the dividing line between their houses.当地的两户人家,张家和吴家,因为房子的分界线发生了争吵。(教材P28) argue /ˈɑ:ɡju:/ v.争论,争吵 [不及物动词]用法如下: argue with sb.与某人争论/争吵 argue about/over sth.因某事而争论/争吵 Don’t argue with the driver when taking a bus.乘坐公共汽车时不要和司机争吵。 They were arguing about/over the matter again.他们又在为这件事争吵。 We never had an angry argument with each other.我们之间从未有过激烈的争吵。 divide /dəˈvaɪd/ v.(把……)分开 [及物动词]&[不及物动词] divide...into...把……分成…… be divided into...被分成…… The traditional Chinese calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms.中国传统历法将一年分为24个节气。 The book is divided into six sections.本书分为六部分。 Here, the river divides into three channels.从这里开始,这条河分为三条河道。 考点14:They couldn’t reach an agreement.他们无法达成一致意见。(教材P28) agreement /əˈɡri:mənt/ n.协议;(意见的)一致,相合 (1)[不可数名词](意见的)一致,相合 be in agreement(意见或看法)一致 Mr Zhang nodded in agreement.张老师点了点头表示同意。 Are we in agreement about the price?对这个价格我们是否意见一致? (2)[可数名词]协议,协定 reach/come to an agreement达成协议 After a two-hour discussion, they finally came to an agreement.经过两个小时的讨论,他们终于达成了协议。 相关词形变化: 考点15:Hundreds of years have passed since then, and the lane is still there.从那时起,几百年过去了,这条小巷依然存在。(教材P29) pass /pɑ:s/ v.过去,流逝 [不及物动词] Twenty years’ time has passed and my father is 55 years old now.二十年过去了,我父亲现在55岁了。 拓展 pass的其他用法: 考点16:The people of Tongcheng still keep the poem in mind.桐城人民的心中仍牢记着这首诗。(教材P29) keep...in mind把……放在心里,把……记在心上 相当于bear...in mind。 keep in mind that...记住…… It’s a good idea — I’ll keep/bear it in mind.这是个好主意——我会放在心上的。 We’re supposed to keep in mind that it is important to tell the truth.我们应该记住说真话是很重要的。 拓展 与mind相关的其他短语: on one’s mind挂在心上;惦念 change one’s mind改变主意 make up one’s mind下定决心 bring/call...to mind想起…… 五.语法串讲 现在完成时(2) 现在完成时可以表达某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在。 知识点1 for和since在现在完成时中的应用 (1)在表示行为或状态从过去一直持续到现在时,通常要与表示一段时间的时间状语连用,这类状语通常由for或since引导。for后接一段时间,如for five years;而since后多接时间点,如since January 2020。 They have had the cat since they got married. 他们自结婚以来就一直养着这只猫。 They have been married for twenty years. 他们已经结婚二十年了。 “since+时间点”和“for+时间段”常作现在完成时的标志。两者之间常可以进行同义转换。 Chen Xiao has dreamed of being a biologist since eight years ago.=Chen Xiao has dreamed of being a biologist for eight years.陈笑八年前就梦想成为一名生物学家。 (2)对现在完成时的时间状语进行提问时,常用how long。 How long have you been like this? 你这个样子有多久了? How long have you played tennis? 你打网球打了多长时间了? 知识点2非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换 (1)在现在完成时的句子中,表示持续的动作或状态时,常用延续性动词与表示时间段的时间状语连用。 It has rained for three hours.雨已经下了三个小时了。 (2)与表示一段时间的时间状语连用时,应将非延续性动词转换为延续性动词或表示状态的短语等。 I borrowed this magazine three months ago. 我三个月前借了这本杂志。 →I have kept this magazine for three months.这本杂志我已经借来三个月了。 (3)常见的非延续性动词转换为延续性动词的情况: ① 用与其意义相对应的“be+形容词/副词/介词/名词等”结构。 非延续性动词 结构 leave be away begin/start be on join be in/a member (of) die be dead open be open I joined the club two years ago. 我两年前加入的这个俱乐部。 →I have been in/a member of the club for two years. 我加入这个俱乐部两年了。 ②用与其意义相对应的延续性动词。 非延续性动词 延续性动词 buy have borrow keep put on wear I bought this pop-up book about the Palace Museum one week ago. 我一周前买了这本关于故宫博物院的立体书。 →I have had this pop-up book about the Palace Museum for one week. 我买来这本关于故宫博物院的立体书已经一周了。 六.写作串讲 本单元的话题是“与人相处”,要求学生能根据提示内容写一篇和与人相处有关的文章。该话题可以以记叙文或应用文的形式出现,时态多为一般现在时。 在写此类文章时,通常涉及的细分话题有:①和朋友的相处之道;②和父母如何相处;③描述你在与人相处时遇到的烦恼。 必备词句: 1.be kind to sb.对某人友善; 2.make friends with sb.和某人交朋友; 3.give a hand伸出援手; 4.in trouble处于困境中; 5.remember to do sth.记得做某事; 6.be sure to do sth.一定做某事; 7.last but not least最后但同样重要的是; 8.I am sorry to hear that you have problems at the new school. 我很遗憾得知你在新学校有了烦恼。 9.I hope that my advice will help you and that you can make new friends soon. 我希望我的建议会帮到你,你能很快交到新朋友。 写作实例   友情是一种财富,有了朋友的陪伴、理解和帮助,我们的生活会变得更加美好。假如你是李华,你的美国朋友Betty转到了新学校,她为此很苦恼,担心自己没有朋友,也不知道如何跟同学相处。请你给她发一封电子邮件,给她提出一些建议。   写作要点:1.对Betty的烦恼表示理解;2.针对Betty的烦恼给出建议;3.表达期望。   写作要求:1.必须包括写作要点中的所有信息;2.词数80左右。 谋篇布局 例文 Dear Betty, I am sorry to hear that you have problems at the new school. I understand your feeling. Don't worry. I can help you. Here is some advice. First, you should be kind to others. People enjoy making friends with people who are nice to them. Second, be ready to help others. If you give a hand when others need help, they will help you when you are in trouble. Third, remember to smile at everyone every day. If you smile at others, you are sure to get a smile back. Last but not least, why not join in more activities after school? They can provide you with a chance to make friends. I hope that my advice will help you and that you can make new friends soon. Yours, Hua $

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Unit 2 Getting along 知识清单(单词、短语、句子、语法、写作)2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元核心知识精讲精练(新教材外研版)
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Unit 2 Getting along 知识清单(单词、短语、句子、语法、写作)2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元核心知识精讲精练(新教材外研版)
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Unit 2 Getting along 知识清单(单词、短语、句子、语法、写作)2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元核心知识精讲精练(新教材外研版)
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