Unit 1 Friendship 基础训练（单词、短语、句子、语法、写作）2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元核心知识精讲精练（新教材译林版）

Unit 1 Friendship 基础训练（单词、短语、句子、语法、写作） 一、根据中文提示写单词 根据句意及中文提示，写出单词的正确形式。 1.He couldn’t stop ________ (笑，发笑) when he heard the funny story. 2.It’s wrong to ________ (撒谎) to your best friend. 3.It’s hard for me to ________ (理解) what he really means. 4.Our teacher will ________ (鼓励) us to face difficulties bravely. 5.I ________ (相信) that we can finish the task on time. 6.They had to ________ (搏斗，打斗) for their own rights. 7.She ________ (点头) to show that she agreed with me. 8.True ________ (友谊) needs trust between two people. 9.Please tell me the ________ (事实), don’t hide anything. 10.That ________ (青少年) likes reading in his free time. 11.He is an ________ (诚实的) boy and he never tells lies. 12.My deskmate is very ________ (幽默的) and always makes us laugh. 13.You should be ________ (有耐心的) with your little brother. 14.This is ________ (更差的) than the last one. 15.The soldier is very ________ (勇敢的) in the face of danger. 二、首字母填空 1.Don’t l______ to your parents. They will be sad. 2.She is an h______ girl. She never tells lies. 3.We should e______ each other when we meet difficulties. 4.True f______ is very important in our life. 5.He felt b______ because there was nothing interesting to do. 6.My sister has a long p______. It looks beautiful. 7.Please take your s______. The movie will start soon. 8.It’s a s______. Don’t tell others. 9.The little girl is s______ of the dark. 10.He is b______ enough to face the trouble. 11.The t______ is that he didn’t finish his homework. 12.I like playing b______ after school. 13.He is an e______ boy. He always does sports. 14.H______, he still wants to try again. 15.O______ you start, you must keep on. 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.He often ________ (laugh) at funny stories. 2.It is important ________ (understand) your friends. 3.My teacher always ________ (encourage) us to study hard. 4.I ________ (believe) he can do it well. 5.They ________ (fight) for their dreams yesterday. 6.She ________ (nod) her head and agreed with me. 7.We should value our ________ (friend). 8.Tell me the ________ (true), please. 9.The ________ (teenager) like playing sports. 10.He is a ________ (humour) boy. He tells many jokes. 11.She felt ________ (happy) because she lost her pen. 12.He is ________ (patience) with little kids. 13.This book is ________ (fun) than that one. 14.He is ________ (bore) with the old movie. 15.Tom is ________ (energy). He never feels tired. 16.This is the ________ (bad) story I have ever read. 17.The little boy was ________ (scare) of snakes. 18.We should be ________ (thought) to our classmates. 19.There is some ________ (dangerous) in the street. 20.He has many different ________ (feel) every day. 四．用所给的短语填空 A cheer sb. up, feel down, keep secrets, get along with sb., do well in, spend time with sb., lie to sb., sense of humour, help sb. with sth., stay active 用短语的正确形式填空，每词只用一次。 1.If you ________ ________, your friends can give you a hand. 2.Don’t ________ ________ me. I want to know the truth. 3.She is good at English and she ________ ________ ________ English. 4.We should ________ ________ our close friends. 5.My deskmate has a good ________ ________ ________. He always makes us laugh. 6.I often ________ my sister ________ her homework on weekends. 7.You need to ________ ________ to keep healthy. 8.She was sad, so I tried to ________ her ________. 9.It’s important to ________ ________ for your friends. 10.He is easy‑going and he ________ ________ all his classmates. B in fact, have sth. in common, give sb. a chance, look on the bright side, support each other, from time to time, share interests with sb., build strong and healthy friendships, care about sb.’s feelings, leave sb. alone 用短语的正确形式填空，每词只用一次。 1.________ ________, he is a very kind boy. 2.We ________ ________ ________ with each other, so we become good friends. 3.Please ________ him ________. He wants to have a rest. 4.We should ________ ________ when we meet difficulties. 5.You should ________ ________. Don’t always think about bad things. 6.Friends should ________ ________ ________. Don’t hurt others. 7.I ________ ________ ________ my best friend. We both love reading. 8.We need to ________ ________ ________ ________. 9.Please ________ me ________. I believe I can do it. 10.I go hiking with my friends ________ ________ ________ ________. 五．完成句子1 1.他鼓励我不要放弃。He ________ me ________ ________ give up. 2.友谊对我们每个人都很重要。________ is important for every ________. 3.他是一个诚实的男孩，从不说谎。He is an ________ boy and never ________. 4.一旦你开始，就要坚持下去。________ you start, you must keep on. 5.他害怕黑暗。He is ________ ________ the dark. 6.这个笑话很有趣。This ________ is very ________. 7.然而，他仍然没有放弃。________, he still didn’t give up. 8.请告诉我事实。Please tell me the ________. 9.她有一点紧张。She feels a ________ nervous. 10.他是一个勇敢的人。He is a ________ ________. 六、完成句子2 1.我们应该善良且体贴。 We should ________ ________ ________ ________. 2.不要对父母撒谎。 Don’t ________ ________ your parents. 3.我喜欢和我的朋友共度时光。 I like ________ ________ ________ my friends. 4.他总是帮助我做我的功课。 He always ________ me ________ my schoolwork. 5.当我难过的时候，朋友会使我振作起来。 My friends will ________ ________ ________ when I am sad. 6.他有很好的幽默感。 He has a good ________ ________ ________. 7.这个男孩喜欢讲笑话逗大家开心。 The boy likes ________ ________ to make others happy. 8.我们应当保持活跃，多做运动。 We should ________ ________ and do more sports. 9.不要放弃，继续努力。 Don’t give up. ________ ________. 10.我们俩有共同点。 We two ________ ________ ________ ________. 11.好朋友会互相支持。 Good friends will ________ ________ ________. 12.你应该和别人交谈来解决问题。 You should ________ ________ ________ to solve problems. 13.我们时不时地会感到疲惫。 We feel tired ________ ________ ________ ________. 14.真正的朋友会在乎你的感受。 True friends will ________ ________ your ________. 15.遇到困难时，要往好的方面想。 When you meet troubles, ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 七．语法训练 A.单项选择 1.Jogging is 　　　than many sports—to start, just get some comfortable sports clothes and good running shoes.   A.cheap　　 B.cheaper C.cheapest　　 D.the cheapest 2.—You want to lose weight? But why? You look quite slim to me. —That may be true. But I’m 　　　than last year.  A.much heavier　　 B.heavy enough C.much lighter　　 D.light enough 3.—What is the world’s 　　　mountain?  —Mount Qomolangma. A.lower　　 B.lowest C.higher　　 D.highest 4.He was advised to eat fewer hamburgers and drink 　　　cola to keep fit.  A.much　　 B.more C.fewer　　 D.less 5.Daniel is 　　　his twin brother. They are both 1.75 meters tall.  A.taller than　　 B.shorter than C.as tall as　　 D.so tall as B.词汇运用 1.—What do you think of the film Hi, Mom? —Wonderful. I have never seen a 　　　　　　　(interesting) film before.  2.Lucy is organized and her room always looks 　　　(tidy) than mine.  3.The programme Drive less,cycle more will reduce pollution and make streets much 　　　(安全的).  4.Yuan Longping, one of 　　　　　　　　　　　(最伟大的科学家),made important contributions to the world.  5.—Which dog do you think is 　　　(lazy), Hobo or Eddie?  —I think Eddie is. 6.The Great Wall is one of the 　　　　　　(great) wonders in the world.  7.My cousin will go to university for 　　　　　　(far) study.  8.Cells are the 　　　　　　(small) and most basic units of living matter.  C.根据汉语提示完成句子 1.There is nothing 　 　 in today’s newspaper. 今天的报纸上没有什么重要的内容。 2.His idea sounds 　 　.他的主意听起来很棒。  3.He is as 　 　 as his father.他和他的父亲一样高。  4.The film is too 　 　.这部电影太无聊了。  5.It is even 　 　 today.今天甚至更冷了。  6.Suzhou is becoming .苏州变得越来越美丽。 7.This picture is the 　 　 of all.这幅画是所有的画中最好的。 8.She is the second 　 　 girl in our class.她是我们班第二高的女生。 八．语法填空 My best friend is Tom. We have known each other for five years. Tom is 1 (tall) than me. He is also 2 (outgoing) than me. He loves making friends and talking to people. Tom is very 3 (help). He always helps me with my maths problems. He is also 4 (humour). He often tells funny jokes and makes everyone laugh. When I feel sad, he knows how to 5 (cheer) me up. Tom is the 6 (hard-working) student in our class. He spends a lot of time reading and doing exercises. He thinks 7 (careful) than anyone else. That’s why he always gets the 8 (good) grades. I think a good friend is like a mirror. Tom helps me see my own 9 (strong) and weaknesses. He encourages me to be 10 (good) than before. I am really lucky to have him as my best friend. 九．选词填空 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从方框内选出适当的单词，将其正确形式填入空白处，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。方框内有两个词为多余项。 discovery   we   talk   you   call   study   differences   lucky   be   easy   better   problem Friends are very important in our lives. They stay with us when we are happy or sad, and they always help 1 . A true friend is like warm sunshine on a cold day. I have a good friend 2 Tom. We have many things in common. We both like playing basketball. After school, we often go to the playground and play together. We also like science. We share our favorite science books and talk about fun 3 . But we are different too. Tom is more outgoing than me. He likes 4 to new people. So he makes friends 5 . I am a little shy. And Tom is 6 at math, but I do better in English. I think a good friend should 7 kind and honest. They should listen to you when you have 8 . Friends don’t need to be the same— 9 make friendship more interesting. In short, true friends make our lives better. I’m 10 to have Tom as my friend, and I will always keep our friendship. 十．写作 近期学校将要举办英语演讲比赛,主题为“My best friend”,你想介绍你最好的朋友Daniel,请根据如下提示,完成演讲稿,词数100左右。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Friendship 基础训练（单词、短语、句子、语法、写作） 一、根据中文提示写单词 根据句意及中文提示，写出单词的正确形式。 1.He couldn’t stop ________ (笑，发笑) when he heard the funny story. 2.It’s wrong to ________ (撒谎) to your best friend. 3.It’s hard for me to ________ (理解) what he really means. 4.Our teacher will ________ (鼓励) us to face difficulties bravely. 5.I ________ (相信) that we can finish the task on time. 6.They had to ________ (搏斗，打斗) for their own rights. 7.She ________ (点头) to show that she agreed with me. 8.True ________ (友谊) needs trust between two people. 9.Please tell me the ________ (事实), don’t hide anything. 10.That ________ (青少年) likes reading in his free time. 11.He is an ________ (诚实的) boy and he never tells lies. 12.My deskmate is very ________ (幽默的) and always makes us laugh. 13.You should be ________ (有耐心的) with your little brother. 14.This is ________ (更差的) than the last one. 15.The soldier is very ________ (勇敢的) in the face of danger. 【答案】1.laughing 2. lie 3. understand 4. encourage 5. believe 6.fight 7. nodded 8. friendship 9. truth 10. teenager 11.honest 12. humorous 13. patient 14. worse 15. brave 二、首字母填空 1.Don’t l______ to your parents. They will be sad. 2.She is an h______ girl. She never tells lies. 3.We should e______ each other when we meet difficulties. 4.True f______ is very important in our life. 5.He felt b______ because there was nothing interesting to do. 6.My sister has a long p______. It looks beautiful. 7.Please take your s______. The movie will start soon. 8.It’s a s______. Don’t tell others. 9.The little girl is s______ of the dark. 10.He is b______ enough to face the trouble. 11.The t______ is that he didn’t finish his homework. 12.I like playing b______ after school. 13.He is an e______ boy. He always does sports. 14.H______, he still wants to try again. 15.O______ you start, you must keep on. 【答案】1.lie 2. honest 3. encourage 4. friendship 5. bored 6.ponytail 7. seat 8. secret 9. scared 10. brave 11.truth 12. badminton 13. energetic 14. However 15. Once 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.He often ________ (laugh) at funny stories. 2.It is important ________ (understand) your friends. 3.My teacher always ________ (encourage) us to study hard. 4.I ________ (believe) he can do it well. 5.They ________ (fight) for their dreams yesterday. 6.She ________ (nod) her head and agreed with me. 7.We should value our ________ (friend). 8.Tell me the ________ (true), please. 9.The ________ (teenager) like playing sports. 10.He is a ________ (humour) boy. He tells many jokes. 11.She felt ________ (happy) because she lost her pen. 12.He is ________ (patience) with little kids. 13.This book is ________ (fun) than that one. 14.He is ________ (bore) with the old movie. 15.Tom is ________ (energy). He never feels tired. 16.This is the ________ (bad) story I have ever read. 17.The little boy was ________ (scare) of snakes. 18.We should be ________ (thought) to our classmates. 19.There is some ________ (dangerous) in the street. 20.He has many different ________ (feel) every day. 【答案】1.laughs 2. to understand 3. encourages 4. believe 5. fought 6.nodded 7. friendship 8. truth 9. teenagers 10. humorous 11.unhappy 12. patient 13. funnier 14. bored 15. energetic 16.worst 17. scared 18. thoughtful 19. danger 20. feelings 四．用所给的短语填空 A cheer sb. up, feel down, keep secrets, get along with sb., do well in, spend time with sb., lie to sb., sense of humour, help sb. with sth., stay active 用短语的正确形式填空，每词只用一次。 1.If you ________ ________, your friends can give you a hand. 2.Don’t ________ ________ me. I want to know the truth. 3.She is good at English and she ________ ________ ________ English. 4.We should ________ ________ our close friends. 5.My deskmate has a good ________ ________ ________. He always makes us laugh. 6.I often ________ my sister ________ her homework on weekends. 7.You need to ________ ________ to keep healthy. 8.She was sad, so I tried to ________ her ________. 9.It’s important to ________ ________ for your friends. 10.He is easy‑going and he ________ ________ all his classmates. 【答案】1.feel down 2.lie to 3.does well in 4.spend time with 5.sense of humour 6.help; with 7.stay active 8.cheer; up 9.keep secrets 10.gets along with B in fact, have sth. in common, give sb. a chance, look on the bright side, support each other, from time to time, share interests with sb., build strong and healthy friendships, care about sb.’s feelings, leave sb. alone 用短语的正确形式填空，每词只用一次。 1.________ ________, he is a very kind boy. 2.We ________ ________ ________ with each other, so we become good friends. 3.Please ________ him ________. He wants to have a rest. 4.We should ________ ________ when we meet difficulties. 5.You should ________ ________. Don’t always think about bad things. 6.Friends should ________ ________ ________. Don’t hurt others. 7.I ________ ________ ________ my best friend. We both love reading. 8.We need to ________ ________ ________ ________. 9.Please ________ me ________. I believe I can do it. 10.I go hiking with my friends ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】1.In fact 2.have something in common 3.leave; alone 4.support each other 5.look on the bright side 6.care about sb.’s feelings 7.share interests with 8.build strong and healthy friendships 9.give; a chance 10.from time to time 五．完成句子1 1.他鼓励我不要放弃。He ________ me ________ ________ give up. 2.友谊对我们每个人都很重要。________ is important for every ________. 3.他是一个诚实的男孩，从不说谎。He is an ________ boy and never ________. 4.一旦你开始，就要坚持下去。________ you start, you must keep on. 5.他害怕黑暗。He is ________ ________ the dark. 6.这个笑话很有趣。This ________ is very ________. 7.然而，他仍然没有放弃。________, he still didn’t give up. 8.请告诉我事实。Please tell me the ________. 9.她有一点紧张。She feels a ________ nervous. 10.他是一个勇敢的人。He is a ________ ________. 【答案】1.encourages; not to 2.Friendship; person 3.honest; lies 4.Once 5.scared of 6.joke; funny 7.However 8.truth 9.bit 10.brave person 六、完成句子2 1.我们应该善良且体贴。 We should ________ ________ ________ ________. 2.不要对父母撒谎。 Don’t ________ ________ your parents. 3.我喜欢和我的朋友共度时光。 I like ________ ________ ________ my friends. 4.他总是帮助我做我的功课。 He always ________ me ________ my schoolwork. 5.当我难过的时候，朋友会使我振作起来。 My friends will ________ ________ ________ when I am sad. 6.他有很好的幽默感。 He has a good ________ ________ ________. 7.这个男孩喜欢讲笑话逗大家开心。 The boy likes ________ ________ to make others happy. 8.我们应当保持活跃，多做运动。 We should ________ ________ and do more sports. 9.不要放弃，继续努力。 Don’t give up. ________ ________. 10.我们俩有共同点。 We two ________ ________ ________ ________. 11.好朋友会互相支持。 Good friends will ________ ________ ________. 12.你应该和别人交谈来解决问题。 You should ________ ________ ________ to solve problems. 13.我们时不时地会感到疲惫。 We feel tired ________ ________ ________ ________. 14.真正的朋友会在乎你的感受。 True friends will ________ ________ your ________. 15.遇到困难时，要往好的方面想。 When you meet troubles, ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】1.be kind and caring 2.lie to 3.spending time with 4.help; with 5.cheer me up 6.sense of humour 7.telling jokes 8.stay active 9.keep trying 10.have something in common 11.support each other 12.talk to others 13.from time to time 14.care about; feelings 15.look on the bright side 七．语法训练 A.单项选择 1.Jogging is 　　　than many sports—to start, just get some comfortable sports clothes and good running shoes.   A.cheap　　 B.cheaper C.cheapest　　 D.the cheapest 【答案】B　 【解析】本题考查形容词比较级。根据空格后的than many sports可知,此空应填比较级,故选B。 2.—You want to lose weight? But why? You look quite slim to me. —That may be true. But I’m 　　　than last year.  A.much heavier　　 B.heavy enough C.much lighter　　 D.light enough 【答案】A　 【解析】句意:——你想减肥?但是这是为什么呢?对我来说,你看起来非常苗条。——这可能是真的,但我比去年重多了。根据句中的than可知,此空应填比较级,故排除B、D两项。由语境可知,此处应该是比去年重,故选A。 3.—What is the world’s 　　　mountain?  —Mount Qomolangma. A.lower　　 B.lowest C.higher　　 D.highest 【答案】D　 【解析】lower更低的;lowest最低的;higher更高的;highest最高的。根据常识,珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。故答案为D。 解题关键　从答语Mount Qomolangma.及问句中的the world􀆳s可以得知问句问的是世界上最高的山峰是什么。从而判断出设空处应该用最高级并且应该表示“最高的”。 4.He was advised to eat fewer hamburgers and drink 　　　cola to keep fit.  A.much　　 B.more C.fewer　　 D.less 【答案】D　 【解析】句意:有人建议他少吃点汉堡包并且少喝点可乐来保持健康。本题考查形容词的比较等级。much许多,修饰不可数名词;more更多,修饰可数名词和不可数名词;fewer更少,修饰可数名词;less更少,修饰不可数名词。cola为不可数名词,排除C项;根据句意和常识可知,此处表示少喝可乐。故选D项。 5.Daniel is 　　　his twin brother. They are both 1.75 meters tall.  A.taller than　　 B.shorter than C.as tall as　　 D.so tall as 【答案】C　 【解析】句意:丹尼尔和他的双胞胎兄弟一样高。他们都是1.75米。本题考查形容词的比较等级。根据后句They are both 1.75 meters tall.可知,他们一样高。as tall as和……一样高,so tall as只能用在否定句中。故选C项。 B.词汇运用 1.—What do you think of the film Hi, Mom? —Wonderful. I have never seen a 　　　　　　　(interesting) film before.  【答案】more interesting　 【解析】此空填形容词的比较级和never连用,表示最高级的含义,指《你好,李焕英》是我看过的最有趣的一部电影。故填more interesting。 2.Lucy is organized and her room always looks 　　　(tidy) than mine.  【答案】tidier　 【解析】本题考查形容词比较级。空格前的look是系动词,后接形容词作表语,根据空格后的than可知,要用比较级,故填tidier。 3.The programme Drive less,cycle more will reduce pollution and make streets much 　　　(安全的).  【答案】safer　 【解析】此处是“make+宾语+adj.”结构,“安全的”是safe,空格前的much修饰比较级,所以填safer。 4.Yuan Longping, one of 　　　　　　　　　　　(最伟大的科学家),made important contributions to the world.  【答案】the greatest scientists　 【解析】本题考查形容词最高级。one of后接名词的复数形式,此时名词通常用形容词最高级来修饰,故填the greatest scientists。 5.—Which dog do you think is 　　　(lazy), Hobo or Eddie?  —I think Eddie is. 【答案】lazier　 【解析】两者之间进行比较,应用形容词的比较级形式。lazy的比较级为lazier。 6.The Great Wall is one of the 　　　　　　(great) wonders in the world.  【答案】greatest　 【解析】根据in the world可知,此处应用形容词最高级形式,great的最高级为greatest。 知识拓展　“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构,表示“……中最……的之一”。 7.My cousin will go to university for 　　　　　　(far) study.  【答案】further　 【解析】further study为固定短语,意为“深造,进修”。注意:far的比较级有两个farther和further。表示“更进一步”时用further。 8.Cells are the 　　　　　　(small) and most basic units of living matter.  【答案】smallest　 【解析】根据空格前的the和后面的most basic可知,此处应用最高级。 C.根据汉语提示完成句子 1.There is nothing 　 　 in today’s newspaper. 今天的报纸上没有什么重要的内容。 2.His idea sounds 　 　.他的主意听起来很棒。  3.He is as 　 　 as his father.他和他的父亲一样高。  4.The film is too 　 　.这部电影太无聊了。  5.It is even 　 　 today.今天甚至更冷了。  6.Suzhou is becoming .苏州变得越来越美丽。 7.This picture is the 　 　 of all.这幅画是所有的画中最好的。 8.She is the second 　 　 girl in our class.她是我们班第二高的女生。 【答案】1.important 2.great 3.tall 4.boring 5.colder 6.more and more beautiful 7.best 8.tallest 八．语法填空 My best friend is Tom. We have known each other for five years. Tom is 1 (tall) than me. He is also 2 (outgoing) than me. He loves making friends and talking to people. Tom is very 3 (help). He always helps me with my maths problems. He is also 4 (humour). He often tells funny jokes and makes everyone laugh. When I feel sad, he knows how to 5 (cheer) me up. Tom is the 6 (hard-working) student in our class. He spends a lot of time reading and doing exercises. He thinks 7 (careful) than anyone else. That’s why he always gets the 8 (good) grades. I think a good friend is like a mirror. Tom helps me see my own 9 (strong) and weaknesses. He encourages me to be 10 (good) than before. I am really lucky to have him as my best friend. 【答案】1．taller 2．more outgoing 3．helpful 4．humorous 5．cheer 6．most hard-working 7．more carefully 8．best 9．strengths 10．better 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者的好友Tom的外貌、性格、乐于助人、幽默感以及学习刻苦等特点，最后表达了朋友像一面镜子，帮助作者成长。 【详解】1．句意：汤姆比我高。空格在系动词is后作表语，需用形容词形式，空格后“than me”表明，此处需用比较级，tall的比较级为taller，表示“更高”。 2．句意：他也比我外向。空格在系动词is后作表语，用于描述人物性格特征，需用形容词形式，空格后“than me”表明，此处需用比较级，outgoing为形容词，意为“外向的”，是多音节单词，比较级为more outgoing。 3．句意：汤姆非常乐于助人。空格在系动词is后作表语，且有副词very修饰，需用形容词形式，help的形容词为helpful，意为“乐于助人的”。 4．句意：他也很有幽默感。空格在系动词is后作表语，用于描述人物特征，需用形容词形式，humour的形容词形式为humorous，意为“幽默的”。 5．句意：当我感到难过时，他知道如何让我振作起来。结合“he knows how to”可知，此处表示“如何让我振作起来”，“how to do sth”是“疑问词+不定式”结构，因此空处需用动词原形cheer。 6．句意：汤姆是我们班最勤奋的学生。句中有明确的范围in our class，且空格前有定冠词the，此处需用形容词最高级形式，hard-working是多音节单词，其最高级为most hard-working，表示“最勤奋的”。 7．句意：他思考问题比其他任何人都仔细。空处需用副词修饰动词thinks，careful的副词形式为carefully，结合空后“than anyone else”可知，且carefully是多音节单词，此处需用carefully的比较级more carefully。 8．句意：这就是他总是取得最好成绩的原因。结合“He thinks…(careful) than anyone else.”“the”以及上下文语境可知，此处表示“最好的成绩”，应用good的最高级best，表示“最好的”。 9．句意：汤姆帮助我认识自己的长处和短处。结合“my own”以及“and weaknesses”可知，空处需用名词作宾语，strong的名词形式为strength，表示“长处”，此处需用复数形式strengths。 10．句意：他鼓励我成为比以前更好的自己。空格后有“than before”，需用比较级good的比较级为better。 九．选词填空 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从方框内选出适当的单词，将其正确形式填入空白处，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。方框内有两个词为多余项。 discovery   we   talk   you   call   study   differences   lucky   be   easy   better   problem Friends are very important in our lives. They stay with us when we are happy or sad, and they always help 1 . A true friend is like warm sunshine on a cold day. I have a good friend 2 Tom. We have many things in common. We both like playing basketball. After school, we often go to the playground and play together. We also like science. We share our favorite science books and talk about fun 3 . But we are different too. Tom is more outgoing than me. He likes 4 to new people. So he makes friends 5 . I am a little shy. And Tom is 6 at math, but I do better in English. I think a good friend should 7 kind and honest. They should listen to you when you have 8 . Friends don’t need to be the same— 9 make friendship more interesting. In short, true friends make our lives better. I’m 10 to have Tom as my friend, and I will always keep our friendship. 【答案】1．us 2．called 3．discoveries 4．talking/to talk 5．easily 6．better 7．be 8．problems 9．differences 10．lucky 【导语】本篇是记叙文，主要讲述作者和好友Tom的相同点与不同点，表达对友谊的理解。 【详解】1．句意：当我们开心或难过时，他们陪伴在身边，并且总是帮助我们。空格放在动词help之后，动词后面需要使用人称代词宾格充当句子宾语，句子指代对象为 “我们”，方框内we是主格形式，需要变形为宾格us。 2．句意：我有一个名叫汤姆的好朋友。空格用来后置修饰名词a good friend，补充说明朋友的名字，需要使用call的过去分词called作后置定语，表达“被称作” 的含义。 3．句意：我们分享最喜爱的科学书籍，讨论有趣的发现。空格前的fun是形容词，形容词只能修饰名词，discovery为可数名词，本句没有限定单数的冠词，表达多项发现需要使用复数形式discoveries，匹配科学书籍讨论的语境。 4．句意：他喜欢和陌生人交谈。空格放在动词likes后面，like doing sth表示长期习惯性爱好，like to do sth表示单次或偶然性喜好，两种结构语法均成立，结合Tom外向的长期性格特征优先填talking，也可填写to talk；talk to sb是常用表达，意思是与某人交谈。 5．句意：所以他交朋友很轻松。空格用来修饰动词短语makes friends，修饰动词必须使用副词，方框内easy是形容词，要转换为副词形式easily，用来描述交朋友这件事的状态。 6．句意：汤姆更擅长数学，而我的英语学得更好。后半分句出现了比较级结构do better in，前后两个分句形成对比，前半句使用be good at的比较级be better at构成对应，方框内better为good的比较级，契合前后对比的语义。 7．句意：我认为一位优秀的好朋友应当善良且诚实。情态动词should的后面必须接续动词原形，后面kind和honest均为形容词，需要搭配系动词构成主系表结构，因此选用系动词原形be。 8．句意：当你遇到烦心事或者难题的时候，他们会认真倾听你的诉说。have problems为常用表达，用来表示遇到困难、麻烦，problem是可数名词，此处泛指各类问题，需要使用复数形式problems，贴合朋友排忧解难的友谊主题。 9．句意：朋友不需要完全一模一样，彼此之间的差异会让友谊变得更加有趣。破折号后句子缺少主语，前半句点明朋友不必相同，核心含义为“差异”，选用名词differences作主语，复数主语也可以匹配后面谓语动词原形make的语法规则。 10．句意：总而言之，真正的朋友让我们的生活更加美好。我很幸运能拥有汤姆这位好朋友，我会一直守护我们的这份友谊。空格放在系动词am之后，需要填入形容词作表语，be lucky to do sth是固定句式，表示做某事很幸运，lucky作为形容词符合句子结构与作者感恩的情感。 十．写作 近期学校将要举办英语演讲比赛,主题为“My best friend”,你想介绍你最好的朋友Daniel,请根据如下提示,完成演讲稿,词数100左右。 【答案】 Hello, everyone!Today I want to introduce my best friend Daniel. He is of medium build, has curly dark hair and wears a pair of glasses. He is very helpful. He is always ready to help others. When he takes the bus, he often gives up his seat to the old. Daniel impressed me deeply with his kindness when we met for the first time. He is not only kind but also smart. He does well in his studies. When I feel down, he cheers me up. I learn a lot from him. We share happiness with each other. I'm so lucky to have him as my friend. I hope to keep our friendship as long as I can because our lives need friendship. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $