Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练）英语译林版必修第二册

**基本信息** 以“运动与健康”为主题，通过外刊阅读、词汇语法解析及多题型训练，构建“输入-内化-输出”的语言能力培养体系，融合文化意识与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |外刊拓展阅读|1篇《中国日报》文章+核心词汇20个+长难句1句|阅读+词汇积累+语法分析|以拳击益处为切入点，建立“运动-身体-心理-社交”主题认知，夯实语言基础| |能力培优拔高|8篇阅读/完形/语法填空（含3篇研究类文本）|细节理解、主旨大意、逻辑推理等多题型|从运动对大脑影响、运动时长与心理健康等角度拓展主题，训练批判性思维| |迁移应用|句子完成6句+应用文写作1篇|语言输出与实际应用|从语言知识到交际能力的转化，提升跨文化沟通与学习能力|

Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy 外刊拓展提升(多题型专练) 识·单元要点概览 读·外刊拓展阅读 (China Daily《中国日报》) The benefits of boxing Boxing has been practised for centuries – it was even one of the sports in the original Olympic Games in ancient Greece. More recently, boxing has become mainstream in the UK, with hundreds of thousands of people from all walks of life participating in the sport every week. But why? The answer lies in the physical, mental and even social benefits boxing can bring. Its physical benefits are clear. Whether it’s practising with a punching bag, sparring with a partner or facing an opponent in the ring, boxing can be an intense form of exercise and give a full-body workout. It can improve muscular strength, and it can also increase anaerobic fitness – allowing someone to work out harder, for longer. These can, in turn, have a positive impact on other aspects of physical well-being, like heart health and weight management. But the high physical demands of the sport aren’t just good for the body – boxing can also have a positive impact on someone’s mental well-being. Dr Jessica Pinchbeck, Senior Lecturer in Sport and Fitness at the Open University, says that boxing ‘can alleviate some of the symptoms of anxiety and depression’. Exercising regularly is already widely known to be good for mental health, but boxing can also bring a sense of discipline and focus. And there is a third benefit to putting on the boxing gloves. Practising punches can be done alone, of course, but boxing is not just an individual activity – it also involves working with others to train and stay safe. Dr Gavin Williams, Senior Lecturer in Education at the Open University, says that this cooperation and teamwork can ‘create a sense of identity… and belonging’. So, no matter what the reason that attracts someone to boxing, the interactive elements of the sport, mean it can also have profound social benefits.  Good for body, mind and social interactions? It’s not surprising that more and more people are stepping into the ring. 【全文翻译】 拳击的益处 拳击运动已存在了数个世纪——它甚至是古希腊原始奥运会的比赛项目之一。近些年来，拳击在英国已成为一项主流运动，每周都有成千上万来自各行各业的人参与其中。但这是为什么呢？答案就在于拳击能带来的身体、心理乃至社交方面的益处。 它在身体方面的益处显而易见。无论是对着沙袋练习、与搭档进行对练还是在拳击台上直面对手，拳击都是一种高强度的锻炼方式，可以让全身得到锻炼。它能增强肌肉力量，还能提高无氧运动能力，让人可以更卖力、更持久地锻炼。反过来，这些又会对身体健康的其他方面产生积极影响，比如心脏健康和体重管理。 但这项运动对身体的高要求不仅有益于身体——拳击对人的心理健康也有积极影响。开放大学体育与健身高级讲师杰西卡·平奇贝克博士表示，拳击“可以缓解焦虑和抑郁的一些症状”。人们早已熟知，定期锻炼对心理健康有益，但拳击还能带来一种自律和专注感。 戴上拳击手套还有第三个好处。当然，练习出拳可以独自进行，但拳击不只是一项个人活动——它还需要与他人合作训练并确保安全。开放大学教育高级讲师加文·威廉姆斯博士说，这种合作和团队精神可以“营造一种身份认同感……和归属感”。所以，无论吸引人们参与拳击的原因是什么，这项运动的互动性意味着它也能带来深远的社交益处。 对身体、心理和社交互动都有益处？难怪越来越多的人走进了拳击台。 【核心词汇】 1. practise 练习 2. mainstream 主流的 3. from all walks of life 来自各行各业 4. physical 身体的 5. mental 思想上的，精神的 6. spar with 与…练拳击 7. face an opponent 面对一名对手 8. in the ring 在拳击台内 9. full-body workout 全身锻炼 10. muscular strength 肌肉力量 11. anaerobic fitness 无氧适能 12. well-being 健康 13. have a positive impact on 有积极的影响 14. alleviate 减轻，缓和 15. symptom 症状 16. discipline 纪律，约束 17. focus 专注力 18. sense of identity 认同感 19. sense of belonging 归属感 20. high physical demands of …对身体素质的高要求 【长难句分析】 Whether it’s practising with a punching bag, sparring with a partner or facing an opponent in the ring, boxing can be an intense form of exercise and give a full - body workout. 分析：本句中Whether it’s practising with a punching bag, sparring with a partner or facing an opponent in the ring是让步状语从句，其中practising with a punching bag、sparring with a partner、facing an opponent in the ring由or连接，作并列的表语；boxing是主语，can be和can give是并列谓语，an intense form of exercise和a full - body workout分别是对应的宾语。 翻译：无论是和沙袋练习、与搭档进行对练，还是在拳击台上面对对手，拳击都可以是一种高强度的锻炼方式，能让人进行全身锻炼。 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 We all know that exercise is good for our body. It helps us build a strong heart and keep a healthy weight. But did you know that exercise is also great for your brain? Recent studies show that physical activity can actually change the brain in some amazing ways, making us think better and feel happier. The first change is about the brain’s ability to learn and remember. When we exercise, our heart sends more blood to the brain, carrying oxygen and important food. This helps the brain cells grow and become stronger. Scientists have found that a part of the brain called the hippocampus(海马体), which is very important for memory, gets larger in people who exercise often. This means these people may find it easier to learn new things and get higher scores on tests. Besides a better memory, exercise is also a powerful way to improve our mood. During and after physical activity, the brain produces more “feel-good” chemicals. These natural brain chemicals help to reduce feelings of worry and stress. You don’t need to run a long way to get the result. Even a short walk or some simple sports can make you feel more relaxed and happy. So, how can you add more exercise to your life? You don’t have to be an athlete. The key is to find an activity you enjoy. It could be walking or riding a bike to school, joining a dance club, or just playing ball games with friends in the park. Try to be active for at least 30 minutes most days. In short, exercise is not just about building a healthy body. It is also one of the most effective ways to build a healthier, happier, and smarter brain. Next time you need a break from study, perhaps going out for some exercise is the best choice. 1. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Exercise is the best way to build a strong body. B. Exercise has great effects on the brain as it does on the body. C. Students should spend more time playing sports. D. The hippocampus is the most important part of the brain. 2. According to Paragraph 2, how does exercise help us learn better? A. By making us feel happier and more relaxed. B. By helping brain cells grow stronger in the hippocampus. C. By allowing the heart to send less blood to the brain. D. By making us want to learn new things. 3. How does exercise help to improve our mood? A. By bringing more blood and oxygen to the brain during physical activity. B. By helping our brain learn new things and remember information better. C. By making the hippocampus, an important part for memory, become larger. D. By producing natural brain chemicals that reduce feelings of worry and stress. 4. What does the author suggest for adding exercise to our life? A. We must become excellent athletes. B. We should run a long way every day. C. We need to find an activity we enjoy. D. We have to join a school sports team. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. C 【导语】本文主要介绍了运动对大脑的积极影响，并给出了适当运动的建议，以打造更健康、更快乐、更聪明的大脑。 1. 主旨大意题。文章开头点明运动对身体有益，但随即转折指出运动对大脑也有惊人益处，后续段落分别从记忆和情绪两方面阐述，因此主旨是运动对大脑和身体都有积极影响。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Scientists have found that a part of the brain called the hippocampus (海马体), which is very important for memory, gets larger in people who exercise often. This means these people may find it easier to learn new things (科学家发现，大脑里一个名为海马体的区域对记忆至关重要，经常运动的人群海马体体积会变大，这意味着这些人学习新事物会更加轻松)”可知，运动通过强化海马体相关脑细胞，直接提升学习与记忆能力。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段的“During and after physical activity, the brain produces more “feel-good” chemicals. These natural brain chemicals help to reduce feelings of worry and stress. (在运动期间及运动后，大脑会分泌更多“令人愉悦”的化学物质。这些天然的脑部化学物质有助于减轻焦虑与压力感。)”可知，运动改善情绪的核心机制是分泌能缓解焦虑和压力的天然脑部化学物质。 4. 细节理解题。根据第四段的“You don’t have to be an athlete. The key is to find an activity you enjoy. (你不必成为专业运动员。关键是找到一项你喜欢的运动。)”可知，作者建议普通人坚持运动的核心在于选择自己喜爱的活动。 Passage 2 With the recent discussion about the question of how much exercise is best, the answer often depends on your goals. For heart health, sessions four to five times weekly might be perfect. For mental health? As The Independent reports, scientists believe there’s a pretty specific prescription(处方): Exercising for 45 minutes three to five times a week. Researchers at Yale University and the University of Oxford made the study. They examined 1.2 million subjects who filled out the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey at two-year intervals(间隔时间) between 2011 and 2015. Subjects who didn’t exercise at all had an average of three-and-a-half days per month when they felt mentally unwell — stressed, depressed, or suffering from emotional problems — while those who exercised regularly reported an average of just two days. The study found that having three to five 45-minute sessions of exercise a week was best for reducing the reported problems of feeling stressed or depressed. Exercising for longer periods — some subjects reported more than 90 minutes in the gym — was connected with a drop-off in mental health benefits. Subjects who spent three hours at a time exercising actually reported an increase in depressive symptoms (症状). Researchers also found that the kind of exercise undertaken made a difference. While all kinds of exercise helped, people who took part in team sports promoting social communication described greater self-satisfaction with mental health. Because the study included self-reported outcomes and exercise wasn’t monitored, it’s possible that the subjects could have misread the amount of exercise performed. The study, however, makes a convincing case for a popular opinion: If exercise were a pill, doctors everywhere would be prescribing it. 5. The perfect amount of exercise for a person is usually decided by _______. A. his exercise routine B. what he wants to improve C. his physical condition D. what sports he prefers most 6. What do the numbers in paragraphs 3 show? A. The health benefits of exercise. B. People’s response to hard exercise. C. How exercise influences one’s mental health. D. Why positive attitudes promote one’s exercise. 7. Which of the following sports may bring people more pleasure? A. Tai chi. B. Volleyball. C. Climbing. D. Diving. 8. What may be the reason for the disadvantage of the study? A. Too few participants. B. Its researchers’ personal interests. C. The subjects’ personal judgments. D. Its failure to consider doctors’ suggestions. 【答案】5. B 6. C 7. B 8. C 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了研究表明每周3至5次、每次45分钟运动最有益心理健康，过量运动效果下降，团队运动效果更佳。尽管数据依靠受试者自报，但证实运动对心理有益。 5. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“With the recent discussion about the question of how much exercise is best. The answer often depends on your goals.(随着最近关于多大的运动量是最佳的问题的讨论。答案往往取决于你的目标。)”可知，最佳运动量由个人目标决定，即人们想要提升、改善的方面。 6. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Subjects who didn’t exercise at all had an average of three-and-a-half days per month when they felt mentally unwell — stressed, depressed, or suffering from emotional problems — while those who exercised regularly reported an average of just two days.(那些完全不运动的人每月平均有三天半的时间感到心理不适——如压力大、抑郁或情绪问题；而经常锻炼的人则平均仅有两天。)”可推知，第三段中的数字说明了运动对心理健康的影响。 7. 推理判断题。根据第五段“Researchers also found that the kind of exercise undertaken made a difference. While all kinds of exercise helped, people who took part in team sports promoting social communication described greater self-satisfaction with mental health.(研究人员还发现，人们进行的运动类型会带来不同的效果。虽然各种类型的运动都有帮助，但参与能促进社交交流的团队运动的人在心理健康方面表现出更高的自我满意度。)”可知，能促进社交的团队运动能带来更强的心理满足感。四个选项中只有排球属于团队运动，符合条件。 8. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Because the study included self-reported outcomes and exercise wasn’t monitored, it’s possible that the subjects could have misread the amount of exercise performed.(由于研究采用了自我报告的结果，且未对锻炼时长进行监测，因此受试者可能记错了自身实际的运动量。)”可知，研究的缺陷在于数据为受试者自我汇报、未受监控，依赖个人主观判断，可能存在偏差。 Passage 3 Our bodies weren’t made to sit for hours in a classroom. That may be why many kids struggle to stay focused in school, often losing track of lessons. High-intensity (高强度) break exercises can help students focus better. Just a few minutes of activity improves brain function and learning, new research shows, offering a simple solution for classroom problems. Eric Drollette wondered how little exercise was needed to improve focus. He’s an exercise expert at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. He led a team that designed a nine-minute, high-intensity break exercise program that could be done in a classroom without extra equipment. It uses short periods of heart-beating activity with short breaks in between. For example, high knees, star jumps, jumping jacks, hops and kicks. They described it in Psychology of Sport and Exercise, a leading academic journal. Twenty-five students aged 9 to 12 tried out the program. At Drollette’s lab, they wore a heart rate monitor(监测器) and an EEG hat that recorded brain activity in real time. Then they did the high-intensity break exercises, rode an exercise bike or watched a short video. After each activity, participants did some tests. One test showed five fish in a line on a screen, and kids had to note which direction the center fish faced. Other tests focused on math or language skills. During the fish test, the team noticed a change in what Drollette calls “the uh-oh mechanism” — when you realize you made a mistake. High-intensity exercise reduced that response, suggesting that exercise had made kids’ brains more efficient at processing information. Students also performed better on the language tests after the high-intensity workout. But they did a little worse at math. That could be from tiredness, which tends to affect higher-level thinking tasks, Drollette says. Being active can help with both mental and physical health, says Drollette. His recommendation: “Find opportunities to stand up and get moving, even for a few minutes, to keep your brain sharp and your body healthy.” 9. What is the nine-minute program designed for? A. Helping students get better at focusing. B. Training students’ physical strength. C. Making students more active in sports. D. Assisting students to relax after class. 10. What were the 25 students required to do in Drollette’s lab? A. They only did high-intensity exercise. B. They wore equipment to record brain activity. C. They did tests before doing any activity. D. They watched videos for a long time. 11. What effect did high-intensity break exercise have on students? A. It made students better at math. B. It reduced students’ tiredness. C. It improved students’ language tests. D. It made students’ brains slower. 12. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Short Breaks: A Cure for Students’ Tiredness B. High-Intensity Break Exercises: A Way to Improve Math C. Short Breaks: A Solution to Building Health D. High-Intensity Break Exercises: An Aid for Students’ Focus 【答案】9. A 10. B 11. C 12. D 【导语】文章主要讲述短时高强度课间运动可提升学生专注力，但对数学能力有轻微负面影响。 9. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“High-intensity(高强度) break exercises can help students focus better. Just a few minutes of activity improves brain function and learning, new research shows, offering a simple solution for classroom problems.(高强度课间运动可以帮助学生更好地集中注意力。新研究表明，短短几分钟的运动就能改善大脑功能与学习效率，为课堂专注力难题提供了简便的解决办法。)”和第二段中“Eric Drollette wondered how little exercise was needed to improve focus. He’s an exercise expert at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. He led a team that designed a nine-minute, high-intensity break exercise program that could be done in a classroom without extra equipment.(运动专家埃里克·德洛莱特就职于北卡罗来纳大学格林斯伯勒分校，他想知道提升专注力所需的最短运动时长。他带领团队设计了一套时长九分钟的高强度课间运动方案，无需额外器械，在教室内即可完成。)”可知，该项目旨在帮助学生提升专注力。 10. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“At Drollette’s lab, they wore a heart rate monitor (监测器) and an EEG hat that recorded brain activity in real time.(在德洛莱特的实验室里，他们佩戴心率监测器和脑电图帽，实时记录大脑活动。)”可知，学生需要佩戴记录大脑活动的设备。 11. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Students also performed better on the language tests after the high-intensity workout.(学生们在高强度运动过后，语言测试的表现也变得更好。)”可知，该运动提升了学生语言测试成绩。 12. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“High-intensity (高强度) break exercises can help students focus better.(高强度课间运动可以帮助学生更好地集中注意力。)”可知，全文围绕高强度课间运动助力学生专注力展开。“High-Intensity Break Exercises: An Aid for Students’ Focus(高强度课间运动：学生集中注意力的辅助方法)”符合题意。 Passage 4 Sports and fitness have always been an important part of campus life. Keeping fit through sports not only helps students stay healthy but also improves their study efficiency. However, many students nowadays spend most of their time on study or electronic products, ignoring physical exercise, which leads to problems like poor eyesight and low physical fitness. To solve this problem, many schools have taken a series of measures. They have increased the number of PE classes and organized various sports activities, such as basketball matches, running races and rope skipping competitions. These activities make sports more interesting and attract more students to take part. Besides, some schools have built more sports facilities, like playgrounds, gyms and badminton courts, providing students with better exercise conditions. For students themselves, it’s important to form a good habit of regular exercise. They can choose sports they like according to their own interests: those who like team sports can play basketball or volleyball with classmates; those who prefer individual sports can go jogging, swimming or yoga. Even a 30-minute exercise every day can make a big difference. What’s more, exercising with friends can make the process more enjoyable and help students stick to it for a long time. 13. What problem do many students face now according to the passage? A. They have too many PE classes at school. B. They take part in too many sports activities. C. They pay little attention to physical exercise. D. They have no time to study because of sports. 14. What measures have schools taken to encourage students to do exercise? ①Increased PE classes. ②Organized sports activities. ③Built more sports facilities. ④Asked students to exercise for 2 hours every day. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 15. Which of the following is an individual sport? A. Basketball. B. Volleyball. C. Rope skipping. D. Jogging. 16. What can students do to stick to exercise for a long time? A. Choose the most difficult sports to challenge themselves. B. Exercise alone and don’t talk with others. C. Do exercise with their friends. D. Only exercise on weekends and holidays. 【答案】13. C 14. A 15. D 16. C 【导语】本文主要探讨的是学生忽视体育锻炼的问题以及学校和学生们采取的应对措施。 13. 细节理解题。根据第一段“However, many students nowadays spend most of their time on study or electronic products, ignoring physical exercise, which leads to problems like poor eyesight and low physical fitness. (然而，如今许多学生将大部分时间花在学习或电子产品上，忽视体育锻炼，这导致了视力下降和身体素质低下等问题。)”可知，许多学生现在面临的问题是不太重视体育锻炼。 14. 细节理解题。根据第二段“They have increased the number of PE classes and organized various sports activities, such as basketball matches, running races and rope skipping competitions. (他们增加了体育课的数量并组织了各种体育活动，如篮球比赛、跑步比赛和跳绳比赛。)”以及“Besides, some schools have built more sports facilities, like playgrounds, gyms and badminton courts, providing students with better exercise conditions. (此外，一些学校还修建了更多的体育设施，如操场、健身房和羽毛球场，为学生提供更好的锻炼条件。)”可知，学校采取了增加体育课、组织体育活动和修建体育设施三项措施，文中未提及要求学生每天锻炼2小时。 15. 细节理解题。根据第三段“They can choose sports they like according to their own interests: those who like team sports can play basketball or volleyball with classmates; those who prefer individual sports can go jogging, swimming or yoga. (他们可以根据自己的兴趣选择喜欢的运动：喜欢团队运动的人可以和同学一起打篮球或排球；喜欢个人运动的人可以去慢跑、游泳或做瑜伽。)”可知，慢跑属于个人运动。 16. 细节理解题。根据第三段“What’s more, exercising with friends can make the process more enjoyable and help students stick to it for a long time. (此外，与朋友一起锻炼可以使过程更加愉快，并帮助学生长期坚持。)”可知，学生可以通过与朋友一起锻炼来长期坚持运动。 Passage 5 How to Keep Fit Through Regular Sports Keeping fit is important for everyone, and regular sports are the best way to achieve it. It can not only keep our body healthy but also make our mind active. However, many people don’t know how to choose the right sports and stick to them. Here are some useful tips for you. 1 Different people have different physical conditions and interests. If you are a beginner, you can choose mild sports like walking, jogging or yoga. If you are strong and energetic, you can try more challenging sports such as basketball, running or hiking. Make a fixed exercise schedule.   2 For example, you can exercise for 30 minutes every morning or an hour every evening. A fixed schedule can help you form a good exercise habit and avoid making excuses for not exercising. Pay attention to the combination of exercise and rest. 3 If you exercise too much without enough rest, your body will get tired easily and even get injured. It’s better to take a one-day break after exercising for several days. Keep a balanced diet while doing sports. Sports need energy, so you should eat more nutritious food. 4 Eat more fruits and vegetables for vitamins, and don’t eat too much junk food or sweet food, which is bad for your health and fitness. Be persistent and don’t give up easily. 5 It may take a long time for you to see the effects of sports, such as losing weight or improving physical fitness. If you stick to it for a long time, you will surely get great benefits from regular sports. A. Choose sports suitable for yourself. B. Do sports as much as possible every day. C. Don’t exercise for a long time without stopping. D. Exercise at the same time every day or every week. E. Drink more water to keep your body hydrated during exercise. F. Protein and carbohydrates can provide you with enough energy for sports. G. Many people give up sports because they don’t see immediate effects. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. F 5. G 【导语】文章主要介绍了通过规律运动保持健康的五个实用建议：选择适合自己的运动、制定固定锻炼计划、注意运动与休息结合、保持均衡饮食、坚持不懈。 1. 由下文“Different people have different physical conditions and interests. If you are a beginner, you can choose mild sports like walking, jogging or yoga. If you are strong and energetic, you can try more challenging sports such as basketball, running or hiking. (不同的人有不同的身体条件和兴趣。如果你是初学者，可以选择散步、慢跑或瑜伽等温和运动。如果你强壮且精力充沛，可以尝试篮球、跑步或徒步等更具挑战性的运动。)”可知，本段主要讲根据自身情况选择合适的运动，A选项“Choose sports suitable for yourself. (选择适合自己的运动。)”能引出下文，符合题意，该选项作为小标题，与上下文的“Make a fixed exercise schedule”等保持一致的祈使句结构，且该选项中的“suitable for yourself”与下文的“Different people have different physical conditions and interests”以及针对不同人群的运动建议相呼应，表示根据个人条件选择运动。 2. 由上文“Make a fixed exercise schedule. (制定固定的锻炼时间表。)”以及下文“For example, you can exercise for 30 minutes every morning or an hour every evening. A fixed schedule can help you form a good exercise habit and avoid making excuses for not exercising. (例如，你可以每天早上锻炼30分钟或每天晚上锻炼一小时。固定的时间表可以帮助你养成良好的锻炼习惯，避免为不锻炼找借口。)”可知，本空要说固定时间锻炼的具体做法，D选项“Exercise at the same time every day or every week. (每天或每周在同一时间锻炼。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“at the same time”与上文的“fixed exercise schedule”和下文的“every morning or an hour every evening”相呼应，且该选项中的“every day or every week”与下文的“A fixed schedule”相呼应，表示固定时间锻炼有助于养成习惯。 3. 由上文“Pay attention to the combination of exercise and rest. (注意运动与休息的结合。)”以及下文“If you exercise too much without enough rest, your body will get tired easily and even get injured. It’s better to take a one-day break after exercising for several days. (如果你运动过多而没有足够休息，你的身体很容易疲劳甚至受伤。最好运动几天后就休息一天。)”可知，本空要说不要长时间不停歇地运动，C选项“Don’t exercise for a long time without stopping. (不要长时间不停地运动。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“without stopping”与上文的“combination of exercise and rest”形成对比，且该选项中的“for a long time without stopping”与下文的“exercise too much without enough rest”和“take a one-day break”相呼应，表示运动需要适度休息。 4. 由上文“Keep a balanced diet while doing sports. Sports need energy, so you should eat more nutritious food. (运动时保持均衡饮食。运动需要能量，所以你应该多吃有营养的食物。)”以及下文“Eat more fruits and vegetables for vitamins, and don’t eat too much junk food or sweet food, which is bad for your health and fitness. (多吃水果和蔬菜补充维生素，不要吃太多垃圾食品或甜食，这对你的健康和健身有害。)”可知，本空要说具体哪些营养能提供能量，F选项“Protein and carbohydrates can provide you with enough energy for sports. (蛋白质和碳水化合物可以为你提供足够的运动能量。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“Protein and carbohydrates”与上文的“nutritious food”相呼应，且该选项中的“provide you with enough energy for sports”与上文的“Sports need energy”相呼应，表示具体说明运动所需的营养来源。 5. 由上文“Be persistent and don’t give up easily. (坚持不懈，不要轻易放弃。)”以及下文“It may take a long time for you to see the effects of sports, such as losing weight or improving physical fitness. (你可能需要很长时间才能看到运动的效果，比如减肥或提高身体素质。)”可知，本空要说很多人放弃的原因，G选项“Many people give up sports because they don’t see immediate effects. (许多人放弃运动是因为他们看不到立竿见影的效果。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“give up sports”与上文的“don’t give up easily”形成对比，且该选项中的“don’t see immediate effects”与下文的“It may take a long time for you to see the effects”相呼应，表示正因为看不到即时效果才容易放弃，所以要坚持。 Passage 6 I knew exercise is good for health — who doesn’t? But 1 were easier. Running bored me, biking sounded risky, and the gym seemed too much to handle. Each offered me a reason to 2 it, so I did. When I worked in Kenya, I came to realize that people there don’t “ 3 ” the way I had thought. Instead, they move — with a clear 4 in mind. They move to reach a destination. They move to hunt and to tend crops. There is no such thing as a 5 , but they are working out 24-7. Maybe I could take 6 from these people and add meaning to my exercising. So, I started my 7 program: “chicken-cising,” with 15 baby chicks and a book on 8 backyard chickens. It turned out that caring for the flightless birds was quite 9 — a full-body workout involving bending, squatting(深蹲), weightlifting and running around. One weekend, my e-watch 10 as many as 145 squats and 10,506 steps! I ended up in better shape than expected and found extra 11 that no gym workout can provide. First, quitting is not a(n) 12 : You can’t put on your “chicken-cise” clothes, sit for a while, and then simply decide not to 13 , especially when your feathered friends depend on you to survive. Second, you have unbeatable workout partners, who 14 respond to your appearance with encouragement. Bah-Baaaahk! What’s more? Fresh-from-the-hen eggs! Turning every breakfast into a celebration of my new lifestyle with the best eggs, “chicken-cising” taught me that movement doesn’t need a gym — it needs 15 . 1. A. actions B. excuses C. examples D. answers 2. A. approach B. manage C. avoid D. bear 3. A. change B. live C. travel D. exercise 4. A. purpose B. message C. order D. request 5. A. role B. problem C. gym D. village 6. A. time B. inspiration C. comfort D. pleasure 7. A. escape B. diet C. charity D. fitness 8. A. cooking B. raising C. drawing D. protecting 9. A. demanding B. confusing C. amusing D. touching 10. A. meant B. took C. rang D. read 11. A. rules B. pressure C. benefits D. responsibility 12. A. choice B. pain C. must D. error 13. A. step aside B. show off C. turn up D. give in 14. A. angrily B. cheerfully C. patiently D. carefully 15. A. courage B. talent C. attention D. meaning 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 【导语】文章讲述了作者明知运动有益健康，却总找借口逃避运动，在肯尼亚工作期间，看到当地人带着明确目的日常劳作、自然运动，深受启发，于是开启“养鸡健身”的独特方式，最终领悟到：运动不必拘泥于健身房，关键在于赋予其意义。 1. 考查名词。句意：但找借口却容易得多。A. actions行动；B. excuses借口；C. examples例子；D. answers答案。根据上文“I knew exercise is good for health — who doesn’t?”作者明知运动有益，以及下文“Running bored me, biking sounded risky, and the gym seemed too much to handle”作者列举各类运动的缺点可知，作者总轻易找推脱运动的借口。 2. 考查动词。句意：每一项运动都让我有理由去避开它，我也确实这么做了。A. approach靠近；B. manage管理；C. avoid避开；D. bear忍受。根据上文“Running bored me, biking sounded risky, and the gym seemed too much to handle”作者嫌弃跑步无聊、骑行有风险、去健身房麻烦的心态，以及下文“so I did”可知，作者借着这些理由躲开运动。 3. 考查动词。句意：在肯尼亚工作时，我意识到那里的人们并不像我所想的那样刻意锻炼身体。A. change改变；B. live生活；C. travel旅行；D. exercise锻炼。根据下文“Instead, they move”以及“They move to reach a destination. They move to hunt and to tend crops”可知，当地人不会像作者一样刻意去锻炼，而是通过日常劳作自然运动。 4. 考查名词。句意：相反，他们的日常活动都心怀明确的目的。A. purpose目的；B. message信息；C. order命令；D. request要求。根据下文“They move to reach a destination. They move to hunt and to tend crops”可知，当地人的每一次行动都有实际的目标和缘由。 5. 考查名词。句意：当地没有健身房，但他们无时无刻不在活动健身。A. role角色；B. problem问题；C. gym健身房；D. village村庄。结合上文作者原本抵触去健身房运动，以及当地人通过劳作健身的生活状态，并根据下文“but they are working out 24-7”的转折可知，当地没有专门的健身场馆。 6. 考查名词。句意：或许我可以从这些人身上汲取灵感，给自己的运动赋予意义。A. time时间；B. inspiration灵感；C. comfort安慰；D. pleasure快乐。根据上文作者看到当地人运动的方式深受触动，以及下文“from these people and add meaning to my exercising”可知，作者想要从当地人身上汲取灵感。 7. 考查名词。句意：于是，我开启了自己的健身计划：“养鸡健身”，养了15只雏鸡，还买了一本关于在家庭后院养鸡的书。A. escape逃避；B. diet饮食；C. charity慈善；D. fitness健身。根据下文“a full-body workout involving bending, squatting, weightlifting and running around”可知，“养鸡”对作者而言是一种健身方式，因此这是作者的健身计划。 8. 考查动词。句意：于是，我开启了自己的健身计划：“养鸡健身”，养了15只雏鸡，还买了一本关于在家庭后院养鸡的书。A. cooking烹饪；B. raising饲养；C. drawing绘画；D. protecting保护。根据下文“caring for the flightless birds”作者照料小鸡的内容可知，此处指饲养小鸡。 9. 考查形容词。句意：事实证明，照料这些不会飞的小鸡十分耗费体力——这是一种全身运动，包括弯腰、深蹲、负重和四处跑动。A. demanding费力的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. amusing有趣的；D. touching感人的。根据下文“a full-body workout involving bending, squatting, weightlifting and running around”可知，照料小鸡包含多种运动动作，运动量很大、十分耗费精力。 10. 考查动词。句意：某个周末，我的电子手表显示我完成了多达145次深蹲，步数达到10506步！A. meant意味着；B. took花费；C. rang响起；D. read显示。根据上文“my e-watch”并结合生活常识可知，电子手表、运动手环可以记录并显示运动数据，此处指手表上显示的运动数值。 11. 考查名词。句意：我的身材变得比预想中更好，还收获了健身房运动无法给予的额外益处。A. rules规则；B. pressure压力；C. benefits益处；D. responsibility责任。根据上文“I ended up in better shape than expected and found extra”并结合下文“that no gym workout can provide”等内容可知，这些都是“养鸡健身”带来的额外好处。 12. 考查名词。句意：首先，放弃不再是一种选择：你不能换上“养鸡健身”的衣服，静坐片刻，就轻易决定不去露面照料小鸡，尤其是当你这些毛茸茸的小伙伴依赖你生存的时候。A. choice选择；B. pain痛苦；C. must必需品；D. error错误。根据下文“your feathered friends depend on you to survive”可知，小鸡需要作者的照料，作者无法随意停下这项运动，不能轻易选择放弃。 13. 考查动词短语。句意：首先，放弃不再是一种选择：你不能换上“养鸡健身”的衣服，静坐片刻，就轻易决定不去露面照料小鸡，尤其是当你这些毛茸茸的小伙伴依赖你生存的时候。A. step aside退让；B. show off炫耀；C. turn up露面；D. give in屈服。根据下文“especially when your feathered friends depend on you to survive”并结合语境可知，此处指不能不去照料小鸡、不出面完成日常的照料工作。 14. 考查副词。句意：其次，你拥有无与伦比的运动伙伴，它们见到你就会欢快地回应，给予你鼓励。“咯咯咯——！”A. angrily生气地；B. cheerfully欢快地；C. patiently耐心地；D. carefully小心地。根据下文“Bah-Baaaahk!”小鸡欢快的叫声，以及轻松温馨的氛围可知，小鸡会欢快地回应作者的出现。 15. 考查名词。句意：“养鸡健身”让我明白，运动不必局限在健身房里——它需要的是意义。A. courage勇气；B. talent天赋；C. attention注意力；D. meaning意义。根据上文“Maybe I could take from these people and add meaning to my exercising”作者想要给运动赋予意义，结合全文主旨可知，运动最关键的不是场地，而是拥有内在的意义。 Passage 7 Running is good for your health. It may not only help you get into shape, but also help you live longer. According to research that 1 (do) in the US recently, runners are usually much 2 (healthy) than non-runners. Actually, runners live, on average, three years longer than non-runners. Running may be good exercise, but it can be difficult on the body. Here 3 (be) some commonly shared ideas among fitness experts for people running often. Do not run too much, too soon or too fast. Your running intensity(强度) should keep up 4 your recovery level. Most people get running injuries when they push 5 (they) too hard. It will take time 6 (recover) fully. Get good running shoes. You should find the shoes 7 offer the best fit and support for your feet. It is also the reason why you should have a new pair of shoes on a regular basis, every 500 to 800 kilometers. After each run, write down notes about what you did and 8 you felt. You may find that your knees hurt when you run sometimes. Or perhaps you feel great and 9 (power) when you have a rest between running days. These notes will 10 (obvious) make a difference to your following running plans. 【答案】 1. has been done 2. healthier 3. are 4. with 5. themselves 6. to recover 7. that/which 8. how 9. powerful 10. obviously 【导语】主要介绍跑步对健康的益处，同时给出健身专家提供的几条科学跑步、预防运动损伤的实用建议。 1. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：根据美国近期开展的一项研究，跑步的人通常比不跑步的人健康得多。此处为定语从句的谓语动词，先行词research与do为被动关系；根据时间状语recently可知，用现在完成时，research为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为has been done。 2. 考查形容词比较级。句意：根据美国近期开展的一项研究，跑步的人通常比不跑步的人健康得多。句中有比较级标志词than，much用来修饰比较级，healthy的比较级为healthier。 3. 考查主谓一致。句意：下面是健身专家们给经常跑步的人们提出的一些普遍共识。本句为倒装句，主语some commonly shared ideas是复数，句子为一般现在时，be动词用are。 4. 考查介词。句意：你的跑步强度应当与自身恢复水平相匹配。此处为固定搭配keep up with，意为“跟上、与……保持同步”，所以此处为介词with。 5. 考查反身代词。句意：大多数人在过度逼迫自己的时候会出现跑步损伤。主语与宾语指代同一群人，需要使用反身代词themselves。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：身体需要一段时间才能完全恢复。此处为固定句型It will take time to do sth，it作形式主语，真正主语为动词不定式，所以用to recover。 7. 考查定语从句。句意：你应当选择最贴合双脚、能给双脚良好支撑的跑鞋。先行词为the shoes，指代事物，关系词在从句中作主语，可用that或which。 8. 考查宾语从句。句意：每次跑完步后，记录下你的运动内容与身体感受。此处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，意为“如何、怎样”，所以用连接副词how。故填how。 9. 考查形容词。句意：又或许在连续跑步的日子间隙休息时，你会感到身心舒畅、充满力量。此处与great并列作表语，需要形容词，power对应的形容词为powerful。 10. 考查副词。句意：这些记录显然会对你后续的跑步计划产生重要作用。此处修饰动词make，需要副词作状语，obvious对应的副词为obviously，意为“显然”。 Passage 8 When 11 (head) to your workout, there are a few things that most gym members always bring with them: a water bottle, a towel, the appropriate shoes, and their headphones. For many gym members, their headphones are the most crucial part of their workouts. 12 them, they might not even exercise. As you can see, music is an essential part of most people’s fitness routines. If someone forgets their water bottle, they’ll probably still do their workout, 13 if they forget their headphones, they will turn around immediately, grab them, and then go workout. Music is that important to people. However, that might be a good thing. Studies have found that it has the power 14 (improve) your workout. Some experts believe that music acts as a distractor. Distractors are known to moderate(缓和) pain levels, 15 means you will be less likely to notice pain during a workout. Those not listening to music might experience the intensity of their exercise more, 16 (feel) more tired or sore while exercising. Those listening to music will 17 (distract) by it and might not notice any discomfort or strain on their body. Music distracts from the pain you endure(忍受) during a workout through competing stimuli(刺激物), meaning both music and 18 pain from your exercise are competing against each other. It’s easier to forget about or ignore pain or fatigue when you’re distracted by a song. A study 19 (find) that music not only increased your work capacity, but it also delayed feelings of fatigue. 20 (additional), we mentioned how it is an excellent distractor, keeping your mind off of the fatigue and pain you are feeling. 【答案】 11. heading 12. Without 13. but 14. to improve 15. which 16. feeling 17. be distracted 18. the 19. found 20. Additionally 【导语】文章主要说明了健身人士大多必带耳机，音乐对锻炼至关重要。它能转移痛感、延缓疲劳、提升运动耐力，借助双重刺激减轻身体不适感，优化健身效果。 11. 考查状语从句的省略。句意：去健身房锻炼时，大多数会员总会带上几样东西：水瓶、毛巾、合适的鞋子和耳机。此处head与与其逻辑主语members构成主动关系，完整结构为：When most gym members are heading to...，省略主语+be动词，故用现在分词形式。 12. 考查介词。句意：没有它们，他们可能甚至都不会运动。表示“没有”用介词without，首字母大写。 13. 考查连词。句意：如果有人忘记带水瓶，他们可能还是会去锻炼，但如果忘记耳机，他们就会立刻转身去拿，然后继续锻炼。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，故用连词but。 14. 考查非谓语动词。句意：研究表明，它有助于提升你的锻炼效果。此处作后置定语修饰抽象名词power，应用improve“提升”的不定式形式。 15. 考查定语从句。句意：已知干扰物可以减轻疼痛程度，这意味着你在锻炼时不太可能察觉到疼痛。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，指物，故用which。 16. 考查非谓语动词。句意：不听音乐的人在锻炼时可能会感觉更剧烈，运动后更容易感到疲劳或肌肉酸痛。空格处作伴随状语，feel与其逻辑主语Those是主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语，表主句动作发生时同步产生的状态。 17. 考查语态。句意：听音乐的人会被音乐所转移注意力，可能不会察觉到身体上的不适或紧张。此处主语Those listening to music与distract“使分心，使转移注意力”构成被动关系，使用被动语态，will后跟动词原形。 18. 考查冠词。句意：音乐通过竞争性刺激分散了你在锻炼过程中所承受的疼痛，也就是说，音乐和运动带来的疼痛相互抵消。此处pain为特指，指在锻炼过程中所承受的疼痛，用定冠词the。 19. 考查时态。句意：一项研究发现，音乐不仅能提高工作能力，还能延缓疲劳感。根据后文 increased和delayed可知，句子时态为一般过去时，主句谓语动词find“发现”使用过去式found。 20. 考查副词。句意：此外，我们还提到它是一种出色的分心工具，能让你的注意力从感到的疲劳和疼痛中转移开。修饰后文句子用副词additionally“此外”，首字母大写。 迁移应用篇 一、根据提示完成句子 1. 作为本报的忠实读者之一，首先我谨表示衷心的祝贺。 ________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 它涵盖了各种主题，从诗歌到科幻小说，这拓宽了我们的视野。 ________________________________________________________________________________. 3. Youth Viewpoint这个栏目最受我们这些学生的欢迎，它鼓励我们发表我们的观点。 ________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 对我而言，阅读时我会忘记一切烦恼，从而放松了自己。(状语从句的省略) ________________________________________________________________________________. 5. 我认为Youth在未来会给读者带来更多的惊喜并且更受欢迎。 ________________________________________________________________________________. 6. 根据中文提示，完成以下语段。 一只熊正在附近湖边玩耍。他嗅到了我们的面包的气味，然后他靠着他的嗅觉到了我们的位置。他太饿了，似乎马上就会把我们吞下去。太恐怖了！突然，我想到了一个好主意。我打算用面包来阻止他的攻击。我把面包尽可能地扔向远处。这确实有效了。熊毫不犹豫地朝面包方向跑去。应我们的要求，直升机很快就到了。我们满意地爬了进去。这真是一次可怕而宝贵的经历。 A bear was playing beside ①________________. He sniffed the smell of our bread, and then he ②________________. He was ③________________ that it seemed that he would swallow us in a minute. How terrible! Suddenly, a good idea ④________________. I intended to use the bread ⑤________________. I threw the bread as far as I could. It did work. The bear ⑥________________________. ⑦________________, the helicopter soon arrived. ⑧________________________. It was a horrible and precious experience. 【答案】 1. As one of the faithful readers of this newspaper, firstly I would like to offer/express/send my sincere congratulations. 2. It covers a variety of topics, ranging from poems to science fiction, which broaden our horizon. 3. Youth Viewpoint is the most popular with us students, which inspires us to present our views. 4. For me, while reading, I will always forget all my troubles and relax myself. 5. I assume that Youth will bring more surprise to its readers and enjoy more popularity. 6.①a nearby lake; ②followed his nose to our position; ③so hungry; ④occurred to me ⑤to prevent his attack ⑥didn’t hesitate to run to the bread; ⑦In response to our request; ⑧We climbed into it with satisfaction 二、应用文写作 假定你是李华，你的外国好友Tom近期来信说他缺乏运动、身体状态不佳，希望你能给他一些关于体育健康的实用建议，帮助他养成良好的运动习惯。请你根据以下提示给他写一封回信， 内容包括： 1. 建议他从简单的运动入手（如慢跑jogging、跳绳rope skipping等）； 2. 建议他结合自身情况制定运动计划。 注意： 1. 词数80-100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Tom, Hearing that you’ve been feeling out of shape lately, I’m writing to share some practical tips to help you get back on track. For one thing, start with gentle activities like jogging or rope skipping, which are easy to stick with and won’t tire you easily. For another, draw up an exercise plan that fits your schedule. For instance, if you’re swamped with schoolwork, just set aside twenty minutes after class for a quick workout. Sticking to regular exercise, you will gradually become full of energy. Hope you bounce back soon! Yours,  Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份给好友Tom回信，针对他缺乏运动、身体状况不佳的问题，给出循序渐进开展轻度运动、结合自身时间制定运动计划两条建议。 【详解】 1.词汇积累 温和的：gentle → moderate 使疲惫：tire → exhaust 符合：fit → tailor to 被淹没：be swamped with → be overwhelmed with 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：For instance, if you’re swamped with schoolwork, just set aside twenty minutes after class for a quick workout. 拓展句：For example, if you’re overwhelmed with schoolwork, simply spare twenty minutes following your classes for a brief exercise session. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】Hearing that you’ve been feeling out of shape lately, I’m writing to share some practical tips to help you get back on track.(运用了现在分词短语作原因状语，that引导的宾语从句和动词不定式短语作目的状语) 【高分句型2】For one thing, start with gentle activities like jogging or rope skipping, which are easy to stick with and won’t tire you easily.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) ( 18 / 18 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy 外刊拓展提升(多题型专练) 识·单元要点概览 读·外刊拓展阅读 (China Daily《中国日报》) The benefits of boxing Boxing has been practised for centuries – it was even one of the sports in the original Olympic Games in ancient Greece. More recently, boxing has become mainstream in the UK, with hundreds of thousands of people from all walks of life participating in the sport every week. But why? The answer lies in the physical, mental and even social benefits boxing can bring. Its physical benefits are clear. Whether it’s practising with a punching bag, sparring with a partner or facing an opponent in the ring, boxing can be an intense form of exercise and give a full-body workout. It can improve muscular strength, and it can also increase anaerobic fitness – allowing someone to work out harder, for longer. These can, in turn, have a positive impact on other aspects of physical well-being, like heart health and weight management. But the high physical demands of the sport aren’t just good for the body – boxing can also have a positive impact on someone’s mental well-being. Dr Jessica Pinchbeck, Senior Lecturer in Sport and Fitness at the Open University, says that boxing ‘can alleviate some of the symptoms of anxiety and depression’. Exercising regularly is already widely known to be good for mental health, but boxing can also bring a sense of discipline and focus. And there is a third benefit to putting on the boxing gloves. Practising punches can be done alone, of course, but boxing is not just an individual activity – it also involves working with others to train and stay safe. Dr Gavin Williams, Senior Lecturer in Education at the Open University, says that this cooperation and teamwork can ‘create a sense of identity… and belonging’. So, no matter what the reason that attracts someone to boxing, the interactive elements of the sport, mean it can also have profound social benefits.  Good for body, mind and social interactions? It’s not surprising that more and more people are stepping into the ring. 【全文翻译】 拳击的益处 拳击运动已存在了数个世纪——它甚至是古希腊原始奥运会的比赛项目之一。近些年来，拳击在英国已成为一项主流运动，每周都有成千上万来自各行各业的人参与其中。但这是为什么呢？答案就在于拳击能带来的身体、心理乃至社交方面的益处。 它在身体方面的益处显而易见。无论是对着沙袋练习、与搭档进行对练还是在拳击台上直面对手，拳击都是一种高强度的锻炼方式，可以让全身得到锻炼。它能增强肌肉力量，还能提高无氧运动能力，让人可以更卖力、更持久地锻炼。反过来，这些又会对身体健康的其他方面产生积极影响，比如心脏健康和体重管理。 但这项运动对身体的高要求不仅有益于身体——拳击对人的心理健康也有积极影响。开放大学体育与健身高级讲师杰西卡·平奇贝克博士表示，拳击“可以缓解焦虑和抑郁的一些症状”。人们早已熟知，定期锻炼对心理健康有益，但拳击还能带来一种自律和专注感。 戴上拳击手套还有第三个好处。当然，练习出拳可以独自进行，但拳击不只是一项个人活动——它还需要与他人合作训练并确保安全。开放大学教育高级讲师加文·威廉姆斯博士说，这种合作和团队精神可以“营造一种身份认同感……和归属感”。所以，无论吸引人们参与拳击的原因是什么，这项运动的互动性意味着它也能带来深远的社交益处。 对身体、心理和社交互动都有益处？难怪越来越多的人走进了拳击台。 【核心词汇】 1. practise 练习 2. mainstream 主流的 3. from all walks of life 来自各行各业 4. physical 身体的 5. mental 思想上的，精神的 6. spar with 与…练拳击 7. face an opponent 面对一名对手 8. in the ring 在拳击台内 9. full-body workout 全身锻炼 10. muscular strength 肌肉力量 11. anaerobic fitness 无氧适能 12. well-being 健康 13. have a positive impact on 有积极的影响 14. alleviate 减轻，缓和 15. symptom 症状 16. discipline 纪律，约束 17. focus 专注力 18. sense of identity 认同感 19. sense of belonging 归属感 20. high physical demands of …对身体素质的高要求 【长难句分析】 Whether it’s practising with a punching bag, sparring with a partner or facing an opponent in the ring, boxing can be an intense form of exercise and give a full - body workout. 分析：本句中Whether it’s practising with a punching bag, sparring with a partner or facing an opponent in the ring是让步状语从句，其中practising with a punching bag、sparring with a partner、facing an opponent in the ring由or连接，作并列的表语；boxing是主语，can be和can give是并列谓语，an intense form of exercise和a full - body workout分别是对应的宾语。 翻译：无论是和沙袋练习、与搭档进行对练，还是在拳击台上面对对手，拳击都可以是一种高强度的锻炼方式，能让人进行全身锻炼。 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 We all know that exercise is good for our body. It helps us build a strong heart and keep a healthy weight. But did you know that exercise is also great for your brain? Recent studies show that physical activity can actually change the brain in some amazing ways, making us think better and feel happier. The first change is about the brain’s ability to learn and remember. When we exercise, our heart sends more blood to the brain, carrying oxygen and important food. This helps the brain cells grow and become stronger. Scientists have found that a part of the brain called the hippocampus(海马体), which is very important for memory, gets larger in people who exercise often. This means these people may find it easier to learn new things and get higher scores on tests. Besides a better memory, exercise is also a powerful way to improve our mood. During and after physical activity, the brain produces more “feel-good” chemicals. These natural brain chemicals help to reduce feelings of worry and stress. You don’t need to run a long way to get the result. Even a short walk or some simple sports can make you feel more relaxed and happy. So, how can you add more exercise to your life? You don’t have to be an athlete. The key is to find an activity you enjoy. It could be walking or riding a bike to school, joining a dance club, or just playing ball games with friends in the park. Try to be active for at least 30 minutes most days. In short, exercise is not just about building a healthy body. It is also one of the most effective ways to build a healthier, happier, and smarter brain. Next time you need a break from study, perhaps going out for some exercise is the best choice. 1. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Exercise is the best way to build a strong body. B. Exercise has great effects on the brain as it does on the body. C. Students should spend more time playing sports. D. The hippocampus is the most important part of the brain. 2. According to Paragraph 2, how does exercise help us learn better? A. By making us feel happier and more relaxed. B. By helping brain cells grow stronger in the hippocampus. C. By allowing the heart to send less blood to the brain. D. By making us want to learn new things. 3. How does exercise help to improve our mood? A. By bringing more blood and oxygen to the brain during physical activity. B. By helping our brain learn new things and remember information better. C. By making the hippocampus, an important part for memory, become larger. D. By producing natural brain chemicals that reduce feelings of worry and stress. 4. What does the author suggest for adding exercise to our life? A. We must become excellent athletes. B. We should run a long way every day. C. We need to find an activity we enjoy. D. We have to join a school sports team. Passage 2 With the recent discussion about the question of how much exercise is best, the answer often depends on your goals. For heart health, sessions four to five times weekly might be perfect. For mental health? As The Independent reports, scientists believe there’s a pretty specific prescription(处方): Exercising for 45 minutes three to five times a week. Researchers at Yale University and the University of Oxford made the study. They examined 1.2 million subjects who filled out the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey at two-year intervals(间隔时间) between 2011 and 2015. Subjects who didn’t exercise at all had an average of three-and-a-half days per month when they felt mentally unwell — stressed, depressed, or suffering from emotional problems — while those who exercised regularly reported an average of just two days. The study found that having three to five 45-minute sessions of exercise a week was best for reducing the reported problems of feeling stressed or depressed. Exercising for longer periods — some subjects reported more than 90 minutes in the gym — was connected with a drop-off in mental health benefits. Subjects who spent three hours at a time exercising actually reported an increase in depressive symptoms (症状). Researchers also found that the kind of exercise undertaken made a difference. While all kinds of exercise helped, people who took part in team sports promoting social communication described greater self-satisfaction with mental health. Because the study included self-reported outcomes and exercise wasn’t monitored, it’s possible that the subjects could have misread the amount of exercise performed. The study, however, makes a convincing case for a popular opinion: If exercise were a pill, doctors everywhere would be prescribing it. 5. The perfect amount of exercise for a person is usually decided by _______. A. his exercise routine B. what he wants to improve C. his physical condition D. what sports he prefers most 6. What do the numbers in paragraphs 3 show? A. The health benefits of exercise. B. People’s response to hard exercise. C. How exercise influences one’s mental health. D. Why positive attitudes promote one’s exercise. 7. Which of the following sports may bring people more pleasure? A. Tai chi. B. Volleyball. C. Climbing. D. Diving. 8. What may be the reason for the disadvantage of the study? A. Too few participants. B. Its researchers’ personal interests. C. The subjects’ personal judgments. D. Its failure to consider doctors’ suggestions. Passage 3 Our bodies weren’t made to sit for hours in a classroom. That may be why many kids struggle to stay focused in school, often losing track of lessons. High-intensity (高强度) break exercises can help students focus better. Just a few minutes of activity improves brain function and learning, new research shows, offering a simple solution for classroom problems. Eric Drollette wondered how little exercise was needed to improve focus. He’s an exercise expert at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. He led a team that designed a nine-minute, high-intensity break exercise program that could be done in a classroom without extra equipment. It uses short periods of heart-beating activity with short breaks in between. For example, high knees, star jumps, jumping jacks, hops and kicks. They described it in Psychology of Sport and Exercise, a leading academic journal. Twenty-five students aged 9 to 12 tried out the program. At Drollette’s lab, they wore a heart rate monitor(监测器) and an EEG hat that recorded brain activity in real time. Then they did the high-intensity break exercises, rode an exercise bike or watched a short video. After each activity, participants did some tests. One test showed five fish in a line on a screen, and kids had to note which direction the center fish faced. Other tests focused on math or language skills. During the fish test, the team noticed a change in what Drollette calls “the uh-oh mechanism” — when you realize you made a mistake. High-intensity exercise reduced that response, suggesting that exercise had made kids’ brains more efficient at processing information. Students also performed better on the language tests after the high-intensity workout. But they did a little worse at math. That could be from tiredness, which tends to affect higher-level thinking tasks, Drollette says. Being active can help with both mental and physical health, says Drollette. His recommendation: “Find opportunities to stand up and get moving, even for a few minutes, to keep your brain sharp and your body healthy.” 9. What is the nine-minute program designed for? A. Helping students get better at focusing. B. Training students’ physical strength. C. Making students more active in sports. D. Assisting students to relax after class. 10. What were the 25 students required to do in Drollette’s lab? A. They only did high-intensity exercise. B. They wore equipment to record brain activity. C. They did tests before doing any activity. D. They watched videos for a long time. 11. What effect did high-intensity break exercise have on students? A. It made students better at math. B. It reduced students’ tiredness. C. It improved students’ language tests. D. It made students’ brains slower. 12. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Short Breaks: A Cure for Students’ Tiredness B. High-Intensity Break Exercises: A Way to Improve Math C. Short Breaks: A Solution to Building Health D. High-Intensity Break Exercises: An Aid for Students’ Focus Passage 4 Sports and fitness have always been an important part of campus life. Keeping fit through sports not only helps students stay healthy but also improves their study efficiency. However, many students nowadays spend most of their time on study or electronic products, ignoring physical exercise, which leads to problems like poor eyesight and low physical fitness. To solve this problem, many schools have taken a series of measures. They have increased the number of PE classes and organized various sports activities, such as basketball matches, running races and rope skipping competitions. These activities make sports more interesting and attract more students to take part. Besides, some schools have built more sports facilities, like playgrounds, gyms and badminton courts, providing students with better exercise conditions. For students themselves, it’s important to form a good habit of regular exercise. They can choose sports they like according to their own interests: those who like team sports can play basketball or volleyball with classmates; those who prefer individual sports can go jogging, swimming or yoga. Even a 30-minute exercise every day can make a big difference. What’s more, exercising with friends can make the process more enjoyable and help students stick to it for a long time. 13. What problem do many students face now according to the passage? A. They have too many PE classes at school. B. They take part in too many sports activities. C. They pay little attention to physical exercise. D. They have no time to study because of sports. 14. What measures have schools taken to encourage students to do exercise? ①Increased PE classes. ②Organized sports activities. ③Built more sports facilities. ④Asked students to exercise for 2 hours every day. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 15. Which of the following is an individual sport? A. Basketball. B. Volleyball. C. Rope skipping. D. Jogging. 16. What can students do to stick to exercise for a long time? A. Choose the most difficult sports to challenge themselves. B. Exercise alone and don’t talk with others. C. Do exercise with their friends. D. Only exercise on weekends and holidays. Passage 5 How to Keep Fit Through Regular Sports Keeping fit is important for everyone, and regular sports are the best way to achieve it. It can not only keep our body healthy but also make our mind active. However, many people don’t know how to choose the right sports and stick to them. Here are some useful tips for you. 1 Different people have different physical conditions and interests. If you are a beginner, you can choose mild sports like walking, jogging or yoga. If you are strong and energetic, you can try more challenging sports such as basketball, running or hiking. Make a fixed exercise schedule.   2 For example, you can exercise for 30 minutes every morning or an hour every evening. A fixed schedule can help you form a good exercise habit and avoid making excuses for not exercising. Pay attention to the combination of exercise and rest. 3 If you exercise too much without enough rest, your body will get tired easily and even get injured. It’s better to take a one-day break after exercising for several days. Keep a balanced diet while doing sports. Sports need energy, so you should eat more nutritious food. 4 Eat more fruits and vegetables for vitamins, and don’t eat too much junk food or sweet food, which is bad for your health and fitness. Be persistent and don’t give up easily. 5 It may take a long time for you to see the effects of sports, such as losing weight or improving physical fitness. If you stick to it for a long time, you will surely get great benefits from regular sports. A. Choose sports suitable for yourself. B. Do sports as much as possible every day. C. Don’t exercise for a long time without stopping. D. Exercise at the same time every day or every week. E. Drink more water to keep your body hydrated during exercise. F. Protein and carbohydrates can provide you with enough energy for sports. G. Many people give up sports because they don’t see immediate effects. Passage 6 I knew exercise is good for health — who doesn’t? But 1 were easier. Running bored me, biking sounded risky, and the gym seemed too much to handle. Each offered me a reason to 2 it, so I did. When I worked in Kenya, I came to realize that people there don’t “ 3 ” the way I had thought. Instead, they move — with a clear 4 in mind. They move to reach a destination. They move to hunt and to tend crops. There is no such thing as a 5 , but they are working out 24-7. Maybe I could take 6 from these people and add meaning to my exercising. So, I started my 7 program: “chicken-cising,” with 15 baby chicks and a book on 8 backyard chickens. It turned out that caring for the flightless birds was quite 9 — a full-body workout involving bending, squatting(深蹲), weightlifting and running around. One weekend, my e-watch 10 as many as 145 squats and 10,506 steps! I ended up in better shape than expected and found extra 11 that no gym workout can provide. First, quitting is not a(n) 12 : You can’t put on your “chicken-cise” clothes, sit for a while, and then simply decide not to 13 , especially when your feathered friends depend on you to survive. Second, you have unbeatable workout partners, who 14 respond to your appearance with encouragement. Bah-Baaaahk! What’s more? Fresh-from-the-hen eggs! Turning every breakfast into a celebration of my new lifestyle with the best eggs, “chicken-cising” taught me that movement doesn’t need a gym — it needs 15 . 1. A. actions B. excuses C. examples D. answers 2. A. approach B. manage C. avoid D. bear 3. A. change B. live C. travel D. exercise 4. A. purpose B. message C. order D. request 5. A. role B. problem C. gym D. village 6. A. time B. inspiration C. comfort D. pleasure 7. A. escape B. diet C. charity D. fitness 8. A. cooking B. raising C. drawing D. protecting 9. A. demanding B. confusing C. amusing D. touching 10. A. meant B. took C. rang D. read 11. A. rules B. pressure C. benefits D. responsibility 12. A. choice B. pain C. must D. error 13. A. step aside B. show off C. turn up D. give in 14. A. angrily B. cheerfully C. patiently D. carefully 15. A. courage B. talent C. attention D. meaning Passage 7 Running is good for your health. It may not only help you get into shape, but also help you live longer. According to research that 1 (do) in the US recently, runners are usually much 2 (healthy) than non-runners. Actually, runners live, on average, three years longer than non-runners. Running may be good exercise, but it can be difficult on the body. Here 3 (be) some commonly shared ideas among fitness experts for people running often. Do not run too much, too soon or too fast. Your running intensity(强度) should keep up 4 your recovery level. Most people get running injuries when they push 5 (they) too hard. It will take time 6 (recover) fully. Get good running shoes. You should find the shoes 7 offer the best fit and support for your feet. It is also the reason why you should have a new pair of shoes on a regular basis, every 500 to 800 kilometers. After each run, write down notes about what you did and 8 you felt. You may find that your knees hurt when you run sometimes. Or perhaps you feel great and 9 (power) when you have a rest between running days. These notes will 10 (obvious) make a difference to your following running plans. Passage 8 When 11 (head) to your workout, there are a few things that most gym members always bring with them: a water bottle, a towel, the appropriate shoes, and their headphones. For many gym members, their headphones are the most crucial part of their workouts. 12 them, they might not even exercise. As you can see, music is an essential part of most people’s fitness routines. If someone forgets their water bottle, they’ll probably still do their workout, 13 if they forget their headphones, they will turn around immediately, grab them, and then go workout. Music is that important to people. However, that might be a good thing. Studies have found that it has the power 14 (improve) your workout. Some experts believe that music acts as a distractor. Distractors are known to moderate(缓和) pain levels, 15 means you will be less likely to notice pain during a workout. Those not listening to music might experience the intensity of their exercise more, 16 (feel) more tired or sore while exercising. Those listening to music will 17 (distract) by it and might not notice any discomfort or strain on their body. Music distracts from the pain you endure(忍受) during a workout through competing stimuli(刺激物), meaning both music and 18 pain from your exercise are competing against each other. It’s easier to forget about or ignore pain or fatigue when you’re distracted by a song. A study 19 (find) that music not only increased your work capacity, but it also delayed feelings of fatigue. 20 (additional), we mentioned how it is an excellent distractor, keeping your mind off of the fatigue and pain you are feeling. 迁移应用篇 一、根据提示完成句子 1. 作为本报的忠实读者之一，首先我谨表示衷心的祝贺。 ________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 它涵盖了各种主题，从诗歌到科幻小说，这拓宽了我们的视野。 ________________________________________________________________________________. 3. Youth Viewpoint这个栏目最受我们这些学生的欢迎，它鼓励我们发表我们的观点。 ________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 对我而言，阅读时我会忘记一切烦恼，从而放松了自己。(状语从句的省略) ________________________________________________________________________________. 5. 我认为Youth在未来会给读者带来更多的惊喜并且更受欢迎。 ________________________________________________________________________________. 6. 根据中文提示，完成以下语段。 一只熊正在附近湖边玩耍。他嗅到了我们的面包的气味，然后他靠着他的嗅觉到了我们的位置。他太饿了，似乎马上就会把我们吞下去。太恐怖了！突然，我想到了一个好主意。我打算用面包来阻止他的攻击。我把面包尽可能地扔向远处。这确实有效了。熊毫不犹豫地朝面包方向跑去。应我们的要求，直升机很快就到了。我们满意地爬了进去。这真是一次可怕而宝贵的经历。 A bear was playing beside ①________________. He sniffed the smell of our bread, and then he ②________________. He was ③________________ that it seemed that he would swallow us in a minute. How terrible! Suddenly, a good idea ④________________. I intended to use the bread ⑤________________. I threw the bread as far as I could. It did work. The bear ⑥________________________. ⑦________________, the helicopter soon arrived. ⑧________________________. It was a horrible and precious experience. 二、应用文写作 假定你是李华，你的外国好友Tom近期来信说他缺乏运动、身体状态不佳，希望你能给他一些关于体育健康的实用建议，帮助他养成良好的运动习惯。请你根据以下提示给他写一封回信， 内容包括： 1. 建议他从简单的运动入手（如慢跑jogging、跳绳rope skipping等）； 2. 建议他结合自身情况制定运动计划。 注意： 1. 词数80-100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua ( 10 / 11 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $