Unit 1 Cultral Heritage 限制性定语从句（核心语法精练）英语人教版必修第二册

**基本信息** 以“文化遗产”为主题载体，通过表格系统梳理限制性定语从句知识，构建“概念-规则-应用”三阶训练体系，融合语言能力与文化意识培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|表格+思维导图|关系代词/副词分类及特殊规则（如that/which用法区别）|从先行词/定语从句基础概念，到关系词功能，再到特殊规则递进| |考点夯基|单选10题+成分分析5题+完成句子10题|关系词辨析（人/物/时间/地点）与句子成分判断|基础应用（单句）到变式训练（成分分析）| |综合提升|语法填空1篇+阅读1篇+写作1篇|语篇中定语从句的语境化应用|从单句语法到语篇综合，衔接真题情境|

UNIT 1 Cultural Heritage 核心语法精练 （限制性定语从句） 参考答案 目录 1 二、考点夯基 4 一、单项选择 4 二、指出下列句中画线部分是什么句子成分 11 三、分析句子成分并写出基本句型 12 三、综合提升 14 一、语法填空（模考真题） 14 二、阅读理解（模考真题） 18 方式一：表格 英语句子成分及基本句型 类别 细分 构成/用法 单元主题例句 基础概念 先行词 被定语从句修饰的名词/代词（人/物/时间/地点/reason） The temple which we protected is cultural heritage.（先行词the temple） 定语从句 修饰先行词，放在先行词后，由关系词引导，相当于形容词 The worker who repaired the ancient wall is an archaeologist. 关系代词（作主/宾/定语）型 who 指代人，从句作主语，不可省略 The expert who studies relics comes from Beijing. whom 指代人，从句作宾语，可省略 The old artist whom we met restored the painting. which 指代物，从句作主/宾；作宾语可省略 The amber room which has gold jewels is world-famous. that 可指人/物，作主/宾；作宾语可省略；有专用场景 The people and buildings that we saw are precious heritage. whose 表所属“……的”，从句仅作定语，后接名词 This is the museum whose collection includes ancient pottery. 关系副词（作状语 when 先行词为时间名词，从句缺时间状语=on/in/at which I still remember the day when we visited Mogao Caves. where 先行词为地点名词，从句缺地点状语=in/at which This is the site where archaeologists dug out old relics. why 先行词only为reason，从句缺原因状语=for which No one knows the reason why the relic was damaged. 特殊规则 只用that不用which 1.先行词含人+物；2.不定代词all/everything；3.最高级/序数词修饰；4.the only/very；5.which/who开头疑问句 Do you know the relics and workers that they talked about? 只用which不用that 1.逗号隔开非限制性定语从句；2.介词提前后 The Amber Room, which was lost in WWII, is priceless. 介词+关系代词 介词依据先行词/从句动词搭配；只能用which/whom，无that The palace in which the treasure was kept is in Russia. 拓展句型 非限制性定语从句 逗号隔开，补充信息，不能用that，不可省略关系词 The Mogao Caves, which attract millions of tourists, are a world heritage. 方式二：思维导图 1、 单项选择 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.C 二、指出下列句中画线部分是什么句子成分 1. 【答案】定语（限制性定语从句） 【解析】画线从句修饰先行词the painting，限定画作的年代，在句中作后置定语。 2【答案】定语（限制性定语从句） 【解析】从句由whose引导，修饰先行词the worker，作后置定语。 3.【答案】定语（非限制性定语从句） 【解析】逗号隔开，补充说明city的信息，作后置定语。 4.【答案】定语（限制性定语从句） 【解析】why引导从句修饰先行词reason，后置定语。 5.【答案】定语（限制性定语从句） 【解析】who引导从句修饰the expert，后置定语。 三、用单词的适当形式完成句子 1.when 2.whose 3.that/which 4.where 5.where 6.when 7.when 8.where 9. that/which 10.whose 一、语法填空 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (23-24杭州第二中学高一下期中测) 1.gathered 2.Combining 3.and 4.to enjoy 5.which 6.treasured 7.As 8. globally 9. an 10. carrier 二、阅读理解 C 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 三、应用文写作 参考范文 Cultural Heritage Protection As we all know, in the process of economic development, there comes a time when the old must give way to the new. However, as far as I am concerned, we should keep a balance between economic development and the protection of cultural heritage. Cultural heritage is not only the wealth of a country but also precious treasure of the whole world and the crystallization of global human intelligence. We should spare no effort to preserve it in good condition. Any conducts damaging the heritage will cause great cultural losses and should be severely punished. Therefore, I sincerely make a proposal that each of us individuals should actively make a contribution to its preservation. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ UNIT 1 Cultural Heritage 核心语法精练 （限制性定语从句） 解析版 目录 1 二、考点夯基 4 一、单项选择 4 二、指出下列句中画线部分是什么句子成分 11 三、分析句子成分并写出基本句型 12 三、综合提升 14 一、语法填空（模考真题） 14 二、阅读理解（模考真题） 18 方式一：表格 英语句子成分及基本句型 类别 细分 构成/用法 单元主题例句 基础概念 先行词 被定语从句修饰的名词/代词（人/物/时间/地点/reason） The temple which we protected is cultural heritage.（先行词the temple） 定语从句 修饰先行词，放在先行词后，由关系词引导，相当于形容词 The worker who repaired the ancient wall is an archaeologist. 关系代词（作主/宾/定语）型 who 指代人，从句作主语，不可省略 The expert who studies relics comes from Beijing. whom 指代人，从句作宾语，可省略 The old artist whom we met restored the painting. which 指代物，从句作主/宾；作宾语可省略 The amber room which has gold jewels is world-famous. that 可指人/物，作主/宾；作宾语可省略；有专用场景 The people and buildings that we saw are precious heritage. whose 表所属“……的”，从句仅作定语，后接名词 This is the museum whose collection includes ancient pottery. 关系副词（作状语 when 先行词为时间名词，从句缺时间状语=on/in/at which I still remember the day when we visited Mogao Caves. where 先行词为地点名词，从句缺地点状语=in/at which This is the site where archaeologists dug out old relics. why 先行词only为reason，从句缺原因状语=for which No one knows the reason why the relic was damaged. 特殊规则 只用that不用which 1.先行词含人+物；2.不定代词all/everything；3.最高级/序数词修饰；4.the only/very；5.which/who开头疑问句 Do you know the relics and workers that they talked about? 只用which不用that 1.逗号隔开非限制性定语从句；2.介词提前后 The Amber Room, which was lost in WWII, is priceless. 介词+关系代词 介词依据先行词/从句动词搭配；只能用which/whom，无that The palace in which the treasure was kept is in Russia. 拓展句型 非限制性定语从句 逗号隔开，补充信息，不能用that，不可省略关系词 The Mogao Caves, which attract millions of tourists, are a world heritage. 方式二：思维导图 1、 单项选择 1.The ancient vase ______ we saw in the museum has a history of 1,000 years. A. whose B. which C. where D. when 【答案】B 【解析】先行词the ancient vase指物，定语从句缺少宾语，用关系代词which/that，故选B。 2.The archaeologist ______ work focuses on cave paintings won a national prize. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 【答案】C 【解析】先行词archaeologist是人，从句修饰名词work，表“考古学家的工作”，用whose作定语，选C。 3.We visited the old town ______ many cultural relics are well kept. A. when B. where C. which D. whose 【答案】B 【解析】先行词town是地点名词，从句主谓完整，缺地点状语，用关系副词where，选B。 4.All ______ we can do is to protect our cultural heritage. A. which B. what C. that D. who 【答案】C 【解析】先行词为不定代词All，定语从句只能用that引导，不能用which，选C。 5.This is the most valuable relic ______ has ever been found in this area. A. that B. which C. where D. whose 【答案】A 【解析】先行词被形容词最高级the most valuable修饰，只能用that，选A。 6.The Amber Room, ______ belonged to the king, was made of tons of amber. A. that B. which C. what D. when 【答案】B 【解析】逗号分隔非限制性定语从句，指代物，不能用that，只能用which，选B。 7.The girl ______ you met at the exhibition studies cultural heritage protection. A. whom B. whose C. which D. when 【答案】A 【解析】先行词the girl指人，从句缺少宾语，用whom，可省略，选A。 8.I will never forget the day ______ we volunteered to repair the old temple. A. where B. why C. when D. which 【答案】C 【解析】先行词the day为时间名词，从句结构完整，缺时间状语，用when，选C。 9.There is no reason ______ we should ignore the protection of ancient buildings. A. when B. why C. where D. which 【答案】B 【解析】先行词为reason，定语从句表原因，用关系副词why，选B。 10.The house ______ in which the treasure was hidden was destroyed in the war. A. that B. whom C. which D. whose 【答案】C 【解析】介词提前in后，指物的关系代词只能用which，不能用that，选C。 二、指出下列句中画线部分是什么句子成分 1.The painting that was made in Tang Dynasty is protected by the government. 【答案】定语（限制性定语从句） 【解析】画线从句修饰先行词the painting，限定画作的年代，在句中作后置定语。 2.We admire the worker whose hands created these amazing sculptures. 【答案】定语（限制性定语从句） 【解析】从句由whose引导，修饰先行词the worker，作后置定语。 3.This ancient city, where many relics are kept, attracts thousands of visitors. 【答案】定语（非限制性定语从句） 【解析】逗号隔开，补充说明city的信息，作后置定语。 4.I can’t understand the reason why people damage cultural heritage. 【答案】定语（限制性定语从句） 【解析】why引导从句修饰先行词reason，后置定语。 5.The expert who we invited will give a speech about heritage protection. 【答案】定语（限制性定语从句） 【解析】who引导从句修饰the expert，后置定语。 三、用单词的适当形式完成句子 1. The people in Syria have been looking forward to the day ______ the conflict will end. 答案：when 解析：先行词the day（时间名词），定语从句主谓完整，缺时间状语，when = on which。 句意：叙利亚人民一直期盼冲突结束的那一天。 2.  Lisa is an outstanding graduate ______ life stories have greatly inspired her fellow schoolmates. 答案：whose 解析：关系词修饰后面名词life stories，表所属“Lisa的”，whose后必须接名词。 句意：莉萨是一名优秀毕业生，她的人生故事极大鼓舞了同学们。 3.  Put simply, potential is your natural ability ______ can be developed when you try hard enough. 答案： that / which 解析：先行词ability指物，从句缺少主语，二者均可作主语；无特殊限定，不用区分。 句意：简单来说，潜力是你足够努力就能发掘的天生能力。 4.  I have reached a point in my life ______ I am supposed to make up my mind. 答案：where 解析：先行词point为抽象地点（人生阶段、处境），从句结构完整，缺地点状语，where = at which。 句意：我已经到了人生该下定决心的阶段。 5.  They are now in a better position ______ they can be very successful this year. 答案：where 解析：先行词position抽象地点（处境、地位），从句主谓齐全，缺地点状语，where = in which。 句意：他们如今处境很好，今年有望取得巨大成功。 6.  Why do you choose to ask him questions at a time ______ he is unhappy? 答案：when 解析：先行词a time表时间，从句不缺主宾，缺时间状语，when = at which。 句意：你为什么非要在他心情不好的时候去问他问题？ 7.  It was a time ______ people weren’t so hung up about health. 答案：when 解析：先行词a time表示“一段时期、年代”，从句完整，用when作时间状语。 句意：那是一个人们对健康没有那么焦虑的年代。 8.  It’s one of the few countries ______ people drive on the left. 答案：where 解析：先行词countries地点名词，从句完整，缺地点状语，where = in which。 句意：这是少数车辆靠左行驶的国家之一。 9.  She will never forget the days ______ she spent in Beijing. 答案： that / which 解析：先行词the days，从句动词spent缺少宾语，关系代词作宾语，可省略。 句意：她永远不会忘记在北京度过的那些日子。 10.  There are many people ______ only online activity is sending and receiving e-mails. 答案：whose 解析：修饰名词online activity，表“人们的”所属关系，用whose。 句意：很多人唯一的线上活动就是收发电子邮件。 快速解题口诀 从句缺主语/宾语 → that/which/who 从句完整、表时间 → when 表地点/抽象处境 → where 后面紧跟名词、表“……的” → whose 一、语法填空 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (23-24杭州第二中学高一下期中测) Born in Suzhou, Kunqu Opera distinguished itself by the detail of its rhythmic patterns and became widely popular during the Ming Dynasty. During Mid-Autumn Festival in Ming and Qing dynasties, opera performing groups often 1.______(gather) in Suzhou, staging wonderful theatrical displays in ancient China. 2. ______(combine) songs performed in the Suzhou dialect, graceful body movements, martial arts and dance, Kunqu Opera uses a rich variety of movements to express specific emotions. Graceful movements extend to the fingertips 3. ______unique melodies create rich and poetic worlds for audiences 4.______(enjoy). Kunqu Opera held a powerful influence on many forms of opera in China, including Peking Opera, 5.______ is about 200 years old. Kunqu Opera is thus known as the mother of all Chinese operas. In respect of this 6.______(treasure) history, UNESCO acknowledged it as one of the “Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity” in 2001. 7. ______a true reflection of Chinese culture, stories performed in Kunqu Opera go beyond the limits of time and space. The Peony Pavilion, written by playwright Tang Xianzu, who is often compared to Shakespeare, is still loved by fans 8.______(global). A living heritage is 9.______endless dialogue between the present and the past, and Kunqu Opera is a perfect 10.______(carry) to pass that legacy on for China’s future generations. 答案： 1. gathered 考点：非谓语动词（过去分词作后置定语） 解析：名词crowds和动词gather（聚集）是被动完成关系，crowds that were gathered，省略从句后用过去分词gathered修饰人群。 2. Combining 考点：非谓语动词（现在分词作状语） 解析：句子主语和combine（融合）是主动关系，逗号前作伴随状语，用动名词/现在分词Combining，首字母大写。 3. and 考点：并列连词 解析：连接两个并列名词短语traditional crafts、modern elements，表并列“和”，用and。 4. to enjoy 考点：非谓语动词（不定式作目的状语） 解析：举办活动的目的是让大家欣赏文化，不定式to do表目的，填to enjoy。 5. which 考点：非限制性定语从句关系代词 解析：逗号分隔，先行词为前面整件事/活动，从句缺主语，逗号后不能用that，只能用which。 6. treasured 考点：非谓语动词（过去分词作定语） 解析：cultural heritage（文化遗产）与treasure（珍视）是被动关系，相当于heritage that is treasured，填treasured。 7. As 考点：介词/连词As引导从句，表“随着、正如” 解析：As time goes by 固定搭配“随着时光流逝”，句首大写As。 8. globally 考点：副词修饰动词/整句 解析：修饰动词spread（传播），形容词global变副词globally，意为“在全球范围”。 9. an 考点：不定冠词 解析：空后carrier读音以元音音素开头，表“一个载体”，泛指单数可数名词，用an。 10. carrier 考点：名词原形 解析：不定冠词an后接单数可数名词，carrier本身是名词，无需变形，cultural carrier 文化载体。 二、阅读理解 C (2025·蓉城名校联盟入学考) For years, Egyptologists have hotly debated how the massive pyramids (金字塔) of ancient Egypt(埃及) were built more than 4,000 years ago.Now, a team of engineers and geologists brings a new theory to the table—a water lift device that would have floated the heavy stones up through the middle of Egypt's oldest pyramid using stored water. Ancient Egyptians built the Step Pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser in the 27th century BC, and it was the tallest structure at the time, coming in at about 62 meters tall.But how exactly the structure was erected, with a number of stones weighing in at 300 kilograms, has remained a centuries-old mystery, according to the study published Monday in the journal PLOS One. “Many detailed publications have discussed pyramid-building procedures and provided real examples, but these usually focus on more recent, better-documented, and smaller pyramids of the Middle and New Kingdoms (1980 to 1075 BC)，” said lead author Dr.Xavier Landreau, CEO of Paleotechnic, a privately owned research institute in Paris that studies ancient technologies. “The techniques involved could include ramps(活动坡道), cranes(起重机), or a combination of these methods，” he added in an email.“But what about the Old Kingdom pyramids (2675 to 2130 BC), which are much bigger? While human strength and ramps may be the only construction force for small structures, other techniques may have been used for large pyramids.” Using a combined approach, the new paper was the first to report a system matching the Step Pyramid's internal architecture, the authors wrote. A complex water treatment system drawing upon local resources could have created a water-powered elevator within the pyramid's internal vertical passage.Some type of float would have raised the heavy stones up the middle of the pyramid, according to the study. 语篇导读：多年来，埃及学家一直在激烈讨论古埃及金字塔是如何建造的。如今，一组工程师和地质学家提出了一种新的理论——古埃及人可能使用了一种水升装置，通过存储的水升起重石。 1．What does the underlined word “erected ” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？ A．Changed. B．Designed. C．Built. D．Destroyed. 解析：C　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文的“Ancient Egyptians built the Step Pyramid... at about 62 meters tall.”和下文的“with a number of stones weighing in at 300 kilograms, has remained a centuries-old mystery”可知，古埃及人在公元前27世纪建造了阶梯金字塔，这座由重达300千克的石头组成的建筑大约有62米高，是当时最高的建筑。再结合下文可知，全文围绕金字塔是如何建造的这一话题展开，画线词应意为“建造”。故选C。 2．Which may play a role in building small pyramids according to Dr.Landreau？ A．People and ramps. B．Ramps and cranes. C．People and cranes. D．Water and ramps. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第四段的“human strength and ramps may be the only construction force for small structures”可知，人力和活动坡道在建造小型金字塔中起作用。故选A。 3．What is the main advantage of the water lift device in building pyramids？ A．It simplifies the use of ramps. B．It helps to make heavy stones raised. C．It increases the weight of the stones. D．It uses some resources for treatment. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，古埃及人可能利用了复杂的水处理系统在金字塔内部的垂直通道内创造了一个水力升降机。根据这项研究，某种类型的漂浮装置可能会将这些沉重的石头提升到金字塔的中间。故选B。 4．What is the best title for the text？ A．Water Lift Theory: A New View on Pyramid Construction B．Recent Researches on the Stories of Egypt's Small Pyramid C．A Historical Debate: Egypt's Pyramid Construction Secrets D．Exploring Ancient Egyptian Pyramid Construction Mysteries 解析：A　标题归纳题。文章介绍了一种新的金字塔建筑理论——水升装置理论，解释了古埃及大型金字塔的建造方法。A项“水升理论：金字塔建设的新视角”；B项“关于埃及小金字塔故事的最新研究”；C项“一场历史辩论：埃及金字塔建造的秘密”；D项“探索古埃及金字塔建造之谜”。故A项作本文标题最佳。故选A。 D．Exploring Ancient Egyptian Pyramid Construction Mysteries 三、应用文写作 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在征稿，主题为“保护民族文化遗产”。请你围绕此主题写一篇英语短文投稿。 内容包括：1. 文化遗产保护的重要性；2. 发出倡议。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 参考范文 Cultural Heritage Protection As we all know, in the process of economic development, there comes a time when the old must give way to the new. However, as far as I am concerned, we should keep a balance between economic development and the protection of cultural heritage. Cultural heritage is not only the wealth of a country but also precious treasure of the whole world and the crystallization of global human intelligence. We should spare no effort to preserve it in good condition. Any conducts damaging the heritage will cause great cultural losses and should be severely punished. Therefore, I sincerely make a proposal that each of us individuals should actively make a contribution to its preservation. 重点核心词汇&短语 1. 主题相关（文化遗产） cultural heritage 文化遗产 preservation / protection 保护 crystallization of human intelligence 人类智慧的结晶 precious treasure 宝贵财富 preserve...in good condition 妥善保护…… 2. 观点表态类 as far as I am concerned 在我看来 keep a balance between A and B 平衡A与B make a proposal 提出倡议 make a contribution to 为……做贡献 spare no effort to do 不遗余力做某事 3.行为&后果类 give way to 让位于；被……取代 economic development 经济发展 conducts damaging the heritage 破坏遗产的行为 cause great cultural losses 造成巨大文化损失 be severely punished 受到严厉惩处 2、 高级句型 1. there comes a time when… 原句：there comes a time when the old must give way to the new 解析：经典倒装句型，when引导定语从句修饰time，意为“总会有……的时候”，替代简单句sometimes。 2. not only...but also... 并列多重表语 原句：Cultural heritage is not only the wealth of a country but also precious treasure of the whole world and the crystallization of global human intelligence. 解析：递进结构叠加多层名词作表语，内容饱满，句式有层次感，提升文采。 3. 分词作后置定语 原句：Any conducts damaging the heritage will cause great cultural losses 解析：现在分词damaging修饰conducts，替代定语从句any conducts that damage...，句式更简洁高级。 4. 同位语从句 原句：I sincerely make a proposal that each of us individuals should actively make a contribution to its preservation. 解析：that引导同位语从句，解释说明proposal的具体内容，高中英语高分高级句型。 5. 衔接逻辑句式 However, as far as I am concerned,... 转折+个人观点引入 Therefore,... 总结提出倡议，逻辑清晰 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ UNIT 1 Cultural Heritage 核心语法精练 （限制性定语从句） 目录 1 二、考点夯基 4 一、单项选择 4 二、指出下列句中画线部分是什么句子成分 11 三、分析句子成分并写出基本句型 12 三、综合提升 14 一、语法填空（模考真题） 14 二、阅读理解（模考真题） 18 方式一：表格 英语句子成分及基本句型 类别 细分 构成/用法 单元主题例句 基础概念 先行词 被定语从句修饰的名词/代词（人/物/时间/地点/reason） The temple which we protected is cultural heritage.（先行词the temple） 定语从句 修饰先行词，放在先行词后，由关系词引导，相当于形容词 The worker who repaired the ancient wall is an archaeologist. 关系代词（作主/宾/定语）型 who 指代人，从句作主语，不可省略 The expert who studies relics comes from Beijing. whom 指代人，从句作宾语，可省略 The old artist whom we met restored the painting. which 指代物，从句作主/宾；作宾语可省略 The amber room which has gold jewels is world-famous. that 可指人/物，作主/宾；作宾语可省略；有专用场景 The people and buildings that we saw are precious heritage. whose 表所属“……的”，从句仅作定语，后接名词 This is the museum whose collection includes ancient pottery. 关系副词（作状语 when 先行词为时间名词，从句缺时间状语=on/in/at which I still remember the day when we visited Mogao Caves. where 先行词为地点名词，从句缺地点状语=in/at which This is the site where archaeologists dug out old relics. why 先行词only为reason，从句缺原因状语=for which No one knows the reason why the relic was damaged. 特殊规则 只用that不用which 1.先行词含人+物；2.不定代词all/everything；3.最高级/序数词修饰；4.the only/very；5.which/who开头疑问句 Do you know the relics and workers that they talked about? 只用which不用that 1.逗号隔开非限制性定语从句；2.介词提前后 The Amber Room, which was lost in WWII, is priceless. 介词+关系代词 介词依据先行词/从句动词搭配；只能用which/whom，无that The palace in which the treasure was kept is in Russia. 拓展句型 非限制性定语从句 逗号隔开，补充信息，不能用that，不可省略关系词 The Mogao Caves, which attract millions of tourists, are a world heritage. 方式二：思维导图 1、 单项选择 1.The ancient vase ______ we saw in the museum has a history of 1,000 years. A. whose B. which C. where D. when 2.The archaeologist ______ work focuses on cave paintings won a national prize. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 3.We visited the old town ______ many cultural relics are well kept. A. when B. where C. which D. whose 4.All ______ we can do is to protect our cultural heritage. A. which B. what C. that D. who 5.This is the most valuable relic ______ has ever been found in this area. A. that B. which C. where D. whose 6.The Amber Room, ______ belonged to the king, was made of tons of amber. A. that B. which C. what D. when 7.The girl ______ you met at the exhibition studies cultural heritage protection. A. whom B. whose C. which D. when 8.I will never forget the day ______ we volunteered to repair the old temple. A. where B. why C. when D. which 9.There is no reason ______ we should ignore the protection of ancient buildings. A. when B. why C. where D. which 10.The house ______ in which the treasure was hidden was destroyed in the war. A. that B. whom C. which D. whose 二、指出下列句中画线部分是什么句子成分 1.The painting that was made in Tang Dynasty is protected by the government. 2.We admire the worker whose hands created these amazing sculptures. 3.This ancient city, where many relics are kept, attracts thousands of visitors. 4.I can’t understand the reason why people damage cultural heritage. 5.The expert who we invited will give a speech about heritage protection. 三、用单词的适当形式完成句子 1. The people in Syria have been looking forward to the day ______ the conflict will end. 2. Lisa is an outstanding graduate ______ life stories have greatly inspired her fellow schoolmates. 3. Put simply, potential is your natural ability ______ can be developed when you try hard enough. 4. I have reached a point in my life ______ I am supposed to make up my mind. 5. They are now in a better position ______ they can be very successful this year. 6. Why do you choose to ask him questions at a time ______ he is unhappy? 7. It was a time ______ people weren’t so hung up about health. 8. It’s one of the few countries ______ people drive on the left. 9. She will never forget the days ______ she spent in Beijing. 10. There are many people ______ only online activity is sending and receiving e-mails.. 一、语法填空 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (23-24杭州第二中学高一下期中测) Born in Suzhou, Kunqu Opera distinguished itself by the detail of its rhythmic patterns and became widely popular during the Ming Dynasty. During Mid-Autumn Festival in Ming and Qing dynasties, opera performing groups often 1.______(gather) in Suzhou, staging wonderful theatrical displays in ancient China. 2. ______(combine) songs performed in the Suzhou dialect, graceful body movements, martial arts and dance, Kunqu Opera uses a rich variety of movements to express specific emotions. Graceful movements extend to the fingertips 3. ______unique melodies create rich and poetic worlds for audiences 4.______(enjoy). Kunqu Opera held a powerful influence on many forms of opera in China, including Peking Opera, 5.______ is about 200 years old. Kunqu Opera is thus known as the mother of all Chinese operas. In respect of this 6.______(treasure) history, UNESCO acknowledged it as one of the “Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity” in 2001. 7. ______a true reflection of Chinese culture, stories performed in Kunqu Opera go beyond the limits of time and space. The Peony Pavilion, written by playwright Tang Xianzu, who is often compared to Shakespeare, is still loved by fans 8.______(global). A living heritage is 9.______endless dialogue between the present and the past, and Kunqu Opera is a perfect 10.______(carry) to pass that legacy on for China’s future generations. 二、阅读理解 C (2025·蓉城名校联盟入学考) For years, Egyptologists have hotly debated how the massive pyramids (金字塔) of ancient Egypt(埃及) were built more than 4,000 years ago.Now, a team of engineers and geologists brings a new theory to the table—a water lift device that would have floated the heavy stones up through the middle of Egypt's oldest pyramid using stored water. Ancient Egyptians built the Step Pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser in the 27th century BC, and it was the tallest structure at the time, coming in at about 62 meters tall.But how exactly the structure was erected, with a number of stones weighing in at 300 kilograms, has remained a centuries-old mystery, according to the study published Monday in the journal PLOS One. “Many detailed publications have discussed pyramid-building procedures and provided real examples, but these usually focus on more recent, better-documented, and smaller pyramids of the Middle and New Kingdoms (1980 to 1075 BC)，” said lead author Dr.Xavier Landreau, CEO of Paleotechnic, a privately owned research institute in Paris that studies ancient technologies. “The techniques involved could include ramps(活动坡道), cranes(起重机), or a combination of these methods，” he added in an email.“But what about the Old Kingdom pyramids (2675 to 2130 BC), which are much bigger? While human strength and ramps may be the only construction force for small structures, other techniques may have been used for large pyramids.” Using a combined approach, the new paper was the first to report a system matching the Step Pyramid's internal architecture, the authors wrote. A complex water treatment system drawing upon local resources could have created a water-powered elevator within the pyramid's internal vertical passage.Some type of float would have raised the heavy stones up the middle of the pyramid, according to the study. 1．What does the underlined word “erected ” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？ A．Changed. B．Designed. C．Built. D．Destroyed. 2．Which may play a role in building small pyramids according to Dr.Landreau？ A．People and ramps. B．Ramps and cranes. C．People and cranes. D．Water and ramps. 3．What is the main advantage of the water lift device in building pyramids？ A．It simplifies the use of ramps. B．It helps to make heavy stones raised. C．It increases the weight of the stones. D．It uses some resources for treatment. 4．What is the best title for the text？ A．Water Lift Theory: A New View on Pyramid Construction B．Recent Researches on the Stories of Egypt's Small Pyramid C．A Historical Debate: Egypt's Pyramid Construction Secrets D．Exploring Ancient Egyptian Pyramid Construction Mysteries 三、应用文写作 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在征稿，主题为“保护民族文化遗产”。请你围绕此主题写一篇英语短文投稿。 内容包括：1. 文化遗产保护的重要性；2. 发出倡议。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $