Unit 3 Conservation 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句（单元核心语法精练）英语北师大版2019选择性必修第一册

Unit 3 Conservation 核心语法精练（限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、 单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 2 二、 定语从句和其它从句辨析 13 三、写作中定语从句的运用 18 0 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 20 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 21 1、 单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 1．The biggest reason I consider Study Tour is the opportunity to see the world. 2．I’ve missed you a lot, thinking about those happy moments we stayed with you. 3．It was not easy to recruit 30 boys parents were willing to part with their sons for fifteen years. 4．The Xinzhai village began to plant coffee trees in 1952, the Chinese people were not yet used to drinking coffee. 5．Lily looked quickly through the gifts, picking out from the pile anything she liked best. 6．This is the intelligent girl to I referred yesterday. 7．Everything changed a few years later when Zane brought me to a huge cave entrance there was an old man living in a small house. 8．There were no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil so the only fuel we could use was animal fat. 9．Emotions are internal states drive an animal to act a certain way. 10．Judy is a talent lyrics (歌词) and voice will attract your attention and get your emotions going at the same time. 11．This famous company is looking for people can come up with original and useful ideas. 12．There are some things I need to buy before the trip. 13．A sports psychologist suggests there is something all great athletes have in common: They love competition and deal with stress well. 14．The house, was completed in 1856, was famous for its huge marble stairs. 15．Albert Einstein, is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived. 16．Later, artemisinin was tested on malaria patients, most of recovered. 17．A very different film composer is Tan Dun, has a classical music background, unlike many film composers. 18．The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, has become an important part of Chinese culture. 19．There was not much we could do when it was raining outside. 20．The marathon runner maintained his steady pace, conserving his energy, and didn’t make his final push until he reached the last mile of the race, the finish line was within sight. 21．In the context of globalization, cultural exchanges have become increasingly frequent, the preservation of local traditions faces unique challenges that were not present in the past. 22．This type of layout quickly developed and became widely used in subsequent centuries, establishing itself as the most typical approach to traditional Chinese urban planning, was generally acknowledged as the square-block design of towns. 23．A long scroll (卷轴) of the “Along the River During the Qingming Festival,” an iconic painting of the Northern Song Dynasty, constructed straight from LEGO bricks, has been on display since Sep 25th. Covering 47 square meters, this LEGO exhibit, has delicately pieced together a marvelous world the old and the new meet. 24．Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. 25．“The music makes you happy because the melodies are cheerful.” said Tang Baoshan, started learning the folk songs when he was a child and soon demonstrated a talent for the form. 26．An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 27．The Donglin Academy of Classical Learning was founded during the Northern Song Dynasty. For a long time, it was a place lectures were given by the famous scholar Yang Shi. 28．Through the artwork, the development of Chinese painting between the 4th and 14th centuries can be clearly observed, shows how valuable the Mogao Grottoes are for anyone who wants to study the history of Chinese art. 29．I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central (center) heating doesn’t exist. 30．The true magic of shadow play lies not just in its making, but in its live performance, a team of puppeteers (木偶操纵师), narrators, and musicians work together in harmony. 31．The culture of bird-keeping and birdcage-making has been deeply rooted in Hong Kong society since the 1920s and 1930s. In the past, many bird owners would bring their birds to the tea houses they socialized with other bird enthusiasts. 32．The Central Axis dates back to the Yuan Dynasty, while its length was extended in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is an epitome (缩影) of traditional city design, in the central position is the emphasis, indicating the purpose of constructing social order and standardizing social life through the city layout. 33．Covering over 100,000 square meters, it’s now at a stage in its main structure is going through a construction phase, with the main buildings gradually taking shape. 34．His works blur the line between private and public spaces. What Alejandro Aravena, chair of the Pritzker jury, admires is that Liu “has found a way to build places are a building, landscape and public space at the same time.” 35．In addition to the shipwrecks, a variety of artifacts, including pottery, porcelain and ironware, have been unearthed, most of were made in kilns (窑炉) in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, known as China’s “porcelain capital.” 36．Dashuhua is more than a spectacle (精彩表演); it embodies the courage, skill, and perseverance of its performers, fight to keep this cultural treasure alive for future generations. 37．After learning the real-person video examples demonstrate each sign language word, users can activate the camera, and the app will recognize and assess the accuracy of their sign language gestures. 38．According to Chinese legend, the first umbrella in ancient China was invented by Lady Yun, the wife of Lu Ban, a renowned craftsman in Chinese history. At the time, people relied on straw hats and capes during rainy days, proved inconvenient for travel. 39．In southern China, ____ the climate is warmer and thus there aren't many naturally frozen lakes to enjoy, people will go to indoor rinks (溜冰场) to enjoy the winter fun instead. 40．However, none of the 20,000 spectators made their way to the year’s final game had to pay for their tickets, and they were welcome to enjoy the game in creative ways. 41．For the past year, all the leftover food waste from the school has gone into composting containers rather than a landfill it would be buried and would produce planet-warming gases. 42．Craftsmen can make and process the components in advance and quickly put them together on site, is simple and efficient. 43．Sitting in Quanzhou City, the ancient Maritime Silk Road started, it has sold like hotcakes at home and abroad since the Song Dynasty. 44．So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. 45．Some of these are famous, but Singapore has one special way, you may not know about. 46．Many of the chemicals in fireworks are also persistent in the environment, means they stubbornly sit there instead of breaking down. 47．Jim Johnson, a mail (carry), was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven, he delivered much more than the mail. 48．I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, was a seaside area in Karachi. 49．With higher education becoming more accessible across the developing world, gone are the days it was merely a luxury reserved for the privileged elite. 50．He tries to create an atmosphere workers can communicate effectively. 2、 定语从句和其它从句辨析 1.The culture of bird-keeping and birdcage-making has been deeply rooted in Hong Kong society since the 1920s and 1930s. In the past, many bird owners would bring their birds to the tea houses they socialized with other bird enthusiasts.2.The Donglin Academy of Classical Learning was founded during the Northern Song Dynasty. For a long time, it was a place lectures were given by the famous scholar Yang Shi. 3.Through the artwork, the development of Chinese painting between the 4th and 14th centuries can be clearly observed, shows how valuable the Mogao Grottoes are for anyone who wants to study the history of Chinese art. 4.But truly twisted her heart at that time,she said, was the backward and dangerous practices of local midwives and the hardships faced by expectant mothers and newborns in Jiaxian. 5. it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. 6.The true magic of shadow play lies not just in its making, but in its live performance, a team of puppeteers (木偶操纵师), narrators, and musicians work together in harmony. 7.“Covering over 100,000 square meters, it’s now at a stage in its main structure is going through a construction phase, with the main buildings gradually taking shape. 8. makes Yunjin special is its complicated weaving process, requiring two workers to operate a large wooden loom (织布机) together. 9.The Central Axis dates back to the Yuan Dynasty, while its length was extended in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is an epitome (缩影)of traditional city design, in the central position is the emphasis, indicating the purpose of constructing social order and standardizing social life through the city layout. 10.In the 4: 02-minute video, it showcases various stages of the robotic production line at its Lingang Fengxian factory in Shanghai, 8 features self-made humanoid robots working alongside human workers. Moreover, the company has established 9 it calls a “data collection factory” for real-world data gathering, including training scenarios such as folding clothes, organizing, cleaning and doing the laundry. 11.His works blur the line between private and public spaces. What Alejandro Aravena, chair of the Pritzker jury, admires is that Liu “has found a way to build places are a building, landscape and public space at the same time.” 41.Here, a city unfolds before your very eyes 1 you listen to the dialogue between culture and wisdom, interpret the cultural thoughts condensed (浓缩) in a historical context, experience ancient feelings with a poetic flavor, and picture the dream in your minds. 2 it be the tile (瓷砖) technology used to represent ancient wisdom in the reading area, or the bamboo sea display in the children’s reading area that captures a sense of happiness and innocence, or the portrayal of natural scenery in the literary area, the design elements aim to create an ideal destination for the soul, marked by the harmonious coexistence of livability and natural ecology. 12.Together, they started a project which later became a website called Phoemica, or Xiangyinyuan, recordings of the dialects in danger of dying out are collected and displayed. 13.On August 5, 2024, Chinese badminton player He Bingjiao won a silver medal at the Paris Olympics. However, truly stood out was a touching moment on the podium (领奖台). 14.After learning the real-person video examples demonstrate each sign language word, users can activate the camera, and the app will recognize and assess the accuracy of their sign language gestures. 15.This type of layout quickly developed and became widely used in subsequent centuries, establishing itself as the most typical approach to traditional Chinese urban planning, was generally acknowledged as the square-block design of towns. 16.Pioneer China may be in the development of umbrellas, similar devices appeared in other ancient civilizations, such as Egypt, Assyria, and Greece, primarily for sun protection. 17.The durability of the wooden buildings has stood the test of time, of the Forbidden City is a good example. 18.One newly uploaded video showed she turned a woodshed into a woodland cloakroom (衣帽间), and the other showcased her craft using the intangible cultural heritage Chinese lacquerware (漆器) techniques. 19.A long scroll (卷轴) of the “Along the River During the Qingming Festival,” an iconic painting of the Northern Song Dynasty, constructed straight from LEGO bricks, has been on display since Sep 25th. Covering 47 square meters, this LEGO exhibit, has delicately pieced together a marvelous world the old and the new meet. 20.“The music makes you happy because the melodies are cheerful.” said Tang Baoshan, started learning the folk songs when he was a child and soon demonstrated a talent for the form. 三、写作中定语从句的运用 Ⅰ.用定语从句补全句子 1．在我们的日常生活中，我们对某件事情会有自己的不同于他人的观点。 In our daily life, we will have our own point of view about something, ___________________________________.2．我们都知道，当我们需要帮助时，我们的朋友会伸出援手，他们会帮我们渡过难关。 _____________________________________________,our friends lend us a helping hand when we need help and they help us get through difficult situations. 3．他谈到了他在那个国家所见到的人和所参观的地方。 He talked about the people and the place that. 4．这是一份很困难而且很有压力的工作，但却是一份能真正帮助别人的工作。 5． This is a difficult and stressful job but one _____________________________________________没经历过暴风雨的水手永远不会成为一名优秀的水手。 A sailor_____________________________________________will never become an excellent sailor. Ⅱ.定语从句写作练习 1.我写信邀请你参加下周六在我们学校举办的音乐节。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2.我英语很熟练，这使得我与外国人自由交谈成为可能。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 3.这场音乐会，其中包括由才华横溢的学生们表演的各种精彩节目，将于下周日上午在我校大厅举行。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 4.任何想参加该活动的同学，可以通过lihua@123.com与李华联系。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 5.以下是一些关于学习汉语的建议，希望能对你有帮助。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6.强烈推荐中国书法，这是了解中国深厚文化的窗口。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 7.北京有很多景点，其中最迷人的景点是长城。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 8.我明天下午没空的原因是我要参加一个重要的班会。(道歉信) _______________________________________________________________________________ 9.你有必要好好休息，这将为你提供足够的能量。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 10.令我非常高兴的是，一个著名的新体育场已经建成，它已成为我们学校的地标。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 11.在课堂上，你将主要学习唐诗，它反映了中国传统文化，深受中国人的喜爱。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 12.你最好在课前做好充分的准备，对唐朝的历史有一个简单的了解，这样你就能很容易地完成整个课程。 _______________________________________________________________________________ III.请按以下内容要点写一篇有关你的同学Kate的英语短文，尽可能多地使用定语从句。 1．我有一个同学叫Kate，她的妈妈是我以前的英语老师。 2．Kate是一个容易相处的人，我们都喜欢她。 3．Kate在此次口语竞赛中获得第一名，这使得她妈妈很高兴。 4．新年就要到了，到时Kate会和她妈妈一起去香港。 5．众所周知，香港是一个购物天堂，Kate打算在那里买她需要的东西。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 1. Reading Passage A Extinctions, where entire species are wiped out, are not unusual in our Earth's history. In fact over 90 percent of all species 1_______ ever lived are now extinct. In the last 500million years, there have been five times when life on Earth has almost ended. These include the third mass extinction, 2_________(know) as the“ Great Dying”, which killed 90% to 96% of all species. And the fifth event, 3_________ occurred 66 million years ago, caused the death of the dinosaurs. The reasons for extinctions are 4________(vary). According to scientists, they include volcanic eruptions, asteroids hitting the Earth from space, changes in seal levels, the decrease of the oxygen content of the sea and global warming. Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth's sixth mass extinction. This time, human activity will be to blame. 5_________it is not unusual for species to die out naturally, the rate 6_______ which this is now happening is cause for concern. A 2015 study by scientists who were 7_________(base) at Brown University and Duke University in the US, looked at how quickly species die out due to natural causes, that is, the background extinction rate”. They found that human activity is causing species to die out 1000 times 8________ (fast) than normal. There is a long list of reasons why so many species are dying out, air and water pollution, forests being destroyed, factory farming and overfishing. It is clear that human activity has 9_____________ (negative) affected all other species on Earth, 10 __________(include) animals and plants. Passage B The Old Town of Lijiang This site is a few hours bus-ride away from the ancient city of Dali in Yunnan Province. 1. ____________(Surround) by fields, mountains and rivers, the Old Town of Lijiang looks like a jade ink stone in spring and summer. Each year, many foreign tourists 2__________(visit) the Old Town, and the place is like “Venice in the East” to them. There are narrow alleys, pretty streams, small stone bridges and houses with 3_________(carve)doors and painted windows. Passage C So why is nature beginning to turn on us? One answer is overpopulation. The population of the world 1_________(grow) at the rate of 10,000 people an hour, nearly90 million a year. Most of the 2_________(grow)is in the developing world. Poor people in 3___________(agriculture) areas often move to the cities. They build homes from 4___________materials they can find. These homes can 5_________(easy) collapse during earthquakes or slip and slide downhill in landslides, especially after heavy rain. 6_______ top of that, there is the added aspect of global warming. This has mainly been caused by the huge amounts of carbon dioxide 7__________(produce) by factories and vehicles. The 8_________(destroy) of the world's forests plays a part, too. AS a result, a hotter ocean causes 9__________(strong)winds. Atlantic hurricanes are 40% stronger now than they 10_________(be)30 years ago. 2. Extended reading SMALL WASTE, BIG PROBLEM Many of us might not give a second thought to 21 (drop) a small piece of litter. After all, if it is so small, it cannot possibly be that harmful, can it? In today’s world, the answer is certainly “Yes it can!” 22 the growing use of plastic bags and the rising number of smokers, there is more litter being produced than ever before. Although cigarette butts are small, they are bad for the environment. Worldwide, about 4.3 trillion cigarette butts 23 (litter) every year. As well as spoiling the beauty of the environment, they contain toxic 24 (chemical). These find their way into the water supply where they affect water quality 25 endanger plants and animals. Cigarette butts can take up to 25 years to break down. So, if people have an urge 26 (smoke), they should dispose of the butts properly in 27 rubbish bin. Plastic bags are another common form of litter that is dangerous to the environment. 28 (blow) by wind, they can float and travel long distances. They find their way to rivers, parks, beaches, and oceans. They can last for hundreds of years in the environment. We should not let plastic bags become litter. We should use 29 (few) plastic bags, and reuse and recycle 30 we have already used. 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2023-2024学年高二上·湖北十堰·阶段练习）The time-consuming process of carving a stone while keeping its natural textures (材质) and unique beauty can be used 1 a metaphor for an education that helps each individual pupil to achieve their full potential. The ink stones produced in Anhui’s Shexian county, which are made of a local black slate (石板), are 2 (high) well-known for their ability 3 (keep) the ink wet for a long time and their beautiful engraved patterns full of complex details. 4 (make) a quality ink stone requires religious craftsmanship, super skill and passion for traditional culture. That’s 5 Hu Qiusheng, an ink stone carver and engrave in Shexian, has pursued and passed down in his family. Four decades of handiwork has deformed his fingers, 6 won him many awards in the field of crafts and fine arts. He 7 (train) hundreds of craftsmen, dozens of whom have become successors of the intangible (非物质的) cultural heritage at the municipal or provincial level. Hu’s own company, one of the county’s leading ink stone producers, often initiates and sponsors a series of 8 (competition) that encourage younger generations of ink stone makers to display 9 (they) skills and further develop the craft. In the late 1960s, he first got to know about the craft from his father. Back then, a single ink stone could sometimes be worth a ton of wheat. “I knew it was very 10 (value),” Hu says. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （2024届河北省雄安新区部分高三下学期全过程纵向评价）Hunan University of Science and Technology has announced that 1 (base) on a big data analysis of students’ cafeteria consumption, meal subsidies (补贴) will be given to 2,000 students who have visited the cafeterias on campus very often but spent much less than average. The subsidy doesn’t require an 2 (apply) and will be credited directly into the meal cards of the qualified students, 3 names won’t be released. The meal subsidies will be handed out four times a year, scheduled for March, May, September and November, respectively. The university will provide 1 million yuan 4 (annual) for the subsidies. “Some students from poor families, due to various reasons, are unwilling to apply 5 financial aid. So the university chose to hand out the subsidy cautiously, 6 (hope) to provide real help to the students in need 7 protect their self-esteem (自尊心) at the same time.” said Liang Hongjun, deputy director of the university. The university says it will carry out irregular 8 (check) on the situation of the subsidy receivers 9 (ensure) the money goes to those in need. For those who are facing great financial hardship at present, the university 10 (offer) targeted additional aid after confirmation is made as soon as possible. C 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （2025届广东省华南师范大学附属中学高三下学期综合测试）The king of Benares received news one day 1 a group of outlaws were committing outrages (严重的违法行为) on a distant border of the kingdom. The news angered the King. He quickly gathered his army and started off for the distant border. On their long march, the king and his army made camp for the night 2 they could. One rainy day they stopped in a forest, seeking shelter under the trees. They steamed some peas to feed their horses. A monkey, in a tree nearby saw the horses being fed, and he came 3 (race) down, filled both paws 4 peas, then climbed up to a branch and settled down to eat. 5 as he opened one paw, a single pea fell to the ground. Without 6 (hesitate), the monkey jumped down to hunt for the 7 (lose) pea, and in doing so he dropped all the 8 peas in his paws. The king observed this monkey and turned to his counselor: “Friend, what do you think of this monkey who would give up so much to retrieve so little?” “That’s 9 way of the foolish,” replied the counselor. Then he added, “Great monarch, aren’t we like the monkey in the tree?” The King realized how very foolish he 10 (be) himself to leave his kingdom unguarded, and he and his army returned at once to Benares. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Conservation 核心语法精练（限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、 单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 2 二、 定语从句和其它从句辨析 13 三、写作中定语从句的运用 18 0 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 20 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 21 1、 单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 1．The biggest reason I consider Study Tour is the opportunity to see the world. 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我考虑游学的最大原因是有机会看看世界。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是reason，且关系词在从句中作原因状语，所以应填关系副词why。故填why。 2．I’ve missed you a lot, thinking about those happy moments we stayed with you. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我非常想念你，想念我们和你在一起的那些快乐时光。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词moments，先行词指时间，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 3．It was not easy to recruit 30 boys parents were willing to part with their sons for fifteen years. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：要招募到30名家长愿意将孩子暂时交给自己监护达15年之久的男孩并非易事。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰boys，先行词boys指人，且与从句中的parents为所属关系，故应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 4．The Xinzhai village began to plant coffee trees in 1952, the Chinese people were not yet used to drinking coffee. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：新寨村从1952年开始种植咖啡树，当时中国人民还不习惯喝咖啡。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是1952，关系词指代先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以应用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。 5．Lily looked quickly through the gifts, picking out from the pile anything she liked best. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：莉莉快速浏览了一下这些礼物，从一堆礼物中挑出了她最喜欢的任何东西。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词anything，指物，先行词为不定代词，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作liked的宾语，应用关系代词that。故填that。 6．This is the intelligent girl to I referred yesterday. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我昨天提到的那个聪明的女孩。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the intelligent girl，先行词指人，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作介词to的宾语，应用关系代词 whom。故填whom。 7．Everything changed a few years later when Zane brought me to a huge cave entrance there was an old man living in a small house. 【答案】where 【详解】考查where引导的定语从句。句意：几年后，一切都变了，Zane带我来到一个巨大的洞穴入口，那里有一位老人住在一所小房子里。先行词a huge cave entrance表地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 8．There were no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil so the only fuel we could use was animal fat. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：南极洲没有树木生长，也没有石油，所以我们唯一能使用的燃料是动物脂肪。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是fuel，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作could use的宾语，且先行词前有the only修饰，关系代词只能用that。故填that。 9．Emotions are internal states drive an animal to act a certain way. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：情绪是驱使动物以某种方式行动的内部状态。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词internal states，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 10．Judy is a talent lyrics (歌词) and voice will attract your attention and get your emotions going at the same time. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：朱迪是一位才华出众的人，她的歌词和嗓音会吸引你的注意力，同时还能触动你的情感。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，先行词talent和lyrics (歌词) and voice之间是所属关系，因此用关系代词whose引导定语从句，故填whose。 11．This famous company is looking for people can come up with original and useful ideas. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这家著名的公司正在寻找那些能够提出新颖且实用想法的人才。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 12．There are some things I need to buy before the trip. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：旅行前我有一些东西需要买。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是things，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作buy的宾语，且先行词前有some修饰，此时关系代词只能用that。故填that。 13．A sports psychologist suggests there is something all great athletes have in common: They love competition and deal with stress well. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一位运动心理学家认为，所有伟大的运动员都有一个共同点：他们热爱竞争，能很好地应对压力。设空处引导限制性定语从句，且先行词something为不定代词，故只能用 that引导。故填that。 14．The house, was completed in 1856, was famous for its huge marble stairs. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这座房子于1856年竣工，因其巨大的大理石楼梯而闻名。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，且先行词The house指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，故应用which。故填which。 15．Albert Einstein, is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦，他或许是现代物理学中最伟大的科学家，常被认为是有史以来最聪明的男人之一。________is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics是关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Albert Einstein(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦)。先行词是人，所填关系词在该从句中作主语，只能用关系代词who。故填who。 16．Later, artemisinin was tested on malaria patients, most of recovered. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：后来，青蒿素被用于治疗疟疾患者，其中大多数患者都康复了。逗号后的部分是非限制性定语从句，对先行词patients进行限定说明，先行词指人，在从句中作介词of的宾语，空格处应该用关系代词whom。故填whom。 17．A very different film composer is Tan Dun, has a classical music background, unlike many film composers. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：谭盾是一个非常不同的电影作曲家，他有古典音乐背景，与许多电影作曲家不同。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Tan Dun，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导，故填who。 18．The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, has become an important part of Chinese culture. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：对中国书写系统的高度推崇体现在汉字作为一门艺术形式的发展上，而这种发展已成为中国文化的组成部分。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词an art form进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词which代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填which。 19．There was not much we could do when it was raining outside. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：外面下雨的时候，我们没什么事可做。空处引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词much，关系词在从句中作宾语，只能用that引导，故填that。 20．The marathon runner maintained his steady pace, conserving his energy, and didn’t make his final push until he reached the last mile of the race, the finish line was within sight. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位马拉松运动员保持着稳定的速度，保存着自己的能量，直到跑到比赛的最后一英里，终点线就在眼前，他才做出最后的冲刺。本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the last mile of the race，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。故填where。 21．In the context of globalization, cultural exchanges have become increasingly frequent, the preservation of local traditions faces unique challenges that were not present in the past. 【答案】where 【详解】考查连词。句意：在文化交流日益频繁的全球化背景下，保护地方传统面临着前所未有的独特挑战。先行词为the context of globalization，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。故填where。 22．This type of layout quickly developed and became widely used in subsequent centuries, establishing itself as the most typical approach to traditional Chinese urban planning, was generally acknowledged as the square-block design of towns. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这种布局在随后的几个世纪中迅速发展并得到广泛应用，成为中国传统城市规划最典型的方法，这种方法通常被认为是城镇的方形设计。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the most typical approach，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，因此用which引导。故填which。 23．A long scroll (卷轴) of the “Along the River During the Qingming Festival,” an iconic painting of the Northern Song Dynasty, constructed straight from LEGO bricks, has been on display since Sep 25th. Covering 47 square meters, this LEGO exhibit, has delicately pieced together a marvelous world the old and the new meet. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个乐高展品占地47平方米，精致地拼凑出一个奇妙的世界，在这里新旧交汇。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a marvelous world，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 24．Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：坦尼娅也在关注非正式服装，而不仅仅是特殊场合的礼服，她计划将这些服装打包成胶囊衣橱，提供给旅行者，比如那些前往国外参加婚礼的人，并提供更长期的租赁服务。“____ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes”是非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词less formal clothing，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 25．“The music makes you happy because the melodies are cheerful.” said Tang Baoshan, started learning the folk songs when he was a child and soon demonstrated a talent for the form. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：“音乐让人快乐，因为旋律很欢快。”唐宝山说道，他从小就开始学习民歌，并且很快就展现出了在这方面的天赋。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Tang Baoshan，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。 26．An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 27．The Donglin Academy of Classical Learning was founded during the Northern Song Dynasty. For a long time, it was a place lectures were given by the famous scholar Yang Shi. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：东林书院创建于北宋时期。在很长一段时间里，这里是著名学者杨时讲学的地方。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是a place，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以设空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 28．Through the artwork, the development of Chinese painting between the 4th and 14th centuries can be clearly observed, shows how valuable the Mogao Grottoes are for anyone who wants to study the history of Chinese art. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：通过这些艺术作品，可以清楚地观察到公元4世纪至14世纪中国绘画的发展，这表明了莫高窟对任何想要研究中国艺术史的人来说是多么有价值。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用which引导定语从句。故填which。 29．I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central (center) heating doesn’t exist. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫及他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词the countryside作补充说明，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，因此用关系副词where引导。故填where。 30．The true magic of shadow play lies not just in its making, but in its live performance, a team of puppeteers (木偶操纵师), narrators, and musicians work together in harmony. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：皮影戏的真正魅力不仅在于其制作过程，更在于其现场表演，在这一环节中，一群木偶操纵者、讲述者和乐手们和谐地协作。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词live performance作补充说明，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。 31．The culture of bird-keeping and birdcage-making has been deeply rooted in Hong Kong society since the 1920s and 1930s. In the past, many bird owners would bring their birds to the tea houses they socialized with other bird enthusiasts. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：养鸟和制作鸟笼的文化自20世纪二三十年代起就深深扎根于香港社会。过去，许多养鸟人会把他们的鸟带到茶馆，在那里他们可以和其他爱鸟人士交流。“they socialized with other bird enthusiasts”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the tea houses，先行词将其代入从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 32．The Central Axis dates back to the Yuan Dynasty, while its length was extended in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is an epitome (缩影) of traditional city design, in the central position is the emphasis, indicating the purpose of constructing social order and standardizing social life through the city layout. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中轴线可以追溯到元朝，而在明清时期，它的长度得到了延伸。它是传统城市设计的缩影，在这种设计中，中心位置是重点，表明通过城市布局来构建社会秩序和规范社会生活的目的。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为traditional city design，指物，定语从句中缺少介词in的宾语，故应用which，此处in which引导定语从句，故填which。 33．Covering over 100,000 square meters, it’s now at a stage in its main structure is going through a construction phase, with the main buildings gradually taking shape. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：占地面积达10万平方米，目前该项目正处于主体结构施工阶段，主要建筑正在逐步成型。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句，修饰先行词stage，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词作介词的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。 34．His works blur the line between private and public spaces. What Alejandro Aravena, chair of the Pritzker jury, admires is that Liu “has found a way to build places are a building, landscape and public space at the same time.” 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：普利兹克奖评审团主席Alejandro Aravena称赞刘家琨之处在于，他“找到了一种方法，能够将建筑、景观和公共空间融为一体，打造出兼具这些元素的建筑作品。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词places，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。 35．In addition to the shipwrecks, a variety of artifacts, including pottery, porcelain and ironware, have been unearthed, most of were made in kilns (窑炉) in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, known as China’s “porcelain capital.” 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：除了沉船外，还出土了各种各样的文物，包括陶器、瓷器和铁器，其中大部分是在江西省景德镇的窑里制作的，被称为中国的“瓷器之都”。分析句子，设空处与前文的of构成“介词+关系代词引导”的非限制性定语从句，先行词是artifacts，指物，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 36．Dashuhua is more than a spectacle (精彩表演); it embodies the courage, skill, and perseverance of its performers, fight to keep this cultural treasure alive for future generations. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：打树花不仅仅是一场精彩表演；它体现了表演者的勇气、技巧和毅力，他们为让这一文化瑰宝为子孙后代传承下去而努力。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是performers，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。 37．After learning the real-person video examples demonstrate each sign language word, users can activate the camera, and the app will recognize and assess the accuracy of their sign language gestures. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在学习了展示每个手语单词的真人视频示例后，用户可以打开摄像头，应用程序将识别并评估他们手语手势的准确性。“______ demonstrate each sign language word”是一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the real person video examples，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that/which。 38．According to Chinese legend, the first umbrella in ancient China was invented by Lady Yun, the wife of Lu Ban, a renowned craftsman in Chinese history. At the time, people relied on straw hats and capes during rainy days, proved inconvenient for travel. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：根据中国传说，中国古代的第一把伞是由鲁班的妻子云娘发明的，鲁班是中国历史上著名的工匠。当时，人们在雨天依靠草帽和斗篷，这被证明对出行不便。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 39．In southern China, ____ the climate is warmer and thus there aren't many naturally frozen lakes to enjoy, people will go to indoor rinks (溜冰场) to enjoy the winter fun instead. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在中国南方，气候更温暖，因此没有很多自然结冰的湖泊可供游玩, 人们会去室内溜冰场享受冬季的乐趣。设空处引导非限制性定语从句, 先行词为southern China，表地点，引导词在从句中作状语, 应填关系副词where。故填where。 40．However, none of the 20,000 spectators made their way to the year’s final game had to pay for their tickets, and they were welcome to enjoy the game in creative ways. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，前来观看今年最后一场比赛的两万名观众中，没有人需要为门票付费，而且欢迎他们以创造性的方式欣赏比赛。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代先行词“the 20,000 spectators”，且先行词指人。故填who/that。 41．For the past year, all the leftover food waste from the school has gone into composting containers rather than a landfill it would be buried and would produce planet-warming gases. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在过去的一年里, 学校所有的剩余食物垃圾都被放进了堆肥容器，而不是填埋场，在填埋场，这些食物垃圾会被填埋，产生导致地球变暖的气体。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，先行词为a landfill，表地点， 应用关系副词where。故填where。 42．Craftsmen can make and process the components in advance and quickly put them together on site, is simple and efficient. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：工匠可以提前制作和加工部件，并在现场快速组装，这简单高效。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是空前主句内容讲的事情，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 43．Sitting in Quanzhou City, the ancient Maritime Silk Road started, it has sold like hotcakes at home and abroad since the Song Dynasty. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意: 它位于古代海上丝绸之路的起源地泉州，自宋代以来就在国内外畅销。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词指代先行词Quanzhou City并在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 44．So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：因此，在收到邮件后不久，当负责该项目的Mary Devon教授邀请我到她的实验室观察正在进行的工作时，我感到震惊。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词 Professor Mary Devon，指人，使用关系代词who，故填who。 45．Some of these are famous, but Singapore has one special way, you may not know about. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：其中一些是著名的，但新加坡有一种特殊的方式，你可能不知道。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词way在从句中作about的宾语，故填关系代词which。故填which。 46．Many of the chemicals in fireworks are also persistent in the environment, means they stubbornly sit there instead of breaking down. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：烟花中的许多化学物质也会在环境中持续存在，这意味着它们顽固地停留在那里，而不是分解。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指代整个主句的内容，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 47．Jim Johnson, a mail (carry), was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven, he delivered much more than the mail. 【答案】 carrier where 【详解】考查名词和定语从句。句意：吉姆·约翰逊是一名邮递员，他住在树木繁茂的威斯特摩兰县的韦斯特海文，在那里，他的工作远不止送信。第一空作Jim Johnson的同位语，应用carry的名词形式carrier，意为“运送员”，mail carrier表示“邮递员”，且空前有a，carrier应用单数形式；第二空引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词Westhaven作补充说明，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填①carrier；②where。 48．I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, was a seaside area in Karachi. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢去当地的公园看日落，那是卡拉奇的一个海滨地区。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 local park，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 49．With higher education becoming more accessible across the developing world, gone are the days it was merely a luxury reserved for the privileged elite. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：随着高等教育在发展中国家变得越来越容易，高等教育仅仅是特权精英专属的奢侈品的日子已经一去不复返了。定语从句修饰先行词days，在从句作时间状语。故填when。 50．He tries to create an atmosphere workers can communicate effectively. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他努力创造一个氛围，在这个氛围中员工可以进行有效的交流。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词atmosphere在从句中充当地点状语，故用关系副词where，故填where。 2、 定语从句和其它从句辨析 1.The culture of bird-keeping and birdcage-making has been deeply rooted in Hong Kong society since the 1920s and 1930s. In the past, many bird owners would bring their birds to the tea houses they socialized with other bird enthusiasts. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：过去，许多鸟类主人会把他们的鸟带到茶馆，在那里他们与其他鸟类爱好者交往。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the tea houses，指具体地点，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 2.The Donglin Academy of Classical Learning was founded during the Northern Song Dynasty. For a long time, it was a place lectures were given by the famous scholar Yang Shi. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在很长一段时间里，这里是著名学者杨时讲学的地方。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是a place，在从句中作地点状语，所以设空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 3.Through the artwork, the development of Chinese painting between the 4th and 14th centuries can be clearly observed, shows how valuable the Mogao Grottoes are for anyone who wants to study the history of Chinese art. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：通过这些艺术作品，可以清楚地观察到公元4世纪至14世纪中国绘画的发展，这表明了莫高窟对任何想要研究中国艺术史的人来说是多么有价值。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用which引导定语从句，故填which。 4. But truly twisted her heart at that time,she said, was the backward and dangerous practices of local midwives and the hardships faced by expectant mothers and newborns in Jiaxian. 【答案】what 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：但她说，当时真正让她揪心的是当地助产士落后而危险的做法，以及佳县孕妇和新生儿所面临的困境。这里是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“当时真正让她揪心的是”，所以用what。 5. it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. 【答案】Whether 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：是否有可能培育出像水稻这样的自花授粉植物的杂交品种，仍是一个备受争议的问题。空处引导主语从句，从句中不缺成分，但根据“ a matter of great debate”可知，是否培育出像水稻这样的自花授粉植物的杂交品种是一个备受争议的问题，所以用whether“是否”引导主语从句。该词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Whether。 6.The true magic of shadow play lies not just in its making, but in its live performance, a team of puppeteers (木偶操纵师), narrators, and musicians work together in harmony. 【答案】 62．where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：皮影戏的真正魅力不仅在于其制作过程，更在于其现场表演环节。在这一环节中，一群木偶操纵者、讲述者和乐手们相互协作，共同呈现精彩画面。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词performance，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 7.“Covering over 100,000 square meters, it’s now at a stage in its main structure is going through a construction phase, with the main buildings gradually taking shape. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：占地面积达 10 万平方米，目前该项目正处于主体结构施工阶段，主要建筑正在逐步成型。此处为介词+关系代词结构定语从句，修饰先行词stage，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词作介词的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。 8. makes Yunjin special is its complicated weaving process, requiring two workers to operate a large wooden loom (织布机) together. 【答案】37．What 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：云锦的独特之处在于其复杂的织造工艺，需要两名工人共同操作一台大型木织机。空格处引导主语从句并在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，应用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。 9.The Central Axis dates back to the Yuan Dynasty, while its length was extended in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is an epitome (缩影)of traditional city design, in the central position is the emphasis, indicating the purpose of constructing social order and standardizing social life through the city layout. 【答案】 which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它是传统城市设计的缩影，在这种设计中，中心位置是重点，表明通过城市布局来构建社会秩序和规范社会生活的目的。此处引导定语从句，先行词为traditional city design，指物，定语从句中缺少介词in的宾语，故应用which，此处in which引导定语从句，故填which。 10.In the 4: 02-minute video, it showcases various stages of the robotic production line at its Lingang Fengxian factory in Shanghai, 8 features self-made humanoid robots working alongside human workers. Moreover, the company has established 9 it calls a “data collection factory” for real-world data gathering, including training scenarios such as folding clothes, organizing, cleaning and doing the laundry. 【答案】 8．which 9．what 【解析】8.考查定语从句。句意：在这段4分02秒的视频中，它展示了其位于上海临港奉贤工厂的机器人生产线的各个阶段，其特点是自制的人形机器人与人类工人一起工作。“____ features self made humanoid robots working alongside human workers”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the robotic production line，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 【解析】9．考查宾语从句。句意：此外，该公司还建立了一个它称之为“数据收集工厂”的地方，用于收集现实世界的数据。“____ it calls a ‘data collection factory’”是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物，用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 11.His works blur the line between private and public spaces. What Alejandro Aravena, chair of the Pritzker jury, admires is that Liu “has found a way to build places are a building, landscape and public space at the same time.” 【答案】 that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：普利兹克奖评审团主席亚历杭德罗·阿瓦内亚称赞刘家琨之处在于，他“找到了一种方法，能够将建筑、景观和公共空间融为一体，打造出兼具这些元素的建筑作品。”引导定语从句，先行词“places”在从句中作主语，可用that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 41.Here, a city unfolds before your very eyes 1 you listen to the dialogue between culture and wisdom, interpret the cultural thoughts condensed (浓缩) in a historical context, experience ancient feelings with a poetic flavor, and picture the dream in your minds. 2 it be the tile (瓷砖) technology used to represent ancient wisdom in the reading area, or the bamboo sea display in the children’s reading area that captures a sense of happiness and innocence, or the portrayal of natural scenery in the literary area, the design elements aim to create an ideal destination for the soul, marked by the harmonious coexistence of livability and natural ecology. 【答案】 1．where 2．Whether 【解析】1．考查定语从句。句意：在这里，一座城市在你眼前展开，在这里你可以聆听文化与智慧之间的对话，解读历史背景下浓缩的文化思想，用诗意的情怀体验古老的情感，并在脑海中勾勒出梦想。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a city，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【解析】2．考查固定句型。句意：无论是阅读区用来代表古代智慧的瓷砖技术，还是儿童阅读区捕捉幸福和纯真感觉的竹海展示，还是文学区对自然风光的描绘，设计元素都旨在创造一个理想的灵魂目的地，以宜居性和自然生态的和谐共存为标志。表示“无论是……还是……”，应用固定句式whether...or...。位于句首，故填Whether。 12.Together, they started a project which later became a website called Phoemica, or Xiangyinyuan, recordings of the dialects in danger of dying out are collected and displayed. 【答案】 60．where 60．考查定语从句。句意：他们一起启动了一个项目，这个项目后来变成了一个名为“乡音苑”的网站，在这个网站上，收集并展示了那些濒临消失的方言的录音。分析句子结构可知，　5　recordings of the dialects in danger of dying out are collected and displayed是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a website，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 13.On August 5, 2024, Chinese badminton player He Bingjiao won a silver medal at the Paris Olympics. However, truly stood out was a touching moment on the podium (领奖台). 【答案】36．what 36．考查主语从句。句意：然而，真正引人注目的是领奖台上的一个感人时刻。分析句子可知，句子为主语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物，没有选择范围，故应用“what”引导从句。故填what。 14.After learning the real-person video examples demonstrate each sign language word, users can activate the camera, and the app will recognize and assess the accuracy of their sign language gestures. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：用户学习完展示每个手语词汇的真人视频示例后，可以激活摄像头，应用将识别并评估用户手语手势的准确性。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词examples，从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 15.This type of layout quickly developed and became widely used in subsequent centuries, establishing itself as the most typical approach to traditional Chinese urban planning, was generally acknowledged as the square-block design of towns. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这种布局在随后的几个世纪中迅速发展并得到广泛应用，成为中国传统城市规划最典型的方法，这种方法通常被认为是城镇的方形设计。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the most typical approach，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，故填which。 16.Pioneer China may be in the development of umbrellas, similar devices appeared in other ancient civilizations, such as Egypt, Assyria, and Greece, primarily for sun protection. 【答案】as/though 【解析】考查状语从句和倒装。句意：虽然中国可能是伞发展的先驱，但在其他古代文明如埃及、亚述和希腊也出现了类似的设备，主要用于遮阳。此空前为形容词，运用了倒装结构，结合句意可知，此处为as或though引导的让步状语从句，即“adj.+as/though+主语+谓语”。故填as/though。 17.The durability of the wooden buildings has stood the test of time, of the Forbidden City is a good example. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：木制建筑的耐久性经受住了时间的考验，紫禁城就是一个很好的例子。“of ________  the Forbidden City is a good example”为之前“The durability of the wooden buildings”的非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作介词“of”的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。 18.One newly uploaded video showed she turned a woodshed into a woodland cloakroom (衣帽间), and the other showcased her craft using the intangible cultural heritage Chinese lacquerware (漆器) techniques. 【答案】how 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：一个新上传的视频展示了她是如何将木屋改造成森林衣帽间的，另一个则展示了她运用非物质文化遗产——中国漆器技术的手工艺。此处为连接词引导宾语从句，且从句中不缺主宾等成分，根据句意可知，此处表示“如何”，应用连接副词how。故填how。 19.A long scroll (卷轴) of the “Along the River During the Qingming Festival,” an iconic painting of the Northern Song Dynasty, constructed straight from LEGO bricks, has been on display since Sep 25th. Covering 47 square meters, this LEGO exhibit, has delicately pieced together a marvelous world the old and the new meet. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个乐高展品占地47平方米，精致地拼凑出一个奇妙的世界，在这里新旧交汇。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a marvelous world，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 20.“The music makes you happy because the melodies are cheerful.” said Tang Baoshan, started learning the folk songs when he was a child and soon demonstrated a talent for the form. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“音乐让人快乐，因为旋律很欢快。”唐宝山说道，他从小就开始学习民歌，并且很快就展现出了在这方面的天赋。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Tang Baoshan，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。 三、写作中定语从句的运用 Ⅰ.用定语从句补全句子 1．在我们的日常生活中，我们对某件事情会有自己的不同于他人的观点。 In our daily life, we will have our own point of view about something, ___________________________________. 2．我们都知道，当我们需要帮助时，我们的朋友会伸出援手，他们会帮我们渡过难关。 _____________________________________________,our friends lend us a helping hand when we need help and they help us get through difficult situations. 3．他谈到了他在那个国家所见到的人和所参观的地方。 He talked about the people and the place that . 4．这是一份很困难而且很有压力的工作，但却是一份能真正帮助别人的工作。 This is a difficult and stressful job but one _____________________________________________. 5． 没经历过暴风雨的水手永远不会成为一名优秀的水手。 A sailor_____________________________________________will never become an excellent sailor. 【答案】1.which_is_different_from_others 2.As_we_all_know 3.he had visited in that country 4.where_you_can_really_help_people. 5.who_has_experienced_no_storm Ⅱ.定语从句写作练习 1.我写信邀请你参加下周六在我们学校举办的音乐节。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2.我英语很熟练，这使得我与外国人自由交谈成为可能。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 3.这场音乐会，其中包括由才华横溢的学生们表演的各种精彩节目，将于下周日上午在我校大厅举行。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 4.任何想参加该活动的同学，可以通过lihua@123.com与李华联系。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 5.以下是一些关于学习汉语的建议，希望能对你有帮助。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6.强烈推荐中国书法，这是了解中国深厚文化的窗口。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 7.北京有很多景点，其中最迷人的景点是长城。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 8.我明天下午没空的原因是我要参加一个重要的班会。(道歉信) _______________________________________________________________________________ 9.你有必要好好休息，这将为你提供足够的能量。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 10.令我非常高兴的是，一个著名的新体育场已经建成，它已成为我们学校的地标。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 11.在课堂上，你将主要学习唐诗，它反映了中国传统文化，深受中国人的喜爱。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 12.你最好在课前做好充分的准备，对唐朝的历史有一个简单的了解，这样你就能很容易地完成整个课程。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 1. I’m writing to invite you to take part in the music festival which/that will be held in our school next Saturday. 2. I have a good command of English, which makes it possible for me to communicate with foreigners freely. 3. The concert, which includes various fantastic performances played by 4. talented students, will be held in the school hall next Sunday morning. Anyone who wants to take part in this activity can email Li Hua at lihua@123.com. 5. Here are some tips about how to learn Chinese, which I hope will be of great benefit to you. 6. Chinese calligraphy is highly recommended, which serves as a window into profound Chinese culture./ It is highly recommended that you learn Chinese calligraphy, which is a window into its profound culture. 7.Beijing has many attractions, the most fascinating of which is the Great Wall. 8.The reason why I won't be available tomorrow afternoon is that I have to care for my sick grandfather. 9.It is necessary for you to take a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you. 10.To my great joy, a famous new stadium has been put up, which has become the landmark in our school. 11.In the class, you will mainly learn Tang poetry, which reflects traditional Chinese culture and is deeply loved by Chinese. 12.You'd better make full preparations before class and have a brief understanding of the history of Tang Dynasty, which makes it easy for you to go through the class. III.请按以下内容要点写一篇有关你的同学Kate的英语短文，尽可能多地使用定语从句。 1．我有一个同学叫Kate，她的妈妈是我以前的英语老师。 2．Kate是一个容易相处的人，我们都喜欢她。 3．Kate在此次口语竞赛中获得第一名，这使得她妈妈很高兴。 4．新年就要到了，到时Kate会和她妈妈一起去香港。 5．众所周知，香港是一个购物天堂，Kate打算在那里买她需要的东西。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： I have a classmate called Kate, whose mother is my former English teacher. Kate is a girl who is easy to get along with and we all like her. Kate took the first place in the Speech Contest, which makes her mother happy. The New Year is coming, when Kate will go to Hong Kong together with her mother. As we all know, Hong Kong is a shopping paradise, where Kate intends to buy what she needs. 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 1. Reading Passage A Extinctions, where entire species are wiped out, are not unusual in our Earth's history. In fact over 90 percent of all species 1_______ ever lived are now extinct. In the last 500million years, there have been five times when life on Earth has almost ended. These include the third mass extinction, 2_________(know) as the“ Great Dying”, which killed 90% to 96% of all species. And the fifth event, 3_________ occurred 66 million years ago, caused the death of the dinosaurs. The reasons for extinctions are 4________(vary). According to scientists, they include volcanic eruptions, asteroids hitting the Earth from space, changes in seal levels, the decrease of the oxygen content of the sea and global warming. Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth's sixth mass extinction. This time, human activity will be to blame. 5_________it is not unusual for species to die out naturally, the rate 6_______ which this is now happening is cause for concern. A 2015 study by scientists who were 7_________(base) at Brown University and Duke University in the US, looked at how quickly species die out due to natural causes, that is, the background extinction rate”. They found that human activity is causing species to die out 1000 times 8________ (fast) than normal. There is a long list of reasons why so many species are dying out, air and water pollution, forests being destroyed, factory farming and overfishing. It is clear that human activity has 9_____________ (negative) affected all other species on Earth, 10 __________(include) animals and plants. Passage B The Old Town of Lijiang This site is a few hours bus-ride away from the ancient city of Dali in Yunnan Province. 1. ____________(Surround) by fields, mountains and rivers, the Old Town of Lijiang looks like a jade ink stone in spring and summer. Each year, many foreign tourists 2__________(visit) the Old Town, and the place is like “Venice in the East” to them. There are narrow alleys, pretty streams, small stone bridges and houses with 3_________(carve)doors and painted windows. Passage C So why is nature beginning to turn on us? One answer is overpopulation. The population of the world 1_________(grow) at the rate of 10,000 people an hour, nearly90 million a year. Most of the 2_________(grow)is in the developing world. Poor people in 3___________(agriculture) areas often move to the cities. They build homes from 4___________materials they can find. These homes can 5_________(easy) collapse during earthquakes or slip and slide downhill in landslides, especially after heavy rain. 6_______ top of that, there is the added aspect of global warming. This has mainly been caused by the huge amounts of carbon dioxide 7__________(produce) by factories and vehicles. The 8_________(destroy) of the world's forests plays a part, too. AS a result, a hotter ocean causes 9__________(strong)winds. Atlantic hurricanes are 40% stronger now than they 10_________(be)30 years ago. 课文重点内容回顾 Passage A 1.that 2.known 3.which 4.varied 5.Although 6.at 7.based 8.faster 9.negatively 10.including Passage B 1.Surrounded 2.visit 3.carved Passage C 1. is growing 2.growth 3.agricultural 4.whatever 5.easily 1. On 7.produced 8.destruction 9.stronger 10.were 2. Extended reading SMALL WASTE, BIG PROBLEM Many of us might not give a second thought to 21 (drop) a small piece of litter. After all, if it is so small, it cannot possibly be that harmful, can it? In today’s world, the answer is certainly “Yes it can!” 22 the growing use of plastic bags and the rising number of smokers, there is more litter being produced than ever before. Although cigarette butts are small, they are bad for the environment. Worldwide, about 4.3 trillion cigarette butts 23 (litter) every year. As well as spoiling the beauty of the environment, they contain toxic 24 (chemical). These find their way into the water supply where they affect water quality 25 endanger plants and animals. Cigarette butts can take up to 25 years to break down. So, if people have an urge 26 (smoke), they should dispose of the butts properly in 27 rubbish bin. Plastic bags are another common form of litter that is dangerous to the environment. 28 (blow) by wind, they can float and travel long distances. They find their way to rivers, parks, beaches, and oceans. They can last for hundreds of years in the environment. We should not let plastic bags become litter. We should use 29 (few) plastic bags, and reuse and recycle 30 we have already used. 【答案】 21．dropping 22．With 23．are littered 24．chemicals 25．and 26．to smoke 27．a 28．Blown 29．fewer 30．what 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是乱扔垃圾（尤其是烟头和塑料袋）对环境的危害，并呼吁人们减少垃圾的产生、正确处理垃圾以及重复利用和回收资源。 21．考查动名词。句意：我们中的许多人可能想都不去想就扔掉一小块垃圾。to是介词，空格处用动名词dropping作宾语，故填dropping。 22．考查介词。句意：随着塑料袋使用量的增加和吸烟者人数的增加，产生的垃圾比以往任何时候都多。根据语境可知，句子表示“随着塑料袋使用量的增加和吸烟者人数的增加，产生的垃圾比以往任何时候都多”，空格处用with表伴随，位于句首，首字母大写，故填With。 23．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：全世界每年大约有4.3万亿个烟头被丢弃。烟头是被丢，由every year可知，时态是一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语4.3 trillion cigarette butts是复数，因此空格处是are littered。故填are littered。 24．考查名词复数。句意：它们不仅破坏了环境之美，还含有有毒化学物质。chemical意为“化学物质”，是可数名词，有很多，因此用复数，故填chemicals。 25．考查连词。句意：它们会进入供水系统，影响水质，危害动植物。 affect water quality和endanger plants and animals之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此用and表并列，故填and。 26．考查不定式。句意：所以，如果人们有吸烟的冲动，他们应该把烟蒂扔进垃圾桶。have an urge to do sth.是固定短语，意为“有做某事的冲动”，因此空格处用不定式to smoke，故填to smoke。 27．考查冠词。句意：所以，如果人们有吸烟的冲动，他们应该把烟蒂扔进垃圾桶。rubbish bin是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，rubbish是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 28．考查非谓语动词。句意：在风的吹拂下，它们可以漂浮并传播很远的距离。句中谓语是can float and travel，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Blown。 29．考查形容词比较级。句意：我们应该少用塑料袋，再利用和回收我们已经用过的东西。根据语境可知，句子表示“我们应该少用塑料袋”，空格处意为“更少的”，因此空格处用形容词比较级fewer，故填fewer。 30．考查宾语从句。句意：我们应该少用塑料袋，再利用和回收我们已经用过的东西。空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“再利用和回收我们已经用过的东西”，因此用what引导宾语从句，故填what。 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2023-2024学年高二上·湖北十堰·阶段练习）The time-consuming process of carving a stone while keeping its natural textures (材质) and unique beauty can be used 1 a metaphor for an education that helps each individual pupil to achieve their full potential. The ink stones produced in Anhui’s Shexian county, which are made of a local black slate (石板), are 2 (high) well-known for their ability 3 (keep) the ink wet for a long time and their beautiful engraved patterns full of complex details. 4 (make) a quality ink stone requires religious craftsmanship, super skill and passion for traditional culture. That’s 5 Hu Qiusheng, an ink stone carver and engrave in Shexian, has pursued and passed down in his family. Four decades of handiwork has deformed his fingers, 6 won him many awards in the field of crafts and fine arts. He 7 (train) hundreds of craftsmen, dozens of whom have become successors of the intangible (非物质的) cultural heritage at the municipal or provincial level. Hu’s own company, one of the county’s leading ink stone producers, often initiates and sponsors a series of 8 (competition) that encourage younger generations of ink stone makers to display 9 (they) skills and further develop the craft. In the late 1960s, he first got to know about the craft from his father. Back then, a single ink stone could sometimes be worth a ton of wheat. “I knew it was very 10 (value),” Hu says. 【答案】 1．as 2．highly 3．to keep 4．Making 5．what 6．but 7．has trained 8．competitions 9．their 10．valuable 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了安徽歙县砚台雕刻师胡秋生对砚台雕刻工艺的追求、传承以及他为推动这一传统工艺发展所做的努力。 1．考查介词。句意：雕琢石头，同时保留其天然纹理和独特之美的耗时过程，可以被用作一种教育的隐喻，这种教育帮助每个学生充分发挥他们的潜力。be used as为固定短语，意为“被用作”，所以此处用介词as。故填as。 2．考查副词。句意：安徽歙县生产的砚台，由当地的黑色石板制成，因其能长时间保持墨汁湿润以及其精美的雕刻图案，图案中充满复杂细节而闻名遐迩。此处修饰形容词well - known，应用副词highly，意为“非常，很”，作状语。故填highly。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：安徽歙县生产的砚台，由当地的黑色石板制成，因其能长时间保持墨汁湿润以及其精美的雕刻图案，图案中充满复杂细节而闻名遐迩。ability后常接动词不定式作后置定语，the ability to do sth.意为“做某事的能力”，所以此处用to keep。故填to keep。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：制作一块高品质的砚台需要虔诚的工艺精神、高超的技艺以及对传统文化的热爱。此处作主语，应用动名词形式making。句首单词首字母大写。故填Making。 5．考查表语从句。句意：这正是歙县砚台雕刻师胡秋生一直追求并在家族中传承的东西。此处为连接词引导的表语从句作That’s的表语，从句中缺少宾语，且指物，所以用连接代词what。故填what。 6．考查连词。句意：四十年的手工劳作使他的手指变形，但也为他在工艺和美术领域赢得了许多奖项。前半句说手指变形，后半句说获奖，前后是转折关系，所以用连词but。故填but。 7．考查动词时态。句意：他已经培训了数百名工匠，其中数十人已成为市级或省级非物质文化遗产传承人。根据语境及“have become”可知，此处强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语He是第三人称单数，所以用has trained。故填has trained。 8．考查名词复数。句意：胡秋生自己的公司是该县主要的砚台生产商之一，经常发起并赞助一系列比赛，鼓励年轻一代的砚台制作师展示他们的技艺，并进一步发展这一工艺。competition为可数名词，空前有a series of修饰，所以用复数形式competitions作宾语。故填competitions。 9．考查代词。句意：胡秋生自己的公司是该县主要的砚台生产商之一，经常发起并赞助一系列比赛，鼓励年轻一代的砚台制作师展示他们的技艺，并进一步发展这一工艺。此处修饰名词skills，应用形容词性物主代词their，表示“他们的”。故填their。 10．考查形容词。句意：“我知道它非常珍贵，”胡秋生说。此处作表语，应用形容词valuable，意为“珍贵的”。故填valuable。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （2024届河北省雄安新区部分高三下学期全过程纵向评价）Hunan University of Science and Technology has announced that 1 (base) on a big data analysis of students’ cafeteria consumption, meal subsidies (补贴) will be given to 2,000 students who have visited the cafeterias on campus very often but spent much less than average. The subsidy doesn’t require an 2 (apply) and will be credited directly into the meal cards of the qualified students, 3 names won’t be released. The meal subsidies will be handed out four times a year, scheduled for March, May, September and November, respectively. The university will provide 1 million yuan 4 (annual) for the subsidies. “Some students from poor families, due to various reasons, are unwilling to apply 5 financial aid. So the university chose to hand out the subsidy cautiously, 6 (hope) to provide real help to the students in need 7 protect their self-esteem (自尊心) at the same time.” said Liang Hongjun, deputy director of the university. The university says it will carry out irregular 8 (check) on the situation of the subsidy receivers 9 (ensure) the money goes to those in need. For those who are facing great financial hardship at present, the university 10 (offer) targeted additional aid after confirmation is made as soon as possible. 【答案】 1．based 2．application 3．whose 4．annually 5．for 6．hoping 7．and 8．checks 9．to ensure 10．will offer 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了湖南科技大学一项基于学生食堂消费大数据分析的餐补政策。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：湖南科技大学宣布，基于对学生食堂消费的大数据分析，将对2000名经常光顾校园食堂但花费远低于平均水平的学生发放餐补。“be based on”为固定短语，意为“基于”，that从句中已有谓语动词“will be given”，base需用非谓语形式，省略be动词，用过去分词based作状语，表示“基于……”，故填based。 2．考查名词。句意：这项补贴无需申请，将直接打入符合条件的学生饭卡中，这些学生的姓名不会被公布。根据空前的不定冠词“an”可知，此处应用名词application，意为“申请”，作宾语，故填application。 3．考查定语从句。句意：这项补贴无需申请，将直接打入符合条件的学生饭卡中，这些学生的姓名不会被公布。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“students”，指人，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰“names”，表示“学生们的名字”，所以用关系代词whose引导该定语从句，故填whose。 4．考查副词。句意：学校每年将为这些补贴提供100万元。此处修饰动词“provide”，应用副词annually，意为“每年地”，故填annually。 5．考查介词。句意：该校副校长梁宏军表示：“一些来自贫困家庭的学生，由于各种原因，不愿意申请经济援助。”apply for为固定短语，意为“申请”，所以此处填for。故填for。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：所以学校谨慎地选择发放补贴，希望在保护他们自尊心的同时，给有需要的学生提供真正的帮助。句子已有谓语动词“chose”，hope需用非谓语形式。hope与逻辑主语“the university”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词hoping作状语，故填hoping。 7．考查连词。句意：所以学校谨慎地选择发放补贴，希望在保护他们自尊心的同时，给有需要的学生提供真正的帮助。“provide real help to the students in need”与“protect their self-esteem (自尊心) at the same time”是并列关系，所以用并列连词and连接，故填and。 8．考查名词复数。句意：学校表示将不定期检查补贴领取者的情况，以确保这笔钱发放给有需要的人。check意为“检查”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指的“检查”，应用复数形式checks，故填checks。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：学校表示将不定期检查补贴领取者的情况，以确保这笔钱发放给有需要的人。“检查补贴领取者情况”的目的是“确保钱发放给有需要的人”，此处表示目的，所以用动词不定式to ensure作目的状语，故填to ensure。 10．考查动词时态。句意：对于目前面临巨大经济困难的学生，学校将在确认后尽快提供有针对性的额外援助。结合语意可知，“提供额外援助”这个动作还未发生，应用一般将来时，其结构为“will +动词原形”，所以用will offer，故填will offer。 C 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （2025届广东省华南师范大学附属中学高三下学期综合测试）The king of Benares received news one day 1 a group of outlaws were committing outrages (严重的违法行为) on a distant border of the kingdom. The news angered the King. He quickly gathered his army and started off for the distant border. On their long march, the king and his army made camp for the night 2 they could. One rainy day they stopped in a forest, seeking shelter under the trees. They steamed some peas to feed their horses. A monkey, in a tree nearby saw the horses being fed, and he came 3 (race) down, filled both paws 4 peas, then climbed up to a branch and settled down to eat. 5 as he opened one paw, a single pea fell to the ground. Without 6 (hesitate), the monkey jumped down to hunt for the 7 (lose) pea, and in doing so he dropped all the 8 peas in his paws. The king observed this monkey and turned to his counselor: “Friend, what do you think of this monkey who would give up so much to retrieve so little?” “That’s 9 way of the foolish,” replied the counselor. Then he added, “Great monarch, aren’t we like the monkey in the tree?” The King realized how very foolish he 10 (be) himself to leave his kingdom unguarded, and he and his army returned at once to Benares. 【答案】 1． that 2．wherever 3．racing 4．with 5．But 6．hesitation 7．lost 8．other 9．the 10．had been 【导语】本文是一篇寓言故事。文章主要讲述了贝拿勒斯的国王因听闻边境暴乱而匆忙出征，途中通过观察猴子因小失大的行为，最终醒悟并放弃征战、返回守护王国的故事。 1．考查同位语从句。句意：一天，贝拿勒斯的国王得到消息，一群不法分子正在王国遥远的边境上作恶。本空引导同位语从句，解释说明名词news的具体内容，从句不缺少成分或含义，应用that引导。故填that。 2．考查地点状语从句。句意：在漫长的行军途中，国王和他的军队在任何可能的地方扎营过夜。此处表示“无论哪里，任何……的地方”，应用wherever“无论何处”引导地点状语从句。故填wherever。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：附近树上的一只猴子看到马在吃东西，就飞快地跑下来，两只爪子都装满了豌豆，然后爬上一根树枝，坐下来吃。本句已有谓语动词came，空处应用非谓语动词，monkey与race“急速跳动”之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作状语。故填racing。 4．考查介词。句意：附近树上的一只猴子看到马在吃东西，就飞快地跑下来，两只爪子都装满了豌豆，然后爬上一根树枝，坐下来吃。fill...with...为固定短语，表示“用……填满……”。故填with。 5．考查连词。句意：但是当他打开一只爪子时，一颗豌豆掉到了地上。此处表示转折关系，应用连词but，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填But。 6．考查名词。句意：猴子毫不犹豫地跳下去寻找丢失的豌豆，这样做的时候，他把爪子里的所有豌豆都掉了。本空作介词Without的宾语，应用名词hesitation，表示“犹豫”。故填hesitation。 7．考查形容词。句意：猴子毫不犹豫地跳下去寻找丢失的豌豆，这样做的时候，他把爪子里的所有豌豆都掉了。本空修饰名词pea，表示“丢失的”，应用形容词lost，作定语。故填lost。 8．考查形容词。句意：猴子毫不犹豫地跳下去寻找丢失的豌豆，这样做的时候，他把爪子里的所有豌豆都掉了。本空修饰名词peas，表示“其余的”，应用形容词other。故填other。 9．考查冠词。句意：“那是愚蠢者的方式，”顾问回答说。特指“愚蠢者的方式”，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 10．考查时态。句意：国王意识到自己让王国无人守卫是多么愚蠢，于是他和军队立刻返回了贝拿勒斯。本空在宾语从句中作谓语，根据语境及主句谓语realized可知，从句中描述的是realized之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”，时态应用过去完成时。故填had been。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$