Unit 2 Greener Planet,Better Home（知识清单）英语新教材仁爱科普版九年级上册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统整合了“绿色地球，美好家园”主题内容，涵盖环保主题词汇、动词与介词短语、实用交际句型、核心语法（现在完成时及前缀re-）和写作模块，构建了从基础词汇积累到句型应用，再到语法深化和写作输出的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类梳理与关联整合呈现知识体系，如主题词汇按词性分类，短语分动词与介词模块，语法部分设规则表、易错警示及中考词汇汇总，写作提供框架、素材与范文，体现知识点的完整性和条理性。特别设计“写作佳句”“高分句型”等应用提示，如“sort out rubbish to protect our environment”助力语言能力提升，延续性动词转换表培养思维品质，分层练习题支持不同水平学生自主学习，教师可据此精准设计教学活动，提升课堂实效。

Unit 2 Greener Planet,Better Home 主 题 词 汇 1. pollution n.污染 2. union n.联合会；协会；同盟 3. wastewater n.废水 4. awareness n.认识；知道；意识；兴趣 5. whale n.鲸 6. giraffe n.长颈鹿 7. eagle n.雕；鹰 8. dolphin n.海豚 9. sort v.把……分类；整理 n.种类；类别 10. journalist n.新闻记者；新闻工作者 11. interview v., n.记者采访；面试 12. environmental adj.自然环境的 13. organization n.组织；团体；机构 14. pardon excl.什么，请再说一遍 v., n.原谅 15. recycle v.回收利用；再利用 16. toilet n.厕所；卫生间；盥洗室 17. donate v.捐赠，赠送 18. charity n.慈善机构(或组织)；慈善事业 19. loudspeaker n.扬声器；扩音器；喇叭 20. negative adj.坏的；有害的 21. blood n.血 22. waste bin n.垃圾箱；垃圾桶 23. grey adj.灰色的；灰白色的 24. correctly adv.准确无误地；正确地；恰当地 25. cooperate v.合作；协作 26. ever adv.曾经；在任何时候，从来 27. found v.创建，创办 28. award v.授予；颁发 n.奖；奖品 29. medal n.奖章 30. honour n., v.尊敬，尊重 31. introduction n.介绍；序言；引言；导论 32. ant n.蚂蚁 33. suffer v.(因疾病、痛苦等)受苦，受折磨；遭受 34. carbon n.碳 35. tick v.打对号；标记号 36. packaging n.外包装；包装材料 37. cloth n.织物；布料 38. greening n.绿化 39. process n.过程；进程 40. lung n.肺 短 语 一、动词短语 1. raise one’s awareness (提高意识) We should raise our awareness of environmental protection.（我们应当提高环保意识。） 2. sort rubbish (将垃圾分类) People are supposed to sort rubbish before throwing it away.（人们扔垃圾前应该先进行分类。） 3. recycle waste materials (回收废弃物) We can recycle waste materials to cut down pollution.（我们可以回收废弃物来减少污染。） 4. pour wastewater (排放废水) Factories shouldn’t pour wastewater into rivers or lakes.（工厂不应该向河湖中排放废水。） 5. cooperate with each other (互相合作) We must cooperate with each other to protect our earth.（我们必须携手合作保护地球。） 6. take action (采取行动) Everyone should take action to save wild animals.（每个人都应该采取行动拯救野生动物。） 7. set up nature parks (建立自然公园) The government has set up many nature parks for wildlife.（政府已经为野生动物建立了许多自然公园。） 二、介词短语 1. in the past few years (在过去的几年里) Great changes in city greening have taken place in the past few years.（过去几年，城市绿化发生了巨大变化。） 2. instead of (代替；而不是) We can use reusable bags instead of plastic bags.（我们可以使用环保袋，而不用塑料袋。） 3. because of pollution (由于污染) Many wild animals lost their homes because of pollution.（很多野生动物因为污染失去了家园。） 4. with our joint efforts (通过我们共同的努力) Our world will become greener with our joint efforts.（通过我们共同的努力，世界将会变得更加绿色。） 5. against environmental pollution (对抗环境污染) We should do something against environmental pollution.（我们应该做些事情来对抗环境污染。） 6. for a better home (为了一个更好的家园) Lots of volunteers work hard for a better home.（许多志愿者为了更好的家园而努力工作。） 7. in danger of pollution (面临污染的危险) Some sea animals are in danger of pollution.（一些海洋动物正面临污染带来的危险。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、询问环境问题 1. Have you noticed serious pollution around our city?（你注意到我们城市周边严重的污染了吗？） 2. What kinds of environmental problems do you know about?（你知道哪些环境方面的问题？） 3. How has our local environment changed in the past few years?（过去几年我们当地的环境发生了怎样的变化？） 4. What can we students do to protect our planet?（我们学生可以做些什么来保护地球？） 5. Do you often sort rubbish in your daily life?（你在日常生活中会将垃圾分类吗？） 6. Which green activity do you think is the most helpful?（你认为哪一项环保活动最有帮助？） 7. Would you like to work with us to save wild animals?（你愿意和我们一起行动，保护野生动物吗？） 二、谈论现状与给出环保建议 1. The most welcome change was that the river became much cleaner.（最令人欣喜的变化就是河水变得干净多了。） 2. I’ll never forget the day when I joined a tree‑planting activity.（我永远不会忘记那天我参加植树活动的经历。） 3. It was the first time I had seen so many birds return to the lake.（那是我第一次看见这么多鸟儿重新飞回湖边。） 4. Our living environment has improved a lot with everyone’s efforts.（在大家的努力下，我们的居住环境改善了很多。） 5. People used to drop rubbish everywhere, but now they recycle waste materials.（人们过去随手乱扔垃圾，但是现在开始回收废弃物。） 6. We should stop factories from pouring wastewater into rivers.（我们应当阻止工厂向河流排放废水。） 7. It is our duty to make our planet greener for a better home.（让地球更绿、家园更美是我们的责任。） 三、表达看法与观点 1. I believe small actions can make a big difference to our environment.（我相信微小的行动就能对环境产生巨大影响。） 2. In my opinion, rubbish‑sorting is one of the simplest ways to cut down pollution.（在我看来，垃圾分类是减少污染最简单的方式之一。） 3. It seems to me that more trees are needed to improve city air.（在我看来，我们需要更多树木来改善城市空气。） 4. I don’t think it’s difficult for us to live a low‑carbon life.（我认为过低碳生活对我们来说并不难。） 5. As far as I know, many wild animals are in danger because of pollution.（据我所知，很多野生动物正因为污染而处于危险之中。） 6. I feel worried when I see factories pollute the rivers.（当我看见工厂污染河流的时候我感到很担忧。） 7. We all should play an important part in environmental protection.（我们所有人都应该在环保中发挥重要作用。） 四、邀约、号召他人参与环保行动 1. Why not take part in our weekend tree‑planting activity?（为什么不来参加我们周末的植树活动呢？） 2. Would you mind joining us to clean up the park this Sunday?（你介意本周日和我们一起打扫公园吗？） 3. Let’s try our best to recycle waste things from now on.（从现在起，让我们尽力回收废弃物。） 4. Shall we give some advice on protecting our environment?（我们要不要给出一些保护环境的建议？） 5. It’s a good chance for us to do something for our earth.（这是我们为地球做点事情的好机会。） 6. Could you please remind your family to sort rubbish at home?（你能不能提醒你的家人在家做好垃圾分类？） 7. Everyone is welcome to do small things for a greener planet.（欢迎每个人都为更绿色的地球做些小事。） 五、谈论危害与后果 1. Too much pollution is harmful to people’s lungs and health.（过多的污染会损害人们的肺部与身体健康。） 2. If we keep polluting rivers, more water animals will lose their homes.（如果我们持续污染河流，更多水生动物将会失去家园。） 3. Air pollution may bring us many kinds of health problems.（空气污染可能会带给我们各种各样的健康问题。） 4. Without enough green trees, our city will become hotter and hotter.（没有足够多的绿树，我们的城市将会变得越来越热。） 5. Some sea animals are in danger because of water pollution.（一些海洋动物因为水污染正处在危险之中。） 6. Rubbish in the lake can stop fish from living there.（湖里的垃圾会让鱼类无法在那里生存。） 7. Bad environment will influence our daily life in many ways.（恶劣的环境会在很多方面影响我们的日常生活。） 语法 现在完成时和前缀re- 写作 环境保护 一、知识点精讲 1. sort v.把……分类；整理 n.种类；类别 【详解】 ① sort out 整理；挑出 ② a sort of 一种…… ③ all sorts of 各种各样的 【写作佳句】 We should sort out rubbish to protect our environment. 我们应当把垃圾分类来保护环境。 2. interview v., n.记者采访；面试 【详解】 ① interview sb. 采访某人；面试某人 ② have an interview with sb. 采访某人 ③ give an interview 接受采访 ④ interviewer n. 采访者；面试官 ⑤ interviewee n. 被采访者；受访者 【写作佳句】 Some reporters will interview us about our environment‑protection activities. 一些记者将会就我们的环保活动采访我们。 3. environmental adj.自然环境的 【详解】 ① environment n. 环境 ② environmental problems 环境问题 ③ environmental protection 环境保护 【写作佳句】 More and more people begin to pay attention to environmental problems. 越来越多的人开始关注环境问题。 4. recycle v.回收利用；再利用 【详解】 ① recycle waste paper 回收废纸 ② recycle plastic bottles 回收塑料瓶 ③ recycling n.回收利用 ④ recyclable adj. 可回收利用的 【写作佳句】 It’s a good habit to recycle plastic bottles in our daily life. 日常生活中回收塑料瓶是一个好习惯。 5. donate v.捐赠，赠送 【详解】 ① donate sth. to sb./sp. 把某物捐赠给…… ② donate money 捐款 ③ donate to charity 向慈善机构捐赠 ④ donation n. 捐赠；捐款 【写作佳句】 Many people donate money to protect the endangered animals. 很多人捐款用来保护濒危动物。 6. charity n.慈善机构(或组织)；慈善事业 【详解】 ① do sth. for charity 为慈善事业做某事 ② raise money for charity 为慈善筹款 ③ charitable adj. 慈善的 【写作佳句】 We can raise money for charity to improve our living environment. 我们可以为慈善筹款来改善我们的生存环境。 7. negative adj.坏的；有害的 【详解】 ① have a negative influence on… 对……产生负面影响 ② negative effects 负面影响 ③ positive adj. 积极的；正面的（反义词） 【易混辨析】 negative：消极的、有害的，多用来修饰事物带来不好的影响； positive：积极的、有益的，用来表示正面、有利的效果。 【写作佳句】 Pollution has a negative influence on our health. 污染对我们的健康有着有害的影响。 8. correctly adv.准确无误地；正确地；恰当地 【详解】 ① correct adj. 正确的 ② correct v. 改正；纠正 ③ correction n. 改正；修正 ④ sort rubbish correctly 正确垃圾分类 【写作佳句】 If we sort rubbish correctly, our city will become much cleaner. 如果我们正确地进行垃圾分类，我们的城市将会干净得多。 9. cooperate v.合作；协作 【详解】 ① cooperate with sb. 与某人合作 ② cooperate to do sth. 合作去做某事 ③ cooperation n. 合作；协作 ④ cooperative adj. 合作的 【写作佳句】 Everyone should cooperate to fight against pollution. 每个人都应当协作，共同对抗污染。 10. suffer v.(因疾病、痛苦等)受苦，受折磨；遭受 【详解】 ① suffer from 遭受；受……折磨 ② suffer pain 遭受痛苦 ③ suffering n. 痛苦；苦难 【写作佳句】 Lots of wild animals are suffering from serious pollution now. 现如今很多野生动物正遭受严重污染带来的苦难。 11. process n.过程；进程 【详解】 ① in the process of… 在……的过程中 ② a long process 一个漫长的过程 ③ process v. 加工；处理 【写作佳句】 Recycling is a long process which needs everyone’s effort. 回收是一个漫长的过程，需要所有人的努力。 二、核心语法精讲 单元语法：（一）前缀 re re 是动词前缀，意思：再；又；重新，加在动词前面，构成新动词 一、变化规则 规则 示例 绝大多数动词前直接加 re write → rewrite 重写；use → reuse 再利用 部分单词加 re 带连字符（区分旧单词） reopen 重新打开 ⚠️易错警示：remember 不是 re+member！它本身是独立单词，不是前缀 re，不要误判。 二、中考常考词汇汇总 原动词 加前缀 re后的单词 词义 write rewrite 重写 use reuse 再使用，循环利用 cycle recycle 回收利用 start restart 重新开始 turn return 返回；归还 build rebuild 重建 单元语法：（二）现在完成时（2） 现在完成时 定 义 现在全部完成 表示过去发生或者已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 I have seen this movie twice. 现在部分完成 表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 I have lived in Changsha for 3 years. 构 成 have/has+过去分词 标 志 词 already（“ 已经 ”，用于肯定句） He has already got her help. yet（“已经 ”，用于疑问句；“还 ”， 用于否定句） Has he come back yet? He hasn’t come back yet. ever（曾经） This is the best film I have ever seen. never（从没） He has never been to Beijing. for(+时间段) He has been away for two years. since ( +时间点/…ago/从句) He has been an English teacher since 1992. Mr Green has lived in China since five months ago. Mr Green has lived in China since he came to China. 以动作发生的次数为标志，比如 twice, three times。 He says he has been to the USA three times. 以 so far, in the last/past few years, recently 为标志 He has got to Beijing so far. She has studied over 2000 words in the last few years. “终止” 、“延续”的转换 动词从词义上可以分为延续性和非延续性两种。当现在完成时与一段时间连用时，应将非延 续性动词转换为延续性动词。 《猫》已经开演 半个小时了。 “Cats” has begun for half an hour. × “Cats” has been on for half an hour. √ “Cats” has begun. √ 这本字典你买 了多久了? How long have you bought this dictionary? × How long have you had this dictionary? √ 常见短暂性动词与其对应的延续性动词 动词----动词 buy have borrow keep put on wear catch a cold have a cold become be 用“be＋形容词 ”代替 marry be married fall ill be ill fall asleep be asleep wake up be awake die be dead open be open close be closed 用“be＋副词 ”代替 start/begin be on get up be up go out be out leave be away finish be over join be a member/be in 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元话题（绿色地球，美好家园），属于人与自然主题语境。常考写作：介绍身边存在的环境问题、讲述环保行动、提出保护环境的建议、写环保倡议书。 写作核心：熟练使用环保类词汇短语；恰当运用一般现在时、现在完成时介绍环境现状与变化，表达自己对环境保护的看法。 写作体裁以说明文、倡议书、记叙文为主，词数多为 80‑100 词。 2.写作框架 开头：总起，点明保护环境对我们每个人都十分重要。 中间：介绍当下存在的环境问题，列举多条可行的环保行动建议，写出环境前后变化。 结尾：抒发感悟，号召大家一起行动，共同守护绿色家园，展望美好未来。 逻辑句式参考： 开头：It’s very important for us to protect our environment. 中间：Nowadays, some serious pollution is around us. We can do many small things to make a difference to our earth… 结尾：Small actions can lead to big changes. Let’s work together to make our planet greener. 3.写作素材 核心词汇（10个） 1. protect v. 保护 2. pollute v. 污染 → pollution n.污染 3. recycle v. 回收利用 4. improve v. 改善；提高 5. waste n. 废弃物 6. harm v. 伤害；损害 7. avoid v. 避免 8. plant v. 种植 9. activity n. 活动 10. produce v. 产生 核心短语（10个） 1. take action 采取行动 2. sort rubbish 垃圾分类 3. cut down pollution 减少污染 4. cooperate with each other 互相合作 5. raise one’s awareness 提高意识 6. pour wastewater 排放废水 7. save wild animals 保护野生动物 8. make a big difference 产生重大影响 9. instead of plastic bags 代替塑料袋 10. with our joint efforts 通过我们共同的努力 高分句型（6个） 1. It is our duty to keep our earth clean and beautiful. 保持地球干净美丽是我们的责任。 2. More trees should be planted to improve the air around us. 我们应当种更多树来改善周边空气。 3. Many animals are in danger because of serious pollution. 许多动物因为严重的污染正处于危险之中。 4. We can do small things in daily‑life to protect our environment. 在日常生活中我们可以做一些小事保护环境。 5. If everyone plays a part, our world will become much greener. 如果人人都参与进来，我们的世界将会变得更加绿意盎然。 6. Great changes have taken place in our city’s environment in the past few years. 过去几年我们城市的环境发生了巨大变化。 4. 范文背诵 My Efforts to Protect the Environment I have been trying to live a green life for the past two years. First of all, I have ridden my bike to school instead of taking the car for two years. This helps reduce air pollution. Second, I have been used to thinking twice before throwing things away. I recycle paper boxes, plastic bottles, and glass jars. I also avoid using plastic bags when shopping. My family produces less waste now. Protecting the environment is everyone’s responsibility. I will join the school’s environmental club to do more to make the world better. 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. Air __________ (pollute) is becoming a serious problem in many big‑size cities. 2. We should raise people’s __________ (aware) of protecting wild animals. 3. More and more factories begin __________ (recycle) waste water to save resources. 4. Smoking is __________ (harm) to your lungs, so you’d better give it up. 5. The sick boy __________ (suffer) from a bad cough last week. 6. With our hard work, our city will become much __________ (green). 7. You need to put different rubbish into different __________ (sort). 8. He gave us a short __________ (introduce) about the environmental project. 9. People __________ (cooperate) to cut down waste‑producing activities over the years. 10. My hometown __________ (build) many new waste bins since last spring. 二、单词拼写 1. Too much factory smoke causes serious __________ (污染). 2. The local __________ (协会) calls on everyone to save water. 3. The factory poured __________ (废水) into the river in the past. 4. We should improve our __________ (意识) of environmental protection. 5. The __________ (鲸) is one of the huge animals living in the ocean. 6. Look! There is a __________ (长颈鹿) eating leaves on the hill. 7. An __________ (鹰) is flying high above the mountains. 8. The little __________ (海豚) looks so cute in the water park. 9. Please __________ (分类) your rubbish before throwing it away. 10. The __________ (记者) is interviewing an environmental expert. 11. I will have an __________ (采访) with the park manager tomorrow. 12. We should learn more about __________ (环境的) protection knowledge. 13. This is a non‑profit __________ (组织) for saving wild animals. 14. We can __________ (回收利用) old paper and plastic bottles. 15. You can wash hands in the public __________ (厕所). 16. They plan to __________ (捐赠) money to the river‑protection project. 17. He works for an animal __________ (慈善事业). 18. Too much smoke is __________ (有害的) to our health. 19. Fresh air is good for our __________ (肺). 20. We have learned the whole __________ (过程) of waste treatment. 三、完成句子 1. 我们所有人都应该提高保护环境的意识。 All of us should ________________________________________________________. 2. 在过去几年里，政府已经建立了更多的自然公园。 The government ________________________________________________________. 3. 我们可以通过回收废品来减少环境污染。 We can cut down environmental pollution _________________________________. 4. 人们应当学会将垃圾分成不同的种类。 People should learn to _________________________________________________. 5. 保护环境是一项漫长而艰难的过程。 Protecting the environment is __________________________________________. 6. 现如今越来越多的志愿者投身于城市绿化工作。 ________________________________________, more and more volunteers take part in city greening. 7. 为了拥有更好的家园，我们必须携手合作。 We must ________________________________________ to get a better home. 8. 自从去年以来，许多工厂已经停止向河里排放废水。 Many factories ________________________________________ into the river since last year. 9. 我们可以做很多小事，来让地球变得更加绿色。 We can do lots of small things __________________________________________. 10. 在瞬息万变的环境之下，每个人都有责任守护野生动物。 Everyone has the duty to protect wild animals _____________________________. 参考答案 一、词形填空：1.pollution 2.awareness 3.to recycle 4.harmful 5.suffered 6.greener 7.sorts 8.introduction 9.have cooperated 10.has built 二、单词拼写：1.pollution 2.union 3.wastewater 4.awareness 5.whale 6.giraffe 7.eagle 8.dolphin 9.sort 10.journalist 11.interview 12.environmental 13.organization 14.recycle 15.toilet 16.donate 17.charity 18.negative 19.lungs 20.process 三、完成句子：1.raise our awareness of protecting the environment 2.has set up more nature parks in the past few years 3.by recycling waste materials 4.sort rubbish into different kinds 5.a long and difficult process 6.At present/Nowadays 7.cooperate with each other 8.have stopped pouring wastewater 9.to make our planet much greener 10.under the changing environment 四、语法填空 （25-26九年级上·内蒙古赤峰·阶段检测）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There was once a large bottle of fresh, clean water. Every drop in the bottle took 1 (proud) in being so clear and pure (纯净的). But one day, one of the 2 (drop) got bored. He would like to see what it would be like to be a dirty drop. The other drops tried to talk him out of the idea, but failed. When the drop came back all dirty, all the other drops in the bottle were influenced and changed into dirty drops, too. Several months later, someone put the bottle in a pool. A lot of clean water entered the large bottle, and the drops 3 (final) made themselves pure again. Now the drops reach 4 agreement that if they want to be clean, then each of them will have to stay clean. 5 (correct) the mistake of even one single drop needs much hard work. In a way, this bottle of water is similar 6 the situation on the Earth. If we want to live on a clean planet, it’s necessary for each of 7 (we) to be a “clean drop”. 8 (whenever) someone or a country becomes a “dirty drop” and pollutes the air or the ocean, the whole Earth will become a bit 9 (dirty) than before. The same may also happen to you and your class. If you want your class to be excellent, then each of you will need 10 (value) the rules and behave (表现) well. Are you a “clean drop”? 【答案】 1．pride 2．drops 3．finally 4．an 5．Correcting 6．to 7．us 8．Whenever 9．dirtier 10．to value 【导语】本文以水滴污染又净化的小故事作喻，告诉我们个体行为会影响整体，每个人都要约束自身、爱护环境与集体。 1．句意：瓶里的每一滴水都为自身清澈纯净而自豪。固定搭配：take pride in表示“为……感到自豪”。“proud”是形容词，此处需用名词“pride”。 2．句意：但有一天，其中一滴水感到厌烦了。one of+可数名词复数，表示“……之一”，需用“drop”的复数形式“drops”。 3．句意：大量干净的水流进大瓶子，水滴们最终重新变得纯净。修饰动词“made”，需用副词。“final”是形容词，需用“finally”。 4．句意：水滴们达成共识：想要保持洁净，每一滴水都必须自身干净。“agreement”以元音音素开头，固定短语：reach an agreement表示“达成共识”，故需用“an”。 5．句意：哪怕只是纠正一滴水犯下的错误，都需要付出巨大努力。句子缺少主语，动词作主语需变为动名词形式，放在句首，首字母大写，故需用“Correcting”。 6．句意：从某种意义上来说，这瓶水和地球当下的处境很相像。固定搭配：be similar to表示“与……相似”，故需用“to”。 7．句意：如果我们想要生活在洁净的星球上，我们每个人都必须做一滴“干净的水滴”。介词“of”后接人称代词宾格，“we”的宾格为“us”。 8．句意：每当某个人或是某个国家化身 “脏水滴”，污染空气、海洋时，整个地球都会比之前脏上几分。提示词为“whenever”，引导让步状语从句，表示“无论何时、每当”。单词位于句首，首字母大写，故需用“Whenever”。 9．句意：整个地球都会比之前更脏一点。句中有比较级标志词“than”，表示两者对比，要用形容词比较级。故需用“dirty”的比较级为“dirtier”。 10．句意：如果你们想让班级变得优秀，你们每个人都必须重视规则、规范言行。固定用法：need to do sth.表示“需要做某事”，动词“value”要变为不定式“to value”。 （25-26九年级上·福建龙岩·期中）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 The Zhang family has made a plan to do more to protect the environment. Each person 1 (have) his or her own job. Mr Zhang checks if the lights are off 2 no one is in the room. Mrs Zhang collects plastic bottles and other 3 (thing) from the kitchen. She puts them in a box for recycling. The children help clean the house and grow vegetables in the yard. They use rainwater 4 (water) the plants. Last weekend, the whole family 5 (take) part in a “Clean Community” activity. They picked up litter and talked to people 6 sorting waste. After cleaning all morning, they were tired but happy. The Zhangs think everyone should care about the earth, 7 small things can make a big difference. They also made 8 poster to show their green habits. They have already 9 (collect) more than 100 used bottles this month. Mr Zhang said it was the 10 (good) family project they had ever done. 【答案】 1．has 2．when/if 3．things 4．to water 5．took 6．about 7．because 8．a 9．collected 10．best 【导语】本文讲述张家全家制定环保计划，每个人分工参与环保行动，还参与社区清洁活动，用小事践行绿色生活。 1．句意：每个人都有属于自己的任务。主语Each person为单数，该段描述计划内容为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数has。 2．句意：张先生检查房间没人的时候灯是否关掉。此处需要连词引导状语从句，表“当没人在房间时”，填when，if也符合语义逻辑。 3．句意：张太太收集塑料瓶和厨房其他物品。other后接可数名词复数，thing变为things。 4．句意：他们用雨水浇灌植物。固定搭配use sth. to do sth.，此处用不定式to water表目的。 5．句意：上周末，全家人参加了“清洁社区”活动。Last weekend为过去时间，动词take用过去式took。 6．句意：他们捡拾垃圾，和人们谈论垃圾分类。固定搭配talk to sb. about sth.，表示和某人谈论某事，填about。 7．句意：张家认为每个人都应该爱护地球，因为小事能带来巨大改变。后半句是前半句的原因，用连词because引导原因状语从句。 8．句意：他们还制作了一张海报展示自己的绿色习惯。此处表示一张海报，poster是可数名词单数，发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 9．句意：这个月他们已经收集了超过100个废旧瓶子。句中have already提示为现在完成时，collect用过去分词collected。 10．句意：张先生说这是他们做过最好的家庭项目。后文they had ever done表示范围，用形容词最高级，good的最高级为best。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Greener Planet,Better Home 主 题 词 汇 1. _______________ n.污染 2. _______________ n.联合会；协会；同盟 3. _______________ n.废水 4. _______________ n.认识；知道；意识；兴趣 5. _______________ n.鲸 6. _______________ n.长颈鹿 7. _______________ n.雕；鹰 8. _______________ n.海豚 9. _______________ v.把……分类；整理 n.种类；类别 10. _______________ n.新闻记者；新闻工作者 11. _______________ v., n.记者采访；面试 12. _______________ adj.自然环境的 13. _______________ n.组织；团体；机构 14. _______________ excl.什么，请再说一遍 v., n.原谅 15. _______________ v.回收利用；再利用 16. _______________ n.厕所；卫生间；盥洗室 17. _______________ v.捐赠，赠送 18. _______________ n.慈善机构(或组织)；慈善事业 19. _______________ n.扬声器；扩音器；喇叭 20. _______________ adj.坏的；有害的 21. _______________ n.血 22. _______________ n.垃圾箱；垃圾桶 23. _______________ adj.灰色的；灰白色的 24. _______________ adv.准确无误地；正确地；恰当地 25. _______________ v.合作；协作 26. _______________ adv.曾经；在任何时候，从来 27. _______________ v.创建，创办 28. _______________ v.授予；颁发 n.奖；奖品 29. _______________ n.奖章 30. _______________ n., v.尊敬，尊重 31. _______________ n.介绍；序言；引言；导论 32. _______________ n.蚂蚁 33. _______________ v.(因疾病、痛苦等)受苦，受折磨；遭受 34. _______________ n.碳 35. _______________ v.打对号；标记号 36. _______________ n.外包装；包装材料 37. _______________ n.织物；布料 38. _______________ n.绿化 39. _______________ n.过程；进程 40. _______________ n.肺 短 语 一、动词短语 1. raise one’s awareness (提高意识) We should raise our awareness of environmental protection.（我们应当提高环保意识。） 2. sort rubbish (将垃圾分类) People are supposed to sort rubbish before throwing it away.（人们扔垃圾前应该先进行分类。） 3. recycle waste materials (回收废弃物) We can recycle waste materials to cut down pollution.（我们可以回收废弃物来减少污染。） 4. pour wastewater (排放废水) Factories shouldn’t pour wastewater into rivers or lakes.（工厂不应该向河湖中排放废水。） 5. cooperate with each other (互相合作) We must cooperate with each other to protect our earth.（我们必须携手合作保护地球。） 6. take action (采取行动) Everyone should take action to save wild animals.（每个人都应该采取行动拯救野生动物。） 7. set up nature parks (建立自然公园) The government has set up many nature parks for wildlife.（政府已经为野生动物建立了许多自然公园。） 二、介词短语 1. in the past few years (在过去的几年里) Great changes in city greening have taken place in the past few years.（过去几年，城市绿化发生了巨大变化。） 2. instead of (代替；而不是) We can use reusable bags instead of plastic bags.（我们可以使用环保袋，而不用塑料袋。） 3. because of pollution (由于污染) Many wild animals lost their homes because of pollution.（很多野生动物因为污染失去了家园。） 4. with our joint efforts (通过我们共同的努力) Our world will become greener with our joint efforts.（通过我们共同的努力，世界将会变得更加绿色。） 5. against environmental pollution (对抗环境污染) We should do something against environmental pollution.（我们应该做些事情来对抗环境污染。） 6. for a better home (为了一个更好的家园) Lots of volunteers work hard for a better home.（许多志愿者为了更好的家园而努力工作。） 7. in danger of pollution (面临污染的危险) Some sea animals are in danger of pollution.（一些海洋动物正面临污染带来的危险。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、询问环境问题 1. Have you noticed serious pollution around our city?（你注意到我们城市周边严重的污染了吗？） 2. What kinds of environmental problems do you know about?（你知道哪些环境方面的问题？） 3. How has our local environment changed in the past few years?（过去几年我们当地的环境发生了怎样的变化？） 4. What can we students do to protect our planet?（我们学生可以做些什么来保护地球？） 5. Do you often sort rubbish in your daily life?（你在日常生活中会将垃圾分类吗？） 6. Which green activity do you think is the most helpful?（你认为哪一项环保活动最有帮助？） 7. Would you like to work with us to save wild animals?（你愿意和我们一起行动，保护野生动物吗？） 二、谈论现状与给出环保建议 1. The most welcome change was that the river became much cleaner.（最令人欣喜的变化就是河水变得干净多了。） 2. I’ll never forget the day when I joined a tree‑planting activity.（我永远不会忘记那天我参加植树活动的经历。） 3. It was the first time I had seen so many birds return to the lake.（那是我第一次看见这么多鸟儿重新飞回湖边。） 4. Our living environment has improved a lot with everyone’s efforts.（在大家的努力下，我们的居住环境改善了很多。） 5. People used to drop rubbish everywhere, but now they recycle waste materials.（人们过去随手乱扔垃圾，但是现在开始回收废弃物。） 6. We should stop factories from pouring wastewater into rivers.（我们应当阻止工厂向河流排放废水。） 7. It is our duty to make our planet greener for a better home.（让地球更绿、家园更美是我们的责任。） 三、表达看法与观点 1. I believe small actions can make a big difference to our environment.（我相信微小的行动就能对环境产生巨大影响。） 2. In my opinion, rubbish‑sorting is one of the simplest ways to cut down pollution.（在我看来，垃圾分类是减少污染最简单的方式之一。） 3. It seems to me that more trees are needed to improve city air.（在我看来，我们需要更多树木来改善城市空气。） 4. I don’t think it’s difficult for us to live a low‑carbon life.（我认为过低碳生活对我们来说并不难。） 5. As far as I know, many wild animals are in danger because of pollution.（据我所知，很多野生动物正因为污染而处于危险之中。） 6. I feel worried when I see factories pollute the rivers.（当我看见工厂污染河流的时候我感到很担忧。） 7. We all should play an important part in environmental protection.（我们所有人都应该在环保中发挥重要作用。） 四、邀约、号召他人参与环保行动 1. Why not take part in our weekend tree‑planting activity?（为什么不来参加我们周末的植树活动呢？） 2. Would you mind joining us to clean up the park this Sunday?（你介意本周日和我们一起打扫公园吗？） 3. Let’s try our best to recycle waste things from now on.（从现在起，让我们尽力回收废弃物。） 4. Shall we give some advice on protecting our environment?（我们要不要给出一些保护环境的建议？） 5. It’s a good chance for us to do something for our earth.（这是我们为地球做点事情的好机会。） 6. Could you please remind your family to sort rubbish at home?（你能不能提醒你的家人在家做好垃圾分类？） 7. Everyone is welcome to do small things for a greener planet.（欢迎每个人都为更绿色的地球做些小事。） 五、谈论危害与后果 1. Too much pollution is harmful to people’s lungs and health.（过多的污染会损害人们的肺部与身体健康。） 2. If we keep polluting rivers, more water animals will lose their homes.（如果我们持续污染河流，更多水生动物将会失去家园。） 3. Air pollution may bring us many kinds of health problems.（空气污染可能会带给我们各种各样的健康问题。） 4. Without enough green trees, our city will become hotter and hotter.（没有足够多的绿树，我们的城市将会变得越来越热。） 5. Some sea animals are in danger because of water pollution.（一些海洋动物因为水污染正处在危险之中。） 6. Rubbish in the lake can stop fish from living there.（湖里的垃圾会让鱼类无法在那里生存。） 7. Bad environment will influence our daily life in many ways.（恶劣的环境会在很多方面影响我们的日常生活。） 语法 现在完成时和前缀re- 写作 环境保护 一、知识点精讲 1. sort v.把……分类；整理 n.种类；类别 【详解】 ① sort out 整理；挑出 ② a sort of 一种…… ③ all sorts of 各种各样的 【写作佳句】 We should sort out rubbish to protect our environment. 我们应当把垃圾分类来保护环境。 2. interview v., n.记者采访；面试 【详解】 ① interview sb. 采访某人；面试某人 ② have an interview with sb. 采访某人 ③ give an interview 接受采访 ④ interviewer n. 采访者；面试官 ⑤ interviewee n. 被采访者；受访者 【写作佳句】 Some reporters will interview us about our environment‑protection activities. 一些记者将会就我们的环保活动采访我们。 3. environmental adj.自然环境的 【详解】 ① environment n. 环境 ② environmental problems 环境问题 ③ environmental protection 环境保护 【写作佳句】 More and more people begin to pay attention to environmental problems. 越来越多的人开始关注环境问题。 4. recycle v.回收利用；再利用 【详解】 ① recycle waste paper 回收废纸 ② recycle plastic bottles 回收塑料瓶 ③ recycling n.回收利用 ④ recyclable adj. 可回收利用的 【写作佳句】 It’s a good habit to recycle plastic bottles in our daily life. 日常生活中回收塑料瓶是一个好习惯。 5. donate v.捐赠，赠送 【详解】 ① donate sth. to sb./sp. 把某物捐赠给…… ② donate money 捐款 ③ donate to charity 向慈善机构捐赠 ④ donation n. 捐赠；捐款 【写作佳句】 Many people donate money to protect the endangered animals. 很多人捐款用来保护濒危动物。 6. charity n.慈善机构(或组织)；慈善事业 【详解】 ① do sth. for charity 为慈善事业做某事 ② raise money for charity 为慈善筹款 ③ charitable adj. 慈善的 【写作佳句】 We can raise money for charity to improve our living environment. 我们可以为慈善筹款来改善我们的生存环境。 7. negative adj.坏的；有害的 【详解】 ① have a negative influence on… 对……产生负面影响 ② negative effects 负面影响 ③ positive adj. 积极的；正面的（反义词） 【易混辨析】 negative：消极的、有害的，多用来修饰事物带来不好的影响； positive：积极的、有益的，用来表示正面、有利的效果。 【写作佳句】 Pollution has a negative influence on our health. 污染对我们的健康有着有害的影响。 8. correctly adv.准确无误地；正确地；恰当地 【详解】 ① correct adj. 正确的 ② correct v. 改正；纠正 ③ correction n. 改正；修正 ④ sort rubbish correctly 正确垃圾分类 【写作佳句】 If we sort rubbish correctly, our city will become much cleaner. 如果我们正确地进行垃圾分类，我们的城市将会干净得多。 9. cooperate v.合作；协作 【详解】 ① cooperate with sb. 与某人合作 ② cooperate to do sth. 合作去做某事 ③ cooperation n. 合作；协作 ④ cooperative adj. 合作的 【写作佳句】 Everyone should cooperate to fight against pollution. 每个人都应当协作，共同对抗污染。 10. suffer v.(因疾病、痛苦等)受苦，受折磨；遭受 【详解】 ① suffer from 遭受；受……折磨 ② suffer pain 遭受痛苦 ③ suffering n. 痛苦；苦难 【写作佳句】 Lots of wild animals are suffering from serious pollution now. 现如今很多野生动物正遭受严重污染带来的苦难。 11. process n.过程；进程 【详解】 ① in the process of… 在……的过程中 ② a long process 一个漫长的过程 ③ process v. 加工；处理 【写作佳句】 Recycling is a long process which needs everyone’s effort. 回收是一个漫长的过程，需要所有人的努力。 二、核心语法精讲 单元语法：（一）前缀 re re 是动词前缀，意思：再；又；重新，加在动词前面，构成新动词 一、变化规则 规则 示例 绝大多数动词前直接加 re write → rewrite 重写；use → reuse 再利用 部分单词加 re 带连字符（区分旧单词） reopen 重新打开 ⚠️易错警示：remember 不是 re+member！它本身是独立单词，不是前缀 re，不要误判。 二、中考常考词汇汇总 原动词 加前缀 re后的单词 词义 write rewrite 重写 use reuse 再使用，循环利用 cycle recycle 回收利用 start restart 重新开始 turn return 返回；归还 build rebuild 重建 单元语法：（二）现在完成时（2） 现在完成时 定 义 现在全部完成 表示过去发生或者已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 I have seen this movie twice. 现在部分完成 表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 I have lived in Changsha for 3 years. 构 成 have/has+过去分词 标 志 词 already（“ 已经 ”，用于肯定句） He has already got her help. yet（“已经 ”，用于疑问句；“还 ”， 用于否定句） Has he come back yet? He hasn’t come back yet. ever（曾经） This is the best film I have ever seen. never（从没） He has never been to Beijing. for(+时间段) He has been away for two years. since ( +时间点/…ago/从句) He has been an English teacher since 1992. Mr Green has lived in China since five months ago. Mr Green has lived in China since he came to China. 以动作发生的次数为标志，比如 twice, three times。 He says he has been to the USA three times. 以 so far, in the last/past few years, recently 为标志 He has got to Beijing so far. She has studied over 2000 words in the last few years. “终止” 、“延续”的转换 动词从词义上可以分为延续性和非延续性两种。当现在完成时与一段时间连用时，应将非延 续性动词转换为延续性动词。 《猫》已经开演 半个小时了。 “Cats” has begun for half an hour. × “Cats” has been on for half an hour. √ “Cats” has begun. √ 这本字典你买 了多久了? How long have you bought this dictionary? × How long have you had this dictionary? √ 常见短暂性动词与其对应的延续性动词 动词----动词 buy have borrow keep put on wear catch a cold have a cold become be 用“be＋形容词 ”代替 marry be married fall ill be ill fall asleep be asleep wake up be awake die be dead open be open close be closed 用“be＋副词 ”代替 start/begin be on get up be up go out be out leave be away finish be over join be a member/be in 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元话题（绿色地球，美好家园），属于人与自然主题语境。常考写作：介绍身边存在的环境问题、讲述环保行动、提出保护环境的建议、写环保倡议书。 写作核心：熟练使用环保类词汇短语；恰当运用一般现在时、现在完成时介绍环境现状与变化，表达自己对环境保护的看法。 写作体裁以说明文、倡议书、记叙文为主，词数多为 80‑100 词。 2.写作框架 开头：总起，点明保护环境对我们每个人都十分重要。 中间：介绍当下存在的环境问题，列举多条可行的环保行动建议，写出环境前后变化。 结尾：抒发感悟，号召大家一起行动，共同守护绿色家园，展望美好未来。 逻辑句式参考： 开头：It’s very important for us to protect our environment. 中间：Nowadays, some serious pollution is around us. We can do many small things to make a difference to our earth… 结尾：Small actions can lead to big changes. Let’s work together to make our planet greener. 3.写作素材 核心词汇（10个） 1. protect v. 保护 2. pollute v. 污染 → pollution n.污染 3. recycle v. 回收利用 4. improve v. 改善；提高 5. waste n. 废弃物 6. harm v. 伤害；损害 7. avoid v. 避免 8. plant v. 种植 9. activity n. 活动 10. produce v. 产生 核心短语（10个） 1. take action 采取行动 2. sort rubbish 垃圾分类 3. cut down pollution 减少污染 4. cooperate with each other 互相合作 5. raise one’s awareness 提高意识 6. pour wastewater 排放废水 7. save wild animals 保护野生动物 8. make a big difference 产生重大影响 9. instead of plastic bags 代替塑料袋 10. with our joint efforts 通过我们共同的努力 高分句型（6个） 1. It is our duty to keep our earth clean and beautiful. 保持地球干净美丽是我们的责任。 2. More trees should be planted to improve the air around us. 我们应当种更多树来改善周边空气。 3. Many animals are in danger because of serious pollution. 许多动物因为严重的污染正处于危险之中。 4. We can do small things in daily‑life to protect our environment. 在日常生活中我们可以做一些小事保护环境。 5. If everyone plays a part, our world will become much greener. 如果人人都参与进来，我们的世界将会变得更加绿意盎然。 6. Great changes have taken place in our city’s environment in the past few years. 过去几年我们城市的环境发生了巨大变化。 4. 范文背诵 My Efforts to Protect the Environment I have been trying to live a green life for the past two years. First of all, I have ridden my bike to school instead of taking the car for two years. This helps reduce air pollution. Second, I have been used to thinking twice before throwing things away. I recycle paper boxes, plastic bottles, and glass jars. I also avoid using plastic bags when shopping. My family produces less waste now. Protecting the environment is everyone’s responsibility. I will join the school’s environmental club to do more to make the world better. 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. Air __________ (pollute) is becoming a serious problem in many big‑size cities. 2. We should raise people’s __________ (aware) of protecting wild animals. 3. More and more factories begin __________ (recycle) waste water to save resources. 4. Smoking is __________ (harm) to your lungs, so you’d better give it up. 5. The sick boy __________ (suffer) from a bad cough last week. 6. With our hard work, our city will become much __________ (green). 7. You need to put different rubbish into different __________ (sort). 8. He gave us a short __________ (introduce) about the environmental project. 9. People __________ (cooperate) to cut down waste‑producing activities over the years. 10. My hometown __________ (build) many new waste bins since last spring. 二、单词拼写 1. Too much factory smoke causes serious __________ (污染). 2. The local __________ (协会) calls on everyone to save water. 3. The factory poured __________ (废水) into the river in the past. 4. We should improve our __________ (意识) of environmental protection. 5. The __________ (鲸) is one of the huge animals living in the ocean. 6. Look! There is a __________ (长颈鹿) eating leaves on the hill. 7. An __________ (鹰) is flying high above the mountains. 8. The little __________ (海豚) looks so cute in the water park. 9. Please __________ (分类) your rubbish before throwing it away. 10. The __________ (记者) is interviewing an environmental expert. 11. I will have an __________ (采访) with the park manager tomorrow. 12. We should learn more about __________ (环境的) protection knowledge. 13. This is a non‑profit __________ (组织) for saving wild animals. 14. We can __________ (回收利用) old paper and plastic bottles. 15. You can wash hands in the public __________ (厕所). 16. They plan to __________ (捐赠) money to the river‑protection project. 17. He works for an animal __________ (慈善事业). 18. Too much smoke is __________ (有害的) to our health. 19. Fresh air is good for our __________ (肺). 20. We have learned the whole __________ (过程) of waste treatment. 三、完成句子 1. 我们所有人都应该提高保护环境的意识。 All of us should ________________________________________________________. 2. 在过去几年里，政府已经建立了更多的自然公园。 The government ________________________________________________________. 3. 我们可以通过回收废品来减少环境污染。 We can cut down environmental pollution _________________________________. 4. 人们应当学会将垃圾分成不同的种类。 People should learn to _________________________________________________. 5. 保护环境是一项漫长而艰难的过程。 Protecting the environment is __________________________________________. 6. 现如今越来越多的志愿者投身于城市绿化工作。 ________________________________________, more and more volunteers take part in city greening. 7. 为了拥有更好的家园，我们必须携手合作。 We must ________________________________________ to get a better home. 8. 自从去年以来，许多工厂已经停止向河里排放废水。 Many factories ________________________________________ into the river since last year. 9. 我们可以做很多小事，来让地球变得更加绿色。 We can do lots of small things __________________________________________. 10. 在瞬息万变的环境之下，每个人都有责任守护野生动物。 Everyone has the duty to protect wild animals _____________________________. 四、语法填空 （25-26九年级上·内蒙古赤峰·阶段检测）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There was once a large bottle of fresh, clean water. Every drop in the bottle took 1 (proud) in being so clear and pure (纯净的). But one day, one of the 2 (drop) got bored. He would like to see what it would be like to be a dirty drop. The other drops tried to talk him out of the idea, but failed. When the drop came back all dirty, all the other drops in the bottle were influenced and changed into dirty drops, too. Several months later, someone put the bottle in a pool. A lot of clean water entered the large bottle, and the drops 3 (final) made themselves pure again. Now the drops reach 4 agreement that if they want to be clean, then each of them will have to stay clean. 5 (correct) the mistake of even one single drop needs much hard work. In a way, this bottle of water is similar 6 the situation on the Earth. If we want to live on a clean planet, it’s necessary for each of 7 (we) to be a “clean drop”. 8 (whenever) someone or a country becomes a “dirty drop” and pollutes the air or the ocean, the whole Earth will become a bit 9 (dirty) than before. The same may also happen to you and your class. If you want your class to be excellent, then each of you will need 10 (value) the rules and behave (表现) well. Are you a “clean drop”? （25-26九年级上·福建龙岩·期中）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 The Zhang family has made a plan to do more to protect the environment. Each person 1 (have) his or her own job. Mr Zhang checks if the lights are off 2 no one is in the room. Mrs Zhang collects plastic bottles and other 3 (thing) from the kitchen. She puts them in a box for recycling. The children help clean the house and grow vegetables in the yard. They use rainwater 4 (water) the plants. Last weekend, the whole family 5 (take) part in a “Clean Community” activity. They picked up litter and talked to people 6 sorting waste. After cleaning all morning, they were tired but happy. The Zhangs think everyone should care about the earth, 7 small things can make a big difference. They also made 8 poster to show their green habits. They have already 9 (collect) more than 100 used bottles this month. Mr Zhang said it was the 10 (good) family project they had ever done. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $