UNIT 2 Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册教用Word（译林版）

本讲义聚焦“青少年与父母关系”主题，系统梳理情感与关系类核心词汇（如anxious, anger, argument）、实用短语（如see eye to eye with sb., struggle with）、语法点（部分否定、wish虚拟语气、“特殊疑问词+to do”结构）及阅读理解策略，构建从基础词汇到语用能力的学习支架。 该资料特色在于整合词汇拓展（派生词、短语搭配练习）、语法应用（虚拟语气在建议信中的使用）与阅读分析（主旨题、细节题训练），通过“词汇—语法—语用”递进设计提升语言能力，培养分析沟通问题的思维品质。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后练习帮助学生巩固知识，弥补盲点。

battle n．& vt.& vi.争论；战斗，搏斗；斗争 [派生词]　battlefield n．战场 [短语]　battle against/for 与/为……作斗争 see eye to eye with sb. (on sth.)(在某事上)与某人看法一致 argument n．争吵，争论；论点 argue v．争论，争辩，争吵；说理，论证 [短语]　have an argument with sb. about/over sth. 就某事与某人争吵 beyond argument 无可争辩 argue with sb. over/about sth. 因某事与某人争吵/争论 argue for/against 据理赞成/反对…… argue that...主张……，认为…… argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事 tension n．紧张关系；紧张；拉伸 tense adj.紧张的；担心的；不能松弛的　n．时态 v．拉紧；绷紧 anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的 [派生词]　anxiously adv.忧虑地；不安地 anxiety n．[U]焦虑；渴望；[C]使人焦虑的事情 [短语]　be anxious about sth./for sb.为某事/人担心 be anxious for sth.渴望某物 be anxious to do sth.渴望做某事 be anxious that...(should) do...渴望……做…… with anxiety 焦虑地 rate n．速度；率　vi.& vt.评价，评估 [派生词]　rating n．(电影、电视的)收视率排行榜；等级，程度 [短语]　at the rate of 按……的速度 shoot vi.& vt.(shot，shot)(使朝某方向)冲，奔；射击；射杀；摄影 [短语]　shoot up快速长高，蹿个儿；陡增，猛涨，迅速增加 spot n．粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所 　v．看见，注意到 [短语]　on the spot 当场；在现场 spot sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事 target n．(攻击的)目标，对象；靶子 　vt.把……作为攻击目标；面向 anger n．怒气，怒火 [派生词]　angry adj.生气的 [短语]　be angry with/at sb. 生某人的气 [派生词]　angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地 [短语]　burst into anger/explode with anger 勃然大怒 mental adj.思想的，精神的，智力的 adult n．成年人 [派生词]　adulthood n．成年 desire n．& vt.渴望，希望 [派生词]　desirable adj.可取的；值得拥有的；值得做的 [短语]　have a desire for/to do sth.渴望得到某物/做某事 desire to do sth.渴望做某事 desire sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事 desire that...(should) do...希望……做…… struggle vi.& n．奋斗；斗争；搏斗 [短语]　struggle with/against sth.与……作斗争 struggle for sth.为了某事而斗争 struggle to do sth.努力做某事，挣扎着做某事 struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来 breakdown n．(关系)破裂；故障 regular adj.频繁的；有规律的 [反义词]　irregular adj.无规律的；不规则的 [派生词]　regularly adv.有规律地；经常 [短语]　a regular customer/bus 常客/班车 calm vt.使平静，使镇静　adj.镇静的，沉着的 [派生词]　calmly adv.冷静地；平静地 calmness n．冷静，镇静 [短语]　calm down平静，镇静，安静 view n．看法；视线；景色　vt.把……视为；观看 [短语]　from one's point of view从某人的角度/观点出发 in one's view在某人看来 in view of考虑到；鉴于 view...as...把……看作…… think sth. through充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透 concern n．担心，忧虑；关心　vt.涉及；让(某人)担忧 [派生词]　concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的 concerning prep.关于，涉及 [短语]　show/express concern for/about对……表示关心(关注) as far as...be concerned就……而言 be concerned about/for对……担心/关心 be concerned with对……关心；与……有关 back down承认错误，认输 normal adj.正常的，一般的　n．常态，通常标准 [派生词]　normally adv.通常；一般 [反义词]　abnormal adj.不正常的 stress n．精神压力，紧张；强调　vt.强调，着重 [派生词]　stressful adj.压力大的；紧张的 stressed adj.焦虑的，紧张的 [短语]　under stress在压力之下 under the stress of...在……的压力下 put/lay/place (great) stress on强调…… stress the importance of...强调……的重要性 design vt.设计；制订　n．设计；设计艺术 [派生词]　designer n．设计者 [短语]　be designed for/to do...专为……设计的；目的是…… by design故意地，有意地 expert n．专家，行家　adj.熟练的，内行的，专家的 [短语]　be expert at/in...在……方面是行家；擅长…… likely adj.可能的，预料的，有希望的 [反义词]　unlikely adj.不大可能发生的 performance n．表现；表演；执行，履行 perform v．表现；表演；履行 performer n．表演者 [短语]　give/put on a performance表演，上演 academic performance学习成绩；学业表现 perform an experiment/operation做实验/手术 cheer up (使)变得高兴，振奋起来 press vt.& vi.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推　n．报章杂志，报刊 [派生词]　pressure n．压力 [短语]　the press新闻工作者，新闻界 press sb to do...强迫某人做…… eager adj.热切的，渴望的，渴求的 [派生词]　eagerness n．热切；渴望 [短语]　be eager for sth.渴望得到某物 be eager to do sth.渴望做某事 with eagerness(＝eagerly adv.)热切地 adventure n．冒险，冒险经历，奇遇 [派生词]　adventurous adj.爱冒险的，大胆的 be on sb.'s back about sth. 缠磨，烦扰 account n．账户；描述；解释　vt.认为是，视为 [短语]　on account of因为，由于 on no account决不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装) take...into account考虑到，顾及…… account for解释；是……的原因；(数量或比例上)占 rent n．租金　vi.& vt.租用；出租 secure adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的　vt.使安全；(尤指经过努力)获得；使……固定 [派生词]　securely adv.安全地；牢固地 security n．安全 graduate vi.& vt.毕业　n．毕业生 [派生词]　graduation n．毕业；毕业典礼 [短语]　graduate from从……毕业 gather vi.聚集，集合　vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集 [派生词]　gathering n．聚集；聚会；集会 [短语]　gather around聚集 volunteer vt.& vi.主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做 n．志愿者 [派生词]　voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的 [短语]　volunteer to do...自愿做…… figure n．数字；人物；体形，身材　v．认为；计算 [短语]　figure out想出；计算出；理解 draw sth. out of sth. 提取，支取 operation n．手术；运转，操作 operate v．操作；运转；动手术 [派生词]　operator n．电话接线员；操作员 flat n．公寓　adj.平坦的；瘪了的 response n．回复；反应，响应 respond v．回答，响应；回复 [短语]　respond to回答……；回应 in response to回答……；回应…… make a response to对……作出回应  intimate adj.　　　　　　　 亲密的 reliable adj. 可信赖的 like­minded adj. 志趣相投的 grateful adj. 感激的 comfortable adj. 舒适的 positive adj. 积极的 caring adj. 体贴的 have...in common 有共同之处 blame v. 责备，指责 quarrel v. 争吵 misunderstanding n. 误解 complain v. 抱怨 prejudice n. 偏见，成见 criticism n. 批评 scold v. 训斥 offend v. 冒犯 generation gap 代沟 control v.　　　　　　　 控制 treat v. 对待 approach v. 接近 replace v. 替代 relative n. 亲戚 bond/tie n. 纽带 teenager n. 青少年 sibling n. 兄弟姐妹 contact v. 联系；接触 reunite v. 重聚 nephew n. 侄子；外甥 household n. 家庭 equal n. (地位)同等的人 apologize v. 道歉 communication n. 沟通；交流 get on/along well 相处得好 make up 和解 话题佳句 1.Put yourself in your parents' shoes and try to understand what they do. 设身处地为你的父母着想，试着理解他们的所作所为。 2．After learning what situation I was in, my parents encouraged me to step out of trouble bravely and confidently. 得知我的情况后，我的父母鼓励我勇敢并充满自信地走出困境。 3．Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while I had an idea of going to a nicer place. 我的大多数同学想去公园，而我想去一个更好的地方。 Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading 　〈读文清障〉见教材原文助读3(P218)、〈语基默写〉见默写练习(P239) What is the passage mainly about? A.Teenagers' relationships with their parents. B.Teenagers' physical and mental changes. C.Battles between parents and their children. D.Parents' love and support for teenagers. 答案：A 1．What may result in heated arguments and cold silences between teenagers and their parents? A.Teenagers' physical changes. B.Unfriendly conversations. C.Failure in examinations. D.Arguments with classmates. 2．What can we learn from paragraph 2? A.No teenagers worry about being left behind. B.Parents often worry about their weight problems. C.All the teenagers will regard their parents as targets. D.Many teenagers worry about their physical changes. 3．What do teenagers need from their parents? A.Experience.　　　 B．Love and strictness. C.Stories. D．Love and patience. 4．How does the author think of the parent­child tension? A.It's strange. B.It's quite normal. C.It's disappointing. D.It's very useful. 答案：1～4.ADDB 1．On the other hand, when you are struggling to control your feelings, you wish they could be more caring and patient—sometimes they forget that growing up is a rough ride.(Para.3) [分析]　本句是主从复合句。“when you are struggling to control your feelings”为when引导的时间状语从句；主句you wish后是省略连接词that的宾语从句；动词forget后的“that growing up is a rough ride”为that引导的宾语从句。 [翻译]　另一方面，当你努力控制自己的情绪时，你希望他们能更加体贴，更有耐心——有时候，他们会忘记成长是一个艰难的过程。 2．Although sometimes it may seem impossible to get along as a family，you can take action to improve the situation.(Para.4) [分析]　本句是主从复合句。Although引导让步状语从句；it是形式主语，不定式短语“to get along as a family”是真正的主语。 [翻译]　虽然有时候一家人似乎根本无法和谐相处，但你还是可以采取行动改善这一局面。 3．Just remember that it is completely normal to struggle with the stress that parent­child tensions create，and that you and your parents can work together to improve your relationship.(Para.5) [分析]　本句是祈使句。动词remember后的第一个和第三个that均引导宾语从句，其中“that parent­child tensions create”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the stress。 [翻译]　你只要记住，与亲子关系紧张带来的压力作斗争是完全正常的，而且你和你的父母可以共同努力，改善你们的关系。 Ⅰ.核心词汇·练通 根据课文语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．turn into a battle　　 　 演变成一场争执 2．at a different rate 以不同的速度 3．shoot up in height 个头猛蹿 4．weight problems or spots 体重问题或粉刺 5．the first targets of your anger 你发泄愤怒的首选目标 6．not quite an adult 不算是成年人 7．be struggling to control your feelings 努力控制自己的情绪 8．lead to a breakdown in your relationship 导致你们关系的破裂 9．regular and honest communication 定期、坦诚的沟通 10．from their point of view 从他们的角度 Ⅱ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1．argument n．争吵，争论；论点→argue vi.争吵，争辩，争论 vt.说理，论证 2．tension n．紧张关系；紧张；拉伸→tense adj.紧张的 3．anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的→anxiously adv.忧虑地；焦虑地 4．anger n．怒气，怒火→angry adj.生气的→angrily adv.生气地 5．mental adj.思想的，精神的，智力的→mentally adv.精神上 6．desire n．& vt.渴望，希望→desirable adj.渴望的；值得做的 7．calm vt.使平静，使镇静 adj.镇静的，沉着的→calmly adv.平静地；镇静地 8．concern n．担心，忧虑；关心vt.涉及；让(某人)担忧→concerned adj.担心的 9．normal adj.正常的，一般的n.常态，通常标准→normally adv.正常地 10．stress n．精神压力，紧张；强调vt.强调，着重→stressed adj.感到压力的；焦虑不安的→stressful adj.压力重的；紧张的 Ⅲ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．Learning how to deal__with(处理) pressure is important for students, so schools should offer more courses or activities to guide them. 2．If we can't see__eye__to__eye__with(与……看法一致) you on who is suited to be monitor, let's vote on it. 3．Food allergies can usually result__in(导致) an enormous variety of different symptoms. 4．This object's weight may shoot__up(激增) from less than an ounce to several ounces. 5．The peace­keeping troops try to keep__the__peace(维持和平) of that place. 6．I placed the bird in the nest, and after a while it calmed__down(平静下来). 7. From__my__point__of__view(在我看来), depending on him to solve the problem is the best choice. 8．Go__through(经历) those things that seem impossible, and achieve what we never believed we could. 9．You must always think a problem through(充分考虑) before taking action. 10．Finally the boy refused to back__down(认输) on the point of principle. Ⅳ.重点句型·呈现 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．部分否定 Unfortunately, your parents do__not__always__agree(不总是认同) and that makes you feel unhappy.(Para.3) 2．wish虚拟语气 On the other hand, when you are struggling to control your feelings, you wish__they__could__be__more__caring__and__patient(希望他们能更加体贴，更有耐心).(Para.3) 3．祈使句 When you disagree with your parents, take__a__minute__to__calm__down__and__try__to__understand__the__situation(花点时间让自己冷静下来，尝试了解情况) from their point of view.(Para.4) 4．“特殊疑问词＋to do”结构 Through this kind of healthy discussion, you will learn when__to__back__down__and__when__to__ask__your__parents__to__relax__their__control(何时要做出让步，何时可以要求父母放松对你的控制).(Para.4) 5．that引导表语从句 The good news is that__this__stormy__period__will__not__last(这段冲突不断的时期不会一直持续下去).(Para.5) 　　　　　　　 see eye to eye with sb. (on sth.) 　　　(在某事上)与某人看法一致 【经典例句】 ①(教材P16)Do you feel that you just cannot see eye to eye with them on anything? 你是否觉得，你已经无法在任何事情上与他们意见一致？ ②(北师大必修一U3)I remember catching her eye through the window. 我记得当时透过窗户与她目光相遇。 have an eye for sth.　　 对某物有鉴赏力 keep an eye on... 照看/留意…… keep one's eyes open 留意 look sb.in the eye 直视某人 turn a blind eye 视而不见 catch sb.'s eye 吸引某人的目光； 引起某人的注意 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)I can't turn a blind eye when someone is being robbed. (2)In general, I never have an eye for fashion as well as art. (3)Please keep an eye on our luggage while we are away. (4)你能直视我并告诉我你没有撒谎吗？ Can you look__me__in__the__eye and tell me you're not lying? 　　　　　　　 argument n.争吵，争论；论点 【经典例句】 ①(教材P16)Heated arguments and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents.　激烈的争吵和冷战在青少年和他们的父母之间司空见惯。 ②(外研必修一U1)Argue about the week's hottest topics with the school's sharpest minds！　与学校里头脑最敏锐的人辩论本周最热门的话题！ (1)have an argument with sb.about/over/on sth.　　　　　　 与某人就某事争论 (2)argue v. 争论，争辩；争吵；辩论； 说服 argue with sb.about/over sth. 与某人争论某事 argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事 argue that... 主张/认为…… argue against/for... 反对/支持…… 【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】 (1)There have been a lot of arguments(argue) about who was responsible for the accident but nothing has been resolved yet. (2)Last Friday, our class had a heated debate, in which about 60 per cent of students argued__for (赞成) the use of mobile phones in school while about 40 per cent of students argued__against(反对) it. (3)你应该避免在小事上与父母争吵。相反，试着平静地沟通并理解他们的观点。 You should avoid arguing__with__your__parents__about/over__small__matters． Instead, try to communicate calmly and understand their points. 应用文写作之建议信 　　　　　　　 anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的 【经典例句】 (人教必修一WELCOME UNIT)I'm not outgoing so I'm a little anxious right now. 我性格并不外向，所以现在感觉有点焦虑。 (1)be anxious about...　 担心/担忧…… be anxious for... 渴望/急切盼望…… be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事 be anxious (that)...(should) do sth. 急切地希望…… 做某事 (2)anxiety n. 焦虑；不安；渴望 with anxiety 焦虑地 (3)anxiously adv. 焦虑地；不安地 【单句语法填空/完成语段】 (1)I am anxious to__get(get) help from you. Looking forward to your early reply. 应用文写作之求助信 (2)The young boy waited for his father's return with anxiety(anxious). (3)Having said goodbye to them, we went back to the front door，where our parents were waiting anxiously(anxious). (4)她担心儿子的安全，如坐针毡。她急切地希望儿子尽快回来。 She was__anxious__about her son's safety，feeling on pins and needles. She was__anxious__that__her__son__(should)__come__back/was__anxious__for__her__son__to__come__back as soon as possible.读后续写之心理描写 　　　　　　　 rate n.速度；率　vi.& vt.评价，评估 【经典例句】 (教材P16)You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends, shooting up in height or getting left far behind.　你可能会感到焦虑，因为你发现自己的发育速度和朋友们不同：要么是个头猛蹿，要么是远远落在其他人后面。 at a(n)...rate　　　　 以……的速度/比率 the birth rate 出生率 at any rate 无论如何，不管怎样 at this/that rate 照此情形/照那样的话 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)If you go on at that rate, you will damage your physical health. (2)I may be away on business next week, but at any rate I'll be back by Friday. (3)The university is highly rated(rate) for its scientific research. (4)你的技能提高得很快，照目前的情况，你很快就会成为一位大师级的工匠。 Your skills are improving rapidly; at__this__rate， you'll be a master craftsman in no time. 　　　　　　　 shoot vi.& vt.(shot，shot)(使朝某方向) 冲，奔；射击；射杀；摄影 【经典例句】 With proper nutrition and exercise, your child will shoot up in no time. 有了适当的营养和锻炼，你的孩子很快就会长高。 shoot up　　　　　 快速长高，蹿个儿；激增 shoot down 击毙……；击落…… shoot for... 努力获取…… shoot at... 朝着……射击 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)We have been shooting for a pay rise for months. (2)He taught her to shoot at the apple with an arrow, but she missed and hit the tree beside it. (3)Nowadays most kids shoot up due to the consistent supply of nutrition. (4)飞行员设法在无人机到达目标前将其击落。 The pilot managed__to__shoot__down the drone before it reached its target. 　　　　　　　 spot n.粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所 vt.看见；注意到；发现 【经典例句】 (教材P16)You might worry about your changing voice, weight problems or spots. 变声、体重问题或粉刺都可能会让你忧心忡忡。 (1)on the spot　　　　 当场，当下；在现场 (2)spot sb.doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事 【语境辨义/完成句子】 (1)Fortunately, a man made an offer to take him around the different spots.地点，场所 (2)When the thief found the police had already spotted him, he ran away quickly but in vain.发现 (3)Some of the spots on your blouse and trousers are hard to remove.斑点；污渍 (4)几个世纪以来，宝藏被埋藏的地点一直是个谜。 The__spot__where the treasure was buried has been a mystery for centuries. spot作“地点”讲，用作定语从句的先行词，且从句中缺少状语时，用where引导定语从句。 　　　　　　　 desire n.& vt.渴望，希望 【经典例句】 ①(教材P17)You have both a new desire for independence and a continued need for your parents' love and support.　你既渴望独立，却又不断需要父母的关爱和支持。 ②(北师大必修一U2)Everyone knew Paul had real skills, and was someone who worked really hard and had a strong desire to play for the team.　所有人都知道保罗技能出众、训练刻苦，并极度渴望为球队效力。 (1)have a desire (2)desire (sb.) to do sth. 想要(某人)做某事 desire that...(should) do... 渴望……做…… 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)The government desired that the public(should)__pay(pay) attention to protecting the environment. (2)She has no desire for the life in the city.That's because she can't adapt to the fast pace of the life there. (3)每个人都渴望成功，而成功只属于努力的人。 →Everyone has__a__desire__for__success while success only belongs to the hard­working people.(desire n．) →Everyone desires__to__succeed while success only belongs to the hard­working people.(desire v．)读后续写之主旨升华 desire不用于进行时态。 　　　　　　　 struggle vi.& n．奋斗；斗争；搏斗 【经典例句】 (人教必修一U5)When I started studying German, it was a struggle. 当我开始学习德语时，(我觉得学习德语)对我来说是一件困难的事。 struggle for...　　　 努力争取……； 为……而斗争 struggle against/with... 与……作斗争 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事；挣扎做某事 struggle to one's feet 某人挣扎着站起来 【单句语法填空/语段填空/完成句子/词汇升级】 (1)In the dark forest, Jane was frightened but she struggled to__keep(keep) calm. (2)I determine to struggle for my family.No matter what difficulties I come across, I will struggle against/with them. (3)尽管受伤严重，露西挣扎着站起来，一瘸一拐地向入口走去。 Despite the serious injury, Lucy struggled__to__her__feet and limped to the entrance. 读后续写之动作描写 (4)For him, expressing himself properly in English is difficult. →For him, expressing himself properly in English is a__struggle． 　　　　　　　 calm vt.使平静，使镇静 adj.镇静的，沉着的 【经典例句】 ①(教材P17)When you disagree with your parents, take a minute to calm down and try to understand the situation from their point of view. 当你和父母意见相左时，花点时间让自己冷静下来，尝试从他们的角度了解情况。 ②(人教必修一U4)If you find yourself in danger from a forest fire, first of all, stay calm. 如果你发现自己处于森林火灾的危险之中，首先，要保持镇静。 (1)calm down　　　　　 平静下来 calm sb. down 使某人镇定下来 (2)stay/keep calm 保持镇静 (3)calmly adv. 冷静地；平静地 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)Although I was trapped in difficulty，I still managed to calm down and tried my best to find a proper solution. (2)When he was caught in the flood, he gave his wife a call calmly(calm). (3)当他看到所有的观众都盯着他时，他深吸了一口气来使自己平静下来。 When he saw all the audience staring at him, he took a deep breath to__calm__himself__down． 读后续写之动作描写 　　　　　　　 view n.看法；视线；视野；景色 vt.把……视为；观看 【经典例句】 ①In my view, education is the key to a nation's development. 我认为，教育是一个国家发展的关键。 ②And eventually, the deep sea floor would come into view.　最终，深海海床将映入眼帘。 (1)in one's view/opinion＝from one's point of view/as far as sb.be concerned 　　　　　　　　　 在某人看来 come into view 进入视野，被看见 have/get a good view of... 　　　　　　　　　　 清楚地看到……/ 欣赏……景色 in view of 鉴于，考虑到 broaden/widen one's view 开阔某人的视野 (2)view...as... 把……看作…… 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)These mountains are a splendid sight when viewed(view) from the valley floor. (2)In my view, it is a good idea to bring a bunch of flowers and a box of chocolate. (3)When the old man opened the window, a stranger with a high hat came into view. (4)From the bottom of my heart，I view the newspaper as my close friend. (5)在我看来，您关于高级文学的讲座能开阔我们的视野。 From__my__point__of__view/In__my__view/opinion,__your lecture on advanced literature can broaden/widen__our__view． 　　　　　　　 think sth. through 充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透 【经典例句】 (教材P17)After you have thought it through, explain your actions and feelings calmly, listen carefully, and address their concerns. 考虑周全后，你要心平气和地向他们解释你的行为和感受，仔细倾听，打消他们的顾虑。 think about　　　　　　 考虑；思考 think of 想起；考虑；关心 think highly/much of 高度评价 think back 回想 think over 仔细考虑 think up 想出；编造出 【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】 (1)She'd have to think up several new ways of raising money for local charities. (2)I was thinking__about(考虑) whether to buy this reference book when someone called my name. (3)他既没有时间也无意愿关心其他事宜。 He had neither the time nor the will to think__of__other__things． 　　　　　　　 back down 承认错误，认输，让步 【经典例句】 The company had to back down when evidence proved their new products were flawed. 当证据证明他们的新产品有缺陷时，这家公司不得不承认错误。 (1)at the back of...　　 在……的后面 back to back 背对背 (2)get back 回来；恢复 answer back 应答；顶嘴 (3)back...into... 把……倒入…… back up 支持；备份 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)It didn't take me a long time to get my confidence back． (2)She backed the car into the garage expertly. (3)The man was so stubborn that he refused to back down． (4)去做吧！我会一直支持你的。 Just do it！And I will always back__you__up． (5)很少有人喜欢经常顶嘴的孩子。 Few people like children who often answer__back． 　　　　　　　 normal adj.正常的，一般的 n.常态，通常标准 【经典例句】 (教材P17)Just remember that it is completely normal to struggle with the stress that parent­child tensions create, and that you and your parents can work together to improve your relationship.　你只要记住，与亲子关系紧张带来的压力作斗争是完全正常的，而且你和你的父母可以共同努力，改善你们的关系。 (1)return to normal　　 恢复正常 above/below normal 高于/低于正常水平 (2)normally adv. 正常地 【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】 (1)The traffic police arrived at the spot to deal with the traffic accident, and the motorway ran normally(normal) again. (2)The speed of vehicles on the highway is above__normal(高于正常水平) during rush hour. (3)洪灾之后，这个村子的人将要花费很长时间才能恢复正常生活。 It will take a long time for people in the village to__return__to__normal__life after the flood. 　　　　　　　 stress n.精神压力，紧张；强调 vt.强调，着重 【经典例句】 Actually, a lot of teenagers are under great stress. 事实上，很多青少年都承受着巨大的压力。 (1)under stress　　　 　 在压力之下 lay/place/put stress on/upon... 强调/重视…… (2)stress the importance of... 强调……的重要性 (3)stressful adj. 压力重的；紧张的 stressed adj. 感到压力的 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)Obviously, the student felt stressed(stress) while adapting to the new environment. (2)Do you want to live a happier and less stressful(stress) life? (3)In our company, we place stress on/upon innovation and continuous improvement. (4)我们的老师经常强调对学习持有积极态度的重要性。 Our teacher often stresses__the__importance__of taking a positive attitude to study. 　　　　　　　 部分否定 【经典例句】 ①(教材P17)Unfortunately, your parents do not always agree and that makes you feel unhappy.　可惜，你的父母并不总是认同这一点，这让你感到不快乐。 ②(北师大必修一U1)However, not everything lived up to Zhang Tian's hopes. 然而，不是每件事都像张天希望的那样。 (1)教材原句中not always意为“不总是……”，表示部分否定； (2)all、both、each、every、everybody、everything、always、whole、entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词或副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，意为“并非都”； (3)no、none、never、nobody、nothing、neither、no one、nowhere等表否定意义的词与肯定式谓语连用构成全部否定。 【补全句子/完成句子/句型转换】 (1)The meeting will be held in September, but nobody__knows__the__date__for__sure (没有人知道确切的日期). (2)I agree with most of what you said, but I__don't__agree__with__everything (我并不完全同意). (3)然而，这并不总是那么容易。 This, however, is__not__always__easy． (4)Both of them are not my brothers. →Neither__of__them__is__my__brother.(全部否定) 　　　　　　　 wish虚拟语气 【经典例句】 ①(教材P17)On the other hand, when you are struggling to control your feelings, you wish they could be more caring and patient. 另一方面，当你努力控制自己的情绪时，你希望他们能更加体贴，更有耐心。 ②(外研必修一U3)I wish she had come! 我希望她来了！ wish后跟that引导的宾语从句，表示某种强烈而又难以实现的愿望，从句用虚拟语气。 wish后跟宾语从句表虚拟语气时，从句的谓语形式有： (1)did/were，表示与现在事实相反的愿望； (2)had done/been，表示与过去事实相反的愿望； (3)would/could/might＋动词原形，表示与将来事实相反的愿望。 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)I wish I had__been(be) at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then. (2)I wish I would/could/might__climb(climb) the Great Wall with you tomorrow, but I'm preparing for the coming exam. (3)How I wish my family were(be) here and could cheer for me in the game! (4)我希望你能够抓住这次机会进一步学习中国传统文化。 I wish that you__would/could/might__grasp__this__opportunity__to__learn__traditional__Chinese__culture__further．应用文写作之邀请信 　　　　　　　 “特殊疑问词＋to do”结构 【经典例句】 ①(教材P17)Through this kind of healthy discussion，you will learn when to back down and when to ask your parents to relax their control. 通过这种良性讨论，你会学会何时要做出让步，何时可以要求父母放松对你的控制。 ②(人教必修一U5)My biggest headache is how to be polite in English. 我最头痛的是如何用英语得体地表达。 教材原句中“when to back down” 和 “when to ask...control”是“特殊疑问词＋to do”结构，作learn的宾语；“特殊疑问词＋to do”结构在句中还可作主语或表语。 【补全句子/完成句子/句型转换】 (1)The children are taught how__to__keep__calm(如何保持冷静) in the face of an emergency and try to find a way out. (2)尚未决定何时动身。 When__to__start has not been decided. (3)I don't know what I should do. →I don't know what__to__do．(特殊疑问词＋to do) In the family, heated arguments and cold silences 1.are(be) very common between 2.teenagers(teenager) and their parents.Such family tensions may be often caused by teenagers' 3.painful(pain) physical changes, such as 4.changing(change) voice and weight problems.Besides, it can be 5.a big headache to balance teenagers' developing mental needs.However, teenagers can take action 6.to__improve(improve) the situation. For example, they can communicate with their parents 7.regularly(regular) and honestly.Through such healthy communication, teenagers can learn 8.when to back down and when to ask parents to relax their control.In fact, 9.it is quite normal to struggle with the stress that parent­child tensions create.The stormy period will not last long and everything 10.will__turn(turn) out all right in the end. Ⅰ.品句填词 1．The rate(率) of heart disease and cancer increases as people's diet changes. 2．Rock and roll is very popular with teenagers(青少年). 3．We all admire the young man struggling(奋斗) to enter a key university. 4．The parents told me about the tension(紧张关系) between them and their child. 5．She has fought a constant battle with her weight. 6．When I came in, she was arguing(争论) with one of her classmates. 7．He showed me the exact spot where he had asked her to marry him. 8．We should pay attention to the students' physical and mmental health. 9．The old couple view(把……视为) the little boy as their own grandson. 10．She sat down and took a few deep breaths to calm(使平静) herself down. 11．The author's purpose in writing this passage is to stress(强调) the importance of learning English. 12．Children are not allowed to enter the theatre unless accompanied by a(n) adult(成年人). Ⅱ.词块运用 1．Air pollution is an extremely serious problem, so strong measures should be taken to deal__with(处理) it. 2．I have trouble staying/keeping__calm(保持冷静)when I am caught in an emergency. 3．On the one hand, I want to sell the house; on__the__other__hand(另一方面), I can't bear the thought of moving. 4．The beautiful castle came__into__view(进入视野) and we were jumping for joy. 5．The mother was__anxious__about(担心) her little son when knowing that he was frightened by an accident. 6．The boom in building has resulted__in(导致) the local land being more valuable for houses. 7. I am thinking__about(考虑) majoring in French at university. 8．I had expected the weather to be better, but it turned__out(结果是) to be worse. 9．My parents see__eye__to__eye__with__me(与我看法一致) on where to buy a house. 10．Three years later, I shot__up(快速长高) and became the tallest one in my family. Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文 Dear friend， How is everything with you? I am sorry to know 1.that__you__have__quarreled__with__your__parents(你与你父母吵架了；that引导宾语从句)，2.which__makes__you__feel__very__annoyed(这使你感到非常烦恼；make＋宾语＋宾语补足语). Here are some suggestions.First of all, 3.it__is__important__to__have__a__regular__and__honest__communication__with__your__parents(与你父母进行定期、坦诚的沟通是重要的；it作形式主语).Besides, 4.when__you__argue__with__your__parents(当你与你父母争吵时；when引导时间状语从句)，calm down first, and then 5.put__yourself__in__their__shoes__and__try__to__understand__them(换位思考并尝试去理解他们；祈使句).Last but not least, learn to compromise and respect each other. Hope my suggestions can be helpful. Yours， Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $