Unit 3 Part 4 LESSON 3 THE ROAD TO DESTRUCTION（Word同步练习）-【学而思】2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版）

**基本信息** 本同步练通过“基础过关练”与“能力提升练”分层设计，构建“词汇-语法-语篇”渐进式知识巩固路径，兼顾语言能力夯实与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础过关练|单词拼写、熟词生义、短语运用、基础语法、简单句式|聚焦课内核心词汇（如“decades”“stuck”）与基础语法（时态、非谓语），通过高考真题改编题（2023全国乙）强化基础应用| |能力提升练|语篇语法填空、综合语法填空、阅读理解|以课文主题延伸语篇（交通与环保），融合社会热点阅读（2050科技与气候），考查长难句分析与推理能力，体现文化意识与思维深度|

Part 4　LESSON 3 THE ROAD TO DESTRUCTION 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.Michalis Maniatis is a Greek artist who has traveled between Greece and China for the past two 　　　　(十年).  2.(2023全国乙)Pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful 　　　　(气体), such as carbon dioxide.  3.(2022新高考Ⅰ)We were 　　　　(无法移动的) in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.  Ⅱ.熟词生义 1.(2023浙江1月)Oh, the road is jammed with traffic again. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  2.Up to 3,000 former employees have filed(提起) personal injury suits against the company. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  Ⅲ.选词填空(其中有一项多余) stressed out, be related to, take action, go up, compared to, be addicted to 1.The topic you choose must　　　　　　 your studies.   2.If costs　　　　　　, there will be an increase in prices.  3.I went through about four years of　　　　　　 video games.   4.(2023浙江1月改编)　　　　　　 other alternatives, the train is comfortable and relaxing.  5.Having to cope with too much homework and too many demands, these students were 　　　　　　.   Ⅳ.单句语法填空 1.We drove to the airport the next morning to pick　　　　　 Susan.   2.People who 　　　　　(regular) practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively.  3.From the　　　　　(annoy) look on her face, we knew that she was quite mad about what her son had done.   4.(2026四川成都模拟)Sam kicked a plastic bottle in 　　　　　(angry), sending it flying across the grass.  5.If　　　　　(cancer) are found early, there is a high opportunity for survival.  6.It usually takes me 20 minutes 　　　　　(get) home by bus.  7.Finally they climbed to the top of the mountain, 　　　　　(tire) and thirsty.  8.I enjoyed my stay in the library 　　　　　 I could read various books I was interested in.  9.There will be times 　　　　　 things are hard, but never give up and you'll succeed.   Ⅴ.完成句子 1.英语老师强调了学好英语的重要性。(stress) The English teacher 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 English well.  2.由于伊莎贝尔擅长研究,而彼得总是有说话的天赋,所以他们合作得很好。 As Isabel was good at researching　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, they cooperated quite well.(读后续写—人物描写)  3.毫无疑问,小麦的价格将会下降。(一句多译) ①　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the price of wheat will go down.  ②　　　　 　　　　, the price of wheat will go down.  4.The boy was addicted to computer games, so he didn't want to study.(句式升级) →　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, the boy didn't want to study.  能力提升练 Ⅰ.课文语法填空 With so many roadworks on the road, quite often we　1　(stick) in traffic jams. That's why we often get to our office, tired and 　2　(annoy). Over the last two decades, the number of cars on the road 　3　(go) up by 25% in Britain, and vehicle accidents have also increased greatly, 　4　 result in lots of deaths. Besides, too much traffic means too much air pollution.   　5　(keep) such a bad tendency under control, we ought to take action 　6　(immediate) so as to make a difference. Instead of 　7　(drive) our cars, we can walk or ride a bike for short journeys. 　8　 addition, we can use public transport or share our cars with others. Also, we are supposed to think 　9　 we set out. Is it necessary for us to go there? Can we buy 　10　(thing) in the shop around the corner? In this way, we can contribute a lot to our Mother Earth. So, don't just sit around and complain! Do whichever of these things that suit you.   1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　   6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　  Ⅱ.语法填空 (2026陕西商洛期中) The Great Wall, running for more than 20,000 kilometers, is a historic landmark with worldwide fame, but 　1　(climb) it is hard. Everyone may have some knowledge of it, but only a handful of people may have the skill to 　2　(physical) participate in its restoration.  However, a WeChat miniprogram, Great Wall E-tour, is allowing every enthusiast to be a hero in a virtual world, in 　3　 one not only visits the Great Wall, but also protects it. So far the program 　4　(attract) considerable attention and got a large fan base. Around 50,000 high-definition pictures of the Xipanjiakou site of the Great Wall are used to offer users a 　5　(remark) experience.  Liu Yuzhu, head of China Foundation For Cultural Heritage Conservation, says, “We made documentaries and published animated books in the past. These are popular, but the Great Wall is 　6　 complex structure and deserves more attention. So we tried something new.” Liu also adds, “A series of 　7　(program) like ours have been launched in China, with a combination 　8　 public education and restoration of relics through digitization.” The Great Wall 　9　(list) as a World Cultural Heritage Site in 1987, the first of 　10　(it) kind in China.  As a Chinese, I feel extremely proud. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　   6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　   Ⅲ.阅读理解 A (2025山西晋城多校期中) When Sarah was a child, she loved visiting the beach near her home, collecting seashells and observing ocean life. She was fascinated by the bright colors and various forms of life she found in the tide pools. As she grew older, Sarah began to wonder if she could help protect these important ecosystems from environmental damage. After studying ocean biology and environmental science in college, Sarah returned to her childhood love of the ocean, now with new questions in mind. How can we reduce plastic waste in the sea? What measures can protect endangered ocean animals? With the right research and protection efforts, she thought maybe she could make a difference. She decided to focus her career on protecting the ocean. Sarah's first major project was to start a program to clean up plastic waste from local beaches. She organized a team of volunteers, worked with the local government, set up recycling bins, and held educational workshops. After months of effort, the beaches were noticeably cleaner, and the community became more aware of the importance of recycling. Over the years, Sarah has successfully led many projects. She started a project to protect coral reefs by promoting eco-friendly tourism practices and established a care center for injured sea turtles. One of her most challenging projects was a partnership with an international group to reduce ocean acid(酸性的) levels through creative methods. “Environmental care” is what Sarah calls her approach. “The ocean is a valuable resource that supports life on Earth,” she says. “By working together and using science and education, we can protect it for future generations.” 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.What can be inferred about Sarah's early interest in ocean life? A.It delayed her decision to choose a career path. B.It was just for fun and had no long-term impact. C.It made her interested in tourism and ocean life. D.It led her to seek a career focused on ocean conservation. 2.What was one of Sarah's most challenging projects? A.Lowering ocean acid levels.　　　B.Starting a sea turtle care center. C.Promoting eco-friendly tourism.　　　D.Reducing plastic waste on beaches. 3.What does Sarah believe is key to ocean protection? A.Individual efforts.　　　B.Science and education. C.Advanced technology.　　　D.New laws and regulations. 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A.Sarah's childhood hobbies and interests. B.Different methods of cleaning up ocean pollution. C.Sarah's career in ocean tourism and beach activities. D.The importance of protecting sea life and ecosystems. B (2026河南新乡月考)(拓展语篇: 社会热点) Imagine a world in 2050 where cities are full of autonomous vehicles, AI-driven assistants perfectly fit into our daily routines, and virtual landscapes coexist with reality. From technological advances to climate change impacts, the next few decades will undoubtedly reshape the structure of our existence. In this new era, artificial intelligence and robotics will take center stage, transforming how we interact with our environment and one another. They will have evolved from mere tools to companions(同伴) that predict our needs and desires. The once-distant dream of having AI-driven personal assistants is now a reality, as they are managing our schedules, handling our communications, and offering personalized recommendations with extraordinary accuracy. However, as we fast-forward to 2050, one cannot help but think about the huge effects of climate change on our planet. At present, most of us are lacking the imagination of what daily life will be like when we have slashed our carbon emissions, from our homes and food to travel and the landscapes around us. What follows is an attempt to show you how a day will look in a world that achieves zero greenhouse gas emissions. Edie Vaughan, a young girl in 2050, lives in Toronto, Canada, a place that is among the most popular destinations for its healthy climate and clean water resources. There are forests, and giant machines taking carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) out of the atmosphere. At that time, there are no office or industrial jobs anymore: artificial intelligence and robots have taken care of them. The few jobs left are in service, culture or health care. Luckily, Edie has her job. Every morning, she checks the balance in her Personal Carbon Allowance (PCA) account to see if she has enough to buy another battery for her e-bike. If she doesn't have enough, she will have to buy carbon credits, and they are expensive. This story of 2050 is one of hope and possibility—a reminder that while enjoying the convenience brought by technological progress, we should also be responsible for the environment. 5.What does the author mainly discuss in paragraph 2? 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 A.The advancement of autonomous vehicles. B.The use of AI-driven personal assistants. C.The interaction between man and nature. D.The role of AI and robotics in daily life. 6.What does the underlined word “slashed” in paragraph 3 mean? A.Increased. 　　　B.Clarified.　　　 C.Reduced.　　　D.Adjusted. 7.What is one factor for Canada being a popular destination? A.Plentiful water.　　　B.Health care. C.Advanced technology.　　　D.Pleasant weather. 8.What does the author intend to tell us? A.A look into Edie Vaughan's life.　　　B.What our life will be like in 2050. C.Technology helps control the environment.　　　D.How we can handle climate change. 答案与分层梯度式解析 Part 4　LESSON 3 THE ROAD TO DESTRUCTION 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.decades　2.gas(es)　3.stuck Ⅱ.1.动词;挤满　句意:哦,路上又挤满了车辆。 2.名词;诉讼　句意:多达三千名前雇员已对该公司提起了个人伤害诉讼。 Ⅲ.1.be related to　2.go up　3.being addicted to 4.Compared to　5.stressed out Ⅳ.1.up　考查固定短语。根据语境可知,此处指“(开车)接人”,pick up符合语境。故填up。 2.regularly　考查副词。设空处修饰动词practise,应用副词作状语。故填regularly。 3.annoyed　考查形容词。设空处修饰后面的名词look,应用形容词作定语;修饰人的表情时应用以-ed结尾的形容词。故填annoyed。 4.anger　考查名词。设空处作介词in的宾语,用名词形式。in anger意为“愤怒地”,在句中作状语,故填anger。句意:萨姆愤怒地踢了一个塑料瓶,瓶子飞过了草地。 5.cancers　考查名词复数。根据从句谓语动词的提示可知此处用名词复数。故填cancers。 6.to get　考查固定句式。It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.表示“某人花费多长时间做某事”。其中It为形式主语,后面的不定式短语为真正的主语。 7.tired　考查形容词作状语。句意:最后,他们爬到了山顶,又累又渴。分析句子结构可知此处用形容词作状语。 8.where　考查定语从句。句意:我喜欢待在图书馆,在那里我可以阅读各种各样我感兴趣的书。分析句子结构可知,这里是定语从句,先行词library为地点名词,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。 9.when　考查定语从句。句意:会有事情很艰难的时候,但永远不要放弃,你会成功的。分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,先行词times为时间名词,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语。故填when。 Ⅴ.1.stressed the importance of learning　2.while Peter always had a talent for speaking　3.①There is no doubt that　②Without doubt　4.Addicted to computer games 能力提升练 Ⅰ.1.are stuck　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知,设空处作谓语;所给提示词stick与句子主语we之间为被动关系,且此处讲述一般事实,所以应用一般现在时的被动语态;主语为we,谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are stuck。 2.annoyed　考查形容词。设空处和and前的形容词tired并列,也应用形容词;此处形容人的感受,应用以-ed结尾的形容词。故填annoyed。 3.has gone　考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的Over the last two decades可知设空处应用现在完成时;“the number of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。故填has gone。 4.which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词vehicle accidents,指物,且关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。 5.To keep　考查动词不定式。分析句子成分可知,句中已有谓语动词,所以设空处应用非谓语动词;根据语境可知,此处表示目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To keep。 6.immediately　考查副词。设空处修饰take action,应用副词作状语。故填immediately。 7.driving　考查动词-ing形式。设空处作短语介词Instead of的宾语,应用动词-ing形式。故填driving。 8.In　考查介词。in addition意为“此外”,为固定短语,注意首字母大写。故填In。 9.before　考查时间状语从句。句意:此外,我们应该在出发前思考。根据句意和常识可知,此处指“出发之前应该思考”。故填before。 10.things　考查名词复数。thing是可数名词,其前无限定词,所以应用复数。故填things。 Ⅱ.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。攀登长城并非易事,保护长城更加困难。微信小程序“云游长城”通过虚拟现实技术展示中国长城,使人们能够更加容易地游览并保护长城。 【高频词汇】　1.fame n.名声,声誉　2.participate v.参加,参与　3.considerable adj.相当多的,相当大的 4.deserve v.值得,应受 【熟词生义】　run熟义:v.跑　生义:v.延伸,伸展 【差距词汇】　1.landmark n.地标　2.enthusiast n.热衷于……的人,爱好者　3.animated adj.动画的 4.digitization n.数字化 1.climbing　考查动词-ing形式。句意:长城全长两万多千米,是举世闻名的历史地标,但攀登它却很难。此处是非谓语动词作主语,陈述一般情况,用动词-ing形式作主语。故填climbing。 2.physically　考查副词。句意:每个人可能都对它有一些了解,但可能只有少数人有能力亲自参与修复。此处用副词修饰动词短语participate in。故填physically。 3.which　考查非限制性定语从句。句意:然而,微信小程序“云游长城”让每个狂热爱好者都成为虚拟世界中的英雄,在这个虚拟世界里,一个人不仅参观长城,而且还能保护它。此处virtual world是先行词,指物,应用“介词in+which”引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 4.has attracted　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,这个程序已经吸引了大量的关注和粉丝。根据时间状语So far可知,句子用现在完成时,且句子主语是单数名词program,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has attracted。 5.remarkable　考查形容词。句意:使用了大约五万张西潘家口长城的高清图片,为用户提供了非凡的体验。空后的experience是名词,应用形容词修饰。故填remarkable。 6.a　考查冠词。句意:这些很受欢迎,但长城是一个复杂的建筑物,值得更多的关注。此处指“一个”复杂的建筑物,是泛指,且complex的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。 7.programs　考查名词复数。句意:中国已经开展了一系列像我们这样的计划,将公众教育与遗迹数字化修复相结合。a series of意为“一系列的”,后跟名词复数。故填programs。 8.of　考查介词。句意见上题。a combination of意为“一种……的结合体”。故填of。 9.was listed　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:1987年,长城被列为世界文化遗产,这是中国首个被列为世界文化遗产的地方。句子主语The Great Wall是第三人称单数,和动词list之间是被动关系,再根据时间状语in 1987可知,该句用一般过去时的被动语态,且谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was listed。 10.its　考查代词。句意见上题。空后的kind是名词,应用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填its。 Ⅲ. A 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Sarah从小对海洋生物充满好奇,通过学习海洋生物学和环境科学,投身于海洋保护事业,领导了许多成功的保护项目的故事。 【高频词汇】　1.be fascinated by对……着迷 2.protection n.保护　3.establish v.建立;创立;设立 【熟词生义】　life熟义:n.生活　生义:n.生物 长难句 原句　As she grew older, Sarah began to wonder if she could help protect these important ecosystems from environmental damage. 分析　本句是主从复合句。as引导时间状语从句, if引导宾语从句。 译文　随着年龄的增长,Sarah开始想知道自己是否可以帮助保护这些重要的生态系统免受环境破坏。 1.D　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“As she grew older, Sarah began to wonder if she could help protect these important ecosystems from environmental damage.(随着年龄的增长,Sarah开始想知道她是否可以帮助保护这些重要的生态系统免受环境破坏。)”可推知,Sarah童年时对海洋生物的兴趣逐渐引导她去思考如何保护这些生态系统,最终使她走上保护海洋的职业道路,故选D。 易错归因 　　本题容易误选C。C选项意为“它让她对旅游业和海洋生物感兴趣”。然而,文章中并没有明确提到Sarah因为对海洋生物感兴趣而特别关注旅游业。虽然她在保护珊瑚礁的项目中推广了环保旅游实践,但这并不是她早期对海洋生物感兴趣的直接结果,而是她在决定从事海洋保护事业后,在职业生涯中发展的一个方面。文章主要强调的是Sarah因为小时候对海洋生物感兴趣,逐渐发展出对海洋保护的热情,并在大学学习海洋生物学和环境科学后,决定专注于海洋保护事业。她的一系列项目和努力都是围绕海洋保护展开的,而不是旅游业。因此C选项与文章的主题不符,是错误的。 2.A　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“One of her most challenging projects was a partnership with an international group to reduce ocean acid levels through creative methods.(她最具挑战性的项目之一是与一个国际组织合作,通过创造性的方法降低海洋酸化水平。)”可知,降低海洋酸化水平是她最具挑战性的项目之一,故选A。 3.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“‘The ocean is a valuable resource that supports life on Earth,’ she says. ‘By working together and using science and education, we can protect it for future generations.’(‘海洋是维持地球上生命的宝贵资源,’她说。‘通过共同努力,利用科学和教育,我们可以为子孙后代保护它。’)”可知,Sarah认为科学和教育是保护海洋的关键,故选B。 4.D　主旨大意题。纵观全文,尤其是根据第一段的内容可知,文章描述了 Sarah小时候对海洋生物感兴趣,成年后逐渐致力于保护海洋生态系统,由此推知,这篇文章强调了保护海洋生物和生态系统的重要性,故选D。 B 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要畅想了2050年科技与气候变化对人类生活的影响,描绘了人工智能和机器人如何融入日常生活,以及在实现零温室气体排放的世界中,人们如何适应新的生活方式。 【高频词汇】　1.coexist with与……共存 2.undoubtedly adv.无疑,肯定　3.reshape vt.改变; 重塑 4.personalized adj.个性化的　5.accuracy n.准确(性);精确(程度)　6.cannot help but do sth.禁不住做某事　7.carbon credit碳信用,碳补偿信用额 8.be responsible for对……负责 长难句 by technological progress), we should also be responsible for the environment.  译文:这个关于2050年的故事充满了希望与可能性——它提醒我们:在享受科技进步带来的便利的同时,我们也应当对环境负责。 5.D　主旨大意题。第二段首句是该段的主旨句。因此第二段主要讨论了人工智能和机器人在日常生活中的作用。故选D。 6.C　词义猜测题。画线词下文“What follows is...emissions.”提到“零温室气体排放的世界”,这是“when we have slashed our carbon emissions...us”的结果。所以,画线词slashed意为“减少”。故选C。 7.D　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知,加拿大多伦多因其有益于健康的气候和清洁的水资源成为最受欢迎的目的地之一。D项“Pleasant weather(宜人的天气)”与原文中“healthy climate”含义相近。故选D。 8.B　推理判断题。 Para. 1 设想2050年自动驾驶、AI助手等技术普及,指出技术进步与气候变化影响将重塑人类生存结构。 Para. 2 聚焦2050年人工智能和机器人技术的作用。 Para. 3— Para. 4 提及气候变化的影响,并通过Edie在2050年多伦多的生活细节,具体呈现实现温室气体零排放世界的日常。 Para. 5 总结故事,传递希望,提醒人们享受技术便利时要承担环保责任。 根据文章脉络可知,文章主要畅想了2050年科技与气候变化对人类生活的影响,作者旨在告诉我们2050年我们的生活会是什么样子的。故选B。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $