Unit 2 Part 4 LESSON 3 GETTING TO THE TOP（Word同步练习）-【学而思】2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版）

**基本信息** 分层清晰，从基础语言知识到综合语用能力递进，适配新授课巩固需求，兼顾语言能力与思维品质培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础过关练|词汇（拼写、熟词生义）、语法（冠词、词形转换等）、基础句型|单一知识点强化，结合高考真题情境（如2023新课标Ⅱ月台题），夯实语言能力基础| |能力提升练|语篇语法应用、篇章理解与分析|综合语用，融入文化意识（如袁隆平事迹）和思维品质（如阅读理解推理题），衔接高阶语言运用需求|

Part 4　LESSON 3 GETTING TO THE TOP 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.It rained for two weeks, which completely　　　　(破坏) our holiday.   2.It noted that the Chinese team has made 　　　　(杰出的) contributions to mankind's lunar and deep-space exploration.  3.(2023新课标Ⅱ)Meet on the lower　　　　(月台) at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.  Ⅱ.熟词生义 1.(2021全国甲)Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  2.The goldfish example shows that the same physical situation can be modeled in different ways, each employing different fundamental elements and concepts. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　   Ⅲ.选词填空(其中有一项多余) on average, apart from, be willing to do, boil down to, stay in, strive for 1.　　　　　　 his monthly salary as a sales manager, he also gets a travel allowance.   2.The advice we gave him　　　　　　 this: he should take care of his health.   3.If I　　　　　　, my mother will cook wonderful chicken or steak.   4.Only when everyone　　　　　　 our own dreams can we realize the Chinese Dream.   5.(2021北京)If the rivers run faster in the future　　　　　　, the clock will get ahead of standard time.  Ⅳ.单句语法填空 1.We did many things here, such as playing basketball, playing tennis, 　　　　　(skip)rope and so on.   2.The price varies　　　　　(enormous) depending on where the wine is produced.  3.(2026河南周口月考)This strategy ensures you make proper eye contact for a 　　　　　(long) of time that's natural and comfortable to both parties.  4.The boy often plays a　　　　　(defend) game, waiting for his opponent to make a mistake.  5.(2025全国二)Students who are around plants perform better 　　　　　(academic) than students who are in a classroom without plants.  6.Confucius traveled throughout the country, imparting(传授) his wisdom to 　　　　　(count) disciples(门徒) and leaving a profound impact on Chinese society.   7.(2026安徽六安期中)Look for an organization in your area that picks up trash, works with 　　　　　(injury) or abandoned animals, or works for political causes.  Ⅴ.单元语法专练 1.Friendship appears to be　　　　　 unique form of human bonding.  2.(2023新课标Ⅰ)But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered 　　　　　 interesting twist(转折) on this classic phenomenon.  3.Of the two coats, I'd choose　　　　　cheaper one to spare some money for a book.   4.　　　　　Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.   5.Fortunately, the long and boring lecture is coming to　　　　　 end.  Ⅵ.完成句子 1.使赖斯与大多数工程师不同的是他对创新和实践的不断渴望。 What　　　　 Rice 　　　　 　　　　 most engineers is his constant desire for innovation and experiment.  2.我专心致志于这项任务。(apply) I 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.  3.无论发生什么,他都不会放弃。(一句多译) ①　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, he will not give up.   ②　　　　 　　　　, he will not give up. 能力提升练 Ⅰ.课文语法填空 Ever since I was a girl, I have been pushing my limits, living my life to　1　(extreme) and putting extra efforts to set myself apart 　2　 my competitors. Some of my friends and family members are 　3　(concern) about me and my health, 　4　 makes me angry and defensive sometimes because they don't know what it takes to be a champion.   To be honest, I have fears as　5　 professional athlete on a daily basis, thinking about not being the top. I am always tired. I also know that I 　6　(frequent) ruin family occasions for my training.   However, it boils down to this: If my goal is to be the best, I had better be committed to my sport, even if it means 　7　(get) injured. Doing what we do as athletes 　8　(make) us outstanding. Call it imbalanced or abnormal if you want, 　9　 these are not the words for anyone 　10　(strive) for greatness.   1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　   6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　  Ⅱ.语法填空 (2025河南周口期中) After graduating in 1953, Yuan Longping worked as a researcher. He realised that　1　(large) fields were not the solution. Instead, farmers needed to boost yields 　2　 the fields they had. How this could be done was a 　3　(challenge) question at the time. Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. A hybrid is a cross between two or more 　4　(variety) of a species. One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than 　5　(convention) crops. However, 　 6　 it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was 　7　 matter of great debate. The common 　8　(assume) then was that it could not be done. Through intense effort, Yuan 　9　(overcome) enormous technical difficulties and developed the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1973. This hybrid enabled farmers 　10　(expand) their output greatly.  1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　   6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　  Ⅲ.阅读理解 A (2025河南新高中创新联盟TOP二十名校调研) Women are such amazing beings and if you need a bit of inspiration to keep going, here are stories of inspiring women who made a contribution to human history. Jane Austen (1775-1817) She wrote about what life was like during the late 1700s and early 1800s through the books Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Mansfield Park, and Emma. These books were released within just four years of each other. Two other books, Northanger Abbey and Persuasion, were published after she died. Her face is now on the new ￡10 note, reminding us every day how much her books have affected us all. Florence Nightingale (1820-1910) She was born into a wealthy family, which disapproved of her entering the nursing profession. After receiving a letter from the Secretary of War who asked her to put together a team and look after British soldiers during the Crimean War, she moved to London. This was the first time that women had been allowed to serve in the army. She went home as a heroine and even received a thank-you letter from Queen Victoria. She left a legacy in health care in the war. Marie Curie (1867-1934) One of the most famous scientists of all time comes in the form of Marie Curie. Together with her fellow scientist and husband Pierre, she did amazing work on their discoveries. In 1903, they received a Nobel Prize. She won another Nobel Prize in 1911, the first woman to do so. The Curies were the pair who made the discovery of radioactivity, which paved the way for the creation of X-rays. Mother Teresa (1910-1997) In September 2016, Mother Teresa was announced to be named as saint, which she deserves after her devotion to helping people in poverty. In 1929, she traveled to India and committed her whole life to helping poor people, especially in the eastern Indian city of Kolkata. She received the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1979 and canceled the big dinner celebration. She then suggested giving all of the money to the poor people in Kolkata. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.Why is the ￡10 note mentioned in the text? A.To increase readers' interest in Jane Austen. B.To show the value of Jane Austen's face. C.To make more people know about Jane Austen. D.To highlight the recognition and impact of Jane Austen's works. 2.Who made a mark on nursing? A.Jane Austen.　　B.Florence Nightingale.　　C.Marie Curie.　　D.Mother Teresa. 3.What did Marie Curie and Mother Teresa have in common? A.They won the Nobel Prize.　　　 B.They served in the army. C.They gave all their belongings away.　　　 D.They worked for the poor. B (2026广东惠州市实验中学期中) Just being smart doesn't guarantee someone will be successful. And just being less smart doesn't mean that the person will fail. That's one take-home message from the work of people like Angela Duckworth. She works at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. Like many other researchers, Duckworth wondered what makes one person more successful than another. When digging deeper, Duckworth found that the people who performed best shared a quality(品质) independent of smarts. They had what she now calls perseverance. Duckworth developed a set of questions to test it. In one study of people aged 25 and above, she found that as people age, they become more likely to stick with a project. She also found that perseverance increases with education. People who had finished college scored higher in the perseverance test than people who quit before graduation did. People who went to graduate school after college scored even higher. She then did another study with college students. Duckworth wanted to see how smarts and perseverance influenced performance in school. So she compared scores on college-entrance exams, which test IQ, to school grades and someone's score in the perseverance test. Students with higher grades seem to have more perseverance. That's not surprising. Getting good grades takes both smarts and hard work. But some people counter that this perseverance means success. Among those people is Marcus Credé, a teacher at Iowa State University in Ames. He recently showed the results of 88 studies on perseverance. Together, nearly 67,000 people took part in these studies. And perseverance did not predict success, Credé found. Nevertheless, he thinks perseverance is very similar to someone's ability to set goals, work toward them and think things through before acting. It's a basic personality quality, Credé notes—not something that can be changed. “Study habits and skills, test anxiety and class attendance are far more strongly connected with school grades than perseverance,” Credé says. “We can teach students how to study well. We can help them with their test anxiety,” he adds. “I'm not sure we can do that with perseverance.” 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 4.What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A.Smart people may not succeed.　　　B.Success has nothing to do with smarts. C.Perseverance is a quality dependent on smarts.　　　D.Perseverance decides how smart one might be. 5.What might influence a person's perseverance according to Angela Duckworth's findings? A.Lifestyles.　　　B.Family tradition.　　　 C.Education.　　　D.Personality types. 6.What does the underlined word “counter” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A.Warn.　　　B.Reply. C.Accept.　　　D.Doubt. 7.What is Credé's opinion about perseverance? A.It is strongly related to test anxiety.　　　B.It can hardly be taught in school. C.It should be paid no attention to in teaching.　　　D.It can't influence students' school grades. 答案与分层梯度式解析 Part 4　LESSON 3 GETTING TO THE TOP 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.ruined　2.outstanding　3.platform Ⅱ.1.名词;参赛作品　句意:每年,参赛作品的高标准表明,该奖项是展示最佳英国风景摄影作品的完美平台。 2.名词;基本原理　句意:金鱼的例子表明,相同的物理情况可以用不同的方式建模,每种方式都采用不同的基本原理和概念。 Ⅲ.1.Apart from　2.boiled down to　3.stay in　4.strives for　5.on average Ⅳ.1.skipping　考查动词-ing形式。分析句子可知,　　　 rope与playing basketball和playing tennis并列,所以也应用动词-ing形式,故填skipping。skip的动词-ing形式、过去分词和过去式都需要双写p再加对应的后缀。   2.enormously　考查副词。句意:根据产地的不同,葡萄酒价格差异很大。分析句子结构可知,设空处修饰空前的动词varies,应该用副词,enormous的副词形式是enormously。 3.length　考查名词。空前是冠词a,空后是介词of,由此可知设空处需填一个名词,故填length。 4.defensive　考查形容词。此处用形容词作定语,修饰名词game。句意:这个男孩经常玩防守游戏,等着对手犯错。 5.academically　考查副词。句意:身边有植物的学生在学业上的表现比身处无植物的教室的学生更好。此处需用副词修饰动词perform,故填副词academically。 6.countless　考查形容词。句意:孔子游历全国,将他的智慧传授给无数门徒,对中国社会产生了深远的影响。根据句意可知此处用形容词作定语,修饰disciples,故填countless。 7.injured　考查形容词。设空处与第一个or后边的abandoned都修饰名词animals,由此可知此处用过去分词形式的形容词作定语。故填injured。 Ⅴ.1.a　考查冠词。句意:友谊似乎是人类关系的一种独特形式。句中的form“类型,形式”是可数名词,短语a form of意为“一种……的形式”,此处表泛指,空后的unique以辅音音素开头,所以用不定冠词a。 2.an　考查冠词。句意:由Joaquin Navajas领导的一项新研究为这一经典现象提供了一个有趣的转折。结合句意可知,此处表示“一个有趣的转折”,是泛指,应用不定冠词,interesting的发音以元音音素开头,所以用不定冠词an。 3.the　考查冠词。句意:在这两件外套中,我要选这件较便宜的,好省点钱买本书。结合语境可知,这里是特指两件外套中较便宜的那件,应用定冠词the。 4.The　考查冠词。句意:布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。分析句子结构可知,设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。“the+姓氏+family”意为“某某一家人”。设空处置于句首,首字母应该大写。故填The。 5.an　考查冠词。句意:幸运的是,漫长而无聊的讲座即将结束。come to an end“告终;结束;完结”。故填an。 Ⅵ.1.sets;apart from　2.applied myself to this task 3.①No matter what happens　②Whatever happens 能力提升练 Ⅰ.1.extremes　考查名词复数。句意:从我还是个小女孩时起,我就一直在挑战自己的极限,把生活过到极致,并付出额外的努力来让自己从竞争对手中脱颖而出。空前为介词to,无限定词,由于extreme表示“极端”时是可数名词,故填extremes。 2.from　考查介词。句意见上题。set...apart from...意为“使与众不同;使突出;使优于……”,故填from。 3.concerned　考查形容词。句意:我的一些朋友和家人担心我和我的健康,这有时让我生气并怀有戒心,因为他们不知道成为冠军要付出什么。be concerned about...意为“担心……”,故填concerned。 4.which　考查定语从句。句意见上题。结合句意判断此处是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,设空处指代整个主句的内容,故填which。 5.a　考查冠词。句意:说实话,作为一名职业运动员,想到不能成为第一,我每天都很害怕。athlete为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且空后的形容词professional以辅音音素开头,所以用不定冠词a。 6.frequently　考查副词。句意:我也知道我经常为了训练而毁掉家庭聚会。结合句意判断此处用副词修饰动词ruin,故填frequently。 7.getting　考查动词-ing形式。句意:然而,它归结为:如果我的目标是成为最优秀的人,我最好全心全意投入到我的体育运动中,即使这意味着受伤。 结合句意和结构判断设空处作means的宾语,mean doing意为“意味着做……”,故填getting。 8.makes　考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文的时态可知此处应用一般现在时,单个动词-ing形式作主语时,谓语动词应用单数,故填makes。 9.but　考查连词。句意:如果你愿意,可以说这不平衡或不正常,但这些词不适用于任何努力追求伟大的人。空前、空后均为完整的句子,根据句意判断上下文之间为转折关系,故填并列连词but。 10.striving　考查动词-ing形式。句意见上题。结合句意判断此处作anyone的后置定语,由于anyone与strive之间为主动关系,所以应使用动词-ing形式,故填striving。 Ⅱ.语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了袁隆平及其研究的杂交水稻。 【高频词汇】　1.graduate v.大学毕业;获得学位 2.solution n.解决办法　3.characteristic n.特征 4.debate n.讨论;争论 【熟词生义】　1.cross熟义:v.穿越　生义:n.杂交品种 2.variety熟义:n.不同种类;多样化　生义:n.变种,品种 【差距词汇】　yield n.产量 1.larger　考查形容词比较级。句意:他意识到,更大的田地不是解决办法。结合句意可知,表示与现有田地进行比较,“更大的田地”符合句意,要使用形容词比较级,故填larger。 2.in　考查介词。句意:相反,农民需要提高他们现有田地的产量。“在田地里”使用介词in,故填in。 3.challenging　考查形容词。句意:如何做到这一点在当时是一个具有挑战性的问题。分析句子结构可知,此处要使用形容词作定语修饰名词,故填challenging。 4.varieties　考查名词复数。句意:杂交种是一个物种的两个或多个品种之间的杂交。分析句子结构可知,此处要使用名词作宾语,variety“品种”是可数名词,结合前文的two or more可知,此处要使用可数名词复数,故填varieties。 5.conventional　考查形容词。句意:杂交种的一个特点是它们通常比传统作物获得更高的产量。分析句子结构可知,此处要使用形容词作定语修饰名词,故填conventional。 6.whether　考查主语从句。句意:然而,是否有可能开发出水稻等自花授粉植物的杂交种是一个备受争议的问题。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导主语从句,结合句意可知,whether“是否”符合题意,故填whether。 7.a　考查冠词。句意见上题。短语a matter of“……的问题”,故填a。 8.assumption　考查名词。句意:当时人们普遍认为这是不可能的。分析句子结构可知,设空处作主语,应用名词,故填assumption。 9.overcame　考查动词时态。句意:通过艰苦的努力,袁(隆平)克服了巨大的技术难题,于1973年研制出了第一批可用于农业的杂交水稻。结合时间状语in 1973可知,此处陈述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,故填overcame。 10.to expand　考查动词不定式。句意:这种杂交种使农民能够大幅增加产量。enable sb. to do sth.意为“使某人能够做某事”,此处使用动词不定式作宾语补足语,故填to expand。 Ⅲ.A 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了历史上四位鼓舞人心的女性及其主要成就和对社会的贡献。 【高频词汇】　1.amazing adj.令人惊叹的　2.inspiration n.灵感　3.remind v.提醒;使想起　4.affect v.影响 5.disapprove of 不同意,不赞成 【熟词生义】　1.note熟义:n.便条　生义:n.纸币　2.serve 熟义:v.服务　生义:v.服兵役　3.name熟义:n.名字　生义:v.提名 1.D　推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词 “￡10 note”定位至第二段。根据第二段最后一句“Her face is now on the new ￡10 note, reminding us every day how much her books have affected us all.(她的头像现在出现在新版10英镑纸币上,每天都在提醒我们,她的书对我们所有人产生了多大的影响。)”可知,文章提到10英镑纸币是为了突出简·奥斯汀的作品的认可度和对社会的影响,故选D。 2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“She was born into a wealthy family, which disapproved of her entering the nursing profession.”和本段小标题可知,弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔在护理方面做出了贡献,故选B。 3.A　细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“Marie Curie and Mother Teresa”定位至第四段和第五段。根据第四段第三句“In 1903, they received a Nobel Prize.”可知,玛丽·居里获得了诺贝尔奖;根据第五段第三句“She received the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1979...”可知,特蕾莎修女在1979年获得了诺贝尔和平奖,由此可知,玛丽·居里和特蕾莎修女的共同点是她们都获得了诺贝尔奖,故选A。 B 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了毅力与成功之间的联系。 【高频词汇】　1.(be) independent of 与……不相关/无关联的　2.stick with坚持　3.score v.得分　4.attendance n.出席;参加 【熟词生义】　note 熟义:n.笔记　生义:v.指出 4.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Just being smart doesn't guarantee someone will be successful.”可知,聪明的人未必会成功。故选A。 易错归因 B项 第一段中“Just being smart doesn't guarantee someone will be successful.”说明仅仅聪明并不能保证一个人会成功。但B项完全否认成功与聪明的关系,和文章意思不符。 C项 根据第二段中“a quality independent of smarts”可知,毅力是一种与智慧不相关的品质,和C项意思正相反。 D项 D项“毅力决定一个人有多聪明”为无中生有项,在文中并无依据。 5.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She also found that perseverance increases with education...People who went to graduate school after college scored even higher.”可知,Angela Duckworth发现,受教育程度可以影响一个人的毅力,后者随着前者的提高而增加。故选C。 6.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词上段中的“So she compared scores on college-entrance exams...Students with higher grades seem to have more perseverance.”可知,Angela Duckworth的研究发现毅力和成功有很大关系,再结合画线词前的But可知,上下文存在转折关系。由此推知,一些人反对毅力意味着成功这个观点,counter意思是“反对”,与doubt意思相近。故选D。 7.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘We can teach students how to study well. We can help them with their test anxiety,’ he adds. ‘I'm not sure we can do that with perseverance.’”可推知,在Credé看来,毅力这种品质很难在学校中被教授。故选B。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $