Unit 8 语法讲解及习题 状语从句与宾语从句复习 2026-2027学年鲁教版英语（五四学制）九年级下册

该初中英语知识清单聚焦状语从句与宾语从句复习，从定义切入，系统梳理宾语从句引导词、语序、时态三要素及状语从句时间、原因、条件、让步四类重点，通过做题四步法构建从概念理解到应用的学习支架。 知识链路以“概念-要素-应用”逻辑清晰呈现，结合环保主题例句增强语境感。习题涵盖单选、填空等多种形式，解析强调“主现从任”等规则培养思维品质，引导学生掌握语法策略提升学习能力，助力语言能力与环保意识协同发展。

鲁教版英语(五四制)Unit8语法讲解及习题: 状语从句与宾语从句复习 一、核心概念 (一)宾语从句(Object Clauses) 1. 定义 在复合句中,放在动词 / 介词后面充当宾语的从句,相当于一句话做宾语。 2. 宾语从句三要素:引导词、语序、时态 (1)引导词三类 ① that:引导陈述句,无词义,口语、写作中可以省略。 例句(环保话题):We know (that) waste pollutes our rivers. 我们知道废弃物污染河流。 ② if / whether:翻译为 “是否”,把一般疑问句转为宾语从句。 例句:I wonder if/whether we can reduce plastic pollution. 我想知道我们能否减少塑料污染。 ③ 特殊疑问词(what /why/when /where/how),由特殊疑问句转化而来,保留疑问含义。 例句:Do you know why we should sort rubbish? 你知道我们为什么要垃圾分类吗? (2)语序(必考易错) 宾语从句必须用陈述语序:引导词 + 主语 + 谓语,不能用疑问倒装。 I don’t know where does the waste go. I don’t know where the waste goes. 我不知道垃圾去往何处。 (3)时态呼应规则 ①主现从任:主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际句意选用任意时态。 I believe that we will make our environment better.(主现,从句将来) ②主过从过:主句是一般过去时,从句要改为对应的过去时态。 He said that plastic was bad for the soil. 他说塑料对土壤有害。 ③客观真理、客观事实永用一般现在时,不受主句过去时态影响。 The scientist told us that the earth goes around the sun. (二)状语从句(Adverbial Clauses) 1. 定义 从句修饰主句的动词、形容词,表时间、原因、条件、让步等。本单元重点四类:时间、原因、条件、让步。 从句类型 引导词 含义 例句 时间状语从句 as soon as / when / while 一…… 就;当…… 时候 We will sort rubbish as soon as we get home. 我们一到家就会分类垃圾。(主将从现) 原因状语从句 because 因为 Many rivers are dirty because factories pour waste water into them. 很多河流很脏,因为工厂向里面排放废水。 条件状语从句 unless(=if…not) 除非,如果不 We cannot solve pollution unless everyone takes action. 除非人人行动,否则我们不能解决污染。 让步状语从句 while / although / though 虽然,尽管 While recycling is useful, it cannot solve all environmental problems. 尽管回收利用很有用,但它不能解决全部环境问题。 ️高频易错提醒 1. because 和 so 不能同时连用;although/while 和 but 不能同时连用,二者只能保留一个。 2. 主将从现:时间、条件状语从句,主句将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。 If it rains tomorrow, we will put off the environmental activity. If it will rain tomorrow, we will put off the environmental activity. (三)做题四步法 ①判断从句位置:动词 / 介词后面 大概率宾语从句;修饰主句动作表时间 / 原因 / 条件 状语从句。 ②宾语从句:一看引导词;二看陈述语序;三核对时态。 ③状语从句:识别引导词;注意主将从现;牢记关联词不能成对连用(because‑so;although‑but)。 ④结合上下文句意选择合适连词。 二、专项练习题 单项选择 ( )1. I wonder we should reuse these plastic bottles. A. that B. if C. what D. how’s ( )2. We can’t stop land pollution all of us do something for the earth. A. because B. unless C. so D. but ( )3. Do you know many animals are hurt by plastic waste? A. why B. what C. where D. who ( )4. waste‑sorting is helpful, it is not easy for some old people. A. Although B. But C. So D. Because ( )5. He told us that the river cleaner in the near future. A. will become B. would become C. becomes D. became ( )6. Please tell me I can do to protect the Yangtze River. A. what B. that C. unless D. though ( )7. We will hold an environmental activity the holiday comes. A. as soon as B. because C. but D. so ( )8. —Could you tell me ? —Well, we can take cloth bags instead of plastic ones. A. what can we do to cut down waste B. what we can do to cut down waste C. what we could do to cut down waste D. what could we do to cut down waste ( )9. people throw too much rubbish, the environment will get worse. A. Although B. Though C. If D. Unless ( )10. I didn’t realize there were so many kinds of pollution around us. A. that B. what C. if D. how’s ( )11. Because chemical waste pollutes the soil, many plants die. A. so B. / C. but D. and ( )12. While we rubbish, we can learn more about waste‑sorting knowledge. A. are sorting B. will sort C. sorted D. sort 用方框内连词填空(每词限用一次,有多余选项) 方框词:that, if, whether, why, as soon as, because, unless, while, what, how 1. I believe small actions can make a big difference to our environment. 2. Nobody knows this kind of waste does harm to our health. 3. We cannot reduce pollution everyone plays his part. 4. People throw away lots of things they think they are useless. 5. you finish your homework, you can join the waste‑sorting volunteer group. 6. I wonder we will have more recycling bins in our neighbourhood. 7. recycling brings us many advantages, it still has some limits. 8. Can you show me I can turn old boxes into useful things? 9. Do you know we should do when we see polluted rivers? 10. She asked more trees would be planted along the river next year. 句型转换 1. Where should we throw the used batteries? Could you tell me?(合并宾语从句) Could you tell me throw the used batteries? 2. We must take action. Or the pollution will be worse.(用 unless 改写状语从句) The pollution will be worse we take action. 3. Factories pour waste water. So the lake becomes dirty.(用 because 改写状语从句) The lake becomes dirty factories waste water into it. 4. “People can protect the environment in daily life.” He said.(改为宾语从句) He said people protect the environment in daily life. 5. Although waste‑sorting is hard, we should keep doing it.(改为同义句,去掉 although) Waste‑sorting is hard, we should keep doing it. 改错,划出错误并改正 1. I don’t know where does the harmful waste go after being collected. 2. Because plastic is cheap, so many people use it every day. 3. While the rubbish will arrive, workers will separate different kinds of waste. 短文填空( 选择合适连词) Pollution is a serious problem nowadays. Many people don’t realize 1.plastic can stay in the soil for hundreds of years. 2.we want a better world, we must change our habits. 3.reusing things is a good way, it cannot solve all environmental problems. More work still needs to be done. 参考答案 单项选择 1. B 解析:wonder 后接 if 引导宾语从句,表 “是否”,我想知道我们是否应该重复利用塑料瓶。 2. B 解析:unless 条件状语从句,意为 “除非”,除非所有人为地球做点事,否则我们无法阻止土壤污染。 3. A 解析:why 引导宾语从句,句意:你知道为什么很多动物被塑料垃圾伤害吗。 4. A 解析:although 引导让步状语从句 “虽然垃圾分类很有用”,although 不与 but 连用。 5. B 解析:主句 told 是一般过去时,主过从过,将来改为过去将来 would become。 6. A 解析:what 在宾语从句中作 do 的宾语,“告诉我我可以做什么保护长江”。 7. A 解析:as soon as 时间状语从句,主将从现,假期一到来我们就举办环保活动。 8. B 解析:宾语从句必须陈述语序;could you tell me 是委婉请求,从句用一般现在 can。 9. C 解析:if 条件状语从句,如果人们丢弃太多垃圾,环境会变得更差,主将从现。 10. A 解析:that 引导宾语从句,无含义,可省略。我没有意识到我们身边有这么多种污染。 11. B 解析:because 与 so 不能同时连用,去掉 so。 12. A 解析:while 引导时间状语从句,强调正在进行,“当我们正在分类垃圾的时候”,用现在进行时。 连词填空 1. that;解析:believe 后 that 引导陈述句宾语从句,that 可省略。 2. why;解析:没人知道为什么这类垃圾伤害我们的健康。 3. unless;解析:unless “除非”,除非每个人尽自己责任,否则我们不能减少污染。 4. because;解析:原因状语从句,人们扔掉很多东西,因为他们觉得没用。 5. As soon as;解析:时间状语从句,你一完成作业,就可以加入垃圾分类志愿小组。 6. if/whether;解析:wonder 后,我想知道我们小区会不会有更多回收箱。 7. While;解析:while 引导让步状语从句,尽管回收有很多好处,但仍存在局限。 8. how;解析:how 引导宾语从句,你能给我展示怎样把旧盒子变成有用物品。 9. what;解析:what 作 should do 的宾语,你知道看到被污染的河流时我们该做什么。 10. if/whether;解析:她问明年河边会不会种更多树。 句型转换 1. where we should 解析:宾语从句改为陈述语序,疑问词 where 后主语 we 在前。 2. unless; must 解析:unless=if…not,除非我们必须采取行动,否则污染会更严重。 3. because; pour 解析:because 引导原因状语从句,工厂排放废水是湖水变脏的原因。 4. that; could 解析:主句 said 为过去时,can 变为 could;that 引导宾语从句。 5. but 解析:although 和 but 不能共存,去掉 although,用 but 表转折。 改错 1. where does where the harmful waste goes;解析:宾语从句陈述语序,去掉助动词 does,谓语 go 变为 goes。 2. 删掉so;解析:because 和 so 不能同时连用,二者只能保留其一。 3. While the rubbish will arrive As soon as the rubbish arrives;解析:时间状语从句主将从现,从句不用将来时,改为一般现在时,while 不引导瞬时动作 arrive。 短文填空 1. that;解析:realize 后 that 引导宾语从句,that 可省略。 2. If;解析:条件状语从句,如果我们想要更美好的世界,我们必须改变习惯(主将从现)。 3. While/Although;解析:让步状语从句,虽然重复利用物品是好办法,但不能解决全部环境问题。 ( 1 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $