UNIT 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE 突破疑难（PPT同步课件）-【学而思】2026-2027学年高一英语必修第二册（人教版）

该高中英语单元复习课件围绕“文化遗产”主题，系统梳理高频词汇（如apply系列、balance、limit等）、核心语法（限制性定语从句、完全倒装、not only...but also...结构）及语用知识，通过词根词缀串联词汇网络，语法框架图整合关系词用法与真题应用，构建“词汇-语法-语用”三维知识体系。 其亮点在于采用“真题情境-错题归因-变式训练”复习策略，如通过表格对比likely/possible/probable的语义差异，结合2025-2026各地真题错题分析prevent短语搭配，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。分层练习设计（基础填空到综合翻译）满足个性化需求，助力学生巩固知识，教师精准把握学情提升复习效率。

UNIT 1　 CULTURAL HERITAGE 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　His application to the club for membership was rejected.他向俱乐部申请会员资格遭到了拒 绝。   ①one's/an/the application ______..._______ sth.向……申请某物 ②fill in an application (form)填写申请(表) ③accept/reject sb.'s application接受/拒绝某人的申请 高频词汇精讲 　for     　to     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①apply v.申请;应用;涂;适用;勤奋工作;努力学习 apply to...对……适用 apply to do sth.申请做某事 apply to...for...向……申请…… apply oneself to (doing) sth.专心致志于(做)某事 apply sth. to sth.将某物应用于某物;把某物涂在某物上 •All students who are willing to offer a helping hand to others can apply to join the club.所有愿意向 他人伸出援手的学生都可以申请加入这个俱乐部。   ②applicant n.申请人 ③applicable adj.适用的;合适的 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①[2025北京]Not standing a chance against competitive _____________(apply), I came out of the interview with an upset look. ②[2025天津]Science serves as a powerful tool for unlocking the mysteries of the universe, but understand- ing its limitations is essential to its effective ______________(apply). ③After living there for over twenty years, he is expected to apply _____________(become) a Chinese citi- zen. 　to become     　application     　applicants     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　She cycled round the corner, lost her balance and fell off the bike.她骑车拐弯时失去平衡,从自行 车上摔了下来。 　　On balance, children with great self-control tend to do well in school.总的来说,自制力强的孩子 往往在学校表现良好。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　You have to balance the advantages of studying abroad against its disadvantages.你得权衡一 下出国留学的优势和劣势。 　　We should balance the development of the economy with/and the protection of the environ- ment.我们应该同等重视经济发展和环境保护。      ①_________/keep one's balance失去/保持平衡 ②_______ balance总的来说 ③keep a balance between A and B 在A与B之间保持平衡  ④balance A ___________ B权衡A与B ⑤balance A _________/________ B同等重视A与B   　and     　with     　against     　on     　lose     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 balanced adj.均衡的;镇静的 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①[2026山东枣庄期中]Obviously, a _____________(balance) diet and proper exercise are both important if you want to lose weight. ②[2026江西宜春月考]Urban teens struggle with balancing tradition _____________ modernity, while those in rural areas feel left behind in a digital age they can barely access. ③_______ balance, low deposit (存款) rates will encourage people to withdraw money from their bank ac- counts and spend more. ④[2026广东佛山期中]作为高中生,我们需要在学习与课外活动之间保持良好的平衡。 As high school students, we need to ________ ______ _______ _________ __________ study ________ after-school activities. 　and     　keep 　　a 　　good 　　balance 　　between     　On     　and/with     　balanced     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　If you treat people around you sincerely, you will very likely make many close friends.如果你真 诚地对待身边的人,那么你很有可能会交到很多亲密的朋友。 　　If you are polite and respectful, you are likely to get along well with others.=If you are polite and respectful, it is likely that you will get along well with others.如果你有礼貌并且尊重他人,你很可能 会和其他人相处得很好。     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①sb./sth. be (more/less) likely __________ sth.某人/某物(更有/不太)可能做某事 ②_______ is likely that...很可能…… ③likely作副词,常与most、very连用   　It     　to do     likely 常指从表面迹象来判断有可能。主语可以是人或物,也可用it作形式主语,常用句式 “sb./sth. be likely to do sth.”和“It is likely that...” possible 可能性最小,指客观上可能,往往含有“希望很小”的意味。主语不能是人,只能用it作形式主语,常用句式“It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.”或“It is possible that...” probable 可能性最大,表示“很可能,十有八九”。不能用人或不定式作主语,常用句式“It is probable that...” 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念       unlikely adj.不大可能的 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①[2025全国二]Volunteers are also more likely __________(look) after their own health and are more fo- cused on adding physical activity into their lives. ②[2022天津]Is it possible for thoughts and behavior ______________ (originate) from somewhere other than our brain? ③[2026北京一六一中学期中]Due to John's excellent performance, _______ is likely that he will be accept- ed to Harvard University. ④通过加入俱乐部,学生们很可能会开阔视野,因为他们可以接触到大量的文学作品。(likely;一句多 译) →By joining the club, students _______ ________ _____ __________ their horizons, for they will get ac- 　are 　　likely 　　to 　　broaden     　it     　to originate     　to look     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 cess to a great many literary works. →By joining the club, ______ _____ _______ ________ students will broaden their horizons, for they will get access to a great many literary works.   　it 　　is 　　likely 　　that     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     Your speech is a little long, and you'd better limit it to five minutes.你的演讲有点长,你最好把它 限制在五分钟内。 　　It is wise to set a limit to the time that children spend in playing computer games.对孩子们玩电脑 游戏的时间设定限制是明智的。   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念    ①limit..._______...把……(在数、量上)限制在…… ②be limited to...局限于……  ③set a limit _______/on...对……设定限制 ④There is a/no limit to...……是有/无限的。 ⑤within limits在某种程度上;有一定限制   ①limited adj.有限的 ②limitless adj.无限的 ③limitation n.限制;(一般用复数)限度,局限性 a limitation on对……的限制 　to     　to     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①[2025天津3月]A ____________(limit) number of free entries are available for low-income writers. ②[2023新课标Ⅰ]Although the studies led by Navajas have _____________(limit) and many questions re- main, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. ③With his ______________(limit) imagination, he created new worlds for his readers to explore. ④人的生命是有限的,但为人民服务是无限的。(limit) ________ _____ ____ ________ _______ one's life, ______ _____ ________ _______ serving the people. 　to     　limit 　 　no 　 　but 　 　to     　limit 　 　a 　 　is 　 　There 　 　limitless     　limitations     　limited     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children. 戴维患有一种脑部疾病,这种疾病使他不能像其他孩子一样走路和跑步。 [2022新高考Ⅰ]   prevent sb. (from) __________ sth.阻止某人做某事(被动语态sb. be prevented from __________ sth.) 　doing     　doing     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   　　在主动语态中,prevent/stop sb. from doing sth.中的from可省略,意思不变,但keep sb. from doing sth. 中的from不能省略(若省略,意思就变成了“让某人一直做某事”);在被动语态中, 三个短语中的from都 不能省略。   ①prevention n.防止;预防 ②preventable adj.可以预防的;可以阻止的 ③表示“阻止某人做某事”的另外两个短语: stop sb. (from) doing sth., keep sb. from doing sth. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①[2026河南郑州期中]There have been great improvements in research on cancer ____________ (prevent) and treatment. ②[2026江苏常州期中]School uniform policies could be preventing young people _________ being active, particularly primary school-aged girls, new research suggests. ③Most of the mistakes in your test paper will be ______________ (prevent) if you are more careful next time. ④任何没有邀请函的人都将被阻止进入大楼。 Anyone who doesn't have an invitation _______ _______ _______________________ _______ _________ the building. 　entering 　from 　 　be 　　prevented/stopped/kept 　 　will 　 　preventable     　from     　prevention     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　I will also try my best to make a contribution/make contributions to society;I firmly believe that a bright future is waiting for us. 我也会尽我最大的努力为社会做出贡献;我坚信一个美好的未来正在等待 着我们。     make a contribution/make contributions _______...为……做贡献 　to     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   contribute v.捐献;贡献;捐(款);造成;投(稿) contribute...to...把……贡献给……;给……捐……;往……投稿 contribute to做出贡献;是……的原因之一,有助于 •I believe that everyone can contribute to the future of the world.我相信每个人都能为世界的未来做 出贡献。   　　在make a contribution/make contributions to和contribute to中,to均为介词,其后要跟名词、代词或动 词-ing形式。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①[2025天津]Deng Jiaxian was one of the 23 scientists who were awarded for their extraordinary ________ ___________(contribute) to China's “two bombs, one satellite” project. ②[2024北京]Slowing down can contribute significantly _______ personal growth. ③学生志愿者贡献了自己的时间来帮助养老院的老人。 The student volunteers ________________ ________ _______ _____ ____________ the old people in the nursing home. 　helping     　to 　 　time 　 　their 　 　contributed     　to     butions     　contri- 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　The famous director made an attempt at adapting the moving story for a film.这位著名的导演试 图把这个动人的故事改编成电影。 　　You should exercise regularly and have a healthy diet in an attempt to have a strong body.为了有 一个强壮的身体,你应该定期锻炼并且有一个健康的饮食。   　　One afternoon, while attempting to get into bed she collapsed from what was eventually discov- ered to be a heart attack.一天下午,当她试图上床睡觉时,她晕倒了,最终查明是心脏病发作所致。 [2021全国乙] 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念    ①attempt __________ sth.试图/尝试/努力做某事  ②make an attempt to do/_______ doing sth.试图/尝试做某事 ③_______ an attempt to do sth.为了做某事 ④at the first/second/... attempt第一次/第二次/……尝试 　in     　at     　to do     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①[2026广东深圳期中]Whiplash is a story of a young drummer who attempts ______________ (pursue) his dreams without the support of people around him. ②[2026湖南长沙期中]It's such a big issue that major supermarkets have started offering “ugly” fruit and vegetables at a discount _______ an attempt to reduce waste. ③[2024新课标Ⅰ]我们试着在公园上美术课。 We _______ _____ __________ _____ _________ our art class in the park. ④我第一次考驾驶执照就通过了。 I passed my driving test _____ ______ ________ ____________. 　attempt     　first 　 　the 　 　at 　 　have     　to 　 　attempt 　 　an 　 　made 　 　in     　to pursue     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　I think that it is worthwhile to learn/learning English, and I think it has the following advantages. 我认为学英语是值得的,我认为它有以下好处。   It's worthwhile __________/__________ sth.值得做某事。   　doing     　to do     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 worth 作形容词时意为“值……钱;值得……”,但用法同介词,后接名词、代词、数字或动词的-ing形式。常用于:①sth. be (well) worth doing某事(非常)值得被做;②It is worth doing sth.做某事是值得的 worthy 作形容词时意为“应得的,值得的”,后接of加名词或动词的-ing形式。常用于:①be worthy of sth.值得……的(常接抽象名词);②sth. be worthy of being done=sth. be worthy to be done某事值得被做 worthwhile 形容词,意为“值得做的”。常用于:It's worthwhile doing/to do sth.做某事是值得的 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①[2025浙江1月]Here are some tips worth ____________ (follow) in order to communicate more effective- ly. ②[2026河北沧州期中]Take part in class discussions if you think it is worthwhile _______________(add) something. ③向全世界的人传播中国传统文化是值得的。(一句多译) →Spreading traditional Chinese culture to people all over the world _____ _______________. (worthwhile) → _____ _____ ________ ______________ traditional Chinese culture to people all over the world.(worth) →Spreading traditional Chinese culture to people all over the world _____ _________ _____ _____ _________ _____ _____ _________ .(worthy) 　being done     of     　be done/ 　to 　 　worthy 　 　is 　 　spreading     　worth 　 　is 　 　It 　 　worthwhile     　is 　 　to add/adding     　following     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　By comparison, expenditure on education increased last year.相比之下,去年教育经费增加了。 　　My favourite season is autumn, because the weather is more agreeable in comparison to summer. 我最喜欢的季节是秋天,因为与夏天相比,秋天的天气更加宜人。     ①make/draw a comparison (between sb./sth.)比较(某人/某物之间的)相似/不同之处 ②in comparison _______/with...(=by comparison with...)和……相比 　to     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ③_______ comparison相比之下(尤用于句首)   compare v.比较;与……类似;将……比作 compare A with/and B比较A和B compare A to B把A比作B compared to/with...与……相比(常在句中作状语) 　by     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①[2025北京]Since they were young, I have told my kids not to compare themselves _____________ other people. ②[2024全国甲]My childhood is quite happy _____________(compare) with hers. ③Because of their selfless dedication, we often compare our teachers _______ candles. ④很难进行比较,因为这两本书完全不同。 It is difficult _____ ____________ ____ _______________, because these two books are completely dif- ferent. 　comparison     　a 　 　make/draw 　 　to 　 　to     　compared     　with/and     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　In contrast to his brother, Tom is rather short and fat.与他的哥哥相比,汤姆相当矮且胖。 　　She had almost failed the exam, but her younger sister, by/in contrast, had done very well.她考试 差点不及格,而相比之下她妹妹考得很好。 　　You will find it interesting to contrast British English with/and American English.你会发现 把英式英语和美式英语加以对比很有意思。   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念  ①in contrast _______与……形成对比 ②_______/_______ contrast相比之下  ③contrast A _________/________ B把A与B作对比 ④contrast sharply with...与……形成鲜明对比 　and     　with     　in     　by     　to     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①[2026浙江杭州二中期中]Writing, __________ contrast, allows for precise, complex statements that can be examined, reviewed, and developed into logical arguments. ②[2023新课标Ⅱ]在我们日益网络化的生活中,我们所消费的信息被监控和跟踪;相比之下,印刷书籍仍 然提供了一个完全私人的、“离线”的活动机会。 _____ __________ _______ our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is moni- tored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity. 　to     　contrast 　 　In 　 　by/in     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 高频词汇积累 词汇 释义 用法& 拓展 creative adj.创造性的;有创造力的;有创意的 a creative writing course一门创意写作课程[2025天津3月] creatively adv.创造性地;有创造力地 creativity n.创造力　creation n.创造　creator n.创造者 -ive表示“有……性质的;有……倾向的”。如:attractive吸引人 的;effective有效的;impressive给人印象深刻的 preserve vt.保存;保护;维持 n.保护区 preserve...from (doing) sth.保护……免于(做)某事 well-preserved adj.(物体或建筑物)保存良好的 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 promote vt.促进;提升;推销;晋级 be promoted to manager晋升为经理 promote the local culture宣传当地的文化[2024新课标Ⅱ] promotion n.晋升;提拔;晋级 take part in 参与(某事);参加 (某活动) take part参与;参加(无宾语时,不用in) take an active part in积极参加(part前有形容词时要加冠词) give way to 让步;屈服  give in (to...)(向……)屈服/让步/投降 give up放弃 give away泄露;暴露;赠送;分发 give off发出,放出(热、光、气味等) give out用完,耗尽;分发,散发;发出,放出(光、热等) 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 lead to 导致  bring about/contribute to/result in/give rise to lead v.带路,引领;通向,通往;导致;引导;过(某种生活) 　lead to sp.通往某地 　lead sb. to sp.带领某人去某地 　lead sb. to do sth.使某人做某事 　lead a(n)...life过……生活 proposal n.提议;建议 make/put forward a proposal提出建议 propose v.提议;建议;打算;计划 　propose doing sth.建议做某事 　It is proposed to do sth.有人提议做某事 　propose doing/to do sth.打算/计划做某事 　propose that sb. (should) do sth.建议某人做某事 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 protest n.抗议 vi.& vt.(公开)反对;抗议 without protest一声未吭地 protest about/against/at (doing) sth.抗议(做)某事 protester n.抗议者;反对者 turn to 向……求助 turn down调低;拒绝　turn up调高;露面;出现 turn out证明是;结果是　turn over翻转;翻身 turn on打开　turn off关闭　turn in上交 establish vt.建立;创立 establishment n.建立;确立;机构;企业  set up/found建立;创建 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 loss n.丧失;损失 a sense of loss失落感 felt at a loss感到困惑[2021全国甲] memory loss记忆力丧失[2025天津] suffer a great loss遭受巨大的损失[2025全国二] conduct n.行为;举止;管理方法 vt.组织;安排;带领 conduct auditions进行试演[2024浙江1月] conductor n.(管弦乐队、合唱队等的)指挥;(公共汽车的)售票员;(热、电的)导体 donate v.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠;赠送;献(血) donate...to...向……捐赠…… donate blood/clothes/money献血/捐衣服/捐钱 donation n.捐赠;赠送;捐赠物 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 disappear vi.消失;灭绝;消亡 disappearance n.不见;消失 the disappearance of many Arctic lakes许多北极湖泊的消失[2024天津3月]  appear v.出现;呈现 dis-表示“不,非,相反”。如:disagree不同意;disobey不服从;discourage劝阻;disadvantage劣势;dishonest不诚实的 process n.过程;进程;步骤 vt.处理;加工 in the process在这个过程中[2025全国二] process food加工食物 processor n.加工机;加工者;处理器 forgive vt.& vi.(forgave, forgiven)原谅;宽恕 vt.对不起;请原谅 forgive sb. sth.原谅某人某事 forgive and forget不念旧恶;不记仇 forgiveness n.原谅;宽恕 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 quality n.质量;品质;素质;特征 adj.优质的;高质量的 be of high/good quality质量好 quality products高质量的产品 quality time宝贵时光 [2025天津] 形近词:quantity n.数量;数额;数目 further adv.更远;进一步 adj.更多的;更进一步的;附加的 further details/information详情 further study进一步的研究[2025全国一] farther、further都是far的比较级,但farther只表示时间或空间上的 “更远”,而further既可以表示时间或空间上的“更远”,又可以 表示抽象意义上的“更远”,如:further study进修,深造 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 opinion n.意见;想法;看法 in one's opinion在某人看来 express/give/offer/voice an opinion表达主张 have a high/low/good/poor opinion of...对……评价高/低/好/差 identify vt.确认;认出;找到 identify...as...确认……为…… identification n.鉴定;确认;身份证明 identity n.身份;同一性;特征 　identity card (ID card)身份证 -(i)fy表示“使成为,使变成,使进入……状态”。如:beautify美化; simplify使简化;purify净化;classify将……分类 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　Here it comes.它来了。 　　Down came the rain.下雨了。 　　Now comes your turn.现在轮到你了。   　　表示方向、时间或地点的副词_________、up、_______、then、_______、there等位于句首,且主 语是_______时,要用完全倒装。当主语是代词时不用倒装。 　名词     　here     　now     　down     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   　　完全倒装的其他形式: 　　①将作状语的介词短语置于句首 　    •On the desk lies an apple.桌子上有一个苹果。 　　②将表语/分词置于句首,构成“表语/分词+系动词+主语”结构 　    •Present at the meeting were some experts from China and the US.一些来自中国和美国的专家 出席了会议。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①[2026广东广州月考]单靠体力就能维持生计的时代已经一去不复返了。(完全倒装) _______ ______ ______ _______ _________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. ②然后是分享一天的新知识的时刻。(完全倒装) _______ _______ ______ ___________—the time to share the day's new learning. ③良好的学习习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度同样重要。 _____ ________ _____________ ________ good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 　are     　importance 　 　equal 　 　Of 　 　moment     　the 　 　came 　 　Then 　 　when     　days 　 　the 　 　are 　 　Gone 　 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film.不仅学生们,他们的老师也在欣 赏这部影片。 　　Not only is exercise good for our bodies, but it can also boost our mood and help us deal with anxiety.运动不仅对我们的身体有好处,而且还可以改善我们的情绪,帮助我们应对焦虑。  [2024天津3月改编] 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   　　①not only...but (also)...为并列连词,用于连接两个并列的成分,当连接两个分句且not only位于句首 时, not only所在的分句要用_______语序。 　　②在“not only A but (also) B+谓语动词+其他”结构中,谓语动词的单复数由______决定,即遵循 “就近原则”。   　　连接并列主语时通常遵循“就近原则”的连词还有: neither...nor...、either...or...、not...but...等。 　B     　倒装     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①Neither Tom nor I _______(be) interested in playing badminton. ②[2025浙江1月改编]这个平台不仅是为专业厨师保留的,也是为那些愿意发现新体验的人准备的。 (倒装句) ______ _______ _____ _______ ___________ _____________for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences. ③[2026山东日照期中联考]这次比赛不仅提高了我的英语水平,也开阔了我的视野。 ______ _______ ________ the contest improve my English, but it also ____________ _____ __________. 　horizons 　my 　 　broadened 　 　did     　only 　 　Not 　 　reserved     　platform 　 　this 　 　is 　 　only 　 　Not 　 　am     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 译文:新旧更替的时代已经到来,在走向未来的过程中,我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 译文:在倾听了研究该问题的科学家和居住在水坝附近的居民的意见后,(埃及)政府于1959年向联合国 寻求帮助。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 译文:这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路, 而且明白了多个国家合作创造 美好未来的可能性。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 译文:最好的例子或许就是联合国教科文组织,该组织有一项防止全球各地的世界文化遗址消失的计 划。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 ①完全倒装　②定语　③时间状语　④状语　⑤定语　⑥定语　⑦定语　⑧宾语　⑨非限制性定语 ⑩定语 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 限制性定语从句(Ⅲ)     　　This is the computer (that/which) he bought for his son yesterday.这是他昨天为他儿子买的那台 电脑。 　　The man whose proposal was praised by the committee is my former classmate.提议受到委员会 表扬的那个人是我以前的同班同学。 The woman who/that protested against the decision at the meeting is Amy's manager.在会上公开反对 该决定的那位女士是Amy的经理。 　　This is the same pen as I bought yesterday.这支笔和我昨天买的笔一样。(同样的但不是同一 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 支) 　　That was a time when the two countries were at war.那是两国交战的时期。 　　This is the farm where we worked when we were young.这就是我们年轻时干活的农场。 　　This is the reason why he has been promoted to head of this department.这就是他被提升为这个 部门的负责人的原因。   (1)限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,用于修饰和限定先行词,如果去掉,主句的意思 就不完整,这种从句和主句的关系十分密切,两者之间不用逗号分开。 (2)引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有who、whom、①__________、that、which、②_______,关系副词 有where、when、③________。 　why     　as     　whose     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 关系词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 which 物或事 主语、宾语 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 as 人、物或事 主语、宾语 whose 人或物 定语 when 时间名词 时间状语 where 地点名词 地点状语 why 原因名词(reason) 原因状语 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   1.在限制性定语从句中,关系代词指物时宜用that不宜用which的情况   　　All that can be done has been done.所有能做的都已经做了。 　　Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said?李先生讲的所有东西你都记下来了吗?   　　先行词为all、everything、little、few、none、nothing、anything、much等④____________时。   　　When people talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes to mind is the West Lake.谈到杭州,人们 首先想到的就是西湖。 　不定代词     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   　　先行词是⑤___________或被其修饰时。   　　This is the most delicious food that I have ever had.这是我吃过的最美味的食物。   　　先行词被形容词的⑥___________修饰时。   This is the very document that Mother has been looking for.这就是妈妈一直在找的那份文件。 　　The only thing that she could do was go to the police station for help.她唯一能做的事就是去警 察局求助。   　最高级     　序数词     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　先行词被all、every、no、⑦__________、⑧_____________等修饰时。   　　Can you tell me the people and events that you saw in Britain?你能告诉我你在英国见到的人和 事吗?   　　当先行词既有人又有物时。   　　Which is the dam that the famous company designed and built?这家著名的公司设计和建造的水 坝是哪座?   　　主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。 　the very     　the only     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 2.当先行词是表示时间的time、day等或表示地点的place、house等时,一定要注意分析从句的结构,弄 清关系词在从句中所作的成分   　　This is the room where Lau Shaw once lived.这是老舍曾经居住的房间。 　　I still remember the day (that/which) we spent together in the city.我仍然记得我们在那个城市一 起度过的那一天。   　　分析从句的结构,如果缺少主语或宾语,关系词应用that或⑨__________(作宾语时可省略),缺少时间 状语或地点状语时,才能用when或⑩__________。 3.“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句   　where     　which     　　We are looking for the person to whom the book belongs.我们正在寻找这本书的主人。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?你还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天 吗?   　　“介词+关系代词”结构中的关系代词通常用whom或which,不用who或that。如果先行词指 “ ______”, 用“介词+whom”;如果先行词指“ ______”,用“介词+which”。 4.“介词+关系代词”结构中的介词的确定   　　This is the house in which I lived two years ago.这是我两年前住过的房子。   　　根据介词与先行词搭配的具体意义来确定。 　物     　人     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   　　Trading in leather shoes is the career in which the Greens are interested.做皮鞋生意是格林一家 感兴趣的事业。 　　In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上, 没有一个她可以求助的人。   　　根据定语从句中介词与 _______或 ___________的固定搭配来确定。   　　在定语从句中,有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用,如look after、look for、listen to、pay at- tention to、take care of等不能把介词移至which或whom之前。 　　The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.护士们照顾的那些婴儿很健 　形容词     　动词     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 康。(✕) 　　The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.护士们照顾的那些婴儿很健 康。(√)   　　The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.这种无色的、没有它我们就无 法生存的气体被称为氧气。   　　根据句子表达的意思来确定。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①[2025全国一]Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence _____________ could be interpreted as a thesis(论点) statement. ②[2024全国甲]Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists _________ works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors,1880-1990:Into the Light. ③[2024新课标Ⅰ]This makes sense because the people __________ get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. ④[2023全国甲]It's the only Thai restaurant _________ ranks among the top 10 of the world's 50 best restau- rants list. ⑤[2023全国乙]But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place _____________ welcomes the fast- 　that/which     　that     　who/that     　whose     　that/which     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 paced development of modern life. ⑥[2023天津3月]Kenny still remembers the class discussion __________ the teacher asked students to share what they wanted to be when they grew up. ⑦[2022新高考Ⅰ]Some of our memories are funny, especially from the early years _________ our children were little. ⑧[2021全国甲]The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall _______ has survived China's long his- tory. ⑨[2021新高考Ⅰ]This was the sort of work ____________ made you appreciate the dollars you earned and respect those ________ did the work, he told me. ⑩Look! He is wearing the same hat _______ I'm wearing now.  Tom brings the result _________ which his father will be satisfied. 　with     　as     　who     　that/which     　that     　when     　where     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念  The prize will go to the writer __________ story has the best ending.  The computer ________ which I paid 4,000 yuan is made in that company.  English is a “fixed word order” language __________ each phrase has a fixed position.  The writer and his book _________ they have just talked about are really well known.  [2026湖南长沙市长郡中学月考]One of the reasons ________ people fail to get a good night's sleep is pressure from school or work.  [2026江苏徐州一中期中]I shall never forget those days _________ I lived in the army with the soldiers, which has a great effect on my life.  This is called “herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those ________ can't be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on _______ the vaccine doesn't work. 　whom     　who 　when     　why     　that     　where     　for     　whose     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 $