内容正文:
导学案
Unit 1 The Changing World — Grammar Focus (4a—4c)
班级:________ 姓名:________ 学号:________
一、学习目标
1. 能识别并归纳used to + 动词原形和现在完成时(have/has + 过去分词)的结构、含义及标志词。
2. 能区分一般过去时、used to和现在完成时的用法差异,在语境中正确选用时态。
3. 能运用本课语法知识描述家乡或生活的变化,表达对家乡发展的自豪感。
二、课前预习
Task 1: 温故知新
写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词:
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
be
______
______
build
______
______
become
______
______
come
______
______
go
______
______
see
______
______
make
______
______
take
______
______
open
______
______
visit
______
______
Task 2: 预习4a
阅读课本4a的六个句子,圈出动词并判断时态:
1. He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago.
动词:__________ 时态:__________
2. They haven't seen each other for ages!
动词:__________ 时态:__________
3. We used to have to travel far to see a doctor.
动词:__________ 时态:__________
4. Our village has just built a new hospital.
动词:__________ 时态:__________
5. Many people used to work in big cities.
动词:__________ 时态:__________
6. Now, more of them have come back to live and work here.
动词:__________ 时态:__________
三、课堂探究
探究任务一:找标志词
阅读4a的句子,圈出时间标志词,填写下表:
时态/结构
句子中的标志词
更多你知道的标志词
一般过去时
现在完成时
used to
探究任务二:想含义
小组讨论:这三种时态/结构在含义上有什么不同?
• 一般过去时告诉我们:________________________________________
• used to告诉我们:________________________________________
• 现在完成时告诉我们:________________________________________
探究任务三:分分类
根据含义,把4a的六个句子分成三类(填序号):
• 只谈过去(与现在无关):__________
• 今昔对比(过去vs现在):__________
• 连接过去与现在(影响现在/持续到现在):__________
探究任务四:时态对比
完成下列对比表格:
对比维度
一般过去时
used to
现在完成时
结构
标志词
含义
与现在关系
探究任务五:易混结构辨析
连线匹配:
used to do 被用来做……(被动语态)
be used to doing 过去常常做……(现在不做了)
be used to do 习惯于做……
四、课堂练习
练习一:4b 对话填空
用括号内动词的正确形式填空:
A: ______ you ______ (be) to the new library yet?
B: No, I ______ (not know) there was a new library. When did it ______ (open)?
A: It ______ (open) last Friday. I ______ (go) there with my grandpa on Saturday night.
B: ______ you ______ (like) it?
A: Of course! It's the most high-tech library I ______ ever ______ (visit).
B: Oh, what ______ you ______ (see) there?
A: ... I also ______ (read) some digital books. My grandpa ______ (listen) to audio books...
B: Cool! I ______ (bring) my little brother there tomorrow.
练习二:4c 短文填空
用括号内动词的正确形式填空:
In the past, it ______ (be) difficult to travel in Guizhou. In many places, there used to ______ (be) no bridges... and most roads were just dirt tracks. This ______ (make) it difficult for locals to bring products to the market.
Now great changes ______ (take) place. The government ______ (build) thousands of kilometres of highways, railways, and wide roads. It has also built many high bridges. A journey that used to ______ (take) a day now takes only a few hours. As a result, the lives of local people ______ (improve). They are much richer and happier than they once ______ (be).
练习三:语法选择
选择最佳答案:
1. My grandfather ______ drink coffee every morning, but now he prefers tea.
A. used to B. is used to C. gets used to
2. My hometown ______ a lot in the past ten years.
A. changed B. has changed C. changes
3. — Tina, when did you come here? — Many years ago. I ______ here since I was five.
A. have gone B. have been C. was
4. — ______ you ever ______ to the Great Wall? — Yes, I went there last summer.
A. Did; go B. Have; been C. Have; gone
5. He used to play football after school. (改为一般疑问句)
______ he ______ to play football after school?
五、课后作业
【必做】
1. 订正导学案中的所有错误。
2. 用used to写3个句子,用现在完成时写3个句子,描述家乡变化。
【选做】
3. 画一张"过去vs现在"的对比图,配3-5句英文说明。
4. 采访一位家人的童年经历,写一篇约60词的短文。
参考答案
二、课前预习
Task 1: 温故知新
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
be
was/were
been
build
built
built
become
became
become
come
came
come
go
went
gone
see
saw
seen
make
made
made
take
took
taken
open
opened
opened
visit
visited
visited
Task 2: 预习4a
1. became — 一般过去时
2. haven't seen — 现在完成时
3. used to have — used to结构
4. has built — 现在完成时
5. used to work — used to结构
6. have come back — 现在完成时
三、课堂探究
探究任务一:找标志词
时态/结构
句子中的标志词
更多你知道的标志词
一般过去时
about 20 years ago
yesterday, last..., in 2020, ...ago
现在完成时
for ages, just, ever
already, yet, since, recently
used to
(常与but now对比)
used to + 动词原形
探究任务二:想含义
• 一般过去时:过去发生的具体事件,已结束,与现在无关。
• used to:过去的习惯/状态,现在已经改变了,强调今昔对比。
• 现在完成时:过去的动作对现在有影响,或从过去持续到现在。
探究任务三:分分类
• 只谈过去:1
• 今昔对比:3、5
• 连接过去与现在:2、4、6
探究任务四:时态对比
对比维度
一般过去时
used to
现在完成时
结构
主语+动词过去式
主语+used to+动词原形
主语+have/has+过去分词
标志词
yesterday, ...ago, last...
(常与but now对比)
already, yet, just, for, since
含义
过去具体事件(已结束)
过去习惯/状态(现已改变)
过去动作影响现在/持续到现在
与现在关系
无关 ✗
对比
有关 ✓
探究任务五:易混结构辨析
used to do — 过去常常做……(现在不做了)
be used to doing — 习惯于做……
be used to do — 被用来做……(被动语态)
四、课堂练习
练习一:4b 对话填空
1. Have; been(现在完成时)
2. didn't know; open(一般过去时)
3. opened; went(一般过去时)
4. Do; like(一般现在时)
5. have; visited(现在完成时)
6. did; see(一般过去时)
7. read; listened(一般过去时)
8. will bring(一般将来时)
练习二:4c 短文填空
1. was(一般过去时) 2. be(used to+原形) 3. made(一般过去时) 4. have taken(现在完成时)
5. has built(现在完成时) 6. take(used to+原形) 7. have improved(现在完成时) 8. were(一般过去时)
练习三:语法选择
1. A(used to do 过去常常)
2. B(现在完成时,in the past ten years是标志词)
3. B(have been since 持续到现在)
4. B(Have you ever been 你曾经去过……吗)
5. Did; use(used to的一般疑问句)
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