专题02 Unit 2 Let's talk teens（单元语法：简单句，并列句和主从复合句基础题型100题）（江苏专用）高一英语译林版必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦简单句、并列句、主从复合句语法专项，以“概念定义-连接词分类-句型转换”构建系统性训练体系，通过100题多题型联动提升句子结构分析与应用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础知识|3类句子定义+连接词示例|通过“主谓结构数量”区分简单句，“并列连词功能”（and/or/but）界定并列句，“从句类型”（主从/宾从等）识别复合句|从基础句型到复合结构，由简入繁构建句子类型认知框架| |基础题型专练|判断/选择/翻译/句子转换（共100题）|句子类型判断“三步骤”（找主谓→看连接词→辨从句），简单句与复合句转换技巧（拆分/合并）|题型覆盖识别、应用、转换全维度，强化知识迁移能力|

专题02 Unit 2 Let’s talk teens (单元语法 简单句，并列句，主从复合句基础题型100题) 01 基础知识 02 高考模拟演练 03 基础题型专练 (1)简单句：只有一个主谓结构的独立分句叫简单句。如Henry bought a dictionary. (2)并列句：并列复合句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常由并列连接词连在一起；但有时不用连接词，只在两个简单句之间用逗号或分号。 a. 表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only...but also..., neither...nor..., then 等连接。 The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John. b. 表示选择，常用的连词有or, either...or..., otherwise等。 Hurry up, or you'll miss the train. c. 表示转折，常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。 He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. d. 表示因果关系，常用的连词有so, for, therefore等。 August is the time of the year for rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. (3)主从复合句：主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体，从句只用作句子的一个次要成分，不能独立成为一个句子。从句通常由关联词引导，并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。从句按其在复合句中的作用，分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句等。 I hope that high school will be more exciting. Suppose they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help? Why he is often absent from class is a mystery. My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning. They have reached the point where they have to separate from each other. The suggestion that the new rule should be adopted came from the chairman. 判断下列句子的句子类型并进行分类哪些是简单句，哪些是并列句，哪些是复合句。 1. We know that being a teenager is sometimes difficult. 2. So, we have designed TeenHealthWeb to help you along the journey to adulthood. 3. Our website has many articles about teenagers’ physical and mental health. 4. You can look through these articles to find advice on your problem. 5. It may not have been addressed before, but don’t worry. 6. You can visit the “teen health” forum on our website instead. 7. We are proud to say this forum is the heart of our website. 8. Users are encouraged to post their problems, and they will get advice from our health experts and other forum users. 简单句：_________________ 并列句：_________________ 复合句：_________________ 单项选择 1. Scientists developed a new method based on this theory to solve the long-standing problem.判断句子类型 A. 并列句 B. 简单句 C. 复合句 D. 并列主从复合句 2. The farm which I visited last year is a nice place. A. 简单句 B. 并列复合句 C. 主从复合句 3. Lose one hour in the morning and you will be looking for it for the rest of the day. A. 简单句 B. 并列复合句 C. 主从复合句 4. She heard the exciting news. A. 简单句 B. 并列复合句 C. 主从复合句 判断下列句子是简单句，并列句还是复合句。 1. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. ___________ 2. But he employs more men for the harvest. ___________ 3. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. ___________ 4. It doesn’t often rain in the summer here. ___________ 5. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. ___________ 6. Every evening we pump water from a well. ___________ 7. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden. ___________ 8. This is where we met for the first time. ___________ 9. You’d better take an umbrella，for it is going to rain. ___________ 10. We found the classroom full of cheerful students and teachers. ___________ 11. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. ___________ 12. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. ___________ 13. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. ___________ 14. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. ___________ 15. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. ___________ 16. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it? ___________ 17. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. ___________ 18. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. ___________ 19. The workers were not better organized, otherwise they would have accomplished the task in half the time. ___________ 20. The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class. ___________ 21. Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially designed to help them succeed academically and personally. ___________ 22. Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't make out what he was saying. ___________ 23. We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways. ___________ 24. I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it. ___________ 25. A city is the product of the human hand and mind, reflecting man's intelligence and creativity. ___________ 26. Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done something very clever. __________ 27. To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off whoever we are to shake hands with. ___________ 28. One reason for her preference for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. _________ 29. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. ________ 30. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. ________ 31. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there? ________ 32. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening. ________ 33. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. ________ 34. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. ________ 35. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. ________ 36. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it? ________ 37. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. ________ 38. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. ________ 翻译 1. 他的目光落在那件温暖的外套上。(简单句) ________________________________________________________________ 2. 我建议你详细介绍一下西方绘画的发展。 (1)________________________________________________________________(简单句) (2)________________________________________________________________(宾语从句) 3. 在接下来的三天里，你可以在当地导游的陪同下，探索雨林，欣赏雨林特有的动植物。 (简单句; spend some time doing sth. ) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Realme, a leading smartphone brand, unveiled its latest 5G smartphone in China on Monday, as part of its efforts to popularize 5G handsets amid mounting competition. 翻译：___________________________________ 剖析：本句的主句部分为：__________________________为简单句的主谓宾结构。 本句的枝叶1：__________________________,为主语Realme的同位语。 本句的枝叶2：__________________________为介词短语作状语。 5. 老师再一次伸出一根手指按到嘴上，要求安静下来。 ________________________________ to ask for silence. (简单句) 6. 她笑着朝詹妮眨了眨眼：“詹妮，你画得真好，我相信终有一天你会成为一名著名的画家。我真为你骄傲。” ______________, “Jenny, you paint really well. I’m sure you will be a famous painter one day. I’m so proud of you.” (简单句) 7. 她一张口说话，泪水再次夺眶而出。 _______________ as she started to speak. (简单句) 8. 我恼怒地说：“伤心地哭也没用，你不能取笑我。” I said in an annoyed voice, “________________. You couldn’t make fun of me.”(简单句) 9. 他微笑着伸出/张开双臂。 ________________, smiling.(简单句) 10. 多亏了这次比赛和我朋友的帮助，我现在在舞台上感觉很放松，说话时也很自信。(简单句之主系表结构) ________________the contest and the help of my friend, I now________________ . 11. 男人向出口冲去，惊恐地逃走了。 ________________ and escaped in great panic. (简单句) 12. 我建议您给我们详细介绍一下西方绘画的发展。 →I recommend you ________________________ the development of Western painting. (简单句) →I recommend you ________________________ the development of Western painting. (宾语从句) 13. 当詹妮想象着自己成为一名画家时，她的脸上容光焕发，嘴角露出微笑。 When she pictured herself becoming a painter, ________________________. (简单句) 完成句子 1. How can we improve our English quickly? It is a question. (将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句) ______________________________________________ 2. Who won the game? It is not important. (将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句) ______________________________________________ 3. He will come to the party. It is uncertain.(将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句) ______________________________________________ 4. We should take measures to protect the environment. It is necessary. (将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句) ______________________________________________ 5. She said something at the meeting. It surprised all of us. (将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句) ______________________________________________ 6. The old lady lost all her houses. We helped her yesterday. (合并简单句为定语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________ 7. All supplies are ready. We need them for homeless villagers. (合并简单句为定语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________ 8. The reporter’s camera was broken. His report covered the earthquake. (合并简单句为定语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________ 9. It is reported that another new airport will be built in the city. (改写为简单句或其他句式) ________________________________________________________________ 10. The bike which I bought last week was stolen. (把定语从句改写成简单句) ________________________________________________________________ 11. The boy whose parents are both teachers studies very hard. (把定语从句改写成简单句) ________________________________________________________________ 12. The tree that stands near the river is very tall. (把定语从句改写成简单句) ________________________________________________________________ 13. This is the school where I studied for three years. (把定语从句改写成简单句) ________________________________________________________________ 14. The relief bags contain food and water. We send them to damaged towns. (合并简单句为定语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________ 15. This is the only shelter. It can hold hundreds of disaster victims. (合并简单句为定语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________ 16. 简单句变复合句 原句: Surrounding the hill are a greenway and a bike lane, measuring about ten kilometers in length. 拓展句: Surrounding the hill are a greenway and a bike lane, ________________ about ten kilometers in length. 17. 简单句变复合句 原句: “Low-carbon lifestyle” is a concept aiming to lower the carbon dioxide emission in living as much as possible. 拓展句: “Low-carbon lifestyle” is a concept_________________. 18. 简单句变复合句 原句：In order to raise the risk awareness of natural disasters, our school organized students to visit the Natural Disaster Museum last Friday. 拓展句：________________________________________________________________________ 19. 简单句变复合句 原句：Apart from the Chinese culture, there are many places of interest in Beijing and you will find it worthwhile to visit them, such as the Palace Museum, the Summer Palace and the Great Wall. 拓展句：________________________________________________________ 20. I also attended some lectures about debate online. I want to improve my skills. (合并为一个含有不定式作目的状语的简单句) _______________________________________________________________________ 21. The taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly. (拆分成简单句) 22. He said a lot at the meeting. His words were very attractive.(把两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句) →______________________________________________________________________________ 23. It was expected that the house would be completely transformed by then.(改为简单句) The house was expected ________ _________ completely _________________ by then. 24. The girl who is waiting to see the famous actor is one of my classmates. (改为简单句) 25. Charlie is so young that he can’t take the underground alone. (改为简单句) Charlie is_______ _______to take the underground alone. 26. I don’t know how I can get the stamp.(改为简单句) I don’t know _______ _______ _______  the stamp. 27. A: The children were worn out. B: All of the children had played the whole day long. (将两个简单句合并为复合句) _______________________________________________________________________ 28. The weather is so fine that we all want to go out for a walk.(改为简单句) →It is ________ fine weather that we all want to go out for a walk. 29. The movie was very interesting. We watched it last night. (将两个简单句合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句) → The movie ________ we watched last night was very interesting. 30. The man called the police. His car was stolen. (将两个简单句合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句) → The man ________ car was stolen called the police. 31. I feel honored to deliver a speech here sharing my dream job with you. (简单句变复合句) →_______________________________________________________________________ 阅读短文，写出画线句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句 ___1___ My parents love me very much. However, they like making almost all decisions for me. ___2___ They choose schools and subjects for me, and sometimes even the daily timetables have to be decided by them. In my opinion, deciding everything for children does not help them but harm them in many ways. Firstly, ___3___ it will make children less confident, which is useless to their development. Secondly, ___4___ in many cases parents don't care about children's personal ideas and interests, which will influence their growth greatly. As a result, a lot of children are complaining! I do believe to grow to be independent is a natural way for everybody. Parents should give us chances to make our decisions. They may help us make choices instead of replacing us to make choices. After all, ___5___ there are a lot of things for us to explore by ourselves. How to keep healthy What is the most important thing in the world? ①I think it is health. ②You can take away our money, house, car, or even our clothes and we can survive. ③But if our health were taken away, we would surely die. ④That is why we always try to eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly. ⑤In order to eat healthily, I usually avoid eating food high in fat, like French fries or cookies. ⑥I eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruit, for they are full of vitamins. ⑦Taking exercise every day helps us build a strong body. What’s more, I think friends are an important part of one’s health. Many studies show that people with a wide range of social contacts get sick less than those who don’t. ⑧I always feel better when I am with friends than when I am alone. When I am with my friends, I always laugh. Laughing is also an important part of health. ⑨By eating properly and exercising regularly, I can keep my body at a proper weight. By spending time with my friends, I can keep my mind as well as my body happy. ⑩These things sound easy to do, but not many people can manage them. I think a strong will is necessary if we want to keep healthy. 1. 简单句：____________________ 2. 并列复合句：____________________ 3. 主从复合句：____________________ ( 3 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Unit 2 Let’s talk teens (单元语法 简单句，并列句，主从复合句基础题型100题) 01 基础知识 02 高考模拟演练 03 基础题型专练 (1)简单句：只有一个主谓结构的独立分句叫简单句。如Henry bought a dictionary. (2)并列句：并列复合句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常由并列连接词连在一起；但有时不用连接词，只在两个简单句之间用逗号或分号。 a. 表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only...but also..., neither...nor..., then 等连接。 The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John. b. 表示选择，常用的连词有or, either...or..., otherwise等。 Hurry up, or you'll miss the train. c. 表示转折，常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。 He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. d. 表示因果关系，常用的连词有so, for, therefore等。 August is the time of the year for rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. (3)主从复合句：主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体，从句只用作句子的一个次要成分，不能独立成为一个句子。从句通常由关联词引导，并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。从句按其在复合句中的作用，分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句等。 I hope that high school will be more exciting. Suppose they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help? Why he is often absent from class is a mystery. My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning. They have reached the point where they have to separate from each other. The suggestion that the new rule should be adopted came from the chairman. 判断下列句子的句子类型并进行分类哪些是简单句，哪些是并列句，哪些是复合句。 1. We know that being a teenager is sometimes difficult. 2. So, we have designed TeenHealthWeb to help you along the journey to adulthood. 3. Our website has many articles about teenagers’ physical and mental health. 4. You can look through these articles to find advice on your problem. 5. It may not have been addressed before, but don’t worry. 6. You can visit the “teen health” forum on our website instead. 7. We are proud to say this forum is the heart of our website. 8. Users are encouraged to post their problems, and they will get advice from our health experts and other forum users. 简单句：_________________ 并列句：_________________ 复合句：_________________ 【答案】简单句: 2、3、4、6 并列句: 5、8 复合句: 1、7 【详解】考查简单句。简单句分别是2、3、4、6。句意：2. 因此，我们设计了TeenHealthWeb，以帮助您顺利迈向成年。主语为we，谓语为have designed，TeenHealthWeb作宾语；to help you along the journey to adulthood为不定式作目的状语。句意：3. 我们的网站有许多关于青少年身心健康的文章。主语为Our website；has为谓语；many articles为宾语；about teenagers’ physical and mental health为about 介词短语作后置定语。 句意：4. 你可以浏览这些文章，以获取有关你问题的建议。主语为You；can look through作谓语；these articles作宾语；to find advice on your problem为不定式作目的状语。句意：6. 你反而可以访问我们网站上的“青少年健康”论坛。主语为You；can visit作谓语；the “teen health” forum作宾语；on our website instead作状语。 考查并列句。并列句有5和8。句意：5.也许你的问题此前还未得到解决，但别担心。此处并列连词but连接两个独立分句：It may not have been addressed before和don’t worry。句意：8.平台鼓励用户发布自身困惑，大家还能收获健康专家与论坛其他用户给出的建议。并列连词and连接两套独立完整分句：Users are encouraged to post their problems和they will get advice from our health experts and other forum users。 考查复合句。复合句为1和7。句意：我们知道，青少年时期有时确实很难。主句We know；that引导宾语从句作know的宾语，存在主从两套主谓。句意：我们自豪地宣布，本论坛是我们网站的核心。主句We are proud to say；省略引导词that，后面this forum is the heart of our website为宾语从句，存在主从结构。 单项选择 1. Scientists developed a new method based on this theory to solve the long-standing problem.判断句子类型 A. 并列句 B. 简单句 C. 复合句 D. 并列主从复合句 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子类型。句意：科学家们基于这一理论开发了一种新方法来解决这个长期存在的问题。该句包含一个主语“Scientists”、一个谓语“developed”，以及宾语“a new method”，后续“based on this theory”是过去分词短语作定语，“to solve the long-standing problem”是不定式作目的状语，整个句子仅包含一套主谓结构，没有出现并列连词连接两个或多个分句，也没有包含从句，所以，该句为简单句。故选B项。 2. The farm which I visited last year is a nice place. A. 简单句 B. 并列复合句 C. 主从复合句 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我去年参观过的那个农场是个好地方。分析句子结构可知，本句主句为The farm is a nice place，为主系表结构，主语The farm、系动词is、表语a nice place；which I visited last year为定语从句，修饰先行词The farm，综上所述，这是一个主从复合句。故选C项。 3. Lose one hour in the morning and you will be looking for it for the rest of the day. A. 简单句 B. 并列复合句 C. 主从复合句 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：在早上浪费一个小时，你就会在这一天的其余时间里寻找它。分析句子可知，该句由并列连词“and”连接两个独立的简单句(“Lose one hour in the morning”和“you will be looking for it for the rest of the day”)，两个分句在语法上地位平等，无主从关系，符合并列复合句的定义。这是典型的“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”结构，表示条件与结果的逻辑关系。故选B项。 4. She heard the exciting news. A. 简单句 B. 并列复合句 C. 主从复合句 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：她听到了这个激动人心的消息。该句中She“她”是主语；heard“听到”是谓语；the exciting news“这个激动人心的消息”是宾语，整个句子只有一个主谓结构，所以是简单句。故选A。 判断下列句子是简单句，并列句还是复合句。 1. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. ___________ 2. But he employs more men for the harvest. ___________ 3. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. ___________ 4. It doesn’t often rain in the summer here. ___________ 5. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. ___________ 6. Every evening we pump water from a well. ___________ 7. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden. ___________ 8. This is where we met for the first time. ___________ 9. You’d better take an umbrella，for it is going to rain. ___________ 10. We found the classroom full of cheerful students and teachers. ___________ 11. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. ___________ 12. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. ___________ 13. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. ___________ 14. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. ___________ 15. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. ___________ 16. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it? ___________ 17. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. ___________ 18. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. ___________ 19. The workers were not better organized, otherwise they would have accomplished the task in half the time. ___________ 20. The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class. ___________ 21. Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially designed to help them succeed academically and personally. ___________ 22. Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't make out what he was saying. ___________ 23. We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways. ___________ 24. I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it. ___________ 25. A city is the product of the human hand and mind, reflecting man's intelligence and creativity. ___________ 26. Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done something very clever. __________ 27. To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off whoever we are to shake hands with. ___________ 28. One reason for her preference for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. _________ 29. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. ________ 30. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. ________ 31. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there? ________ 32. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening. ________ 33. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. ________ 34. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. ________ 35. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. ________ 36. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it? ________ 37. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. ________ 38. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. ________ 【答案】 1. 复合句 2. 简单句 3. 简单句 4. 简单句 5. 简单句 6. 简单句 7. 简单句 8. 复合句 9. 并列句 10. 简单句 11. 简单句 12. 复合句 13. 并列句 14. 复合句 15. 并列句 16. 复合句 17. 简单句 18. 简单句 19. 并列句 20. 复合句 21. 简单句 22. 复合句 23. 复合句 24. 并列句 25. 复合句 26. 复合句 27. 复合句 28. 复合句 29. 简单句 30. 主从复合句 31. 简单句 32. 简单句 33. 并列句 34. 主从复合句 35. 并列句 36. 主从复合句 37. 简单句 38. 简单句 【详解】 1. 考查句子结构。句意：虽然农场很大，但我爸爸只有两个人为他工作。本句中Although引导的让步状语从句，所以是复合句，故填复合句。 2. 考查句子结构。句意： 但他雇佣了更多的人来收割。But he employs more men for the harvest，he为主语，employs为谓语，more men为宾语，所以本句结构是主谓宾，故填简单句。 3. 考查句子结构。句意：我哥哥照料菜园。  My brother takes care of the vegetable garden，My brother为主语，takes care of为谓语，the vegetable garden为宾语，所以本句结构是主谓宾，故填简单句。 4. 考查句子结构。句意：这里夏天不常下雨。It doesn’t often rain in the summer here，It为主语，doesn’t rain为谓语所以本句结构是主谓，故填简单句。 5. 考查句子结构。句意：因此，我们不得不给菜园浇水。As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden，we 为主语，have to water为谓语， the vegetable garden为宾语，所以本句结构是主谓宾，故填简单句。 6. 考查句子结构。句意： 每天晚上我们从井里抽水。故填简单句。Every evening we pump water from a well，we 为主语，pump为谓语， water为宾语，所以本句结构是主谓宾，故填简单句。 7. 考查句子结构。句意：然后沿着通道流向花园的不同部分。故填简单句。It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden，It为主语，runs to为谓语， different parts of the garden为宾语，所以本句结构是主谓宾，故填简单句。 8. 考查句子结构。句意：  这是我们第一次见面的地方。This is where we met for the first time，本句中where连接表语从句，在从句中做地点状语，所以是复合句，故填复合句。 9. 考查句子结构。句意：你最好带把伞，因为天要下雨了。You’d better take an umbrella, for it is going to rain，本句中for前后两句为并列句，表原因，所以是并列句，故填并列句。 10. 考查句子结构。句意：我们发现教室里坐满了兴高采烈的学生和老师。故填简单句。We found the classroom full of cheerful students and teachers，we 为主语，found为谓语， the classroom为宾语，full of cheerful students and teachers为宾补，所以本句结构是主谓宾补，故填简单句。 11. 考查句子种类。句意：我们经常在星期五下午学习中国历史。分析句子结构可知，句中只有一套主谓，这是一个主谓宾状的简单句。故答案为：简单句。 12. 考查句子种类。句意：给我让座的那个男孩叫汤姆。分析句子结构可知，句中含有一个由who引导的定语从句修饰前面的名词boy，这是一个主从复合句。故答案为：主从复合句。 13. 考查句子种类。句意：他在一班，我在二班。分析句子结构可知，并列连词and连接了两个简单句，故这是一个并列句。故答案为：并列句。 14. 考查句子种类。句意：他还是个孩子的时候就喜欢画画。分析句子结构可知，句中存在一个when引导的时间状语从句，故这是一个主从复合句。故答案为：主从复合句。 15. 考查句子种类。句意：他既没有改变主意，也不会改变主意。分析句子结构可知，这是一个由并列连词neither…nor…连接的并列句。故答案为：并列句。 16. 考查句子种类。句意：他在会上说的话很重要，是吗？分析句子结构可知，句中存在一个what引导的主语从句，故这是一个主从复合句。故答案为：主从复合句。 17. 考查句子种类。句意：农夫正在教男孩如何种树。分析句子结构可知，句中只有一套主谓结构，连词how后接不定式作句子的直接宾语，故这是个主谓双宾语的简单句。故答案为：简单句。 18. 考查句子种类。句意：汤姆和杰克都喜欢乡村音乐。分析句子结构可知，both…and…在句中连接了两个并列主语，其谓语只有一个，故这是一个主谓宾的简单句。故答案为：简单句。 19. 考查句子结构。句意：工人们组织得不好，否则他们会在一半的时间内完成任务。otherwise可以作连接副词，连接两个并列的分句，用法上相当于“or”。故本句为并列句。故选A。 20. 考查句子结构。句意：教授警告学生们在课堂上绝对不能使用手机。本句含有that引导的宾语从句，故本句为主从复合句。故选C。 21. 考查句子结构。句意：大多数大学现在为一年级学生提供一门专门设计的课程，以帮助他们在学业和个人方面取得成功。本句主语为Most colleges；offer是谓语；first-year students是间接宾语，a course是直接宾语；specially designed to help them succeed academically and personally是后置定语。故本句为简单句。故选B。 22. 考查句子结构。句意：凯特听到一个男人的声音，但她听不清他在说什么。本句中but连接连个句子，且第二个句子中含有what引导的宾语从句。故本句为并列主从复合句。故选D。 23. 考查句子结构。句意：我们可以观察到，人工智能已经在许多方面对我们的生活产生了影响。本句含有that引导的宾语从句，故本句为主从复合句。故选C。 24. 考查句子结构。句意：我本想送彼得一份礼物来祝贺他的婚姻，但我办不到。本句中but连接连个简单句，故本句为并列句。故选A。 25. 考查句子结构。句意：城市是人类手和心灵的产物，反映了人类的智慧和创造力。本句主语为A city；is是系动词；the product of the human hand and mind是表语；reflecting man's intelligence and creativity是现在分词。故本句为简单句。故选B。 26. 考查句子结构。句意：杰克什么也没说，但老师对他笑了笑，好像他做了一件非常聪明的事。本句中but连接连个句子，且第二个句子中含有as if引导的状语从句。故本句为并列主从复合句。故选D。 27. 考查句子结构。句意：为了表示我们的尊重，我们通常必须脱掉手套，不管我们要和谁握手。本句含有whoever引导的让步状语从句，故本句为主从复合句。故选C。 28. 考查句子结构。句意：她喜欢城市生活的一个原因是，她可以很容易地去商店和餐馆等地方。本句含有that引导的表语从句，故本句为主从复合句。故选C。 29. 考查句子种类。句意：我们经常在星期五下午学习中国历史。分析句子结构可知，句中只有一套主谓，这是一个主谓宾状的简单句。故填：简单句。 30. 考查句子种类。句意：给我让座的那个男孩叫汤姆。分析句子结构可知，句中含有一个由who引导的定语从句修饰前面的名词boy，这是一个主从复合句。故填：主从复合句。 31. 考查句子种类。句意：这个房间里有一把椅子，是吗？分析句子结构可知，这是一个反意疑问句，同样只有一套主谓，这是一个简单句。故填：简单句。 32. 考查句子种类。句意：我哥哥和我早上七点半去学校，晚上七点回家。分析句子结构可知，句中第一个并列连词and并列了两个主语，第二个and并列了两个谓语和宾语，均属于并列结构，因此这是一个存在并列主语和并列谓语宾语的简单句。故填：简单句。 33. 考查句子种类。句意：他在一班，我在二班。分析句子结构可知，并列连词and并列了两个简单句，故这是一个并列句。故填：并列句。 34. 考查句子种类。句意：他还是个孩子的时候就喜欢画画。分析句子结构可知，句中存在一个when引导的时间状语从句，故这是一个主从复合句。故填：主从复合句。 35. 考查句子种类。句意：他既没有改变主意，也不会改变主意。分析句子结构可知，这是一个由并列连词neither…nor…连接的并列句。故填：并列句。 36. 考查句子种类。句意：他在会上说的话很重要，是吗？分析句子结构可知，句中存在一个what引导的主语从句，故这是一个主从复合句。故填：主从复合句。 37. 考查句子种类。句意：农夫正在教男孩如何种树。分析句子结构可知，句中只有一套主谓结构，而后面的连词how接的to do不定式作句子的直接宾语，故这是个主谓宾宾的简单句。故填：简单句。 38. 考查句子种类。句意：汤姆和杰克都喜欢乡村音乐。分析句子结构可知，both…and…在句中并列了两个主语，其谓语只有一个，故这还是一个简单句。故填：简单句。 翻译 1. 他的目光落在那件温暖的外套上。(简单句) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】His eyes fell on the warm overcoat. 【详解】句子可看作是描述过去发生的事情，时态可用一般过去时；“他的目光”可用名词短语his eyes，“落在……上”可用动词短语fall on，“那件温暖的外套”可用名词短语the warm overcoat。 2. 我建议你详细介绍一下西方绘画的发展。 (1) ________________________________________________________________(简单句) (2) ________________________________________________________________(宾语从句) 【答案】 (1)I recommend you to introduce the development of Western painting in detail. (2)I recommend that you should introduce the development of Western painting in detail. 【详解】考查动词、名词短语、固定搭配和宾语从句。此处是描述当前的状态，应用一般现在时。“建议某人做某事”是固定搭配，recommend sb. to do sth.或宾语从句recommend that...；“详细介绍”翻译成introduce...in detail，“西方绘画的发展”翻译成the development of Western painting，作动词introduce的宾语。第一空要求用简单句的形式来翻译句子，即主谓宾宾补结构，翻译成I recommend you to introduce the development of Western painting in detail.。第二空要求用宾语从句来翻译句子，recommend后接宾语从句时，从句需用虚拟语气should+动词原形，其中should可省略，翻译成I recommend that you should introduce the development of Western painting in detail.。故翻译为I recommend you to introduce the development of Western painting in detail.；I recommend that you should introduce the development of Western painting in detail.。 3. 在接下来的三天里，你可以在当地导游的陪同下，探索雨林，欣赏雨林特有的动植物。 (简单句; spend some time doing sth. ) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】You can spend the next three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest. 【详解】考查固定搭配。表示“你”应用you；表示“可以”应用can；表示“花费时间做某事”应用spend some time doing sth.，位于情态动词can后面，使用动词原形；表示“接下来三天时间”应用the next three days；表示“在当地导游的陪同下”应用with a local guide；表示“探索雨林”应用explore the rainforest；表示“欣赏雨林特有的动植物”应用enjoy the plants and animals unique to the rainforest；enjoy和explore为并列成分，需用and连接，使用-ing形式。故翻译成You can spend the next three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest. 4. Realme, a leading smartphone brand, unveiled its latest 5G smartphone in China on Monday, as part of its efforts to popularize 5G handsets amid mounting competition. 翻译：___________________________________ 剖析：本句的主句部分为：__________________________为简单句的主谓宾结构。 本句的枝叶1：__________________________,为主语Realme的同位语。 本句的枝叶2：__________________________为介词短语作状语。 【答案】 中国领先的智能手机品牌Realme周一在中国发布了最新的5G智能手机，这是该公司努力参与日益激烈的5G手机市场竞争的一部分。 Realme unveiled its latest 5G smartphone; a leading smartphone brand; as part of its efforts to popularize 5G handsets amid mounting competition. 【详解】考查句子结构、同位语和介词短语。leading领先的；smartphone智能手机； brand品牌；unveiled公布于众；latest最新的；popularize普及；competition竞争，所以翻译为中国领先的智能手机品牌Realme周一在中国发布了最新的5G智能手机，这是该公司努力参与日益激烈的5G手机市场竞争的一部分。剖析：本句的主句部分为：Realme unveiled its latest 5G smartphone为简单句的主谓宾结构。本句的枝叶1：a leading smartphone brand ,为主语Realme的同位语。本句的枝叶2：as part of its efforts to popularize 5G handsets amid mounting competition.为介词短语作状语。 5. 老师再一次伸出一根手指按到嘴上，要求安静下来。 ________________________________ to ask for silence. (简单句) 【答案】Again, the teacher lifted/held a finger to his/her lips 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，空处需要填写完整主句，again“再”置句首作状语，主语用the teacher“老师”，动词短语hold/lift a finger to his/her lips表示“伸出一根手指按在嘴上”。分析句子结构可知，hold或lift和主语之间为主动关系，结合动作发生在过去的语境，谓语用一般过去式held/lifted。 6. 她笑着朝詹妮眨了眨眼：“詹妮，你画得真好，我相信终有一天你会成为一名著名的画家。我真为你骄傲。” ______________, “Jenny, you paint really well. I’m sure you will be a famous painter one day. I’m so proud of you.” (简单句) 【答案】She smiled and winked at Jenny 【详解】主语为she；表示“微笑”用smile；表示“朝詹妮眨了眨眼”短语为wink at Jenny。发生在过去用一般过去时。 7. 她一张口说话，泪水再次夺眶而出。 _______________ as she started to speak. (简单句) 【答案】Her tears brimmed over again 【详解】考查动词时态。根据后文的started可知，此处应该使用一般过去时；根据汉语提示，表示“她的眼泪”用her tears；表示“溢出，夺眶而出”用brim over；表示“再次”用again。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Her tears brimmed over again。 8. 我恼怒地说：“伤心地哭也没用，你不能取笑我。” I said in an annoyed voice, “________________. You couldn’t make fun of me.”(简单句) 【答案】It’s no use crying bitterly 【详解】考查固定句型。“做……没用”用固定句型It’s no use doing表示；“哭”用动词cry；“伤心地”用副词bitterly，修饰动词cry。故填It’s no use crying bitterly。 9. 他微笑着伸出/张开双臂。 ________________, smiling.(简单句) 【答案】He held out/opened his arms 【详解】考查时态和短语。根据句意，该句为一般过去时，“伸出/张开双臂”表达为“hold out/open one’s arms”，故填He held out/opened his arms。 10. 多亏了这次比赛和我朋友的帮助，我现在在舞台上感觉很放松，说话时也很自信。(简单句之主系表结构) ________________the contest and the help of my friend, I now________________ . 【答案】Thanks to; feel relaxed on stage and confident when I speak 【详解】考查介词短语及时态。句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时；根据句意及所给句子可知，第一空表示“多亏了”译为thanks to，第二空表示“在舞台上感觉很放松，说话时也很自信”译为feel relaxed on stage and confident when I speak。故填①Thanks to；②feel relaxed on stage and confident when I speak。 11. 男人向出口冲去，惊恐地逃走了。 ________________ and escaped in great panic. (简单句) 【答案】The man dashed for the exit/The man rushed for the exit 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“男人向出口冲去”，“男人”是the man，“向……冲去”是dash/rush for，由escaped可知，句子时态是一般过去时，dash/rush用过去式，“出口”是the exit，位于句首的单词首字母大写。故填The man dashed/rushed for the exit。 12. 我建议您给我们详细介绍一下西方绘画的发展。 →I recommend you ________________________ the development of Western painting. (简单句) →I recommend you ________________________ the development of Western painting. (宾语从句) 【答案】to give us a detailed description of; (should) give us a detailed description of 【详解】第一空：表示“给我们详细介绍一下”用give us a detailed description of；recommend sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”，本空用不定式作宾补。 第二空：表示“给我们详细介绍一下”用宾语从句。本空在recommend后的宾语从句中，需使用虚拟语气，谓语用(should)+动词原形结构，用(should) give us a detailed description of‌。 13. 当詹妮想象着自己成为一名画家时，她的脸上容光焕发，嘴角露出微笑。 When she pictured herself becoming a painter, ________________________. (简单句) 【答案】her face lit up and lips curved in a smile 【详解】空处要求用简单句，这里“她的脸上容光焕发”和“嘴角露出微笑”应用and连接并列的简单句。“她的脸上”可表示为her face，作主语，“容光焕发”可表示为light up，“嘴角”可表示为lips，作主语，“露出微笑”可表示为curve in a smile。结合从句谓语pictured可知，句子时态保持一致，用一般过去时，lit是light的过去式，curved是curve的过去式。 完成句子 1. How can we improve our English quickly? It is a question. (将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句) ______________________________________________ 【答案】How we can improve our English quickly is a question./ It is a question how we can improve our English quickly. 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们如何能快速提高英语是一个问题。原句为两个简单句，可将How can we improve our English quickly变为陈述语序How we can improve our English quickly后作主语从句，放在谓语动词is之前，a question作表语；也可将It is a question作为主句，it作形式主语，how we can improve our English quickly作真正的主语。故改写为How we can improve our English quickly is a question. It is a question how we can improve our English quickly.(或It is a question how we can improve our English quickly.) 2. Who won the game? It is not important. (将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句) ______________________________________________ 【答案】Who won the game is not important./It is not important who won the game. 【详解】考查主语从句。原句中Who won the game是一个疑问，合并后变为陈述语序Who won the game作主语从句，在Who won the game is not important中，此主语从句作句子主语，系动词is作谓语，not important作表语；或者用it作形式主语，who won the game作真正的主语。构成It is not important who won the game，故填Who won the game is not important./It is not important who won the game. 3. He will come to the party. It is uncertain.(将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句) ______________________________________________ 【答案】Whether he will come to the party is uncertain./It is uncertain whether he will come to the party. 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他会来参加聚会。这还不确定。表示“他会来参加派对”这件事不确定。Whether he will come to the party作主语从句，Whether引导主语从句表示“是否”，在句首时，系动词is作谓语，uncertain作表语；也可使用it作形式主语，真正的主语whether he will come to the party后置。故填Whether he will come to the party is uncertain.(或 It is uncertain whether he will come to the party.) 4. We should take measures to protect the environment. It is necessary. (将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句) ______________________________________________ 【答案】That we should take measures to protect the environment is necessary./ It is necessary that we should take measures to protect the environment. 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们应该采取措施保护环境。这是必要的。第二句中的it指代第一句内容，因此可用第一句替换it作主语(即主语从句)，该句句意和成分都完整，用that引导。也可用句型it is necessary that...，it作形式主语，that引导主语从句。故改写为：That we should take measures to protect the environment is necessary./ It is necessary that we should take measures to protect the environment. 5. She said something at the meeting. It surprised all of us. (将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句) ______________________________________________ 【答案】What she said at the meeting surprised all of us. 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：她在会议上说了些话，这让我们所有人都感到惊讶。在将两个简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句时，需要找到一个合适的引导词来引导主语从句，并把这个从句放在句首作为主语。在这个例子中，“something”是“said”的宾语，而在合并后的句子中，这个宾语部分变成了主语从句的内容，且从句缺少宾语，所以用“what”来引导，表示“……的事情”，故答案是What she said at the meeting surprised all of us. 6. The old lady lost all her houses. We helped her yesterday. (合并简单句为定语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The old lady that/who/whom we helped yesterday lost all her houses. 【详解】句意：那位老太太失去了她所有的房子。我们昨天帮助过这位老太太。两句的共同指代对象the old lady可作为定语从句的先行词，在从句里充当helped的宾语，先行词为人且，关系词作从句宾语，可用关系代词that/who/whom引导，将定语从句that/who/whom we helped yesterday置于先行词the old lady后，保留主句原本的谓语lost all her houses，沿用原句统一的一般过去时时态。 7. All supplies are ready. We need them for homeless villagers. (合并简单句为定语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】All that we need for homeless villagers are ready. 【详解】句意：所有我们供给无家可归村民所需的物资都准备好了。两个简单句中，supplies和them指代同一事物。改写时选择不定代词All指代all supplies作主句主语，All作为不定代词充当先行词；将第二句改造为定语从句修饰All，关系代词只能使用that，that在定语从句we need for homeless villagers中作need的宾语，替代原句代词them，最终构成复合句All that we need for homeless villagers are ready.句首单词首字母大写。 8. The reporter’s camera was broken. His report covered the earthquake. (合并简单句为定语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The reporter whose report covered the earthquake had his camera broken. 【详解】句意：这位记者的相机坏了。他的报道涵盖了这次地震。分析原句表述内容，最好使改写后的主从复杂句描述人的行为，故选定两句中共同提到的The reporter为主句主语，将原第一句改造为主句，主语为动作发出者The reporter时，谓宾部分可使用have sth. done结构表被动，主句改写为The reporter had his camera broken.，表达出原第一句的被动意味，因原第一句为一般过去时，改写后的主句也用一般过去时。原第二句主语为His report，与改好后的主句主语The reporter之间为所属关系，此时应用whose引导定语从句，并省略His，定语从句的主语变为whose report，谓宾部分保持不变，并将定语从句置于先行词The reporter之后，整合全句为The reporter whose report covered the earthquake had his camera broken. 9. It is reported that another new airport will be built in the city. (改写为简单句或其他句式) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Another new airport will be built in the city, and the news is reported. 【详解】考查it作形式主语、主语从句。句意：据报道这个城市将再建一个新机场。原句中“that another new airport will be built in the city”是一个主语从句，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是“that another new airport will be built in the city”。改写后将原句的主语从句部分直接作为了一个独立的句子“Another new airport will be built in the city”，然后用并列连词and连接另一个句子“the news is reported”。故答案为Another new airport will be built in the city, and the news is reported. 10. The bike which I bought last week was stolen. (把定语从句改写成简单句) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I bought the bike last week. The bike was stolen. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我上周买的自行车被偷了。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，原句中“which I bought last week”修饰先行词“the bike”，拆分成两个简单句，前一句保留从句内容说明自行车的购买时间“I bought the bike last week.”，后一句说明自行车被盗的情况“The bike was stolen.”。故填I bought the bike last week. The bike was stolen.。 11. The boy whose parents are both teachers studies very hard. (把定语从句改写成简单句) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The boy’s parents are both teachers. The boy studies very hard. 【详解】考查定语从句与简单句的转换。句意：那个父母都是老师的男孩学习非常努力。原句中“whose parents are both teachers”为定语从句，修饰先行词“the boy”，whose在从句中作定语，相当于“the boy’s”，改写成简单句时，需将复合句拆分为两个独立句，其中一个是主句，即The boy studies very hard.；第二个将定语从句中的whose替换为the boy’s，其它核心内容不变，即the boy’s parents are both teachers.，位于句首单词首字母需大写。 故填：The boy’s parents are both teachers. The boy studies very hard. 12. The tree that stands near the river is very tall. (把定语从句改写成简单句) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The tree stands near the river. The tree is very tall. 【详解】考查定语从句与简单句的转换。句意：靠近河边的那棵树非常高。原句中“that stands near the river”为定语从句，修饰先行词“the tree”，that在从句中作主语，相当于“the tree”，改写成简单句时，需将复合句拆分为两个独立句，其中一个是主句，即The tree is very tall.；第二个将定语从句中的that替换为the tree，其它核心内容不变，即the tree stands near the river.，位于句首单词首字母需大写。 故填：The tree stands near the river. The tree is very tall. 13. This is the school where I studied for three years. (把定语从句改写成简单句) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I studied in the school for three years. This is the school. 【详解】考查定语从句与简单句的转换。句意：这是我学习了三年的学校。原句中“where I studied for three years”为定语从句，修饰先行词the school，where在从句中作地点状语，相当于“in the school”；改写成简单句时，需将复合句拆分为两个独立句，其中第一个句子为主句，即This is the school.；从句转换为第二个简单句，从句中的内容保持不变，即I studied for three years.，关系副词where的内容为in the school作状语，置于studied之后，所以第二个简单句为I studied in the school for three years.。故填：I studied in the school for three years. This is the school. 14. The relief bags contain food and water. We send them to damaged towns. (合并简单句为定语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The relief bags which/that we send to damaged towns contain food and water. 【详解】句意：这些救援袋里装着食物和水。我们把它们送到受灾的城镇。这里先行词是The relief bags，指物。在定语从句中作send的宾语，这种情况下关系词可以用which或that。把第二个句子We send them to damaged towns变成定语从句，将them替换为关系词which/that，放在先行词The relief bags之后，即which/that we send to damaged towns。整合后句子为The relief bags which/that we send to damaged towns contain food and water。 15. This is the only shelter. It can hold hundreds of disaster victims. (合并简单句为定语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This is the only shelter that can hold hundreds of disaster victims. 【详解】句意：这是唯一的避难所。它能够容纳数百名灾民。两个句子的相同部分是the only shelter，因此将其作为先行词，先行词被限定词the only修饰，且在从句中作主语，只可以用关系代词that引导定语从句。 16. 简单句变复合句 原句: Surrounding the hill are a greenway and a bike lane, measuring about ten kilometers in length. 拓展句: Surrounding the hill are a greenway and a bike lane, ________________ about ten kilometers in length. 【答案】which measure 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：环绕着这座小山的是一条绿道和一条自行车道，它们长度大约有十公里。原句中“measuring about ten kilometers in length”为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰“a greenway and a bike lane”，可将measuring改写为非限制性定语从句，先行词为a greenway and a bike lane，指物，在从句中作主语，且为复数形式，从句的谓语动词measure用原形。故填which measure。 17. 简单句变复合句 原句: “Low-carbon lifestyle” is a concept aiming to lower the carbon dioxide emission in living as much as possible. 拓展句: “Low-carbon lifestyle” is a concept_________________. 【答案】which aims to lower the carbon dioxide emission in living as much as possible 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：“低碳生活”是一种旨在尽可能减少生活中二氧化碳排放的概念。原句是现在分词作后置定语，可改写为一个定语从句，先行词是concept，关系词在从句中作主语，可使用关系代词which引导，使用一般现在时，which表示单数意义，从句谓语使用三单形式，故填which aims to lower the carbon dioxide emission in living as much as possible。 18. 简单句变复合句 原句：In order to raise the risk awareness of natural disasters, our school organized students to visit the Natural Disaster Museum last Friday. 拓展句：________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Our school organized students to visit the Natural Disaster Museum last Friday, which aimed to raise the risk awareness of natural disasters. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上周五，我们学校组织学生参观了自然灾害博物馆，此举旨在提高大家对自然灾害的防范意识。原句目的状语“In order to raise the risk awareness of natural disasters”可改写为一个定语从句，先行词是整个主句，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词which引导非限制性的定语从句，原句使用一般过去时，从句使用一般过去时，in order to do改写为aimed to do sth. 其他内容不变。故填Our school organized students to visit the Natural Disaster Museum last Friday, which aimed to raise the risk awareness of natural disasters. 19. 简单句变复合句 原句：Apart from the Chinese culture, there are many places of interest in Beijing and you will find it worthwhile to visit them, such as the Palace Museum, the Summer Palace and the Great Wall. 拓展句：________________________________________________________ 【答案】Apart from the Chinese culture, there are many places of interest in Beijing which are worthwhile to visit, such as the Palace Museum, the Summer Palace and the Great Wall. 【详解】考查句型转换。原句是由and连接的并列句，there are many places of interest in Beijing (北京有很多名胜古迹)和you will find it worthwhile to visit them (你会发现参观它们很值得)，them指代前一分句的many places of interest，存在指代性重复，故可用关系代词which引导限制性定语从句进行整合。which指代先行词many places of interest，which在从句中作主语。which are worthwhile to visit是定语从句修饰places of interest，保留核心语义“参观这些名胜很值得”的同时又删除了冗余内容，使句子更紧凑。故填Apart from the Chinese culture, there are many places of interest in Beijing which are worthwhile to visit, such as the Palace Museum, the Summer Palace and the Great Wall.。 20. I also attended some lectures about debate online. I want to improve my skills. (合并为一个含有不定式作目的状语的简单句) _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I also attended some lectures about debate online to improve my skills. 【详解】考查不定式作目的状语。句意：我还参加了一些关于网上辩论的讲座。我想提高我的技能。同义句可以改为“我还参加了一些关于网上辩论的讲座来提高我的技能。”第一个句子不变，其后加不定式短语to improve my skills作目的状语。故填I also attended some lectures about debate online to improve my skills. 21. The taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly. (拆分成简单句) 【答案】The taxi driver was friendly. He took ne to the airport. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：送我去机场的出租车司机很友好。根据题目要求可知，可将原句中的定语从句who took me to the airport，改写为独立句子He took ne to the airport.。故填The taxi driver was friendly. He took ne to the airport. 22. He said a lot at the meeting. His words were very attractive.(把两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句) →______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What he said at the meeting was very attractive. 【详解】考查主语从句和时态。句意：他在会上说了很多。他的话很有吸引力。两句话可合并为“他在会上说的话很有吸引力”，“他在会上说的话”用what引导的主语从句，由said可知，句子时态用一般过去时，用陈述语序，因此主语从句是what he said at the meeting，主语从句作主语，谓语动词用单数，“很有吸引力”是was very attractive，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此句子改写为“What he said at the meeting was very attractive”。故答案为What he said at the meeting was very attractive. 23. It was expected that the house would be completely transformed by then.(改为简单句) The house was expected ________ _________ completely _________________ by then. 【答案】to be; transformed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：预计到那时房子将完全改变。it be expected that固定句型，意为“预计……”，与sth/sb. be expected to do同义，意为“某人/某物预计做……”，所以将that引导的主语从句可以转换成不定式作主语补足语，house和动词transform是被动关系，此处表示“被转换”，应用不定式的被动语态，故填①to②be③transformed。 24. The girl who is waiting to see the famous actor is one of my classmates. (改为简单句) 【答案】The girl waiting to see the famous actor is one of my classmates. 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：等着著名演员的那个女孩是我的一个同学。此处定语从句who is waiting to see the famous actor可改为现在分词短语waiting to see the famous actor，作后置定语修饰名词girl，其他不变。故改为The girl waiting to see the famous actor is one of my classmates. 25. Charlie is so young that he can’t take the underground alone. (改为简单句) Charlie is_______ _______to take the underground alone. 【答案】too young 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：查理太年轻了，他不能独自乘地铁。so...that..意为“如此...以至于...，可以用too... to...“太...而不能”来表达。故填(1). too (2). young    26. I don’t know how I can get the stamp.(改为简单句) I don’t know _______ _______ _______  the stamp. 【答案】how to get 【详解】原句特殊疑问句how I can get the stamp是宾语从句，可换用“疑问词+不定式”结构做动词know的宾语。根据句意结构，可知填(1). how    (2). to    (3). get。 27. A: The children were worn out. B: All of the children had played the whole day long. (将两个简单句合并为复合句) _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The children, all of whom had played the whole day long, were worn out. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：孩子们都累坏了，他们都玩了一整天。“All of the children had played the whole day long.”是对“The children”的描述，可将其转化成非限制性定语从句，使用“介词+关系代词”引导，先行词“The children”指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，应使用whom，故答案是The children, all of whom had played the whole day long, were worn out.。 28. The weather is so fine that we all want to go out for a walk.(改为简单句) →It is ________ fine weather that we all want to go out for a walk. 【答案】such 【详解】句意：天气如此好，以至于我们都想出去散步。此处为“so+形容词”与“such+名词”的同义转换，weather为不可数名词，故用such。 29. The movie was very interesting. We watched it last night. (将两个简单句合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句) → The movie ________ we watched last night was very interesting. 【答案】that /which 【详解】句意：这部电影十分有趣。我们昨晚观看了这部影片。按照要求合并定语从句。先行词The movie(物)，关系词作watched的宾语，用that或which。 30. The man called the police. His car was stolen. (将两个简单句合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句) → The man ________ car was stolen called the police. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：那辆汽车被偷的男子叫了警察。按照要求合并定语从句。先行词The man，与car为所属关系，用whose在从句中作定语。 31. I feel honored to deliver a speech here sharing my dream job with you. (简单句变复合句) →_______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I feel honored to deliver a speech in which I will share my dream job with you. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我很荣幸能发表演讲，与大家分享我梦想中的工作。此处改为介词+关系代词结构定语从句修饰先行词speech，关系词指代先行词在从句作地点状语，应用in which。故改为I feel honored to deliver a speech in which I will share my dream job with you. 阅读短文，写出画线句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句 ___1___ My parents love me very much. However, they like making almost all decisions for me. ___2___ They choose schools and subjects for me, and sometimes even the daily timetables have to be decided by them. In my opinion, deciding everything for children does not help them but harm them in many ways. Firstly, ___3___ it will make children less confident, which is useless to their development. Secondly, ___4___ in many cases parents don't care about children's personal ideas and interests, which will influence their growth greatly. As a result, a lot of children are complaining! I do believe to grow to be independent is a natural way for everybody. Parents should give us chances to make our decisions. They may help us make choices instead of replacing us to make choices. After all, ___5___ there are a lot of things for us to explore by ourselves. 【答案】1. 简单句 2. 并列句 3. 复合句 4. 复合句 5. 简单句 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者针对父母为孩子作决定给出自己的见解。 1. 考查句子结构。句意：我的父母非常爱我。 My parents love me very much是主谓宾的结构，所以是简单句，故填简单句。 2. 考查句子结构。句意：他们为我选择学校和科目，有时甚至每天的时间表都要由他们决定。They choose schools and subjects for me是主谓宾结构，是一个简单句，sometimes even the daily timetables have to be decided by them是主谓结构，也是一个简单句，两个简单句用and的连接，构成并列句，故填并列句。 3. 考查句子结构。句意：首先，这会使孩子们缺乏自信，这对他们的发展是无益的。句中which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的整个句子，所以本句为复合句，故填复合句。 4. 考查句子结构。句意：其次，在很多情况下，父母并不关心孩子的个人想法和兴趣，这将极大地影响他们的成长。句中which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的整个句子，所以本句为复合句，故填复合句。 5. 考查句子结构。句意：毕竟，有很多事情需要我们自己去探索。 there are a lot of things for us to explore by ourselves是there be句型，本句无连词，是简单句，故填简单句。 How to keep healthy What is the most important thing in the world? ①I think it is health. ②You can take away our money, house, car, or even our clothes and we can survive. ③But if our health were taken away, we would surely die. ④That is why we always try to eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly. ⑤In order to eat healthily, I usually avoid eating food high in fat, like French fries or cookies. ⑥I eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruit, for they are full of vitamins. ⑦Taking exercise every day helps us build a strong body. What’s more, I think friends are an important part of one’s health. Many studies show that people with a wide range of social contacts get sick less than those who don’t. ⑧I always feel better when I am with friends than when I am alone. When I am with my friends, I always laugh. Laughing is also an important part of health. ⑨By eating properly and exercising regularly, I can keep my body at a proper weight. By spending time with my friends, I can keep my mind as well as my body happy. ⑩These things sound easy to do, but not many people can manage them. I think a strong will is necessary if we want to keep healthy. 1. 简单句：____________________ 2. 并列复合句：____________________ 3. 主从复合句：____________________ 【答案】1. ⑤⑦⑨ 2. ②⑩ 3. ①③④⑥⑧ 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章认为健康是世间最重要的，阐述了健康饮食(避高脂、多蔬果)、规律运动及交友(助减少生病、带来快乐)对健康的重要性，还提及坚持做这些事需坚强意志。 1. 此处简单句为⑤In order to eat healthily, I usually avoid eating food high in fat, like French fries or cookies.，句意：为了保持健康饮食，我通常会避免食用高脂肪的食物，比如炸薯条和饼干。In order to eat healthily不定式作目的状语，主语为I；usually作状语修饰动词；avoid为谓语；eating food high in fat作宾语；⑦Taking exercise every day helps us build a strong body.句意：每天进行锻炼有助于我们塑造强健的体魄。Taking exercise every day为动名词作主语；helps为谓语；us为宾语；build a strong body为不带 to 的不定式短语充当，补充说明宾语us被施加动作后产生的结果，即“帮助我们达成的事”；⑨By eating properly and exercising regularly, I can keep my body at a proper weight.句意：通过合理饮食和规律运动，我能保持体重处于正常范围。By eating properly and exercising regularly为状语，I为主语；keep为谓语；my body为宾语；at a proper weight为宾补。故填⑤⑦⑨。 2. 此处并列复合句为②You can take away our money, house, car, or even our clothes and we can survive.句意：你可以拿走我们的钱、房子、汽车，甚至我们的衣服，但我们仍能活下去。or表示选择关系；⑩ These things sound easy to do, but not many people can manage them.句意：这些事情听起来很容易做到，但没有多少人能够做到。but表示转折关系。故填②⑩。 3. 此处主从复合句为①I think it is health.句意：我认为是健康。为省略that的宾语从句；③But if our health were taken away, we would surely die.句意：但倘若我们的健康被剥夺了，我们肯定会死去。if引导条件状语从句；⑥I eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruit, for they are full of vitamins.句意：我吃很多蔬菜和新鲜水果，因为它们富含维生素。for引导原因状语从句；④That is why we always try to eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly.句意：这就是为什么我们总是努力保持健康饮食并定期进行锻炼的原因。why引导表语从句；⑧I always feel better when I am with friends than when I am alone.句意：和朋友们在一起时，我总是感觉比独自一人时要好得多。when引导时间状语从句。故填①③④⑥⑧。 ( 16 / 18 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $