Unit 4 Section A（导学案）英语新教材人教版八年级上册

该初中英语导学案围绕“Amazing Plants and Animals”主题，聚焦动植物特征、能力及习性相关词汇，情态动词can表能力的用法，以及形容词最高级语法点，通过词汇填空、短语匹配等活动衔接基础语言知识，搭建从词汇积累到句型运用再到语篇输出的学习支架。 资料以任务型活动为主线，设计听力捕捉关键信息、口语汇报动植物特征等任务，融入中国文化中竹子的象征意义，通过对比分析、问题探究提升学生语言综合运用能力，培养文化意识与思维品质，分层练习覆盖单词、语法到语篇，助力学生高效掌握目标知识。

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section A导学案 1. 能识别并朗读动植物特征、能力及习性相关词汇：amazing, lively, protect, feed, save, useful, wild, huge, tiny, amazing nature等；能理解描述动植物能力;能初步感知情态动词 can表能力的用法，获取文本中动植物的基础信息与特征。 2. 能在听力活动中准确捕捉动植物种类、能力、生活环境、特点等关键信息，完成勾选、填空、简答任务；能模仿示例对话，运用目标词汇和句型与同伴问答、描述动植物特征与本领，熟练运用can句型介绍动植物能力。 3. 能围绕种类、外形特点、独特能力、生存价值四要素完整介绍一种动植物；能结合所学知识简单谈论保护野生动植物的意义，完成口语汇报与简单语段输出，树立保护自然、尊重生命的意识，实现语言综合运用。 重点：1. 掌握描述动植物外形、能力、习性的核心词汇和 `It can…` 重点句型及日常问答表达。 2. 熟练运用情态动词can肯定、否定句式描述动植物的能力与特长。 3. 听懂、读懂简单的动植物介绍短文，精准抓取关键信息。 难点：1. 在真实语境中准确区分、灵活运用 can 表能力，语句表达地道不生硬。 2. 将语言知识迁移运用，用英语简单表达爱护自然、保护动植物的观点。 一、单词填空 1.________________ n.苔藓 2.________________ n. 红杉；红木 3.________________ n.猎豹 4.________________ adj.折叠式的；可折叠的 5.________________ 折扇 6.________________ n.竹；竹子 7.________________ adj.广受欢迎的；流行的 8.________________ n.美德；营养 9.________________ n.工具；手段 10.________________ adv.实际上；居然 11.________________ n.幼苗；嫩芽 v.开(枪)；射击 12.________________ v.出现；呈现 13.________________ n.陆地；土地 v.降落；着陆 14.________________ adj.非洲的；非洲人的 n.非洲人 15.________________ n. 玫瑰；蔷薇 16.________________ n.牡丹；芍药 17.________________ n.莲花 18.________________ n. 蝴蝶 19.________________ n.翅膀；翼 20.________________ n.蛙；青蛙 21.________________ v.有……重；称重量 22.________________ n.银杏 23.________________ n.省份 【答案】 1. moss 2. redwood 3. cheetah 4. folding 5. folding fan 6. bamboo 7. popular 8. goodness 9. tool 10. actually 11. shoot 12. appear 13. land 14. African 15. rose 16. peony 17. lotus 18. butterfly 19. wing 20. frog 21. weigh 22. ginkgo 23. province 二、短语填空 1.________________________________________ 谈论；讨论 2.________________________________________ 在世界上 3.________________________________________ 最受欢迎的主题之一 4.________________________________________ 一把折扇 5.________________________________________ ……的象征 6.________________________________________ 中国文化 7.________________________________________ 建造房屋 8.________________________________________ 最大的动物 9.________________________________________ 学到很多有趣的事 10.________________________________________ 对……感兴趣 11.________________________________________ 问问题 12.________________________________________ 在所有动物中 13.________________________________________ 看；朝..... 看 14.________________________________________ 多达；直到；胜任 15.________________________________________ 成千上万的；许许多多的 16.________________________________________ 散步 【答案】 1. talk about 2. in the world 3. one of the most popular subjects 4. a folding fan 5. a symbol of 6. Chinese culture 7. build houses 8. the largest / biggest animal 9. learn lots of interesting things 10. be interested in 11. ask questions 12. among all animals 13. look at 14. up to 15. thousands of 16. take a walk 三、翻译 1.—What's amazing about the blue whale?蓝鲸有什么神奇之处? —It's ________ ________ ________ animal in the world.它是世界上最大的动物。 2. Bamboo is ________ ________ ________ ________ subjects in Chinese paintings. 竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的题材之一。 3. It's ________ ________ ________ goodness in Chinese culture. 它在中国文化中是高洁美好的象征。 4. ________ ________ ________ ________ in Sichuan, the largest and oldest bamboo forest in China. 在四川竹海 —— 中国面积最大、历史最悠久的竹林。 5. People can use it to ________ ________ and make tools and instruments. 人们可以用它建造房屋，制作工具和乐器。 6. I'd love to ________ all the interesting things ________ bamboo ________ you. 我很乐意和你分享关于竹子的所有趣事。 7. Please ________ ________ ________ ask me any questions you have. 欢迎大家随时向我提出你们的问题。 8. Bamboo ________ ________ ________ a very popular plant in China. 竹子在中国似乎是一种很受欢迎的植物。 9. The blue whale is ________ ________ ________ ________ animal in the world. 蓝鲸是世界上体型最大、最重的动物。 10. ________ ________ tourists come to see it each year, especially in mid-October, as it is the best time to see it. 每年都有成千上万的游客前来参观，特别是在10月中旬，因为这是观赏它（银杏树）的最佳时间。 11. When autumn comes, ________ ________ ________ ________ popular activities is to take a walk under ginkgo trees. 秋天来临时，最受欢迎的活动之一就是在银杏树下散步。 【答案】 1. the largest/biggest 2. one of the most popular 3. a symbol of 4. At the Bamboo Sea 5. build houses 6. share; about; with 7. feel free to 8. seems to be 9. the largest and heaviest 10. Thousands of 11. one of the most 知识点1:①one of+the+形容词最高级十可数名词复数 ②popular 【详解】 1. Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings.竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。 ①“one of+the+形容词最高级十可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 如： One of my friends lives in Shanghai.我的一个朋友住在上海。 ②be popular with受....欢迎 知识点2:①actually ② shoot 2.Exactly! Actually we eat bamboo shoots too.They're really delicious. ①actually作副词.意为“实际地，真实地”actually用于说明个人观点或强调真实情况，actually可修饰单词、短语和句子修饰句子相当于in fact或as a matter of fact。 ②shoot作名词，意为“幼苗；嫩芽”，还可以表示“射击；枪声”；作动词，意为“开（枪）； 射击”，过去式和过去分词为shot/shot。 知识点3:use 3. What do people use bamboo for?人们用竹子做什么? People can use it to build houses and make tools and instruments.人们可以用它来建造房屋，制作工具和乐器。 use作动词，意为“使用”，常用结构:use sth for(doing) sth 意为“用某物做某事”; use sth to do sth意为“用某物做某事”。 如： She used the money for college.她用这笔钱上了大学。 【易混辨析】 辨析used to do sth.， be/get used to （doing） sth.与be used to do sth. 结构 意义及用法 例句 used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”，只用于过去时。说明现在不做了。 I used to get up late in the morning， but now I’m used to getting up early. 我过去早上常常起得很晚，但我现在习惯早起。 be/get used to （doing） sth. 意为“习惯于（做）某事”，其中to是介词。 be used to do sth. 意为“被用来做某事”。 A knife is used to cut things. 刀是用来切东西的。 知识点4:seem Bamboo seems to be a very popular plant in China. 知识点5:weigh Some could stand up three metres tall and weigh up to 860kg. 如： Tom weighs about 60 kilos. ＝ The weight of Tom is about 60 kilos. Tom的体重约为60千克。 I put on some weight during the Spring Festival. 春节期间我长胖了些。 —How heavy is this case? ＝ How much does this case weigh? ＝ What’s the weight of this case? 这个箱子有多重？ —It’s 10 kilos. 重10千克。 知识点6:it is the best time to do sth It is the best time to see it. It’s time （for sb.） to do sth.句型 句型 意义 It’s time （for sb.）to do sth. 到（某人）该做某事的时间了。 It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。 It’s the/one’s＋序数词＋time＋to do sth. 某人第几次做某事。 如：①The new year is coming， and it’s time for us to make New Year’s resolutions. 新年就要到了，是我们做新年计划的时候了。 ②It’s 12 o’clock now. It’s time for lunch. 现在12点了。该吃午饭了。 ③It’s her first time to visit the Great Wall. 这是她第一次参观长城。 语法点 形容词和副词原级的用法 最高级： 表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个，后面可用带有of、in、among的短语等来说明比较的范围。形容词最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省去。 ①The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world. ②In my country, July is the hottest month of the year. ③The cheetah runs (the) fastest among all land animals. 一 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词末一般直接加­er和­est great greater greatest 单音节词以­e结尾，只加­r和­st brave wide braver wider bravest widest 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需先双写这个辅音字母，再加­er和­est big hot bigger hotter biggest hottest 以辅音字母加­y结尾的词，先变­y为­i，再加­er和­est happy happier happiest 多音节词和少数双音节词在前面加more和most difficult expensive more difficult more expensive most difficult most expensive 少数以­er，­ow结尾的双音节词，加­er和­est clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest 注意： (1) 有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加­er和­est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是：common, handsome, polite, quiet, wicked, pleasant, cruel, stupid, tired和以­ow，­er结尾的词。 (2) 有些形容词没有程度可分，或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)，excellent(优秀的)，possible(可能的)，empty(空的)，favorite(最爱的)，perfect(完美的)等。 1. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good, well better best bad, ill worse worst many, much许多的 more most little less least far farther距离远的 farthest距离最远 far further距离更远；程度更胜 furthest距离最远；程度最深 old older/elder oldest/eldest 二、形容词和副词比较等级的用法 1.原级的用法和句式 两者的同级比较用“as+形容词和副词的原级+as”（否定用“not + as/so +形容词或副词的原级+ as”） Eg.This ruler is as long as that one. 这把尺子和那把尺子一样长。 Jim is not as/so tall as Tom. 吉姆不如汤姆高。 2.比较级的句式和用法 句式和用法 示例 “A+谓语动词+比较级+ than +B”用于两者之间的比较，表示其中一个比另一个更…… You are taller than your brother. 你比你弟弟高。 He jumped higher than you. 他比你跳得高。 “比较级+ and +比较级”表示事物本身程度的逐渐变化，意为“ 越来越…… ” He is running faster and faster. 他跑得越来越快。 The city is becoming more and more beautiful. 这个城市变得越来越漂亮了。 “the +比较级...，the +比较级...”表示一方程度的变化随着另一方的变化而平行变化，意为“ 越……，就越…… ” The more you eat, the fatter you will be. 你吃得越多，就会越胖。 “Which/Who +系动词+比较级，A or B?”表示两个人或事物中哪一个/谁更…… Which sweater is cheaper, the red one or the blue one? 哪件毛衣更便宜，红色的还是蓝色的？ “A+系动词+ the +比较级+ of the two（+复数名词）”表示两者中比较……的 Mary is the taller of the two girls. 玛丽是两个女孩中较高的。 【拓展延伸】 （1）修饰形容词或副词的比较级可以用much, a lot, a little, a bit, even, far等，但不能用very, so, too等修饰。 【记忆口诀】两多（much, a lot）两少（a little, a bit）一甚至（even），还有一个远（far）去了。 Eg.This story is much more interesting than that one. 这个故事比那个有趣得多。 （2）在比较结构中，被比较的事物应是同等成分，常用that或those代替前面的名词。 Eg.The workers in that factory are fewer than those in our factory.那个工厂的工人比我们工厂的工人少。 3.最高级的句式和用法 句式和用法 示例 “the +最高级+ in/of...”，其中in后常跟表示组织、团体之类的集体名词；of后跟名词或代词与句子的主语属于同一个概念范畴 She is the youngest in our class. 她是我们班里年龄最小的。 She is the youngest of the students. 她是学生中年龄最小的。 “Which/Who +系动词+ the +最高级，A，B or C?”表示三个人或事物中哪一个/谁最…… Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth? 太阳、月球和地球，哪一个最大？ “one of the +最高级+复数名词”表示“最……的……之一” Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China. 上海是中国最美丽的城市之一。 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．________ (moss) grows best in wet areas. 【答案】Moss 【详解】句意：苔藓在潮湿的区域生长得最好。moss意为“苔藓”，是不可数名词。在此处表示泛指苔藓这一类植物，用来充当句子的主语，位于句首时首字母规范大写即可。 2．Frank is not my classmate. ________ (actual), I didn’t know him at all before. 【答案】Actually 【详解】句意：弗兰克不是我的同班同学。事实上，我以前根本不认识他。括号内提示词actual是形容词，意为“实际的”。根据空后为完整句子可知，此处表示实际上，“我”之前根本不知道他，此处应用其副词形式作状语修饰整个句子。注意句首单词首字母需大写。故填Actually。 3．Elephants are one of the ________ (heavy) land animals with a huge and powerful body. 【答案】heaviest 【详解】句意：大象是躯体庞大而强壮的最重的陆地动物之一。根据固定句型one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”，可知此处需要填heavy的最高级；heavy为辅音字母+y结尾，变最高级把y改为i再加‑est，故填heaviest。 4．Some animals often ________ (appear) in Chinese paintings in the past. 【答案】appeared 【详解】句意：在过去，一些动物经常出现在中国画中。时间标志词in the past表示过去发生的动作，句子要用一般过去时，appear的过去式为appeared。 5．Mike: Pandas are _______ (cute) animals in the zoo, and I love them very much. 【答案】the cutest 【详解】句意：迈克：熊猫是动物园里最可爱的动物，我非常喜欢它们。根据“in the zoo”给出的比较范围，应用形容词最高级，cute为形容词，表示“可爱的”，形容词最高级为cutest，前面必须加the。故填the cutest。 6．The ________ (weigh) of the dog is about two kilos. 【答案】weight 【详解】句意：这只狗的重量大约是两公斤。句中“The”为定冠词，后面需要接名词作主语。weigh的名词形式为weight，意为“重量”，为不可数名词，符合句意，故填weight。 7．It’s an excellent story that Hou Yi ________ (shoot) down nine suns. Many foreign children are interested in this story. 【答案】shot 【详解】句意：后羿射下九个太阳是一个精彩的故事，很多外国孩子对这个故事感兴趣。后羿射日是发生在过去的神话故事，要用一般过去时；shoot的过去式为shot。 8．The cheetahs are _______ (fast) animals on land and they can run very fast. 【答案】the fastest 【详解】句意：猎豹是陆地上跑得最快的动物，它们可以跑得非常快。范围“on land”表示在陆地上所有动物之间比较，要用形容词最高级，fast的最高级是fastest，前面需要加定冠词the。应填the fastest。 9．To my surprise, dolphins are one of _______ (smart) animals in the world. 【答案】the smartest 【详解】句意：令我惊讶的是，海豚是世界上最聪明的动物之一。固定结构“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”，表示“最……之一”，句末有“in the world”，表示三者及以上的比较，需用最高级。smart的最高级为smartest，前面需加上the，应填the smartest。 10．Alice: For me, visiting the zoo with my friends is _______ (happy) thing in the world. 【答案】the happiest 【详解】句意：对我来说，和朋友们一起逛动物园是世界上最快乐的事。根据提示可知，句中有范围in the world，要用形容词最高级，happy的最高级是happiest，形容词最高级前加the，故填the happiest。 11．The peony is one of the ________ (beautiful) flowers in China. 【答案】most beautiful 【详解】句意：牡丹是中国最美丽的花之一。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”是固定结构，表示“……中最……之一”，beautiful的最高级是most beautiful。应填most beautiful。 12．Ginkgo trees are some of the ________ (ancient) living trees. 【答案】most ancient 【详解】句意：银杏树是现存最古老的一些树木。“one/some of the + 形容词最高级”是固定用法，表示“最……之一/一些”；ancient 为多音节形容词，最高级形式为most ancient。 13．This butterfly has the ________ (colourful) wings I have ever seen. 【答案】most colourful 【详解】句意：这只蝴蝶有着我见过的最绚丽的翅膀。 根据“I have ever seen”可知，此处用最高级；colourful是多音节形容词，最高级前加the most，故填most colourful。 14．The tree frog jumps the ________ (high) of the three small animals. 【答案】highest 【详解】句意：树蛙是这三只小动物里跳得最高的。high“高高地”，根据“of the three small animals”可知，此处表示三者之间比较，要用最高级，high的最高级形式是highest。故填highest。 15．We should do something ________ (protect) the endangered animals around us. 【答案】to protect 【详解】我们应该做些事情来保护我们身边的濒危动物。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“做事情”的目的是保护濒危动物，故填to protect。 二、根据汉语提示填空 1．Bamboo is a ________ (象征) of goodness in traditional Chinese culture. 【答案】symbol 【详解】句意：竹子在中国传统文化中是美德的一种象征。句中“a”为不定冠词，提示后面接可数名词单数。“象征”对应的英文名词为symbol，故填symbol。 2．Pandas feed on fresh bamboo ________ (嫩芽) every day. 【答案】shoots 【详解】句意：熊猫每天以新鲜的竹笋为食。根据“bamboo”可知，此处语境为bamboo shoots“竹笋”，shoot表示“嫩芽、笋”，此处表泛指，用复数形式shoots符合语境。 3．The Bamboo Sea in Sichuan is the ________ (最大) bamboo forest in China. 【答案】largest 【详解】句意：四川的竹海是中国最大的竹林。句中出现了“the”以及限定范围“in China”，表示在全国范围内的最高级，因此需要使用形容词的最高级形式，largest符合句意。 4．Some bamboo can grow almost one ________ (米) every single day. 【答案】metre 【详解】句意：有些竹子几乎每天可以长一米。根据汉语提示可知，metre“米”，可数名词，one后接名词单数。 5．People build houses and make ________ (乐器) with bamboo materials. 【答案】instruments 【详解】句意：人们用竹子材料建造房屋并且制作乐器。“乐器”是instrument，此处表示一类事物，要用复数形式instruments。 6．The panda is a ________ (稀有的) animal that needs our careful protection. 【答案】rare 【详解】句意：熊猫是一种需要我们精心保护的稀有动物。“稀有的”可译为rare，形容词作定语修饰名词animal。 7．—Let’s learn how plants ________ (适应) to different climates in class today. —Sounds interesting. I can’t wait. 【答案】adapt 【详解】句意：——让我们今天在课堂上学习植物是如何适应不同气候的。——听起来很有趣。我迫不及待了。“adapt to”是固定搭配，意为“适应”。在“how plants...”这个宾语从句中，描述的是客观事实或普遍规律，应用一般现在时。主语plants是复数，谓语动词用原形，故填adapt。 8．This kind of mushroom is ________ (有毒的), so we can’t eat it at all. 【答案】poisonous 【详解】句意：这种蘑菇有毒，所以我们根本不能吃。此处缺少形容词作表语。“有毒的”译为poisonous，为形容词，放在系动词“is”后作表语。 9．Few people enjoy traveling in the ________ (沙漠) because of the hot and dry weather. 【答案】desert 【详解】句意：因为天气炎热干燥，很少有人喜欢在沙漠里旅行。desert“沙漠”，可数名词，此处表示特指沙漠这类地貌场景，用单数形式即可；in the desert“在沙漠里”，介词短语。 10．The ________ (热量) from the sun makes the water in the lake evaporate quickly in summer. 【答案】heat 【详解】 句意：夏天来自太阳的热量使湖里的水快速蒸发。此处缺少名词作主语。“热量”译为heat，为不可数名词，在句中作主语。 11．Some small animals can ________ (存活) through cold winters by hiding in holes. 【答案】survive 【详解】句意：一些小动物可以躲在洞里熬过寒冷的冬天存活下来。括号内中文提示“存活”，句中情态动词can后必须接动词原形，survive作为动词原形，直接表示“存活、生存”。 12．Be careful with those ________ (锋利的) thorns on the rose bush; they may hurt you. 【答案】sharp 【详解】句意：小心玫瑰丛上那些锋利的刺，它们可能会伤到你。括号内中文提示“锋利的”，句中“thorns（刺）”为名词，前面需要用形容词作定语修饰，sharp作为形容词时，可直接表示“锋利的、尖锐的”。 13．There is a ________ (竹子) forest near my house. 【答案】bamboo 【详解】句意：我家附近有一片竹林。表示“竹子”的名词是bamboo，在句中作定语，修饰名词forest，名词作定语通常使用单数形式，bamboo forest意为“竹林”。 14．We went on a boat trip to see the ________ (鲸鱼) in the ocean. 【答案】whales 【详解】句意：我们乘船去看海洋里的鲸鱼。“鲸鱼”对应的英文单词是whale，此处表示去看海洋里的鲸鱼，是泛指这类生物，要用whale的复数形式whales。 15．The ________ (红杉) trees in this forest are tall, reaching up to the sky. 【答案】redwood 【详解】句意：这片森林里的红杉树很高，直耸天际。“红杉”英文为redwood，redwood trees固定表达红杉树，此处名词作定语修饰trees。 三、完成句子 1．午餐后，我们决定在湖边散步。 After lunch, we decided to _____________________ by the lake. 【答案】take a walk/have a walk/go for a walk 【详解】原句中“散步”是关键词，表示“散步”的英文短语可以是take a walk、have a walk 或 go for a walk。空格前是decided to，后面接动词原形，因此填入这些短语均可。 2．他们不将长寿面切断，因为长寿面是长寿的象征。 They never cut up the noodles because the long noodles are ________ ________ ________ long life. 【答案】 a symbol of 【详解】原句中“象征”是关键词，表示“……的象征”的短语是“a symbol of”，固定用法。 3．熊猫是动物园里最可爱的动物。 The panda is ________ ________ animal in the zoo. 【答案】 the cutest 【详解】原句中“最可爱的”是关键词。“可爱的”对应英文形容词cute。形容词最高级前需加定冠词the，cute 以字母e结尾，变最高级直接加st，即cutest。题目设有两个空，故填the；cutest。 4．在所有植物当中，竹子长得最快。 ________ ________ the plants, bamboo grows ________ ________. 【答案】 Of all the fastest 【详解】原句中“在所有……当中”、“长得最快”是关键词，固定搭配of all，意为“在所有……当中”，用于多者比较；副词最高级the fastest，意为“最快”，修饰动词grows，故填Of；all；the；fastest。 5．哪一种动物是世界上最重的？ ________ animal is ________ ________ in the world? 【答案】 Which the heaviest 【详解】原句中“哪一种”和“最重的”是关键词。“哪一种”用特殊疑问词which表达，位于句首，首字母要大写；“最重的”用heaviest表达，是形容词heavy的最高级，形容词的最高级前要加定冠词the。 6．如果你需要心理健康方面的帮助，请随时联系我。 If you need help with mental health, please ________ ________ ________ contact me. 【答案】 feel free to 【详解】原句中“随时”是关键词。“随时”用feel free to表达，“随时做某事”用feel free to do sth.表达，句子是祈使句，祈使句中动词用原形。 7．春节在中国是最重要的传统节日之一。 The Spring Festival is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ traditional festivals in China. 【答案】 one of the most important 【详解】原句中“最重要的之一”是关键词，表示“最……的之一”的结构是“one of the+最高级+复数名词”。句中“最重要的”对应最高级“most important”，其前需加定冠词“the”，故完整短语为“one of the most important”，填入空格处作表语，修饰“traditional festivals”。 8．折扇已有数百年的历史。 The ________ ________ have a history of hundreds of years. 【答案】 folding fans 【详解】原句中“折扇”是关键词，表示“折扇”的英文短语是folding fans。本句为一般现在时，谓语动词have为原形，主语使用复数名词。故填folding；fans。 9．成千上万的鸟类冬季向南迁徙。 ________ ________ birds fly to the south in the cold winter. 【答案】 Thousands of 【详解】原句中“成千上万”是关键词，表示“成千上万”的固定英文表达为thousands of，位于句首单词首字母需要大写。 10．一些巨型大象身高可达4米，体重重达7吨。 Some huge elephants can ________ ________ to 4 metres tall and ________ up to seven tons. 【答案】 grow up weigh 【详解】原句中表示动植物“长到……高度/大小”，常用短语grow up to。表示“体重为……/重达”，常用动词weigh。情态动词can后接动词原形；连词and连接两个并列的动词短语，因此weigh也使用原形。 四、单项选择 1．Among roses, peonies and lotuses, the peony is ______ beautiful. A．more B．most C．the most D．much 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在玫瑰、牡丹和莲花之中，牡丹是最美丽的。 more更；most最；the most最；much很多。根据“Among roses, peonies and lotuses”可知是三者之间的比较，应用最高级，beautiful是多音节形容词，最高级前需加the most。 2．Bamboo can be used ________ houses and musical instruments. A．build B．building C．to build D．built 【答案】C 【详解】句意：竹子可以被用来建造房屋和乐器。固定搭配“be used to do sth.”意为“被用来做某事”。根据“Bamboo can be used…houses”可知，此处表示竹子被用来造房子，按照固定搭配要求，需用动词不定式，应填to build。 3．Autumn is ________ best time to enjoy ginkgo leaves. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：秋天是欣赏银杏叶的最好的时间。 a一个；an一个；the这/那；/不填。best是形容词good的最高级，形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。故选C。 4．Pandas feed ________ fresh bamboo shoots every day. A．in B．on C．at D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：熊猫每天以新鲜竹笋为食。in在……里面；on在……上面；at在……（时刻/地点）；for为了。固定搭配“feed on”意为“以……为食”，符合语境，应填on。 5．Bamboo is one of ________ useful plants on Earth. A．more B．most C．the most D．much 【答案】C 【详解】句意：竹子是地球上最有用的植物之一。固定句型“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”，表示“最……之一”，useful是多音节形容词，最高级前需加the most，应填the most。 6．Some rare wild animals are ________ because humans are destroying their natural living spaces. A．in safety B．in danger C．in need D．in trouble 【答案】B 【详解】句意：一些珍稀野生动物处于危险中，因为人类正在破坏它们的自然生存空间。 in safety安全；in danger处于危险中；in need有需要；in trouble陷入麻烦。根据“because humans are destroying their natural living spaces”可知，人类破坏自然生存空间会导致动物生存受到威胁。结合语境，此处需要填入表示生存受到威胁的短语，in danger符合逻辑。故选B。 7．—How can camels live such a long time in the desert? —They can ________ without drinking water for over a week. A．sleep B．survive C．grow D．walk 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——骆驼怎么能在沙漠里活这么久？——它们可以不喝水生存超过一周。 sleep睡觉；survive生存；grow生长；walk行走。根据“without drinking water for over a week”可知，强调骆驼在缺水条件下仍能存活，应填survive。 8．Elephants have the ________ to remember places with water and food for many years. A．activity B．ability C．thought D．idea 【答案】B 【详解】句意：大象能够记住有水和食物的地方，并且这种记忆能持续很多年。 activity活动；ability能力；thought想法；idea主意。根据“to remember places with water and food for many years”可知记住地方是大象的一种能力，应填ability。 9．Many plants have to ________ the changing weather if they want to live longer. A．adapt to B．look for C．give up D．take off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多植物如果想要活得更久，就必须适应变化的天气。 adapt to适应；look for寻找；give up放弃；take off起飞。根据“if they want to live longer”可知，植物为了生存需要适应变化的天气。 10．—Among all the foods in Jiangxi, rice noodles are ________. —I agree with you. Almost every family in Jiangxi likes eating them. A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——在江西所有的食物中，米粉是最受欢迎的。——我同意你的观点。几乎每个江西家庭都喜欢吃它们。根据“Among all the foods in Jiangxi”可知比较范围是三者及以上，应用最高级，且形容词最高级前通常加定冠词the。应填the most popular。 五、选词填空 选择方框中所给单词或短语，并用其适当形式完成句子。 face  start  large  reduce  be home to improve  government  able  aware  in danger 1．Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve is one of the nature reserves in China. 2．The reserve is at the of the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Lancang River. 3．The nature reserve many types of plants and animals, including some rare ones. 4．In the past, Sanjiangyuan many problems. 5．It’s important to the number of tourists visiting wetlands. 6．The wetlands became smaller and smaller, so they were to store much water. 7．Some parts of the rivers dried up, and many wild animals were . 8．The has made laws to deal with the problems. 9．Local communities plant wetland trees to the environment. 10．Now the local people are of the importance of environmental protection. 【答案】 1．largest 2．start 3．is home to 4．faced 5．reduce 6．unable 7．in danger 8．government 9．improve 10．aware 【详解】1．句意：三江源自然保护区是中国最大的自然保护区之一。根据“Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve is one of the...nature reserves in China.”及备选词汇可知，此处指三江源是中国最大的自然保护区之一，“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……的之一”。根据上下文及备选词“large”可知，此处需用形容词最高级“largest”，表示“最大的之一”。故填largest。 2．句意：该保护区位于长江、黄河和澜沧江的源头处。根据“The reserve is at the...of the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Lancang River.”可知，the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Lancang River是三条河流，结合备选词“start”可知，此处用其名词形式表示“源头”。at the start of…理解为“在……的源头/起始处”。故填start。 3．句意：这个自然保护区是许多类型植物和动物的家园，包括一些稀有物种。根据“The nature reserve...many types of plants and animals, including some rare ones.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示这个自然保护区是多种动植物的家园，“be home to”意为“是……的家园”，主语是单数名词“The nature reserve”，时态为一般现在时，故用第三人称单数形式“is home to”。故填is home to。 4．句意：过去，三江源面临许多问题。根据“In the past, Sanjiangyuan...many problems.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示三江源面临许多问题，根据时间状语“In the past”和备选词“face”可知，此处描述过去的状态，“face”意为“面对”，需用其过去式“faced”。故填faced。 5．句意：减少参观湿地的游客数量很重要。根据“It’s important to...the number of tourists visiting wetlands.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示“减少参观湿地的游客数量”很重要，It’s important to do sth.为固定句型，此处应填入动词原形“reduce”。故填reduce。 6．句意：湿地变得越来越小，所以它们不能储存太多水。根据“became smaller and smaller”可知，湿地变小导致其储水能力下降。备选词“able”意为“能够”，根据逻辑关系，此处应为其否定形式“unable”（不能），构成“be unable to do sth.”结构。故填unable。 7．句意：河流的一些部分干涸了，许多野生动物处于危险之中。根据“dried up”和“and”连接的并列关系可知，野生动物处境危险。备选短语“in danger”意为“处于危险中”，符合句意。故填in danger。 8．句意：政府已经制定法律来处理这些问题。根据“has made laws”可知，制定法律的主体通常是“政府”。备选词“government”意为“政府”，符合句意和语境。故填government。 9．句意：当地社区种植湿地树木以改善环境。根据“plant wetland trees”和“the environment”可知，种植树木的目的是改善环境。备选词“improve”意为“改善、提高”，为动词，符合语境。故填improve。 10．句意：现在当地人意识到了环境保护的重要性。根据“Now the local people are...of the importance of environmental protection.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示现在当地人已经意识到环保的重要性，“be aware of”意为“意识到”，是固定搭配；备选词“aware”意为“意识到的、知道的”，符合句意和语法。故填aware。 六、完形填空 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The oldest tree on earth lives in Sweden and it is over 9,550 years old. It is the roots of the tree that date back so many, many, many 1 . The stem and trunk of the tree live around 00 years. That is also a(n) 2 time for a tree. But after they die, new stems and trunks 3 from the old roots. A new section of the tree may live another 00 years. This 4 can continue again and again. Scientists have found other spruce trees in 5 . Some of these are close to ,000 years old. The over 9,550-­year-old spruce lives on a mountain. Low shrubs (灌木) grow all around it. The area where the 6 was found gave scientists some details about the earth’s past. Before this progress was achieved, scientists thought that the 7 trees only started growing in that part of the world 2,000 years ago. Now they 8 the trees lived in the area closer to 10,000 years ago! They know that the area also could not have trees much older than this spruce. About 11,000 years ago, the 9 there was covered in ice from the last ice age. Trees 10 this spruce can teach us a lot about the earth’s past. They also show us a lot about the life cycle of some plants. 1．A．years B．seasons C．months D．days 2．A．short B．long C．easy D．hard 3．A．die B．leave C．change D．grow 4．A．cycle B．line C．square D．point 5．A．France B．Germany C．Sweden D．Finland 6．A．mountain B．rock C．tree D．flower 7．A．fruit B．spruce C．leafless D．fruitless 8．A．imagine B．wonder C．know D．wish 9．A．sea B．land C．stone D．forest 10．A．much older than B．half younger than C．as young as D．as old as 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了一棵生长在瑞典的地球上最古老的云杉树。这棵树有9550多年的历史，它的生长循环和所在区域为科学家研究地球的过去提供了宝贵的细节和线索。 【详解】1．句意：正是这棵树的根可以追溯到很多很多年前。 根据前文“it is over 9,550 years old”可知，这棵树有9550多年的历史，因此它的根可以追溯到很多年前，应用years。seasons“季节”；months“月”；days“天”，均不符。 2．句意：对于一棵树来说，这也是一段很长的时间。 根据前文“live around 00 years”可知，茎干和树干能活大约00年，00年对于树来说是一段很长的时间，应用long。short“短的”；easy“容易的”；hard“困难的”，均不符。 3．句意：但在它们死后，新的茎干和树干会从老根中长出来。 根据常识和语境“from the old roots”可知，新的茎干和树干会从老根中长出来，应用grow。die“死亡”；leave“离开”；change“改变”，均不符。 4．句意：这种循环可以一次又一次地继续下去。 前文描述老树干死后长出新树干，新树干活00年再死再长，这是一个不断重复的循环，应用cycle。line“线”；square“正方形”；point“点”，均不符。 5．句意：科学家在瑞典还发现了其他云杉树。 根据文章第一句“The oldest tree on earth lives in Sweden”可知，这棵最古老的树在瑞典，所以科学家是在瑞典发现的其他云杉树，应用Sweden。France“法国”；Germany“德国”；Finland“芬兰”，均不符。 6．句意：发现这棵树的区域为科学家提供了一些关于地球过去的细节。 根据前文“The over 9,550-year-old spruce lives on a mountain.”可知，文章一直在讨论这棵古老的云杉树，所以是发现这棵树的区域提供了细节，应用tree。mountain“山”；rock“岩石”；flower“花”，均不符。 7．句意：在取得这一进展之前，科学家们认为云杉树在2000年前才开始在世界那个地区生长。 根据文章讨论的核心对象以及前文的“spruce”可知，科学家以前认为云杉树是2000年前开始生长的，应用spruce。fruit“水果”；leafless“无叶的”；fruitless“不结果的”，均不符。 8．句意：现在他们知道这些树在接近10000年前就生活在这个地区了！ 根据前文“scientists thought that...”表示科学家以前“认为”，而现在有了新发现，所以是现在知道了真实情况，应用know。imagine“想象”；wonder“想知道”；wish“希望”，均不符。 9．句意：大约11000年前，那里的陆地被上一个冰河时代的冰覆盖着。 根据常识，树木生长在陆地上，且冰河时代冰雪覆盖的是陆地，所以该地区不可能有比这棵树更古老的树，应用land。sea“海洋”；stone“石头”；forest“森林”，均不符。 10．句意：和这棵云杉一样古老的树可以教会我们很多关于地球过去的知识。 根据前文可知，这棵云杉有9550多年历史，非常古老，正是和它一样古老的树能告诉我们地球的过去，应用as old as。much older than“比……老得多”；half younger than“比……年轻一半”；as young as“和……一样年轻”，均不符。 七、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 the   ocean   land   which   when   long   tool   weigh   large   they   two   before Do you know what the world’s fastest animal is? How about the world’s smartest animal? 1 animal lives the longest? Let’s read about some of these amazing animals. The fastest 2 animal in the world is the cheetah. Cheetahs can run at about 120 kilometres an hour. 3 they are running at that speed (速度), they spend more time in the air than on the ground. Blue whales are the world’s 4 animals. They 5 around 10 tons. Of course, 6 smartest animal in the world is the human. The 7 smartest animal is the chimpanzee (黑猩猩). Chimpanzees can make 8 and build things. 9 can also solve problems. Most people believe that tortoises live the longest in the world. It’s true that tortoises live 10 than other animals on land. In fact, some fresh water animals live longer. For example, the Greenland shark can live for more than 400 years. 【答案】 1.Which 2.land 3.When 4.largest 5.weigh 6.the 7.second 8.tools 9.They 10．longer 【导语】本文介绍了几种神奇的动物，分别介绍了陆地上跑得最快的猎豹、体型最大的蓝鲸，智商排第二的黑猩猩以及寿命很长的陆龟、格陵兰鲨。 【详解】1．句意：哪一种动物活得最久？空处引导特殊疑问句。前文连续抛出两个问句，此处询问“哪一种”动物寿命最长，which意为“哪一个”，符合语境。 2．句意：世界上陆地上跑得最快的动物是猎豹。空处在句中作定语，修饰名词animal。猎豹生活在陆地，land作定语，land animal表示“陆地动物”，符合语境。 3．句意：当它们以那个速度奔跑的时候，它们在空中停留的时间比在地面上更长。空处为时间状语从句的引导词。when意为“当……时候”，符合语境。 4．句意：蓝鲸是世界上体型最大的动物。空处为定语修饰名词animals。根据常识，蓝鲸是体型最大的动物，large的最高级largest意为“最大的”，符合语境。 5．句意：它们重大约10吨。空处在句中作谓语动词。此处指重量，weigh意为“重量为……”，符合语境，主语They指代蓝鲸，主语为复数，时态为一般现在时，动词用原形。 6．句意：当然，世界上最聪明的动物是人类。空后是形容词最高级smartest。形容词最高级前面需要加定冠词the。 7．句意：第二聪明的动物是黑猩猩。空处作定语修饰smartest animal。前文说了人类是最聪明的，黑猩猩是第二，two的序数词second意为“第二”，符合语境。 8．句意：黑猩猩会制造工具并且搭建东西。空处作make的宾语。根据“搭建东西”，可知tool意为“工具”，符合语境，此处表示泛指，用复数tools，make tools表示“制造工具”。 9．句意：它们也可以解决问题。空处在句中作主语。此处代词指代上一句的Chimpanzees，用主格they。 10．句意：的确，陆龟比陆地上其他动物活得更久。空处为副词修饰动词live。根据常识，此处指活得更久，后面出现than，要用比较级，live longer表示“活得更久”。 八、短文填空 Churchill, in Northern Canada, is the polar bear capital of the world. There are about as many polar bears 1 people in the town. The town of Churchill and the bears have lived together 2 (peaceful) for 300 years. People in Churchill think that they have the 3 (comfortable) relationship with the bears in the world. However, climate change has made coexistence (共生) 4   (difficult) than before. The ice season in Hudson Bay has got much 5 (short) than before, and this has made it difficult for bears to find food in spring and autumn. So, many bears are hungry and look for food in Churchill. There is 6 program to make bears and humans coexist. The idea is not to hurt the bears, 7 to make them scared of people so that they can run away. There is also a special bear “cage (笼子)”. If bears don’t leave, people will put them in the cage and send them back to the tundra (苔原) 8 (careful) by plane. November is one of 9 (dangerous) months of the year because polar bears often break into houses and even hurt humans to find food at that time. 10 (lucky), most of the bears are sub-adult males. “Teenagers,” said one officer. “They’re the ones that get into trouble.” 【答案】 1．as 2．peacefully 3．most comfortable 4．more difficult 5．shorter 6．a 7．but 8．carefully 9．the most dangerous 10．Luckily 【导语】本文介绍了加拿大丘吉尔镇北极熊与人类共存的情况，气候变化带来的挑战以及当地采取的保护措施和人熊关系现状。 【详解】1．句意：镇上的北极熊数量大约和人口数量一样多。根据“as many polar bears…people in the town”可知，此处指北极熊数量大约和人口数量一样多。as many…as（和……一样多）为固定搭配，因此此处填as。 2．句意：丘吉尔镇和熊已经和平共处了300年。空处需填副词修饰动词短语lived together。peaceful对应的副词形式为peacefully。 3．句意：丘吉尔的人们认为他们与熊的关系是世界上最舒适的。根据“in the world”及定冠词“the”可知，此处需用最高级。 comfortable的最高级为most comfortable。 4．句意：然而，气候变化使得共存比以前更困难了。根据“than before”可知，此处需用比较级。difficult的比较级为more difficult。 5．句意：哈德逊湾的冰季比以前短了很多。根据“much…than”可知，此处需用比较级。short的比较级为shorter。 6．句意：有一个让熊和人类共存的项目。根据“There is…program”可知，此处泛指一个项目，program为辅音音素开头的单数可数名词，需用不定冠词a修饰。 7．句意：这个想法不是伤害熊，而是让它们害怕人类，从而逃跑。“is not to hurt the bears”与“to make them scared of people”为转折关系。not…but…（不是……而是……）符合语境。 8．句意：人们会把它们关进笼子，用飞机小心地送回苔原。此处需填副词修饰动词send。careful对应的副词形式为carefully。 9．句意：十一月是一年中最危险的月份之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”意为“最……的……之一”，固定用法，因此空处需填dangerous的最高级most dangerous，且其前需加定冠词the。 10．句意：幸运的是，大多数熊是未成年雄性。空处位于句首，修饰整个句子，需用副词作状语。lucky对应的副词形式为luckily。句首单词首字母需大写。 九、补全对话 Kate和David 交流了自己的收获。 Kate: We learned a lot about animals today. 1 ? David: Of course. Kate: Here’s the first question. 2 ? David: I like pandas best! I think they’re the cutest animals in the world. What about you? Kate: 3 . I think monkeys are the cleverest among animals. David: Do you know what the largest animals in the world are? Kate: 4 . David: Yes, and one interesting fact is that blue whales can sing songs. Kate: That’s amazing. However, some kinds of whales are in great danger. David: Sorry to hear that. 5 ? Kate: Yes. One is that humans catch whales for meat, fat and oil. The other reason is that water pollution is worse than before. David: Let’s do something to save them. Kate: Sounds great. 【答案】 1.Can I ask you some questions 2.Which animal do you like best 3.I like monkeys best 4.They are the blue whales/ Blue whales 5．Do you know the reasons/ Could you tell me the reasons 【导语】本文是Kate和David的对话，两人交流关于动物的收获，谈论最喜欢的动物、世界上最大的动物，还探讨了鲸鱼濒危的原因，最后决定一起做些事来保护鲸鱼。 【详解】1．下文David回答“Of course.”，后文Kate开始提出第一个问题，由此可知此处Kate询问是否可以问David一些问题。 2．下文David表述“I like pandas best!”，这句话回答了自己最喜欢的动物，因此此处询问对方最喜欢什么动物。 3．下文Kate表述“I think monkeys are the cleverest among animals.”，可以看出Kate最喜欢猴子，对上句“What about you?”作出回答。 4．下文David表述“Yes, and one interesting fact is that blue whales can sing songs.”，出现关键词blue whales，由此可知世界上最大的动物是蓝鲸。 5．下文Kate回答“Yes.”，接着介绍鲸鱼濒危的两个原因，所以此处David询问是否知道鲸鱼濒临危险的原因。 1．本节课核心知识（结合课堂知识总结）：_________________________________________________ 2．今日错题 / 不懂的内容：_______________________________________________________________ 3．我的改进小计划： _________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section A导学案 1. 能识别并朗读动植物特征、能力及习性相关词汇：amazing, lively, protect, feed, save, useful, wild, huge, tiny, amazing nature等；能理解描述动植物能力;能初步感知情态动词 can表能力的用法，获取文本中动植物的基础信息与特征。 2. 能在听力活动中准确捕捉动植物种类、能力、生活环境、特点等关键信息，完成勾选、填空、简答任务；能模仿示例对话，运用目标词汇和句型与同伴问答、描述动植物特征与本领，熟练运用can句型介绍动植物能力。 3. 能围绕种类、外形特点、独特能力、生存价值四要素完整介绍一种动植物；能结合所学知识简单谈论保护野生动植物的意义，完成口语汇报与简单语段输出，树立保护自然、尊重生命的意识，实现语言综合运用。 重点：1. 掌握描述动植物外形、能力、习性的核心词汇和 `It can…` 重点句型及日常问答表达。 2. 熟练运用情态动词can肯定、否定句式描述动植物的能力与特长。 3. 听懂、读懂简单的动植物介绍短文，精准抓取关键信息。 难点：1. 在真实语境中准确区分、灵活运用 can 表能力，语句表达地道不生硬。 2. 将语言知识迁移运用，用英语简单表达爱护自然、保护动植物的观点。 一、单词填空 1.________________ n.苔藓 2.________________ n. 红杉；红木 3.________________ n.猎豹 4.________________ adj.折叠式的；可折叠的 5.________________ 折扇 6.________________ n.竹；竹子 7.________________ adj.广受欢迎的；流行的 8.________________ n.美德；营养 9.________________ n.工具；手段 10.________________ adv.实际上；居然 11.________________ n.幼苗；嫩芽 v.开(枪)；射击 12.________________ v.出现；呈现 13.________________ n.陆地；土地 v.降落；着陆 14.________________ adj.非洲的；非洲人的 n.非洲人 15.________________ n. 玫瑰；蔷薇 16.________________ n.牡丹；芍药 17.________________ n.莲花 18.________________ n. 蝴蝶 19.________________ n.翅膀；翼 20.________________ n.蛙；青蛙 21.________________ v.有……重；称重量 22.________________ n.银杏 23.________________ n.省份 二、短语填空 1.________________________________________ 谈论；讨论 2.________________________________________ 在世界上 3.________________________________________ 最受欢迎的主题之一 4.________________________________________ 一把折扇 5.________________________________________ ……的象征 6.________________________________________ 中国文化 7.________________________________________ 建造房屋 8.________________________________________ 最大的动物 9.________________________________________ 学到很多有趣的事 10.________________________________________ 对……感兴趣 11.________________________________________ 问问题 12.________________________________________ 在所有动物中 13.________________________________________ 看；朝..... 看 14.________________________________________ 多达；直到；胜任 15.________________________________________ 成千上万的；许许多多的 16.________________________________________ 散步 三、翻译 1.—What's amazing about the blue whale?蓝鲸有什么神奇之处? —It's ________ ________ ________ animal in the world.它是世界上最大的动物。 2. Bamboo is ________ ________ ________ ________ subjects in Chinese paintings. 竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的题材之一。 3. It's ________ ________ ________ goodness in Chinese culture. 它在中国文化中是高洁美好的象征。 4. ________ ________ ________ ________ in Sichuan, the largest and oldest bamboo forest in China. 在四川竹海 —— 中国面积最大、历史最悠久的竹林。 5. People can use it to ________ ________ and make tools and instruments. 人们可以用它建造房屋，制作工具和乐器。 6. I'd love to ________ all the interesting things ________ bamboo ________ you. 我很乐意和你分享关于竹子的所有趣事。 7. Please ________ ________ ________ ask me any questions you have. 欢迎大家随时向我提出你们的问题。 8. Bamboo ________ ________ ________ a very popular plant in China. 竹子在中国似乎是一种很受欢迎的植物。 9. The blue whale is ________ ________ ________ ________ animal in the world. 蓝鲸是世界上体型最大、最重的动物。 10. ________ ________ tourists come to see it each year, especially in mid-October, as it is the best time to see it. 每年都有成千上万的游客前来参观，特别是在10月中旬，因为这是观赏它（银杏树）的最佳时间。 11. When autumn comes, ________ ________ ________ ________ popular activities is to take a walk under ginkgo trees. 秋天来临时，最受欢迎的活动之一就是在银杏树下散步。 知识点1:①one of+the+形容词最高级十可数名词复数 ②popular 【详解】 1. Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings.竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。 ①“one of+the+形容词最高级十可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 如： One of my friends lives in Shanghai.我的一个朋友住在上海。 ②be popular with受....欢迎 知识点2:①actually ② shoot 2.Exactly! Actually we eat bamboo shoots too.They're really delicious. ①actually作副词.意为“实际地，真实地”actually用于说明个人观点或强调真实情况，actually可修饰单词、短语和句子修饰句子相当于in fact或as a matter of fact。 ②shoot作名词，意为“幼苗；嫩芽”，还可以表示“射击；枪声”；作动词，意为“开（枪）； 射击”，过去式和过去分词为shot/shot。 知识点3:use 3. What do people use bamboo for?人们用竹子做什么? People can use it to build houses and make tools and instruments.人们可以用它来建造房屋，制作工具和乐器。 use作动词，意为“使用”，常用结构:use sth for(doing) sth 意为“用某物做某事”; use sth to do sth意为“用某物做某事”。 如： She used the money for college.她用这笔钱上了大学。 【易混辨析】 辨析used to do sth.， be/get used to （doing） sth.与be used to do sth. 结构 意义及用法 例句 used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”，只用于过去时。说明现在不做了。 I used to get up late in the morning， but now I’m used to getting up early. 我过去早上常常起得很晚，但我现在习惯早起。 be/get used to （doing） sth. 意为“习惯于（做）某事”，其中to是介词。 be used to do sth. 意为“被用来做某事”。 A knife is used to cut things. 刀是用来切东西的。 知识点4:seem Bamboo seems to be a very popular plant in China. 知识点5:weigh Some could stand up three metres tall and weigh up to 860kg. 如： Tom weighs about 60 kilos. ＝ The weight of Tom is about 60 kilos. Tom的体重约为60千克。 I put on some weight during the Spring Festival. 春节期间我长胖了些。 —How heavy is this case? ＝ How much does this case weigh? ＝ What’s the weight of this case? 这个箱子有多重？ —It’s 10 kilos. 重10千克。 知识点6:it is the best time to do sth It is the best time to see it. It’s time （for sb.） to do sth.句型 句型 意义 It’s time （for sb.）to do sth. 到（某人）该做某事的时间了。 It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。 It’s the/one’s＋序数词＋time＋to do sth. 某人第几次做某事。 如：①The new year is coming， and it’s time for us to make New Year’s resolutions. 新年就要到了，是我们做新年计划的时候了。 ②It’s 12 o’clock now. It’s time for lunch. 现在12点了。该吃午饭了。 ③It’s her first time to visit the Great Wall. 这是她第一次参观长城。 语法点 形容词和副词原级的用法 最高级： 表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个，后面可用带有of、in、among的短语等来说明比较的范围。形容词最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省去。 ①The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world. ②In my country, July is the hottest month of the year. ③The cheetah runs (the) fastest among all land animals. 一 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词末一般直接加­er和­est great greater greatest 单音节词以­e结尾，只加­r和­st brave wide braver wider bravest widest 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需先双写这个辅音字母，再加­er和­est big hot bigger hotter biggest hottest 以辅音字母加­y结尾的词，先变­y为­i，再加­er和­est happy happier happiest 多音节词和少数双音节词在前面加more和most difficult expensive more difficult more expensive most difficult most expensive 少数以­er，­ow结尾的双音节词，加­er和­est clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest 注意： (1) 有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加­er和­est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是：common, handsome, polite, quiet, wicked, pleasant, cruel, stupid, tired和以­ow，­er结尾的词。 (2) 有些形容词没有程度可分，或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)，excellent(优秀的)，possible(可能的)，empty(空的)，favorite(最爱的)，perfect(完美的)等。 1. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good, well better best bad, ill worse worst many, much许多的 more most little less least far farther距离远的 farthest距离最远 far further距离更远；程度更胜 furthest距离最远；程度最深 old older/elder oldest/eldest 二、形容词和副词比较等级的用法 1.原级的用法和句式 两者的同级比较用“as+形容词和副词的原级+as”（否定用“not + as/so +形容词或副词的原级+ as”） Eg.This ruler is as long as that one. 这把尺子和那把尺子一样长。 Jim is not as/so tall as Tom. 吉姆不如汤姆高。 2.比较级的句式和用法 句式和用法 示例 “A+谓语动词+比较级+ than +B”用于两者之间的比较，表示其中一个比另一个更…… You are taller than your brother. 你比你弟弟高。 He jumped higher than you. 他比你跳得高。 “比较级+ and +比较级”表示事物本身程度的逐渐变化，意为“ 越来越…… ” He is running faster and faster. 他跑得越来越快。 The city is becoming more and more beautiful. 这个城市变得越来越漂亮了。 “the +比较级...，the +比较级...”表示一方程度的变化随着另一方的变化而平行变化，意为“ 越……，就越…… ” The more you eat, the fatter you will be. 你吃得越多，就会越胖。 “Which/Who +系动词+比较级，A or B?”表示两个人或事物中哪一个/谁更…… Which sweater is cheaper, the red one or the blue one? 哪件毛衣更便宜，红色的还是蓝色的？ “A+系动词+ the +比较级+ of the two（+复数名词）”表示两者中比较……的 Mary is the taller of the two girls. 玛丽是两个女孩中较高的。 【拓展延伸】 （1）修饰形容词或副词的比较级可以用much, a lot, a little, a bit, even, far等，但不能用very, so, too等修饰。 【记忆口诀】两多（much, a lot）两少（a little, a bit）一甚至（even），还有一个远（far）去了。 Eg.This story is much more interesting than that one. 这个故事比那个有趣得多。 （2）在比较结构中，被比较的事物应是同等成分，常用that或those代替前面的名词。 Eg.The workers in that factory are fewer than those in our factory.那个工厂的工人比我们工厂的工人少。 3.最高级的句式和用法 句式和用法 示例 “the +最高级+ in/of...”，其中in后常跟表示组织、团体之类的集体名词；of后跟名词或代词与句子的主语属于同一个概念范畴 She is the youngest in our class. 她是我们班里年龄最小的。 She is the youngest of the students. 她是学生中年龄最小的。 “Which/Who +系动词+ the +最高级，A，B or C?”表示三个人或事物中哪一个/谁最…… Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth? 太阳、月球和地球，哪一个最大？ “one of the +最高级+复数名词”表示“最……的……之一” Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China. 上海是中国最美丽的城市之一。 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．________ (moss) grows best in wet areas. 2．Frank is not my classmate. ________ (actual), I didn’t know him at all before. 3．Elephants are one of the ________ (heavy) land animals with a huge and powerful body. 4．Some animals often ________ (appear) in Chinese paintings in the past. 5．Mike: Pandas are _______ (cute) animals in the zoo, and I love them very much. 6．The ________ (weigh) of the dog is about two kilos. 7．It’s an excellent story that Hou Yi ________ (shoot) down nine suns. Many foreign children are interested in this story. 8．The cheetahs are _______ (fast) animals on land and they can run very fast. 9．To my surprise, dolphins are one of _______ (smart) animals in the world. 10．Alice: For me, visiting the zoo with my friends is _______ (happy) thing in the world. 11．The peony is one of the ________ (beautiful) flowers in China. 12．Ginkgo trees are some of the ________ (ancient) living trees. 13．This butterfly has the ________ (colourful) wings I have ever seen. 14．The tree frog jumps the ________ (high) of the three small animals. 15．We should do something ________ (protect) the endangered animals around us. 二、根据汉语提示填空 1．Bamboo is a ________ (象征) of goodness in traditional Chinese culture. 2．Pandas feed on fresh bamboo ________ (嫩芽) every day. 3．The Bamboo Sea in Sichuan is the ________ (最大) bamboo forest in China. 4．Some bamboo can grow almost one ________ (米) every single day. 5．People build houses and make ________ (乐器) with bamboo materials. 6．The panda is a ________ (稀有的) animal that needs our careful protection. 7．—Let’s learn how plants ________ (适应) to different climates in class today. —Sounds interesting. I can’t wait. 8．This kind of mushroom is ________ (有毒的), so we can’t eat it at all. 9．Few people enjoy traveling in the ________ (沙漠) because of the hot and dry weather. 10．The ________ (热量) from the sun makes the water in the lake evaporate quickly in summer. 11．Some small animals can ________ (存活) through cold winters by hiding in holes. 12．Be careful with those ________ (锋利的) thorns on the rose bush; they may hurt you. 13．There is a ________ (竹子) forest near my house. 14．We went on a boat trip to see the ________ (鲸鱼) in the ocean. 15．The ________ (红杉) trees in this forest are tall, reaching up to the sky. 三、完成句子 1．午餐后，我们决定在湖边散步。 After lunch, we decided to _____________________ by the lake. 2．他们不将长寿面切断，因为长寿面是长寿的象征。 They never cut up the noodles because the long noodles are ________ ________ ________ long life. 3．熊猫是动物园里最可爱的动物。 The panda is ________ ________ animal in the zoo. 4．在所有植物当中，竹子长得最快。 ________ ________ the plants, bamboo grows ________ ________. 5．哪一种动物是世界上最重的？ ________ animal is ________ ________ in the world? 6．如果你需要心理健康方面的帮助，请随时联系我。 If you need help with mental health, please ________ ________ ________ contact me. 7．春节在中国是最重要的传统节日之一。 The Spring Festival is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ traditional festivals in China. 8．折扇已有数百年的历史。 The ________ ________ have a history of hundreds of years. 9．成千上万的鸟类冬季向南迁徙。 ________ ________ birds fly to the south in the cold winter. 10．一些巨型大象身高可达4米，体重重达7吨。 Some huge elephants can ________ ________ to 4 metres tall and ________ up to seven tons. 四、单项选择 1．Among roses, peonies and lotuses, the peony is ______ beautiful. A．more B．most C．the most D．much 2．Bamboo can be used ________ houses and musical instruments. A．build B．building C．to build D．built 3．Autumn is ________ best time to enjoy ginkgo leaves. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．Pandas feed ________ fresh bamboo shoots every day. A．in B．on C．at D．for 5．Bamboo is one of ________ useful plants on Earth. A．more B．most C．the most D．much 6．Some rare wild animals are ________ because humans are destroying their natural living spaces. A．in safety B．in danger C．in need D．in trouble 7．—How can camels live such a long time in the desert? —They can ________ without drinking water for over a week. A．sleep B．survive C．grow D．walk 8．Elephants have the ________ to remember places with water and food for many years. A．activity B．ability C．thought D．idea 9．Many plants have to ________ the changing weather if they want to live longer. A．adapt to B．look for C．give up D．take off 10．—Among all the foods in Jiangxi, rice noodles are ________. —I agree with you. Almost every family in Jiangxi likes eating them. A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 五、选词填空 选择方框中所给单词或短语，并用其适当形式完成句子。 face  start  large  reduce  be home to improve  government  able  aware  in danger 1．Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve is one of the nature reserves in China. 2．The reserve is at the of the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Lancang River. 3．The nature reserve many types of plants and animals, including some rare ones. 4．In the past, Sanjiangyuan many problems. 5．It’s important to the number of tourists visiting wetlands. 6．The wetlands became smaller and smaller, so they were to store much water. 7．Some parts of the rivers dried up, and many wild animals were . 8．The has made laws to deal with the problems. 9．Local communities plant wetland trees to the environment. 10．Now the local people are of the importance of environmental protection. 六、完形填空 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The oldest tree on earth lives in Sweden and it is over 9,550 years old. It is the roots of the tree that date back so many, many, many 1 . The stem and trunk of the tree live around 00 years. That is also a(n) 2 time for a tree. But after they die, new stems and trunks 3 from the old roots. A new section of the tree may live another 00 years. This 4 can continue again and again. Scientists have found other spruce trees in 5 . Some of these are close to ,000 years old. The over 9,550-­year-old spruce lives on a mountain. Low shrubs (灌木) grow all around it. The area where the 6 was found gave scientists some details about the earth’s past. Before this progress was achieved, scientists thought that the 7 trees only started growing in that part of the world 2,000 years ago. Now they 8 the trees lived in the area closer to 10,000 years ago! They know that the area also could not have trees much older than this spruce. About 11,000 years ago, the 9 there was covered in ice from the last ice age. Trees 10 this spruce can teach us a lot about the earth’s past. They also show us a lot about the life cycle of some plants. 1．A．years B．seasons C．months D．days 2．A．short B．long C．easy D．hard 3．A．die B．leave C．change D．grow 4．A．cycle B．line C．square D．point 5．A．France B．Germany C．Sweden D．Finland 6．A．mountain B．rock C．tree D．flower 7．A．fruit B．spruce C．leafless D．fruitless 8．A．imagine B．wonder C．know D．wish 9．A．sea B．land C．stone D．forest 10．A．much older than B．half younger than C．as young as D．as old as 七、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 the   ocean   land   which   when   long   tool   weigh   large   they   two   before Do you know what the world’s fastest animal is? How about the world’s smartest animal? 1 animal lives the longest? Let’s read about some of these amazing animals. The fastest 2 animal in the world is the cheetah. Cheetahs can run at about 120 kilometres an hour. 3 they are running at that speed (速度), they spend more time in the air than on the ground. Blue whales are the world’s 4 animals. They 5 around 10 tons. Of course, 6 smartest animal in the world is the human. The 7 smartest animal is the chimpanzee (黑猩猩). Chimpanzees can make 8 and build things. 9 can also solve problems. Most people believe that tortoises live the longest in the world. It’s true that tortoises live 10 than other animals on land. In fact, some fresh water animals live longer. For example, the Greenland shark can live for more than 400 years. 八、短文填空 Churchill, in Northern Canada, is the polar bear capital of the world. There are about as many polar bears 1 people in the town. The town of Churchill and the bears have lived together 2 (peaceful) for 300 years. People in Churchill think that they have the 3 (comfortable) relationship with the bears in the world. However, climate change has made coexistence (共生) 4   (difficult) than before. The ice season in Hudson Bay has got much 5 (short) than before, and this has made it difficult for bears to find food in spring and autumn. So, many bears are hungry and look for food in Churchill. There is 6 program to make bears and humans coexist. The idea is not to hurt the bears, 7 to make them scared of people so that they can run away. There is also a special bear “cage (笼子)”. If bears don’t leave, people will put them in the cage and send them back to the tundra (苔原) 8 (careful) by plane. November is one of 9 (dangerous) months of the year because polar bears often break into houses and even hurt humans to find food at that time. 10 (lucky), most of the bears are sub-adult males. “Teenagers,” said one officer. “They’re the ones that get into trouble.” 九、补全对话 Kate和David 交流了自己的收获。 Kate: We learned a lot about animals today. 1 ? David: Of course. Kate: Here’s the first question. 2 ? David: I like pandas best! I think they’re the cutest animals in the world. What about you? Kate: 3 . I think monkeys are the cleverest among animals. David: Do you know what the largest animals in the world are? Kate: 4 . David: Yes, and one interesting fact is that blue whales can sing songs. Kate: That’s amazing. However, some kinds of whales are in great danger. David: Sorry to hear that. 5 ? Kate: Yes. One is that humans catch whales for meat, fat and oil. The other reason is that water pollution is worse than before. David: Let’s do something to save them. Kate: Sounds great. 1．本节课核心知识（结合课堂知识总结）：_________________________________________________ 2．今日错题 / 不懂的内容：_______________________________________________________________ 3．我的改进小计划： _________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $