Unit 6 Pollution（知识清单）英语新教材沪教版五四学制九年级上册

该初中英语Unit6 Pollution知识清单系统整合了主题词汇、核心短语、实用句型、语法要点及写作指导，通过分类梳理（如污染类型、解决方式等七类词汇）搭建从基础语言知识到综合应用的学习支架。 清单以“知识点精讲+语法结构表+写作框架”构建完整体系，如“pollution/polluted”辨析标注搭配与拓展，一般将来时被动语态附句式例句及易错提示，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。写作设计提案信范文及万能句型，助力学生掌握应用技巧，教师可直接用于课堂教学与分层练习设计。

Unit6 Pollution 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、污染类型与环境类 pollution /pəˈluːʃn/ n. 污染 例句：Air pollution is a serious problem in many big cities.（空气污染是许多大城市的严重问题。） polluted /pəˈluːtɪd/ adj. 受污染的；被玷污的 例句：Many ocean areas are covered with polluted water.（许多海域被污染的海水覆盖。） soil /sɔɪl/ n. 土壤 例句：Chemical waste will damage the fertile soil.（化工废料会破坏肥沃的土壤。） loss /lɒs/ n. 减少；流失 例句：Soil loss is caused by pollution and bad farming ways.（土壤流失由污染和不当耕作方式造成。） harmful /ˈhɑːmfl/ adj. 有害的 例句：Plastic waste is harmful to ocean animals.（塑料垃圾对海洋生物有害。） climate /ˈklaɪmət/ n. 气候 例句：Pollution is one of the main causes of climate change.（污染是气候变化的主要原因之一。） 二、自然生物与物资类 shark /ʃɑːk/ n. 鲨鱼 例句：Lots of sharks die every year because of plastic pollution.（每年大量鲨鱼因塑料污染死亡。） spill /spɪl/ n. 泄漏（量） 例句：An oil spill will cause serious water pollution.（原油泄漏会造成严重的水污染。） mine /maɪn/ v. （在某地）开矿，采矿 例句：Improper mining will destroy local soil and water resources.（不当采矿会破坏当地水土资源。） 三、设备、场所与交通类 air conditioner /ˈeə kəndɪʃnə(r)/ n. 空调 例句：Running too many air conditioners will cause noise pollution.（大量使用空调会造成噪音污染。） road /rəʊd/ n. 路；道路；公路 例句：Heavy traffic on the road produces lots of waste gas.（道路上的繁忙交通产生大量废气。） TV /ˌtiː ˈviː/ n. 电视；电视机 例句：Loud TV noise at home is a common source of noise pollution.（家中电视噪音是常见的噪音污染来源。） vehicle /ˈviːəkl/ n. 车辆 例句：New energy vehicles help reduce air pollution.（新能源车辆有助于减少空气污染。） 四、解决方式与动作类 solution /səˈluːʃn/ n. 解决办法；处理手段 例句：We need practical solutions to stop plastic pollution.（我们需要切实可行的办法杜绝塑料污染。） solve /sɒlv/ v. 解决；处理 例句：Everyone can help solve environmental problems.（每个人都可以助力解决环境问题。） compare /kəmˈpeə(r)/ v. 比较；对比 例句：We compare different ways to reduce pollution.（我们对比各种减污方法。） operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 操作；控制 例句：Sophie can operate the ROV freely in the ocean.（索菲可以熟练操控海中的遥控机器人。） go after 追求；致力于 例句：She goes after her dream of protecting the ocean.（她一直追寻保护海洋的梦想。） pick up 学会；习得 例句：She picked up professional engineering skills at a young age.（她年少时就习得专业的工程技术。） break down 分解；自然降解 例句：Plastic takes hundreds of years to break down in nature.（塑料在自然中需要数百年才能降解。） stand out 显眼；凸显 例句：Special lights make tiny plastic pieces stand out.（特殊灯光让微塑料清晰显现。） 五、科技与方位类 remotely /rɪˈməʊtli/ adv. 远程地 例句：The machine can be remotely controlled from the computer.（这台设备可通过电脑远程操控。） bottom /ˈbɒtəm/ n. 底部 例句：The ROV can reach the bottom of the ocean to collect plastic.（遥控机器人可抵达海底收集塑料。） unnatural /ʌnˈnætʃrəl/ adj. 非自然的 例句：Unnatural colours of plastic help the machine find it.（塑料的非自然色彩便于设备识别。） 六、人物、机构与活动类 expert /ˈekspɜːt/ n. 专家 例句：Environmental experts praise Sophie’s creative design.（环保专家称赞索菲的创意设计。） workshop /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ n. 研讨会；讲习班 例句：She attended many university workshops on engineering.（她参加了许多大学工程研讨会。） university /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti/ n. 大学 例句：Many university students join environmental protection activities.（许多大学生参与环保活动。） 七、情感、书面与抽象类 blossom /ˈblɒsəm/ v. 开花；发展壮大 例句：Her love for environmental protection blossomed gradually.（她的环保热爱日渐深厚。） peace /piːs/ n. 和平；太平；安宁 例句：A clean earth brings peace to all living things.（洁净的地球带给万物安宁。） proposal /prəˈpəʊzl/ n. 建议；提议 例句：The student wrote a proposal to reduce school plastic waste.（学生撰写提案减少校园塑料垃圾。） sincerely /sɪnˈsɪəli/ adv. （信函结尾）谨致问候 例句：We write “Yours sincerely” at the end of a formal letter.（正式信函末尾需写谨启致意。） 短 语 一、动词短语 1. ________________________ 自然降解 2. ________________________ 凸显、清晰显现 3. ________________________ 习得工程技术 4. ________________________ 产生影响、有所作为 5. ________________________ 宣传普及 6. ________________________ 清理海滩 7. ________________________ 落实提议 8. ________________________ 删减方案 9. ________________________ 收集数据 10. ________________________ 从身边行动 11. ________________________ 放眼全球 二、名词短语 1. ________________________ 空气污染 2. ________________________ 水污染 3. ________________________ 土壤污染 4. ________________________ 噪音污染 5. ________________________ 呼吸道疾病 6. ________________________ 细颗粒物 7. ________________________ 汽车尾气 8. ________________________ 工厂废气 9. ________________________ 原油泄漏 10. ________________________ 化工废料 11. ________________________ 塑料垃圾 12. ________________________ 有害影响 13. ________________________ 气候变化 14. ________________________ 微塑料 15. ________________________ 海洋生物 16. ________________________ 遥控探测机器人 17. ________________________ 回收利用项目 18. ________________________ 环保展品 19. ________________________ 物品修复站 20. ________________________ 回收垃圾桶 21. ________________________ 便利位置 22. ________________________ 正式书面用语 23. ________________________ 无污染交通工具 24. ________________________ 废弃食用油 25. ________________________ 生物柴油 26. ________________________ 电子地图 27. ________________________ 同龄人影响 28. ________________________ 青年失业 29. ________________________ 环保行动手册 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、描述类： 1.________________________________________________噪音污染主要由交通、建筑施工和家用设备造成。 2.________________________________________________塑料垃圾需数百年降解，且会危害海洋生物。 3.________________________________________________微塑料更难清理，对自然的危害更大。 4.________________________________________________每个人都能为环保贡献力量、产生影响。 5.________________________________________________我们可以普及环保知识，清理公共区域。 6.________________________________________________学校应采取切实举措减少塑料污染。 7.________________________________________________我们应当放眼全球、立足身边，守护地球。 8.________________________________________________微小的行动能极大改善我们的生活环境。 语法 一般将来时被动语态 写作 污染治理提案信 一、知识点精讲 1.pollution /pəˈluːʃn/ n. 污染 polluted adj. 被污染的 例句：Polluted air and water are bad for our health.（被污染的空气和水有害健康。） 搭配：air/water/soil pollution 空气/水/土壤污染 拓展：pollute v. 污染 2.harmful /ˈhɑːmfl/ adj. 有害的 例句：Smoking is harmful to both body and environment.（吸烟对身体和环境均有害。） 搭配：be harmful to... 对……有害 拓展：harmless adj. 无害的；harm n.&v. 伤害，损害 3.solve /sɒlv/ v. 解决 solution n. 解决方案 例句：We must find ways to solve pollution problems.（我们必须找到办法解决污染问题。） 搭配：solve problems 解决问题；a solution to sth ……的解决方案 4.break down 分解；（机器）出故障 例句：Most plastic products cannot break down easily.（大多数塑料制品难以自然降解。） 辨析：break down 自然分解/故障；break up 打碎、分手 5.stand out 凸显；引人注目 例句：The bright colour of plastic makes it stand out in seawater.（塑料的亮色使其在海水中格外显眼。） 6.pick up 学会；捡起；接收 例句：He picked up basic environmental knowledge at school.（他在学校习得基础环保知识。） 7.make a difference 有影响；起作用 例句：Every small green action can make a difference.（每一个微小的环保行动都能有所贡献。） 8.operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 操作；运转；经营 例句：Students learn how to operate the environmental detection machine.（学生们学习操作环境检测设备。） 拓展：operation n. 操作；运作 9.proposal /prəˈpəʊzl/ n. 提议；提案 例句：His proposal for environmental protection was accepted.（他的环保提案被采纳了。） 搭配：put forward a proposal 提出提案；carry out a proposal 落实提案 10.compare /kəmˈpeə(r)/ v. 比较，对比 例句：We compare different pollution levels in different areas.（我们对比不同地区的污染程度。） 搭配：compare A with B 把A和B作对比 二、核心语法精讲 一般将来时被动语态 核心定义 一般将来时被动语态，用于描述将来将会被完成的动作，侧重动作的结果和影响，本单元多用于描述未来环保举措、污染治理、活动安排等场景。 基本结构 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + will be + 过去分词 The pollution problem will be solved.（污染问题将会被解决。） 否定句 主语 + will not (won’t) be + 过去分词 Waste will not be thrown away randomly.（垃圾不会被随意丢弃。） 一般疑问句 Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ Will more trees be planted next year?（明年会种植更多树木吗？） 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ What will be done to protect the ocean?（将会采取什么措施保护海洋？） 易错 •固定结构不可拆分：will be + 过去分词，be动词不可省略 •多用于计划、安排、未来举措，侧重被动结果 •情态动词will后统一接动词原形be，无人称单复数变化 •不及物动词无被动：happen, take place, break down（表自然分解可用于主动） 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 •写作话题：A proposal letter on solving pollution 污染治理提案信 •文体：正式书信（应用文） •时态：一般现在时（现状、问题）+ 一般将来时（未来举措、成效） •人称：第一人称 •词数：80-110词 •核心要点：点明校园/社区污染问题、阐述危害、提出具体解决建议、展望改善效果 •写作要求：使用正式书面语，避免口语化缩写 2. 写作框架 •开头：自我介绍，点明写作目的，指出现存污染问题及危害 •中间：分点提出2-3条具体可行的环保整改建议 •结尾：展望实施效果，表达期待与祝愿 3. 写作素材 核心短语 plastic waste 塑料垃圾；be harmful to 对……有害；carry out proposals 落实提议；recycling bins 回收垃圾桶；make a difference 产生影响；protect the environment 保护环境 万能高分句型 •I am writing to suggest some ways to reduce pollution in our school. 我写信旨在提出减少校园污染的若干建议。 •Plastic waste is not only harmful to the environment, but also bad for our health. 塑料垃圾不仅污染环境，还危害我们的身体健康。 •If the proposals are carried out, our school environment will be greatly improved. 若提案得以落实，校园环境将大幅改善。 •Small actions can make a big difference to environmental protection. 微小的行动能为环保带来巨大改变。 4. 范文背诵 A Proposal Letter on Reducing Plastic Pollution Dear Mr Headmaster, I am a Grade 9 student. Nowadays, serious plastic pollution exists in our school. Lots of plastic bottles and bags are thrown everywhere, which is harmful to our environment and health. To solve the problem, I have some suggestions. First, recycling bins will be placed in convenient areas. Second, students will be encouraged to reuse plastic products. Third, related environmental knowledge will be shared in class. I believe these measures will make a great difference. I hope my proposal will be accepted. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 易错点01 make a difference固定短语记错 【错因辨析】搭配残缺，误写make difference 【对点训练】 1. Every green action can ____________ to our Earth. A. make difference B. make a difference C. do difference 易错点02 一般将来时被动语态易错 【错因辨析】 1.结构残缺：遗漏 be 动词，误写will done；正确结构：will be + 过去分词 2.形式混用：will 后面误用过去分词，错写will be do；be 后必须接动词过去分词 3.时态混淆：时间、条件状语从句中，主句用将来被动，从句误用将来时态（从句用一般现在时表将来） 【对点训练】 1.More waste‑recycling stations ___________ in our city next year. A. will build B. will be built C. are built 2.If new rules are passed, much plastic pollution ___________. A. will reduce B. will be reduced C. is reduced 3.Lots of green low‑carbon projects ________ in our community in the coming years. A. will be carried out B. will carried out C. are carry out 一、根据所给提示填空 1．The factory was closed because it caused serious air ________ (污染). 2．Don’t ________ (比较) your scores with your classmates’. 3．Plastic bags are ________ (有害的) to the earth. 4．She successfully ________ (解决) the problem after thinking for a long time. 5．If you cannot find the answer, you can look at the very ________ (底部) of the page, but I suggest you try to work it out by yourself first. 6．My parents hope I can go to a famous ________ (大学) after high school. 7．He is an ________ (专家) in computer science. 8．The ________ (自然的) world is full of amazing things waiting for us to discover. 9．In the space station, new technologies can be developed, tested and ________ (操作). 10．Everyone hopes to live in a world full of ________ (和平) and love. 二、单项选择 1．I think more trees and flowers ________ in our city next year to make it greener. A．plant B．planted C．will be planted D．were planted 2．The writer has got lots of fans in the UK. His new book ________ into English as soon as it comes out. A．was translated B．translated C．is translated D．will be translated 3．If everyone puts more effort into the work, the task ________ in five days. A．was finished B．is finished C．finished D．will be finished 4．When ________ the new library ________ to the public? A．will...be opened B．is...opened C．was...opened D．will...open 5．The invitations ________ to the guests next Monday. A．send B．were sent C．are sent D．will be sent 6．More trees ________ in the city to make it greener. A．will be planted B．are planted C．were planted D．will plant 7．A new bridge ________ across this river next year. A．builds B．will build C．will be built D．is built 8．The decision ________ at tomorrow’s meeting. A．will be made B．is made C．was made D．will make 9．The old buildings ________ down next month. A．will be pulled B．are pulled C．were pulled D．will pull 10．—Have you finished your project yet? —Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ________ ten more minutes. A．give B．am given C．will give D．will be given 三、补全对话 Situation: Wendy and Jake are preparing a school proposal letter to reduce plastic waste on campus. Wendy: Hi Jake, have you finished reading the magazine about ocean plastic pollution? Jake: Yes, I just finished it last night. The photos of sea animals hurt by plastic really shocked me. Wendy: I totally agree with you. Our school also produces tons of plastic waste every week. 1 .（说出写倡议书的目的） Jake: That’s exactly what I want to talk with you about. What problems of plastic waste have you found in our school? Wendy: Disposable plastic water bottles and snack packages are everywhere on the playground. Jake: Terrible. 2 ?（询问对方有没有可行的解决建议） Wendy: I think the school should stop selling plastic bottled drinks in the dining hall. Jake: Good idea. 3 .（给出第二条建议：在校内多处摆放分类回收箱） Wendy: Right, clear signs should be stuck next to each bin to guide students. Jake: By the way, 4 ?（确认是否周五提交倡议书） Wendy: No, our head teacher said we can hand it in next Monday. We have enough time to revise. Jake: Perfect. Many students don’t realize plastic’s long-term harm. 5 .（陈述句：我们真的需要尽量多宣传环保知识） Wendy: We can add a short environmental poster together with the proposal letter. Jake: Sounds wonderful. 6 .（对上文提议表示完全赞同）Let’s start writing the draft right now. 四、阅读理解 Passage 1 Young Heroes for the Planet Nowadays, people around the world are working to help our planet. Check out how the four young adults made a difference. Saving Pandas When Jack was 11, he started a group to teach kids about pandas. He also sold toy pandas to raise money to protect pandas in danger. “I hope to encourage more people to care about pandas,” Jack says. Growing Right Kathy,14, set up an organization to educate people about growing plants in right places. She also wrote a book to help people learn what plants are suitable to their area. Creating Energy At the age of 12, Linda invented a machine called SuperE. It collects heat from fields to make electricity. Linda says her invention creates electricity in a way that is less harmful to the environment. Cleaning Up Patrick, 13, joined the Ocean Heroes Camp last year. He started a project and picked up plastic waste around nearby lakes with his friends. The goal of the project was to fight plastic pollution. 1．_________ started a group to teach kids about pandas. A．Jack B．Kathy C．Linda D．Patrick 2．If you want to do something to protect the panda, you can _________. A．buy toy pandas to raise money B．buy a book to learn C．use Linda’s new machine D．join the Ocean Heroes Camp 3．The underlined words “suitable” means ________. A．familiar B．equal C．right D．similar 4．Linda was ________ years old when she invented SuperE. A．11 B．12 C．13 D．14 5．According to the passage, Patrick’s project will make ________. A．less plastic waste B．fewer ocean animals C．the water in the lake dirty D．the living environment greener 6．The list above is aimed at ________. A．helping students find their hobbies B．introducing four students’ new inventions C．calling on people to protect our planet D．providing advice on protecting the planet Passage 2 1．Where is this survey probably from? A．A website. B．A poster. C．A book. D．A newspaper. 2．What information does this survey include? A．Age, job and suggestions. B．Address, questions and answers. C．Name, questions and suggestions. D．Questions, answers and suggestions. 3．If Sam chooses ◆ mostly, what do you think of him according to the survey? A．He does well in environmental protection. B．He doesn’t care about the environment at all. C．He often does properly and wisely to protect the environment. D．He needs to learn more and do better in environmental protection. 4．Which of the following things are mentioned (提到) in the survey? ① Taking a quick shower. ② Going to school by bike. ③ Bringing a bag for shopping. ④ Using second-hand things. ⑤ Carrying a bottle instead of using a paper cup. A．①② B．①③ C．②⑤ D．③④ 5．What is the purpose of the survey? A．To tell people how to protect the environment. B．To share some helpful ways to live a green life. C．To call on people to protect the environment. D．To help people know the advantages of a green life. 五、写作 Write at least 60 words on the topic “A Small Step Toward a Big Change” based on the given situation. (根据以下情境，以“迈向大改变的一小步”为题，写一篇不少于60 词的短文。标点符号不占格。) Situation: Your school is organizing a “Green Action Week” to encourage students to take practical steps for environmental protection. As a student, you are invited to share ONE specific action you have taken (or plan to take) in daily life to protect the environment. Explain why this action matters and how it can inspire others. (情境：学校正在举办”绿色行动周”, 倡导学生为环保采取实际行动。作为学生，请你分享你在日常生活中已采取 (或计划采取) 的一项具体行动,并说明这一行动的重要性以及它如何激励他人。) 要求： 2. 内容需涵盖所有提示要点，适当发挥； 3. 语言流畅，结构清晰，避免语法错误； 4. 文中不得出现真实姓名或校名。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit6 Pollution 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、污染类型与环境类 pollution /pəˈluːʃn/ n. 污染 例句：Air pollution is a serious problem in many big cities.（空气污染是许多大城市的严重问题。） polluted /pəˈluːtɪd/ adj. 受污染的；被玷污的 例句：Many ocean areas are covered with polluted water.（许多海域被污染的海水覆盖。） soil /sɔɪl/ n. 土壤 例句：Chemical waste will damage the fertile soil.（化工废料会破坏肥沃的土壤。） loss /lɒs/ n. 减少；流失 例句：Soil loss is caused by pollution and bad farming ways.（土壤流失由污染和不当耕作方式造成。） harmful /ˈhɑːmfl/ adj. 有害的 例句：Plastic waste is harmful to ocean animals.（塑料垃圾对海洋生物有害。） climate /ˈklaɪmət/ n. 气候 例句：Pollution is one of the main causes of climate change.（污染是气候变化的主要原因之一。） 二、自然生物与物资类 shark /ʃɑːk/ n. 鲨鱼 例句：Lots of sharks die every year because of plastic pollution.（每年大量鲨鱼因塑料污染死亡。） spill /spɪl/ n. 泄漏（量） 例句：An oil spill will cause serious water pollution.（原油泄漏会造成严重的水污染。） mine /maɪn/ v. （在某地）开矿，采矿 例句：Improper mining will destroy local soil and water resources.（不当采矿会破坏当地水土资源。） 三、设备、场所与交通类 air conditioner /ˈeə kəndɪʃnə(r)/ n. 空调 例句：Running too many air conditioners will cause noise pollution.（大量使用空调会造成噪音污染。） road /rəʊd/ n. 路；道路；公路 例句：Heavy traffic on the road produces lots of waste gas.（道路上的繁忙交通产生大量废气。） TV /ˌtiː ˈviː/ n. 电视；电视机 例句：Loud TV noise at home is a common source of noise pollution.（家中电视噪音是常见的噪音污染来源。） vehicle /ˈviːəkl/ n. 车辆 例句：New energy vehicles help reduce air pollution.（新能源车辆有助于减少空气污染。） 四、解决方式与动作类 solution /səˈluːʃn/ n. 解决办法；处理手段 例句：We need practical solutions to stop plastic pollution.（我们需要切实可行的办法杜绝塑料污染。） solve /sɒlv/ v. 解决；处理 例句：Everyone can help solve environmental problems.（每个人都可以助力解决环境问题。） compare /kəmˈpeə(r)/ v. 比较；对比 例句：We compare different ways to reduce pollution.（我们对比各种减污方法。） operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 操作；控制 例句：Sophie can operate the ROV freely in the ocean.（索菲可以熟练操控海中的遥控机器人。） go after 追求；致力于 例句：She goes after her dream of protecting the ocean.（她一直追寻保护海洋的梦想。） pick up 学会；习得 例句：She picked up professional engineering skills at a young age.（她年少时就习得专业的工程技术。） break down 分解；自然降解 例句：Plastic takes hundreds of years to break down in nature.（塑料在自然中需要数百年才能降解。） stand out 显眼；凸显 例句：Special lights make tiny plastic pieces stand out.（特殊灯光让微塑料清晰显现。） 五、科技与方位类 remotely /rɪˈməʊtli/ adv. 远程地 例句：The machine can be remotely controlled from the computer.（这台设备可通过电脑远程操控。） bottom /ˈbɒtəm/ n. 底部 例句：The ROV can reach the bottom of the ocean to collect plastic.（遥控机器人可抵达海底收集塑料。） unnatural /ʌnˈnætʃrəl/ adj. 非自然的 例句：Unnatural colours of plastic help the machine find it.（塑料的非自然色彩便于设备识别。） 六、人物、机构与活动类 expert /ˈekspɜːt/ n. 专家 例句：Environmental experts praise Sophie’s creative design.（环保专家称赞索菲的创意设计。） workshop /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ n. 研讨会；讲习班 例句：She attended many university workshops on engineering.（她参加了许多大学工程研讨会。） university /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti/ n. 大学 例句：Many university students join environmental protection activities.（许多大学生参与环保活动。） 七、情感、书面与抽象类 blossom /ˈblɒsəm/ v. 开花；发展壮大 例句：Her love for environmental protection blossomed gradually.（她的环保热爱日渐深厚。） peace /piːs/ n. 和平；太平；安宁 例句：A clean earth brings peace to all living things.（洁净的地球带给万物安宁。） proposal /prəˈpəʊzl/ n. 建议；提议 例句：The student wrote a proposal to reduce school plastic waste.（学生撰写提案减少校园塑料垃圾。） sincerely /sɪnˈsɪəli/ adv. （信函结尾）谨致问候 例句：We write “Yours sincerely” at the end of a formal letter.（正式信函末尾需写谨启致意。） 短 语 一、动词短语 1. break down 自然降解 2. stand out 凸显、清晰显现 3. pick up engineering skills 习得工程技术 4. make a difference 产生影响、有所作为 5. spread the word 宣传普及 6. clean up a beach 清理海滩 7. carry out the proposal 落实提议 8. cut out ideas 删减方案 9. collect data 收集数据 10. act locally 从身边行动 11. think globally 放眼全球 二、名词短语 1. air pollution 空气污染 2. water pollution 水污染 3. soil pollution 土壤污染 4. noise pollution 噪音污染 5. breathing problems 呼吸道疾病 6. PM2.5 细颗粒物 7. traffic smoke 汽车尾气 8. factory smoke 工厂废气 9. oil spill 原油泄漏 10. chemical waste 化工废料 11. plastic waste 塑料垃圾 12. harmful effects 有害影响 13. climate change 气候变化 14. tiny pieces of plastic 微塑料 15. ocean animals 海洋生物 16. remotely‑operated vehicle (ROV) 遥控探测机器人 17. recycling projects 回收利用项目 18. environmental exhibits 环保展品 19. repair centre 物品修复站 20. recycling bins 回收垃圾桶 21. convenient locations 便利位置 22. formal language 正式书面用语 23. non‑polluting transport 无污染交通工具 24. used vegetable oil 废弃食用油 25. biodiesel 生物柴油 26. digital maps 电子地图 27. peer pressure 同龄人影响 28. youth unemployment 青年失业 29. action lapbook 环保行动手册 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、描述类： 1.Noise pollution is mainly caused by traffic, buildings and home equipment.噪音污染主要由交通、建筑施工和家用设备造成。 2.Plastic waste takes hundreds of years to break down and harms ocean life.塑料垃圾需数百年降解，且会危害海洋生物。 3.Tiny plastic pieces are harder to clean up and more harmful to nature.微塑料更难清理，对自然的危害更大。 4.Everyone can make a difference to environmental protection.每个人都能为环保贡献力量、产生影响。 5.We can spread environmental knowledge and clean up public places.我们可以普及环保知识，清理公共区域。 6.Schools should take practical measures to reduce plastic pollution.学校应采取切实举措减少塑料污染。 7.We should think globally and act locally to protect our Earth.我们应当放眼全球、立足身边，守护地球。 8.Small actions can greatly improve our living environment.微小的行动能极大改善我们的生活环境。 语法 一般将来时被动语态 写作 污染治理提案信 一、知识点精讲 1.pollution /pəˈluːʃn/ n. 污染 polluted adj. 被污染的 例句：Polluted air and water are bad for our health.（被污染的空气和水有害健康。） 搭配：air/water/soil pollution 空气/水/土壤污染 拓展：pollute v. 污染 2.harmful /ˈhɑːmfl/ adj. 有害的 例句：Smoking is harmful to both body and environment.（吸烟对身体和环境均有害。） 搭配：be harmful to... 对……有害 拓展：harmless adj. 无害的；harm n.&v. 伤害，损害 3.solve /sɒlv/ v. 解决 solution n. 解决方案 例句：We must find ways to solve pollution problems.（我们必须找到办法解决污染问题。） 搭配：solve problems 解决问题；a solution to sth ……的解决方案 4.break down 分解；（机器）出故障 例句：Most plastic products cannot break down easily.（大多数塑料制品难以自然降解。） 辨析：break down 自然分解/故障；break up 打碎、分手 5.stand out 凸显；引人注目 例句：The bright colour of plastic makes it stand out in seawater.（塑料的亮色使其在海水中格外显眼。） 6.pick up 学会；捡起；接收 例句：He picked up basic environmental knowledge at school.（他在学校习得基础环保知识。） 7.make a difference 有影响；起作用 例句：Every small green action can make a difference.（每一个微小的环保行动都能有所贡献。） 8.operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 操作；运转；经营 例句：Students learn how to operate the environmental detection machine.（学生们学习操作环境检测设备。） 拓展：operation n. 操作；运作 9.proposal /prəˈpəʊzl/ n. 提议；提案 例句：His proposal for environmental protection was accepted.（他的环保提案被采纳了。） 搭配：put forward a proposal 提出提案；carry out a proposal 落实提案 10.compare /kəmˈpeə(r)/ v. 比较，对比 例句：We compare different pollution levels in different areas.（我们对比不同地区的污染程度。） 搭配：compare A with B 把A和B作对比 二、核心语法精讲 一般将来时被动语态 核心定义 一般将来时被动语态，用于描述将来将会被完成的动作，侧重动作的结果和影响，本单元多用于描述未来环保举措、污染治理、活动安排等场景。 基本结构 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + will be + 过去分词 The pollution problem will be solved.（污染问题将会被解决。） 否定句 主语 + will not (won’t) be + 过去分词 Waste will not be thrown away randomly.（垃圾不会被随意丢弃。） 一般疑问句 Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ Will more trees be planted next year?（明年会种植更多树木吗？） 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ What will be done to protect the ocean?（将会采取什么措施保护海洋？） 易错 •固定结构不可拆分：will be + 过去分词，be动词不可省略 •多用于计划、安排、未来举措，侧重被动结果 •情态动词will后统一接动词原形be，无人称单复数变化 •不及物动词无被动：happen, take place, break down（表自然分解可用于主动） 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 •写作话题：A proposal letter on solving pollution 污染治理提案信 •文体：正式书信（应用文） •时态：一般现在时（现状、问题）+ 一般将来时（未来举措、成效） •人称：第一人称 •词数：80-110词 •核心要点：点明校园/社区污染问题、阐述危害、提出具体解决建议、展望改善效果 •写作要求：使用正式书面语，避免口语化缩写 2. 写作框架 •开头：自我介绍，点明写作目的，指出现存污染问题及危害 •中间：分点提出2-3条具体可行的环保整改建议 •结尾：展望实施效果，表达期待与祝愿 3. 写作素材 核心短语 plastic waste 塑料垃圾；be harmful to 对……有害；carry out proposals 落实提议；recycling bins 回收垃圾桶；make a difference 产生影响；protect the environment 保护环境 万能高分句型 •I am writing to suggest some ways to reduce pollution in our school. 我写信旨在提出减少校园污染的若干建议。 •Plastic waste is not only harmful to the environment, but also bad for our health. 塑料垃圾不仅污染环境，还危害我们的身体健康。 •If the proposals are carried out, our school environment will be greatly improved. 若提案得以落实，校园环境将大幅改善。 •Small actions can make a big difference to environmental protection. 微小的行动能为环保带来巨大改变。 4. 范文背诵 A Proposal Letter on Reducing Plastic Pollution Dear Mr Headmaster, I am a Grade 9 student. Nowadays, serious plastic pollution exists in our school. Lots of plastic bottles and bags are thrown everywhere, which is harmful to our environment and health. To solve the problem, I have some suggestions. First, recycling bins will be placed in convenient areas. Second, students will be encouraged to reuse plastic products. Third, related environmental knowledge will be shared in class. I believe these measures will make a great difference. I hope my proposal will be accepted. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 易错点01 make a difference固定短语记错 【错因辨析】搭配残缺，误写make difference 【对点训练】 1. Every green action can ____________ to our Earth. A. make difference B. make a difference C. do difference 答案：B 解析：固定短语make a difference 产生影响、有所作为，冠词a不可省略。 易错点02 一般将来时被动语态易错 【错因辨析】 1.结构残缺：遗漏 be 动词，误写will done；正确结构：will be + 过去分词 2.形式混用：will 后面误用过去分词，错写will be do；be 后必须接动词过去分词 3.时态混淆：时间、条件状语从句中，主句用将来被动，从句误用将来时态（从句用一般现在时表将来） 【对点训练】 1.More waste‑recycling stations ___________ in our city next year. A. will build B. will be built C. are built 答案：B 解析：时间标志词next year表将来；主语 stations 和 build 是被动关系。一般将来时被动语态结构为will be + 过去分词，故选 B。 2.If new rules are passed, much plastic pollution ___________. A. will reduce B. will be reduced C. is reduced 答案：B 解析：if 引导条件状语从句遵循 “主将从现”；plastic pollution 和 reduce 为被动关系，要用将来被动will be reduced，故选 B。 3.Lots of green low‑carbon projects ________ in our community in the coming years. A. will be carried out B. will carried out C. are carry out 答案：A 解析：in the coming years（在未来几年）为将来时间标志；绿色低碳项目（green low‑carbon projects）和 “开展（carry out）” 构成被动关系。B 选项缺少 be 动词，结构错误，故选 A。 一、根据所给提示填空 1．The factory was closed because it caused serious air ________ (污染). 【答案】pollution 【详解】句意：工厂因造成严重空气污染而关闭。固定短语air pollution表示“空气污染”，此处需要填名词“污染”，英文为pollution。 2．Don’t ________ (比较) your scores with your classmates’. 【答案】compare 【详解】句意：不要拿你的分数和同学们的作比较。compare“比较”，动词。本句是否定祈使句，Don’t后接动词原形。 3．Plastic bags are ________ (有害的) to the earth. 【答案】harmful 【详解】句意：塑料袋对地球是有害的。are后面需要形容词作表语，固定搭配be harmful to表示“对……有害”。故填harmful。 4．She successfully ________ (解决) the problem after thinking for a long time. 【答案】solved 【详解】句意：经过长时间思考，她成功解决了这个问题。括号内中文提示“解决”对应动词solve；事情已经发生，本句采用一般过去时，solve的过去式是solved，故填solved。 5．If you cannot find the answer, you can look at the very ________ (底部) of the page, but I suggest you try to work it out by yourself first. 【答案】bottom 【详解】句意：如果你找不到答案，你可以看这一页的最底部，但我建议你先试着自己把它算出来。根据中文提示可知，“底部”对应的英文是bottom，固定搭配the very bottom of…表示“……的最底部”，故填bottom。 6．My parents hope I can go to a famous ________ (大学) after high school. 【答案】university 【详解】句意：我父母希望我高中毕业后能上名牌大学。university意为“大学”，冠词a修饰可数名词单数。 7．He is an ________ (专家) in computer science. 【答案】expert 【详解】句意：他是一名计算机科学方面的专家。不定冠词an后面要接以元音音素开头的单数名词，“专家”对应的单词是expert。 8．The ________ (自然的) world is full of amazing things waiting for us to discover. 【答案】natural 【详解】句意：自然界充满着等待我们去发现的奇妙事物。括号内中文提示“自然的”对应形容词natural，此处用来修饰名词world，作定语，符合语法和语境，故填natural。 9．In the space station, new technologies can be developed, tested and ________ (操作). 【答案】operated 【详解】句意：在空间站里，新技术可以得到开发、测试以及操作运用。operate“操作”，动词；本句是含情态动词的被动语态“can be+过去分词”，“and”连接三个并列的过去分词；operate的过去分词是operated。 10．Everyone hopes to live in a world full of ________ (和平) and love. 【答案】peace 【详解】句意：每个人都希望生活在一个充满和平与爱的世界里。peace“和平”，不可数名词，作介词of的宾语。 二、单项选择 1．I think more trees and flowers ________ in our city next year to make it greener. A．plant B．planted C．will be planted D．were planted 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我认为明年我们城市会种植更多的树木和花卉，使其更绿。 plant种植；planted种植了；will be planted将被种植；were planted被种植。时间状语“next year”表示将来，且主语“more trees and flowers”与“plant”之间为被动关系，因此用一般将来时被动语态“will be planted”。 2．The writer has got lots of fans in the UK. His new book ________ into English as soon as it comes out. A．was translated B．translated C．is translated D．will be translated 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这位作家在英国拥有大量粉丝。他的新书一经出版就将会被翻译成英文。   根据时间状语as soon as it comes out遵循主将从现原则，从句使用一般现在时表将来，主句需要使用一般将来时；主语His new book和动词translate之间属于被动关系，书本是被翻译，一般将来时被动语态结构为will be+过去分词，will be translated符合题意。A为一般过去时被动语态，B为动词过去式主动形式，C为一般现在时被动语态，均不符合时态要求。 3．If everyone puts more effort into the work, the task ________ in five days. A．was finished B．is finished C．finished D．will be finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果每个人都更加努力工作，这项任务将在五天内完成。 if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，从句是一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时；且主语task与finish之间是被动关系，所以使用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。应填will be finished。 4．When ________ the new library ________ to the public? A．will...be opened B．is...opened C．was...opened D．will...open 【答案】A 【详解】句意：新图书馆什么时候向公众开放？ 根据“new library”可知，默认是还未开放，询问将来的时间，library和open之间是被动关系，因此用一般将来时被动语态，结构为will be done。 5．The invitations ________ to the guests next Monday. A．send B．were sent C．are sent D．will be sent 【答案】D 【详解】句意：邀请函将于下周一被发送给客人们。 The invitations应该是“被发送”的，应用被动语态；时间状语“next Monday”表示将来，用一般将来时的被动语态，用will be sent。 6．More trees ________ in the city to make it greener. A．will be planted B．are planted C．were planted D．will plant 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这座城市将会种植更多树木，让城市变得更绿意盎然。 主语“More trees”和动词plant“种植”是被动关系，树是“被种植”，要用被动语态，结构为：be+过去分词；句中“to make it greener”是未来要达成的目标，动作还未发生，用一般将来时被动语态：will be planted。 7．A new bridge ________ across this river next year. A．builds B．will build C．will be built D．is built 【答案】C 【详解】句意：明年河上将建造一座新桥。 时间标志词next year（明年）确定时态为一般将来时；主语a new bridge和动词build是被动关系，桥“被建造”，需用被动语态。一般将来时被动结构为will be+过去分词。应填will be built。 8．The decision ________ at tomorrow’s meeting. A．will be made B．is made C．was made D．will make 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个决定将在明天的会议上做出。   根据“tomorrow”可知，动作发生在将来，且主语“decision”与动词“make”之间为被动关系，应用一般将来时被动语态。故选用will be made。 9．The old buildings ________ down next month. A．will be pulled B．are pulled C．were pulled D．will pull 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这些旧建筑将于下个月被拆除。 主语The old buildings与pull down存在被动关系，应用被动语态；根据“next month”可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构是“will be + 过去分词”。 10．—Have you finished your project yet? —Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ________ ten more minutes. A．give B．am given C．will give D．will be given 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你完成你的项目了吗？——还没有。如果再给我十分钟，我会完成它。 if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；主语I是动作give的承受者，需用被动语态，此处用一般现在时的被动语态，应填am given。 三、补全对话 Situation: Wendy and Jake are preparing a school proposal letter to reduce plastic waste on campus. Wendy: Hi Jake, have you finished reading the magazine about ocean plastic pollution? Jake: Yes, I just finished it last night. The photos of sea animals hurt by plastic really shocked me. Wendy: I totally agree with you. Our school also produces tons of plastic waste every week. 1 .（说出写倡议书的目的） Jake: That’s exactly what I want to talk with you about. What problems of plastic waste have you found in our school? Wendy: Disposable plastic water bottles and snack packages are everywhere on the playground. Jake: Terrible. 2 ?（询问对方有没有可行的解决建议） Wendy: I think the school should stop selling plastic bottled drinks in the dining hall. Jake: Good idea. 3 .（给出第二条建议：在校内多处摆放分类回收箱） Wendy: Right, clear signs should be stuck next to each bin to guide students. Jake: By the way, 4 ?（确认是否周五提交倡议书） Wendy: No, our head teacher said we can hand it in next Monday. We have enough time to revise. Jake: Perfect. Many students don’t realize plastic’s long-term harm. 5 .（陈述句：我们真的需要尽量多宣传环保知识） Wendy: We can add a short environmental poster together with the proposal letter. Jake: Sounds wonderful. 6 .（对上文提议表示完全赞同）Let’s start writing the draft right now. 【答案】1．I want to write a proposal letter to ask the school to cut down plastic waste 2．Do you have any practical advice to solve it 3．And we can set classified recycling bins in every teaching building 4．will we hand in the proposal this Friday 5．We really need to spread/promote environmental knowledge as much as possible 6．I couldn’t agree more 【导语】本文是一段关于Wendy和Jake讨论撰写减少校园塑料垃圾倡议书的对话，内容涵盖倡议书目的、问题发现、建议提出、提交时间确认和宣传补充等环节。 【详解】1．根据中文提示“说出写倡议书的目的”，结合上文提到学校每周产生大量塑料垃圾可知，此处应表示需要写倡议书来改变这一状况，目的是减少校园里的塑料垃圾。I want to write a proposal letter to ask the school to cut down plastic waste符合语境。 2．根据中文提示“询问对方有没有可行的解决建议”且标点为问号可知，此处应使用一般疑问句。可用Do you have any practical advice to solve it表达。 3．根据中文提示“给出第二条建议：在校内多处摆放分类回收箱”可知，此处需用陈述句提出建议。“set classified recycling bins”对应“摆放分类回收箱”，in every teaching building符合校内多处。And we can set classified recycling bins in every teaching building符合语境。 4．根据中文提示“确认是否周五提交倡议书”及下文回答“No... next Monday”可知，此处是一般疑问句确认时间。hand in the proposal对应“提交倡议书”，this Friday对应“周五”。注意前面有By the way，故首字母小写，可用will we hand in the proposal this Friday表达。 5．根据中文提示“陈述句：我们真的需要尽量多宣传环保知识”可知，此处需用陈述句表达必要性。really need to对应“真的需要”，spread/promote environmental knowledge对应“宣传环保知识”，as much as possible对应“尽量多”。We really need to spread/promote environmental knowledge as much as possible符合语境。 6．根据中文提示“对上文提议表示完全赞同”，此处需表达强烈的同意。I couldn’t agree more是表示完全赞同的标准句型，符合语境。 四、阅读理解 Passage 1 Young Heroes for the Planet Nowadays, people around the world are working to help our planet. Check out how the four young adults made a difference. Saving Pandas When Jack was 11, he started a group to teach kids about pandas. He also sold toy pandas to raise money to protect pandas in danger. “I hope to encourage more people to care about pandas,” Jack says. Growing Right Kathy,14, set up an organization to educate people about growing plants in right places. She also wrote a book to help people learn what plants are suitable to their area. Creating Energy At the age of 12, Linda invented a machine called SuperE. It collects heat from fields to make electricity. Linda says her invention creates electricity in a way that is less harmful to the environment. Cleaning Up Patrick, 13, joined the Ocean Heroes Camp last year. He started a project and picked up plastic waste around nearby lakes with his friends. The goal of the project was to fight plastic pollution. 1．_________ started a group to teach kids about pandas. A．Jack B．Kathy C．Linda D．Patrick 2．If you want to do something to protect the panda, you can _________. A．buy toy pandas to raise money B．buy a book to learn C．use Linda’s new machine D．join the Ocean Heroes Camp 3．The underlined words “suitable” means ________. A．familiar B．equal C．right D．similar 4．Linda was ________ years old when she invented SuperE. A．11 B．12 C．13 D．14 5．According to the passage, Patrick’s project will make ________. A．less plastic waste B．fewer ocean animals C．the water in the lake dirty D．the living environment greener 6．The list above is aimed at ________. A．helping students find their hobbies B．introducing four students’ new inventions C．calling on people to protect our planet D．providing advice on protecting the planet 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲四个年轻人做的不同的事情来帮助地球。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“When Jack was 11, he started a group to teach kids about pandas.”可知，Jack在11岁时成立了一个教孩子们关于熊猫的组织，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“He also sold toy pandas to raise money to protect pandas in danger.”可知，Jack通过卖玩具熊猫来筹集资金保护濒危熊猫，所以如果想为保护熊猫做些事，可以买玩具熊猫来筹集资金。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Kathy, 14, set up an organization to educate people about growing plants in right places. She also wrote a book to help people learn what plants are suitable to their area.”可知，此处是指在合适的地方种植植物，可推测suitable和right的意思相近，意为“合适的”。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“At the age of 12, Linda invented a machine called SuperE.”可知，Linda在12岁时发明了名为SuperE的机器，故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“The goal of the project was to fight plastic pollution.”可知，该课题的目标是对抗塑料污染，故选A。 6．主旨大意题。根据“Nowadays, people around the world are working to help our planet. Check out how the four young adults made a difference.”及通读全文可知， 本文介绍了四个年轻人为保护地球所做的不同事情，如保护熊猫、正确种植植物、创造能源、清理塑料垃圾等，所以文章的目的是号召人们保护我们的地球。故选C。 Passage 2 1．Where is this survey probably from? A．A website. B．A poster. C．A book. D．A newspaper. 2．What information does this survey include? A．Age, job and suggestions. B．Address, questions and answers. C．Name, questions and suggestions. D．Questions, answers and suggestions. 3．If Sam chooses ◆ mostly, what do you think of him according to the survey? A．He does well in environmental protection. B．He doesn’t care about the environment at all. C．He often does properly and wisely to protect the environment. D．He needs to learn more and do better in environmental protection. 4．Which of the following things are mentioned (提到) in the survey? ① Taking a quick shower. ② Going to school by bike. ③ Bringing a bag for shopping. ④ Using second-hand things. ⑤ Carrying a bottle instead of using a paper cup. A．①② B．①③ C．②⑤ D．③④ 5．What is the purpose of the survey? A．To tell people how to protect the environment. B．To share some helpful ways to live a green life. C．To call on people to protect the environment. D．To help people know the advantages of a green life. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一个小调查，主题是“你是一个关心环境的人吗”。 1．细节理解题。根据“http://www.gogreen.com”可知，本文选自一个网站。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据表格中1—8的问题设问可知，该调查包含问题；同时结合表格中“Results”部分内容可知，该调查也包含答案和建议。因此该调查包含的信息是：问题，答案和建议。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Mostly : You know a little about environmental protection. Learn more and begin from now.”可知，如果Sam多数选择，他需要在环境保护方面学得更多、做得更好。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Do you take a bath instead of taking a quick shower?”及“Do you use reusable bags when shopping?”可知，调查中提到了①③。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据“Green life, start from us!”和调查结果中给出的建议可知，这个调查的目的是呼吁人们保护环境。故选C。 五、写作 Write at least 60 words on the topic “A Small Step Toward a Big Change” based on the given situation. (根据以下情境，以“迈向大改变的一小步”为题，写一篇不少于60 词的短文。标点符号不占格。) Situation: Your school is organizing a “Green Action Week” to encourage students to take practical steps for environmental protection. As a student, you are invited to share ONE specific action you have taken (or plan to take) in daily life to protect the environment. Explain why this action matters and how it can inspire others. (情境：学校正在举办”绿色行动周”, 倡导学生为环保采取实际行动。作为学生，请你分享你在日常生活中已采取 (或计划采取) 的一项具体行动,并说明这一行动的重要性以及它如何激励他人。) 要求： 2. 内容需涵盖所有提示要点，适当发挥； 3. 语言流畅，结构清晰，避免语法错误； 4. 文中不得出现真实姓名或校名。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文： A Small Step Toward a Big Change I plan to use a reusable water bottle every day instead of disposable plastic bottles. This small step can greatly reduce plastic waste and protect our earth. If everyone takes such easy green actions, we will make a big difference together. I will also tell my friends about my good habit and encourage them to join me. Let’s start with tiny daily things and work hard for a greener and better future! 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：议论文，以一般现在时为主明确要点：分享日常环保具体行动、说明该行动的意义、阐述行动对他人的激励作用 确定人称：第一人称(I) 注意事项：不得透露真实个人信息；词数不少于60词；需涵盖所有提示要点，行文流畅无语法错误 [第二步：构思布局] 开头段：点明自己选择的具体环保行动 主体段：阐述该环保行动对地球、环境的重要意义 结尾段：说明自身行动如何带动激励他人，升华主题，呼应题目“小步成就大改变” [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：具体环保行动 核心内容：use a reusable water bottle every day instead of disposable plastic bottles/when you go to the store，use cloth bag instead of plastic bag 要点二：行动的重要性 核心表达：greatly reduce plastic waste/protect our earth/If everyone takes such easy green actions/we will make a big difference together/Let’s protect our planet together 要点三：对他人的激励作用 核心表达：tell my friends about my good habit/encourage them to join me/call on everyone to start with tiny daily things for a greener future/even small actions can make a difference 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $