Unit 5 Reading and Thinking & Reading for Writing（阅读课分层作业）英语人教版必修第一册

**基本信息** 高中英语新授课同步练，分层设计科学，从基础巩固到思维拔高，覆盖词汇、语法、语篇，适配教学目标，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|基础词汇语法（单句填空、完成句子）|聚焦单一知识点，强化词性转换、固定搭配等基础应用| |B组能力进阶|语篇综合应用（语法填空、阅读理解）|通过语篇训练语法综合运用与信息获取，体现文化意识| |C组思维拔高|逻辑思维与语篇衔接（七选五、完形填空）|提升逻辑推理与语篇连贯能力，适配高阶思维品质培养|

分层作业 Unit 5 Period 1 Reading and Thinking & Reading for Writing 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 单句语法填空 1．Following Sommier’s suggestion on introducing Chinese (classic) to the French audience, the Beijing Vocational College of Opera and Arts (BVCOA) staged a series of appealing and innovative performances in 2005. 2． (regard) initially to be an auspicious mascot symbolizing peace and well-being, the Rabbit God carries profound cultural significance. 3．Many popular stories and poems (base) on real historical events and have been kept and spread for thousands of years. 4．These rules are (specific) designed to help learners understand the development of the ancient Chinese writing system more clearly. 5．Traditional Chinese calligraphy is widely (regard) as a special art form that shows the beauty of written language and the wisdom of ancient people. 6．The (major) of foreign students who study in China show great interest in the long history and rich culture of this country. 7．In ancient China, many important events and ideas were carefully (carve) on animal bones and stone tablets to be passed down to later generations. 8．Despite the differences, what I want to do with my Chinese students is encourage them to think, to be curious to always search for new things. 9．The issues (relate) to polite communication in English are often discussed by learners who struggle with cultural nuances. 10．A (demand) job that requires constant communication with foreign clients has pushed her to master polite English demands without sounding rude. 11．Her (describe) account of the differences in polite requests made it easy for beginners to understand when to use shorter or longer phrases. 12．Going on a group spring outing can not only enable them to get close nature and broaden their horizons, but also help improve cooperation skills. 2、 完成句子 1．孩子们非常高兴得到红包，这是一个可以追溯到很多年前的传统。 Children are delighted at getting lucky money, and it is a tradition ________________. 2．____________________ a tree with green leaves all the year round. 那里有一棵常年长着绿色叶子的树。 3．The glass dropped onto the floor, ______________. 玻璃杯掉到了地上，摔成了碎片。 4．The whole work will_______________________ the young people. 整个工作将全部分配给这些年轻人。 5．Now, I____________________ and the new way of communication it opens. 现在，我欣赏这种沉默以及它所带来的新的交流方式。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 3、 语法填空 (A) Languages have come and gone for thousands of years, but recently, the pace of disappearing has quickened. 1 (Previous), when the world was home to hunter-gatherers, small groups developed their own languages, each holding unique 2 (wise). Back then, with only 5 to 10 million people, there were around 12,000 languages. As human societies evolved, however, many of these languages 3 (destroy) by forces like globalization and industrialization. These changes pushed dominant languages such as English and Chinese to the forefront, leaving few of the original local languages able to make 4 . Today, the survival of the world’s remaining 6,800 languages is extremely 5 (challenge). Over 400 are near extinction, with only a few elderly speakers left. In communities 6 these rare languages still exist, people are working hard to preserve them. They, 7 (absorb) in recording oral traditions and creating dictionaries, are determined 8 (keep) these languages alive among the younger generation rather than allowing them to fade away. These preservation efforts not only 9 (strength) cultural diversity but also bring benefits to all humanity. They remind us that while we must adapt 10 a globalized world, we should never ignore the loss of languages. After all, the vanishing of a language means the permanent disappearance of invaluable cultural heritage that can never be replaced. (B) There are currently over 3,000 endangered languages in the world on the edge of extinction. And languages and dialects are dying at 11 alarming rate. According to National Geographic, one language disappears from the earth every 14 days, and few leave any recognizable marks. The least spoken languages in the world tend to be spoken only by a few elders of small 12 (community). Learning a dying language rarely appeals to people 13 try to secure their place in a global economy, so younger generations aren’t typically learning these languages 14 their parents or grandparents. Most of these endangered languages also lack a writing system, 15 (make) their preservation an even bigger challenge. In this landscape of 16 (amaze) loss, institutions and projects are trying to save what is left. The Endangered Languages Documentation Programme 17 (establish) in 2002 with the aim of preserving languages threatened by extinction. It not only funds individual projects developed by scholars, 18 provides training in London and around the world to help prepare the methods 19 (require) for research work. The purpose of documenting languages must not 20 (simple) be to pin(钉) them to the wall like butterflies. 4、 阅读理解 (A) The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed. Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is effective. Students who successfully complete the programme will receive one credit each. Requirements for completion: •One welcoming session on the second Friday of the term •18 weekly one-hour pair meetings •Weekly progress reports for all pair meetings •At least three pair-teacher meetings •One five-minute final video Sign up! The sign-up and registration process is as follows: •Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning. •Based on the information entered by each student, potential pairs are identified. •Proficiency (熟练) levels are confirmed through coursework or placement tests. •Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme. Reminders: Signing up for the programme does not automatically mean that you will be able to register and participate. Pairs are matched by languages of interest and proficiency levels. Since there are many factors involved in the pairing process, not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme. 1．In the programme, students will _________. A．chair daily meetings B．evaluate the exchange C．meet teachers each week D．practise their language skills 2．To complete the programme, students are required to _________. A．development tests B．participate in pair meetings C．welcome new students D．work on weekly videos 3．What do students need to do during the registration? A．Indicate their languages of interest. B．Select their own coursework. C．Make individual contact. D．Choose their partners. (B) Why English Is Changing English is one of the most popular languages in the world. But it’s not a “still” language — it changes all the time. One big reason for the change is other languages. When people from different countries talk in English, they bring words from their own languages. For example, “tea” comes from Chinese “cha”, “pizza” from Italian, and “milkshake” from American English. These “borrowed words” make English more colorful. Technology also makes English change. With the internet, many new words appear. Words like “e-mail”, “chat” and “online” didn’t exist 20 years ago, but now we use them every day. People also use short forms when chatting, like “BRB” for “be right back”. Education helps too. More and more people learn English as a second language. They use English in ways that fit their cultures. For example, in China, students say “open the light” to mean “turn on the light” — native speakers don’t say this, but it’s easy to understand. Some people worry that changes will make English “bad”. But language experts say change is natural. Just like English 100 years ago is different from today’s English, it will keep changing. What’s important is that English can still help people talk to each other. 4．What does the underlined word “still” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Slow. B．Easy. C．Unchanging. D．Popular. 5．Which word is a “borrowed word” from Chinese? A．Tea. B．Pizza. C．E-mail. D．Chat. 6．How does technology change English? A．It makes English hard to learn. B．It brings new words and short forms. C．It stops people from using English. D．It makes English only for the young. 7．What do language experts think of English change? A．It’s a bad thing. B．It’s only from students. C．It can be stopped. D．It’s a natural thing. (C) There are various ways in which to read body language so that you can understand how someone is feeling. Reading emotional clues is one of them. Crying is considered to be caused by an explosion of emotion in most cultures. Oftentimes crying is considered a sign of sadness, but crying can also be an expression of happiness. Crying can also come about through laughter and humor. Thus, when judging crying, you’ll need to look for other signs to determine the meaning of the crying. Crying can also be forced in order to gain sympathy or to cheat others. This practice is known as “crocodile tears”, an expression that draws on the wrong idea that crocodiles “cry” when catching prey (猎物). Signs of threat include V-shaped eyebrows, wide eyes, and an open or down-turned mouth. In a similar way, arms tightly crossed over the other is a common sign that the person is angry and is closing himself off to you. When people show anxiety, they display increased facial movements, and their mouths are pressed into a thin line. Individuals who are anxious may also play with their hands, unable to keep them in one spot. Besides, anxious people may unconsciously tap their feet or have restless legs. Embarrassment can be expressed by turning the eyes or shifting them away. If someone looks down at the floor a lot, they are probably shy, afraid, or embarrassed. People also tend to look down when they are upset or trying to hide something emotional. People are often thinking and feeling unpleasant emotions when they are in the process of staring at the ground. There are also some signs of pride. People show pride by displaying a small smile, holding their head backward, and putting their hands on their hips. 8．In what situation may one have “crocodile tears”? A．When he is sad. B．When he cheats others. C．When he supports others. D．When he is angry. 9．What might a man do when angry? A．Shape his eyebrows into a “w”. B．Sigh heavily. C．Cross his arms tightly. D．Open his eyes wide. 10．What do we know about the emotional clues in the passage? A．Most of them show negative feelings. B．They usually express positive emotions. C．They can be controlled well by humans. D．They are good for people’s health. 11．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to use body languages? B．What are body languages? C．What expressive emotions do we have? D．How to read emotional clues? (D) The US teenager Thomas Cheatham had planned to study Latin during his time at Hebron High School in Texas. However, when he learned that the school district was going to offer a Mandarin (普通话) class, he quickly changed his mind. “I thought Mandarin would be more beneficial than Latin,” said Cheatham, who is now in his second year of studying the language. He speaks Mandarin to order food at Chinese restaurants and can read social media posts from his Chinese-speaking friends. While it is a difficult language to master, the high school junior, who plans to study computer engineering, thinks it will be important for his career. “Chinese is a good language to know, especially with China becoming a growing power,” he said. Many experts agree that proficiency in a language spoken by a billion people worldwide will give American students an edge in the global economy. “People are looking at China as our next economic competitor, and interest in Mandarin is growing,” said Marty Abbott, executive director of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages. “We’re seeing it in all parts of the country.” Abbott estimates that as many as 100,000 students are now studying Mandarin throughout the US, in public and private schools. She said the US government had designated (指定) Mandarin as a “critical needs” language and provided professional development programs for teachers. “Our government wants to increase our language competency for national security (安全) and economic competitiveness,” Abbott said. At the same time, the Chinese government is spreading knowledge of the Chinese language and culture through Confucius Institutes established in many US states. For example, the Confucius Institute at the University of Texas in Dallas has been the home of a Confucius Institute for 10 years. It sponsors (赞助) Confucius Classrooms at 21 local public and private schools, where tens of thousands of students are learning Mandarin. 12．Thomas Cheatham decided to study Mandarin instead of Latin because he thought ___________. A．Mandarin was easier to learn than Latin B．Mandarin might help him learn more about Chinese food C．Mandarin could enable him to make more friends online D．Mandarin could have more advantages in his future career 13．The underlined word “proficiency” in Paragraph 4 probably means _________. A．strong interest B．great skill C．lack of practice D．a level of difficulty 14．Which of the following statements might Marty Abbott agree with? A．Mandarin should be taught in every classroom throughout the US. B．The US government’s policy has helped popularize (普及) Mandarin in the US. C．Many Americans learn Mandarin because they worry about their national history. D．Those competent at Chinese will be the most competitive in the US in the future. 15．What is the main idea of the article? A．The rising popularity of Mandarin among American students. B．The influence of China’s growing power on Americans. C．The benefits of learning Mandarin for Americans. D．How Confucius Institutes in the US help promote Mandarin. 5、 七选五 (A) An AI-generated image posted online shows Albert Einstein riding a neon-lit hoverboard across a pizza-shaped planet. Upon seeing those funny but mindless pictures, people seem to be drawn into a strange circle. They can’t help but repeatedly view similar pictures and enjoy the process, as if addicted. You could say that this is harmless. But what is it adding to the world? 1 The term has been named Oxford’s Word of the Year 2024. Brain rot is when someone’s mental or intellectual state gets worse, especially as a result of overconsuming low-quality, low-value online content, which is considered trivial. 2 Initially gaining attraction on social media platform, brain rot is now seeing more widespread use. The term increased in usage frequency by 230% between 2023 and 2024. 3 As Oxford University Press notes on its website, the first recorded use of brain rot is found in Thoreau’s 1854 book Walden. Thoreau criticizes society’s tendency to devalue (使贬值) ideas. 4 “While England tries to cure the potato rot, will no effort be made to cure the brain rot, which is much more widespread and deadly?” The line between our digital and real lives has faded over time — arguably for the worse. 5 The best thing we can do is see this blended existence as life itself, and know that whatever feeling we are dealing with is a version of what Thoreau dealt with 170 years ago. Only slightly more stupid. A．Now it is all but gone. B．This content causes “brain rot”. C．He sees it as a sign of mental decline. D．Online-offline distinction strengthens over time. E．It originates in meaningless and soulless content. F．Though seemingly modern, “brain rot” dates back to Henry David Thoreau. G．Its roots lie in viral challenges prioritizing clicks over meaningful engagement. (B) Many people give up learning a foreign language because they hold some wrong ideas about it. These wrong beliefs prevent them from stepping out of their comfort zone and experiencing the joy of language learning. 6 Language experts have summed up several common misunderstandings and explained the truth behind them. The first misunderstanding links language learning only to grammar and vocabulary. There is no doubt that grammar and vocabulary lay a solid foundation for language learning, yet language is essentially a tool for daily communication. When picking up a new language, we can get a chance to explore diverse histories, cultures and lifestyles. 7 The second one holds that mistakes in language learning are embarrassing and should be avoided. Traditional classroom learning always stresses accuracy (精确度) above everything else. 8 Even native speakers make errors in daily talks, and small mistakes will not prevent effective communication at all. So we should focus more on expressing ourselves rather than fearing mistakes. Thirdly, some people believe it is tough to learn one new language, let alone two. 9 Actually, school-taught languages may not suit your life needs as an adult. So, choosing a language based on personal interest helps maintain motivation and persistence through learning difficulties. 10 Group learning brings better progress and experience. You can join conversation groups, chat on online forums or learn together with your family members. Modern learning apps also make group study easy and enjoyable. With flexible learning schedules and clear goals, language learning can become a relaxing and rewarding experience. A．But things are quite different in real-life communication. B．Luckily, it is never too late to correct these false views. C．Learners tend to prefer fluency to accuracy in daily study. D．Besides, language learning is wrongly seen as an individual task. E．People often ignore the cultural value behind language learning. F．They keep using the same language learned in school and never dare to try a second one. G．We can also build cross-cultural communication skills via relevant music, movies and books. 6、 完形填空 Ways to Learn the Language Well Some people seem to have a gift for learning languages. They can 1 new vocabulary, master rules of grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. They do not seem to be any cleverer than others, so what 2 language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may 3 a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them. First of all, successful language learners are 4 learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher: they discover their own way to learn the language. 5 waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good 6 who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from their mistakes. Successful language learning is 7 learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a 8 . They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to 9 them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to 10 what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. 11 communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the 12 of every word. Finally, successful language learners are learners with a 13 . They want to learn the language because they are 14 in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practise using the language 15 because they want to learn with it. 1．A．build up B．put up C．pick up D．make up 2．A．allows B．encourages C．signals D．makes 3．A．understand B．discover C．research D．uncover 4．A．enthusiastic B．unconscious C．independent D．particular 5．A．Instead of B．Except for C．Regardless of D．Owing to 6．A．writers B．philosophers C．players D．guessers 7．A．appealing B．creative C．active D．optimistic 8．A．prize B．scene C．chance D．motivation 9．A．correct B．blame C．discipline D．praise 10．A．portray B．repeat C．cultivate D．reflect 11．A．Since B．Unless C．Despite D．When 12．A．meaning B．approach C．form D．skill 13．A．perspective B．view C．purpose D．thought 14．A．disappointed B．absorbed C．interested D．engaged 15．A．slowly B．quickly C．rarely D．regularly $ 分层作业 Unit 5 Period 1 Reading and Thinking & Reading for Writing 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 单句语法填空 1．Following Sommier’s suggestion on introducing Chinese (classic) to the French audience, the Beijing Vocational College of Opera and Arts (BVCOA) staged a series of appealing and innovative performances in 2005. 2． (regard) initially to be an auspicious mascot symbolizing peace and well-being, the Rabbit God carries profound cultural significance. 3．Many popular stories and poems (base) on real historical events and have been kept and spread for thousands of years. 4．These rules are (specific) designed to help learners understand the development of the ancient Chinese writing system more clearly. 5．Traditional Chinese calligraphy is widely (regard) as a special art form that shows the beauty of written language and the wisdom of ancient people. 6．The (major) of foreign students who study in China show great interest in the long history and rich culture of this country. 7．In ancient China, many important events and ideas were carefully (carve) on animal bones and stone tablets to be passed down to later generations. 8．Despite the differences, what I want to do with my Chinese students is encourage them to think, to be curious to always search for new things. 9．The issues (relate) to polite communication in English are often discussed by learners who struggle with cultural nuances. 10．A (demand) job that requires constant communication with foreign clients has pushed her to master polite English demands without sounding rude. 11．Her (describe) account of the differences in polite requests made it easy for beginners to understand when to use shorter or longer phrases. 12．Going on a group spring outing can not only enable them to get close nature and broaden their horizons, but also help improve cooperation skills. 【答案】 1．classics 2．Regarded 3．are based 4．specifically 5．regarded 6．majority 7．carved 8．and 9．related 10．demanding 11．descriptive 12．to 2、 完成句子 1．孩子们非常高兴得到红包，这是一个可以追溯到很多年前的传统。 Children are delighted at getting lucky money, and it is a tradition ________________. 2．____________________ a tree with green leaves all the year round. 那里有一棵常年长着绿色叶子的树。 3．The glass dropped onto the floor, ______________. 玻璃杯掉到了地上，摔成了碎片。 4．The whole work will_______________________ the young people. 整个工作将全部分配给这些年轻人。 5．Now, I____________________ and the new way of communication it opens. 现在，我欣赏这种沉默以及它所带来的新的交流方式。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【答案】 1．dating back to many years ago 2．There is/There stands 3．breaking into pieces 4．be divided among 5．appreciate the silence 3、 语法填空 (A) Languages have come and gone for thousands of years, but recently, the pace of disappearing has quickened. 1 (Previous), when the world was home to hunter-gatherers, small groups developed their own languages, each holding unique 2 (wise). Back then, with only 5 to 10 million people, there were around 12,000 languages. As human societies evolved, however, many of these languages 3 (destroy) by forces like globalization and industrialization. These changes pushed dominant languages such as English and Chinese to the forefront, leaving few of the original local languages able to make 4 . Today, the survival of the world’s remaining 6,800 languages is extremely 5 (challenge). Over 400 are near extinction, with only a few elderly speakers left. In communities 6 these rare languages still exist, people are working hard to preserve them. They, 7 (absorb) in recording oral traditions and creating dictionaries, are determined 8 (keep) these languages alive among the younger generation rather than allowing them to fade away. These preservation efforts not only 9 (strength) cultural diversity but also bring benefits to all humanity. They remind us that while we must adapt 10 a globalized world, we should never ignore the loss of languages. After all, the vanishing of a language means the permanent disappearance of invaluable cultural heritage that can never be replaced. 【答案】 1．Previously 2．wisdom 3．were destroyed 4．it 5．challenging 6．where 7．absorbed 8．to keep 9．strengthen 10．to 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是语言消失的现象及其影响。 1．考查副词。句意：此前，在世界尚为狩猎采集者所占据的时代，各个小群体各自发展出了自己的语言，每种语言都蕴含着独特的智慧。空格处修饰整句话，用副词previously作状语，previously意为“此前”，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Previously。 2．考查名词。句意：此前，在世界尚为狩猎采集者所占据的时代，各个小群体各自发展出了自己的语言，每种语言都蕴含着独特的智慧。unique是形容词，修饰名词，wise的名词形式是wisdom，意为“智慧”，是不可数名词，故填wisdom。 3．考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，随着人类社会的不断发展，许多此类语言因全球化和工业化等力量的影响而消亡。由by可知，句子用被动语态，描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语many of these languages是复数，因此空格处是were destroyed。故填were destroyed。 4．考查固定短语。句意：这些变化使得像英语和汉语这样的主导语言占据了主导地位，而原本的当地语言则几乎没有能够留存下来。make it是固定短语，意为“成功”，故填it。 5．考查形容词。句意：如今，世界上现存的 6800 种语言的存续状况面临着极大的挑战。空格处用形容词challenging作表语，challenging意为“有挑战性的”，故填challenging。 6．考查定语从句。句意：在这些罕见语言依然存在的社区中，人们正努力保护它们。空格处引导限制性定语从句，先行词communities指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们全身心地投入到记录口头传统和编纂词典的工作中，决心让这些语言在年轻一代中延续下去，而不是任其消亡。句中已有are，空格处用非谓语动词，They和absorb之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动意义，故填absorbed。 8．考查不定式。句意：他们全身心地投入到记录口头传统和编纂词典的工作中，决心让这些语言在年轻一代中延续下去，而不是任其消亡。be determined to do意为“决心做某事”，故填to keep。 9．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这些保护措施不仅增强了文化的多样性，也为全人类带来了益处。not only...but also...是固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”，两部分句子时态一致，由bring可知，空格处用原形，故填strengthen。 10．考查介词。句意：它们提醒我们，尽管我们必须适应全球化的世界，但我们绝不能忽视语言的消亡问题。adapt to是固定短语，意为“适应”，故填to。 (B) There are currently over 3,000 endangered languages in the world on the edge of extinction. And languages and dialects are dying at 11 alarming rate. According to National Geographic, one language disappears from the earth every 14 days, and few leave any recognizable marks. The least spoken languages in the world tend to be spoken only by a few elders of small 12 (community). Learning a dying language rarely appeals to people 13 try to secure their place in a global economy, so younger generations aren’t typically learning these languages 14 their parents or grandparents. Most of these endangered languages also lack a writing system, 15 (make) their preservation an even bigger challenge. In this landscape of 16 (amaze) loss, institutions and projects are trying to save what is left. The Endangered Languages Documentation Programme 17 (establish) in 2002 with the aim of preserving languages threatened by extinction. It not only funds individual projects developed by scholars, 18 provides training in London and around the world to help prepare the methods 19 (require) for research work. The purpose of documenting languages must not 20 (simple) be to pin(钉) them to the wall like butterflies. 【答案】 11．an 12．communities 13．who/that 14．from 15．making 16．amazing 17．was established 18．but 19．required 20．simply 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了目前世界上有大量濒危语言濒临灭绝的现状、背后的原因，并说明相关机构和项目正采取措施保护这些濒危语言，同时指出记录语言的目的并非单纯留存，而是有更深层意义。 【详解】11．考查冠词。句意：语言和方言正以惊人的速度消亡。固定搭配at a...rate(以……的速度)，且alarming是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 12．考查名词复数。句意：世界上使用人数最少的语言往往只有小社区的少数老人使用。community为可数名词，前无限定词，且结合语境指多个小社区，应用复数形式。故填communities。 13．考查定语从句。句意：学习一门即将消亡的语言很难吸引那些想要在全球经济中站稳脚跟的人。空格处引导限定性定语从句，先行词为people，为人，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。 14．考查介词。句意：因此年轻一代通常不会从父母或祖父母那里学习这些语言。固定搭配learn sth. from sb.(从某人那里学习某物)。故填from。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些濒危语言大多也没有书写体系，这使得对它们的保护成为更大的挑战。分析句子结构，句子已有谓语动词lack，且与所给动词之间无连词，空处需用非谓语形式。此处作结果状语，“Most of these endangered languages also lack a writing system”与“make”之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，作结果状语，表自然的结果。故填making。 16．考查形容词。句意：在这场令人震惊的语言流失背景下，各类机构和项目正努力拯救现存的语言。空格处修饰名词loss，应用形容词amazing“令人震惊的”。故填amazing。 17．考查动词语态。句意：濒危语言记录计划于2002年成立，其目的是保护濒临灭绝的语言。根据时间状语“in 2002”可知，应用一般过去时，且主语“The Endangered Languages Documentation Programme”与“establish”之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was established。 18．考查连词。句意：它不仅为学者开展的独立项目提供资金，还在伦敦及全球各地提供培训，帮助准备研究工作所需的方法。固定搭配not only...but (also)...(不仅……而且……)。故填but。 19．考查非谓语动词。句意：它不仅为学者开展的独立项目提供资金，还在伦敦及全球各地提供培训，帮助准备研究工作所需的方法。空格处修饰名词“methods”，“methods”与“require”之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填required。 20．考查副词。句意：记录语言的目的绝不能仅仅是像钉蝴蝶标本一样把它们固定起来。空格处修饰动词“be”，应用副词simply“仅仅，只不过”，作状语。故填simply。 4、 阅读理解 (A) The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed. Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is effective. Students who successfully complete the programme will receive one credit each. Requirements for completion: •One welcoming session on the second Friday of the term •18 weekly one-hour pair meetings •Weekly progress reports for all pair meetings •At least three pair-teacher meetings •One five-minute final video Sign up! The sign-up and registration process is as follows: •Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning. •Based on the information entered by each student, potential pairs are identified. •Proficiency (熟练) levels are confirmed through coursework or placement tests. •Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme. Reminders: Signing up for the programme does not automatically mean that you will be able to register and participate. Pairs are matched by languages of interest and proficiency levels. Since there are many factors involved in the pairing process, not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme. 1．In the programme, students will _________. A．chair daily meetings B．evaluate the exchange C．meet teachers each week D．practise their language skills 2．To complete the programme, students are required to _________. A．development tests B．participate in pair meetings C．welcome new students D．work on weekly videos 3．What do students need to do during the registration? A．Indicate their languages of interest. B．Select their own coursework. C．Make individual contact. D．Choose their partners. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项语言交流项目的基本情况以及它的要求、报名和注册流程以及注意事项的相关信息。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed.(语言交流项目让学生们两人一组，每周用他们希望分享和学习的两种不同的语言进行交流。学生们在每次搭档会议后记录简短的条目，指出所练习的语言技能和讨论的主题)”可知，在这个项目中，学生们将练习他们的语言技能。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据Requirements for completion部分第二点“18 weekly one-hour pair meetings(每周18次一小时的配对会议)”可知，为了完成该项目，学生们被要求参加配对会议。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据Sign up部分第一点“Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning.(学生们报名参加并表明他们可以分享的语言以及他们有兴趣学习的语言)”可知，学生们在注册期间需要表明他们感兴趣的语言。故选A。 (B) Why English Is Changing English is one of the most popular languages in the world. But it’s not a “still” language — it changes all the time. One big reason for the change is other languages. When people from different countries talk in English, they bring words from their own languages. For example, “tea” comes from Chinese “cha”, “pizza” from Italian, and “milkshake” from American English. These “borrowed words” make English more colorful. Technology also makes English change. With the internet, many new words appear. Words like “e-mail”, “chat” and “online” didn’t exist 20 years ago, but now we use them every day. People also use short forms when chatting, like “BRB” for “be right back”. Education helps too. More and more people learn English as a second language. They use English in ways that fit their cultures. For example, in China, students say “open the light” to mean “turn on the light” — native speakers don’t say this, but it’s easy to understand. Some people worry that changes will make English “bad”. But language experts say change is natural. Just like English 100 years ago is different from today’s English, it will keep changing. What’s important is that English can still help people talk to each other. 4．What does the underlined word “still” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Slow. B．Easy. C．Unchanging. D．Popular. 5．Which word is a “borrowed word” from Chinese? A．Tea. B．Pizza. C．E-mail. D．Chat. 6．How does technology change English? A．It makes English hard to learn. B．It brings new words and short forms. C．It stops people from using English. D．It makes English only for the young. 7．What do language experts think of English change? A．It’s a bad thing. B．It’s only from students. C．It can be stopped. D．It’s a natural thing. 【答案】4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 【导语】文章主要讲述英语处于不断变化之中，并分析其变化的原因以及专家对此的看法。 【详解】4．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“English is one of the most popular languages in the world. But it’s not a “still” language — it changes all the time.(英语是世界上最受欢迎的语言之一。但它不是一种“still”语言 —— 它一直在变化。)”可知，英语不是一种不变的语言，still此处含义为“不变的”，与Unchanging意义相近。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“For example, “tea” comes from Chinese “cha”, “pizza” from Italian, and “milkshake” from American English.(例如，“tea”来源于汉语的“茶”，“pizza”来自意大利语，“milkshake”来自美式英语。)”可知，tea是来源于汉语的外来词。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“With the internet, many new words appear. Words like “e‑mail”, “chat” and “online” didn’t exist 20 years ago, but now we use them every day. People also use short forms when chatting, like “BRB” for “be right back”.(随着互联网的出现，许多新词汇应运而生。像“e‑mail”、“chat”和“online”这类词汇20年前并不存在，但现在我们每天都在使用。人们聊天时还会使用缩写形式，例如用“BRB”表示“马上回来”。)”可知，科技通过带来新词汇和缩写形式改变英语。 7．细节理解题。根据第五段中“But language experts say change is natural.(但是语言专家说变化是自然的。)”可知，语言专家认为英语的变化是一件自然的事情。 (C) There are various ways in which to read body language so that you can understand how someone is feeling. Reading emotional clues is one of them. Crying is considered to be caused by an explosion of emotion in most cultures. Oftentimes crying is considered a sign of sadness, but crying can also be an expression of happiness. Crying can also come about through laughter and humor. Thus, when judging crying, you’ll need to look for other signs to determine the meaning of the crying. Crying can also be forced in order to gain sympathy or to cheat others. This practice is known as “crocodile tears”, an expression that draws on the wrong idea that crocodiles “cry” when catching prey (猎物). Signs of threat include V-shaped eyebrows, wide eyes, and an open or down-turned mouth. In a similar way, arms tightly crossed over the other is a common sign that the person is angry and is closing himself off to you. When people show anxiety, they display increased facial movements, and their mouths are pressed into a thin line. Individuals who are anxious may also play with their hands, unable to keep them in one spot. Besides, anxious people may unconsciously tap their feet or have restless legs. Embarrassment can be expressed by turning the eyes or shifting them away. If someone looks down at the floor a lot, they are probably shy, afraid, or embarrassed. People also tend to look down when they are upset or trying to hide something emotional. People are often thinking and feeling unpleasant emotions when they are in the process of staring at the ground. There are also some signs of pride. People show pride by displaying a small smile, holding their head backward, and putting their hands on their hips. 8．In what situation may one have “crocodile tears”? A．When he is sad. B．When he cheats others. C．When he supports others. D．When he is angry. 9．What might a man do when angry? A．Shape his eyebrows into a “w”. B．Sigh heavily. C．Cross his arms tightly. D．Open his eyes wide. 10．What do we know about the emotional clues in the passage? A．Most of them show negative feelings. B．They usually express positive emotions. C．They can be controlled well by humans. D．They are good for people’s health. 11．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to use body languages? B．What are body languages? C．What expressive emotions do we have? D．How to read emotional clues? 【答案】8．B 9．C 10．A 11．D 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了可通过情绪线索解读肢体语言，列举哭泣、愤怒、焦虑、尴尬、骄傲对应的各类身体信号，帮助我们判断他人真实的内心情绪。 【详解】8．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Crying can also come about through laughter and humor. Thus, when judging crying, you’ll need to look for other signs to determine the meaning of the crying. Crying can also be forced in order to gain sympathy or to cheat others. This practice is known as “crocodile tears”, an expression that draws on the wrong idea that crocodiles “cry” when catching prey (猎物). (哭泣也可能通过笑声和幽默来表现。因此，在判断哭泣时，你需要寻找其他迹象来确定其含义。人们也可能为了博取同情或欺骗他人而刻意假装哭泣。这种做法被称为“鳄鱼的眼泪”，这一表达源自鳄鱼捕猎时会‘哭泣’的错误认知。)”可知，“鳄鱼的眼泪”特指为博取同情、欺骗他人而假装流出的眼泪，因此人在欺骗他人时可能会出现“鳄鱼的眼泪”。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In a similar way, arms tightly crossed over the other is a common sign that the person is angry and is closing himself off to you. (同样地，双臂紧紧交叉于胸前，通常是此人感到愤怒并试图与你保持距离的常见表现。)”可知，双臂紧紧交叉是人生气、对他人持封闭态度的典型肢体信号。 10．推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文提到的情绪线索包括：哭泣（以悲伤为主）、愤怒、焦虑、尴尬、骄傲。其中悲伤、愤怒、焦虑、尴尬均为负面情绪，仅骄傲、喜极而泣属于正面情绪，因此大部分情绪线索都指向负面感受。 11．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“There are various ways in which to read body language so that you can understand how someone is feeling. Reading emotional clues is one of them. (有多种方式可以解读肢体语言，从而了解一个人的情绪状态。其中一种方法就是解读情绪线索。)”可知，文章开篇点明“解读情绪线索是读懂肢体语言的方式之一”，后文依次介绍了哭泣、愤怒、焦虑、尴尬、骄傲等多种情绪对应的肢体表现，核心围绕“如何通过肢体信号解读情绪线索”展开，由此可知，这篇文章最好的标题是“如何解读情感线索？”。 (D) The US teenager Thomas Cheatham had planned to study Latin during his time at Hebron High School in Texas. However, when he learned that the school district was going to offer a Mandarin (普通话) class, he quickly changed his mind. “I thought Mandarin would be more beneficial than Latin,” said Cheatham, who is now in his second year of studying the language. He speaks Mandarin to order food at Chinese restaurants and can read social media posts from his Chinese-speaking friends. While it is a difficult language to master, the high school junior, who plans to study computer engineering, thinks it will be important for his career. “Chinese is a good language to know, especially with China becoming a growing power,” he said. Many experts agree that proficiency in a language spoken by a billion people worldwide will give American students an edge in the global economy. “People are looking at China as our next economic competitor, and interest in Mandarin is growing,” said Marty Abbott, executive director of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages. “We’re seeing it in all parts of the country.” Abbott estimates that as many as 100,000 students are now studying Mandarin throughout the US, in public and private schools. She said the US government had designated (指定) Mandarin as a “critical needs” language and provided professional development programs for teachers. “Our government wants to increase our language competency for national security (安全) and economic competitiveness,” Abbott said. At the same time, the Chinese government is spreading knowledge of the Chinese language and culture through Confucius Institutes established in many US states. For example, the Confucius Institute at the University of Texas in Dallas has been the home of a Confucius Institute for 10 years. It sponsors (赞助) Confucius Classrooms at 21 local public and private schools, where tens of thousands of students are learning Mandarin. 12．Thomas Cheatham decided to study Mandarin instead of Latin because he thought ___________. A．Mandarin was easier to learn than Latin B．Mandarin might help him learn more about Chinese food C．Mandarin could enable him to make more friends online D．Mandarin could have more advantages in his future career 13．The underlined word “proficiency” in Paragraph 4 probably means _________. A．strong interest B．great skill C．lack of practice D．a level of difficulty 14．Which of the following statements might Marty Abbott agree with? A．Mandarin should be taught in every classroom throughout the US. B．The US government’s policy has helped popularize (普及) Mandarin in the US. C．Many Americans learn Mandarin because they worry about their national history. D．Those competent at Chinese will be the most competitive in the US in the future. 15．What is the main idea of the article? A．The rising popularity of Mandarin among American students. B．The influence of China’s growing power on Americans. C．The benefits of learning Mandarin for Americans. D．How Confucius Institutes in the US help promote Mandarin. 【答案】12．D 13．B 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文以一个美国学生的经历为例来讲述随着中国经济的发展，越来越多的美国人开始学习普通话，许多美国人也意识到普通话的重要性，随着孔子学院的开办，很多美国学生学习汉语。 【详解】12．细节理解题。根据第三段“While it is a difficult language to master, the high school junior, who plans to study computer engineering, thinks it will be important for his career. (尽管这是一门很难掌握的语言，但这个打算学习计算机工程的高中生认为这对他的职业发展很重要)”可知，Thomas Cheatham决定学习汉语而不是拉丁语，因为他认为在他未来的职业生涯中，普通话可能有更多的优势。 13．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Many experts agree that proficiency in a language spoken by a billion people worldwide will give American students an edge in the global economy. (许多专家一致认为，proficiency掌握世界上十亿人所说的语言将使美国学生在全球经济中占据优势)”可知，熟练掌握语言才能拥有竞争优势。所以判断出proficiency的意思是“高超的技能”。 14．推理判断题。根据第五段“She said the US government had designated (指定) Mandarin as a “critical needs” language and provided professional development programs for teachers (她说，美国政府已将普通话定为“需求”语言，并为教师提供了专业发展项目)”可知，美国政府的政策帮助了普通话在美国的普及。所以Marty Abbott可能同意“美国政府的政策帮助了普通话在美国的普及”。 15．主旨大意题。本文主要以一个美国学生的经历为例来讲述随着中国经济的发展，越来越多的美国人开始学习普通话，许多美国人也意识到普通话的重要性，随着孔子学院的开办，很多美国学生学习汉语，所以判断出短文都在说明普通话在美国学生中日益流行。 5、 七选五 (A) An AI-generated image posted online shows Albert Einstein riding a neon-lit hoverboard across a pizza-shaped planet. Upon seeing those funny but mindless pictures, people seem to be drawn into a strange circle. They can’t help but repeatedly view similar pictures and enjoy the process, as if addicted. You could say that this is harmless. But what is it adding to the world? 1 The term has been named Oxford’s Word of the Year 2024. Brain rot is when someone’s mental or intellectual state gets worse, especially as a result of overconsuming low-quality, low-value online content, which is considered trivial. 2 Initially gaining attraction on social media platform, brain rot is now seeing more widespread use. The term increased in usage frequency by 230% between 2023 and 2024. 3 As Oxford University Press notes on its website, the first recorded use of brain rot is found in Thoreau’s 1854 book Walden. Thoreau criticizes society’s tendency to devalue (使贬值) ideas. 4 “While England tries to cure the potato rot, will no effort be made to cure the brain rot, which is much more widespread and deadly?” The line between our digital and real lives has faded over time — arguably for the worse. 5 The best thing we can do is see this blended existence as life itself, and know that whatever feeling we are dealing with is a version of what Thoreau dealt with 170 years ago. Only slightly more stupid. A．Now it is all but gone. B．This content causes “brain rot”. C．He sees it as a sign of mental decline. D．Online-offline distinction strengthens over time. E．It originates in meaningless and soulless content. F．Though seemingly modern, “brain rot” dates back to Henry David Thoreau. G．Its roots lie in viral challenges prioritizing clicks over meaningful engagement. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．F 4．C 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，牛津大学出版社将“脑腐”选为2024年年度词汇。文章介绍了“脑腐”产生的原因和治疗方式等。 【详解】1．上文“But what is it adding to the world?(但它给世界带来了什么？)”等内容，介绍一种现象并提出问题：它给世界带来了什么？下文“The term has been named Oxford’s Word of the Year 2024. Brain rot is…(这个词被评为《牛津词典》2024年度词汇。脑腐指的是……)”提到“脑腐”一词，B项“这种内容会导致‘脑腐’”符合语境，下文的“The term”指代B项中“brain rot”，故选B。 2．上文“Brain rot is when someone’s mental or intellectual state gets worse, especially as a result of overconsuming low-quality, low-value online content, which is considered trivial.(脑腐指的是某人的精神或智力状态恶化，尤其是由于过度消费低质量、低价值的网络内容，这些内容被认为是微不足道的)”解释“脑腐”的定义，E项“它起源于无意义的、没有灵魂的内容”进一步阐释其来源，符合语境，故选E。 3．根据下文“As Oxford University Press notes on its website, the first recorded use of brain rot is found in Thoreau’s 1854 book Walden. Thoreau criticizes society’s tendency to devalue (使贬值) ideas.(牛津大学出版社在其网站上指出，第一次使用‘脑腐’一词是在Thoreau 1854年的著作《瓦尔登湖》中)”可知，此处是在描述“脑腐”的起源，F项“虽然看起来很现代，但‘脑腐’一词可以追溯到亨利·大卫·梭罗”符合语境，故选F。 4．根据上文“Thoreau criticizes society’s tendency to devalue (使贬值) ideas.(梭罗批评社会贬低思想价值的倾向)”可知，梭罗批评社会贬低思想价值的倾向，C项“他认为这是精神衰退的迹象”承接上文，进一步阐释梭罗的看法，故选C。 5．根据上文“The line between our digital and real lives has faded over time — arguably for the worse.(随着时间的推移，我们的数字生活和现实生活之间的界限越来越模糊——可以说是越来越糟)”和下文“The best thing we can do is see this blended existence as life itself(我们能做的最好的事情就是把这种混合的存在视为生活本身)”可知，上文提到数字生活和现实生活之间的界限越来越模糊，下文提到两者混合，故它们之间的界限消失了，A项“现在它几乎消失了”符合语境，故选A。 (B) Many people give up learning a foreign language because they hold some wrong ideas about it. These wrong beliefs prevent them from stepping out of their comfort zone and experiencing the joy of language learning. 6 Language experts have summed up several common misunderstandings and explained the truth behind them. The first misunderstanding links language learning only to grammar and vocabulary. There is no doubt that grammar and vocabulary lay a solid foundation for language learning, yet language is essentially a tool for daily communication. When picking up a new language, we can get a chance to explore diverse histories, cultures and lifestyles. 7 The second one holds that mistakes in language learning are embarrassing and should be avoided. Traditional classroom learning always stresses accuracy (精确度) above everything else. 8 Even native speakers make errors in daily talks, and small mistakes will not prevent effective communication at all. So we should focus more on expressing ourselves rather than fearing mistakes. Thirdly, some people believe it is tough to learn one new language, let alone two. 9 Actually, school-taught languages may not suit your life needs as an adult. So, choosing a language based on personal interest helps maintain motivation and persistence through learning difficulties. 10 Group learning brings better progress and experience. You can join conversation groups, chat on online forums or learn together with your family members. Modern learning apps also make group study easy and enjoyable. With flexible learning schedules and clear goals, language learning can become a relaxing and rewarding experience. A．But things are quite different in real-life communication. B．Luckily, it is never too late to correct these false views. C．Learners tend to prefer fluency to accuracy in daily study. D．Besides, language learning is wrongly seen as an individual task. E．People often ignore the cultural value behind language learning. F．They keep using the same language learned in school and never dare to try a second one. G．We can also build cross-cultural communication skills via relevant music, movies and books. 【答案】6．B 7．G 8．A 9．F 10．D 【导语】文章主要纠正了关于外语学习的三种常见误解，指出语言学习的文化价值，倡导勇于试错并提倡小组合作学习。 【详解】6．上文“These wrong beliefs prevent them from stepping out of their comfort zone and experiencing the joy of language learning.(这些错误观念阻碍了他们走出舒适区，体验语言学习的乐趣)”指出了错误观念的负面影响。空后“Language experts have summed up several common misunderstandings and explained the truth behind them.(语言专家总结了几个常见的误解，并解释了背后的真相)”引出了专家对误区的纠正。选项B“Luckily, it is never too late to correct these false views.(幸运的是，纠正这些错误观点永远为时不晚)”既承接了上文的错误观念，又引出了下文的专家解释，起到了承上启下的作用，符合语境。 7．上文“When picking up a new language, we can get a chance to explore diverse histories, cultures and lifestyles.(在学习一门新语言时，我们有机会探索多样的历史、文化和生活方式)”提到了语言学习的文化层面。选项G“We can also build cross-cultural communication skills via relevant music, movies and books.(我们还可以通过相关的音乐、电影和书籍培养跨文化交流技能)”中的“also”承接上文，进一步列举了通过语言学习接触文化的其他方式，与上文内容形成递进，符合语境。 8．上文“Traditional classroom learning always stresses accuracy (精确度) above everything else.(传统的课堂学习总是把准确度放在首位)”指出了传统教学的特点。下文“Even native speakers make errors in daily talks, and small mistakes will not prevent effective communication at all.(即使是母语人士在日常交谈中也会出错，小错误根本不会阻碍有效沟通)”指出了现实交流中对错误的包容。选项A“But things are quite different in real-life communication.(但在现实生活的交流中，情况截然不同)”中的“But”形成转折，完美地连接了死板的课堂规则和灵活的日常交流，符合语境。 9．上文“Thirdly, some people believe it is tough to learn one new language, let alone two.(第三，有些人认为学一门新语言就很难了，更别说两门了)”提到了人们对学习多门语言的畏难情绪。选项F“They keep using the same language learned in school and never dare to try a second one.(他们一直使用在学校学到的同一种语言，从来不敢尝试第二种)”是对上文畏难情绪导致的具体行为结果的阐述，逻辑连贯，符合语境。 10．下文“Group learning brings better progress and experience.(小组学习带来更好的进步和体验)”以及后文提到的加入会话小组、在线论坛等，均围绕“集体学习”展开。选项D“Besides, language learning is wrongly seen as an individual task.(此外，语言学习被错误地视为一项个人任务)”指出了最后一个误解，即忽视协作，与下文提倡的小组学习形成鲜明对比，适合作为本段的主旨句，符合语境。 6、 完形填空 Ways to Learn the Language Well Some people seem to have a gift for learning languages. They can 1 new vocabulary, master rules of grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. They do not seem to be any cleverer than others, so what 2 language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may 3 a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them. First of all, successful language learners are 4 learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher: they discover their own way to learn the language. 5 waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good 6 who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from their mistakes. Successful language learning is 7 learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a 8 . They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to 9 them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to 10 what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. 11 communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the 12 of every word. Finally, successful language learners are learners with a 13 . They want to learn the language because they are 14 in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practise using the language 15 because they want to learn with it. 1．A．build up B．put up C．pick up D．make up 2．A．allows B．encourages C．signals D．makes 3．A．understand B．discover C．research D．uncover 4．A．enthusiastic B．unconscious C．independent D．particular 5．A．Instead of B．Except for C．Regardless of D．Owing to 6．A．writers B．philosophers C．players D．guessers 7．A．appealing B．creative C．active D．optimistic 8．A．prize B．scene C．chance D．motivation 9．A．correct B．blame C．discipline D．praise 10．A．portray B．repeat C．cultivate D．reflect 11．A．Since B．Unless C．Despite D．When 12．A．meaning B．approach C．form D．skill 13．A．perspective B．view C．purpose D．thought 14．A．disappointed B．absorbed C．interested D．engaged 15．A．slowly B．quickly C．rarely D．regularly 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．C 15．D 【导语】文章主要分析了成功语言学习者的共同特点，介绍了几种让语言学习变得更轻松的有效方法。 【详解】1．考查动词短语。​句意：他们能更快地学会新词汇、掌握语法规则并学会用新语言写作。A. build up建立；B. put up张贴；C. pick up学会；D. make up组成。根据上文“Some people seem to have a gift for learning languages.”可知，有语言天赋的人能够更快地学会词汇。 2．考查动词。​句意：他们看起来并不比别人聪明，那么是什么让语言学习对他们来说变得如此容易呢？A. allows允许；B. encourages鼓励；C. signals发信号；D. makes使得。此处为“make+宾语+形容词”是固定结构，意为“使……变得……”。 3．考查动词。​句意：也许如果我们仔细观察这些成功的语言学习者，我们就能发现一些让他们学习更轻松的技巧。A. understand理解；B. discover发现；C. research研究；D. uncover揭露。根据上文“if we take a close look at these successful language learners”可知，此处指通过观察找到规律或方法。 4．考查形容词。​句意：首先，成功的语言学习者是独立的学习者。A. enthusiastic热情的；B. unconscious无意识的；C. independent独立的；D. particular特别的。根据下文“They do not depend on the book or the teacher”可知，他们不依赖书本和老师，即独立学习。 5．考查介词短语。​句意：而不是等待老师解释，他们试图自己找出模式和规则。A. Instead of而不是；B. Except for除了；C. Regardless of不管；D. Owing to由于。根据下文“they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves”可知，此处表示对比，强调他们主动学习而非被动等待。 6．考查名词。​句意：他们是善于推测的人，会寻找线索并形成自己的结论。A. writers作家；B. philosophers哲学家；C. players玩家；D. guessers猜测者。根据下文“When they guess wrong, they guess again”可知，猜错了就再猜一次，从错误中学习，他们擅长通过线索进行推测，即他们是善于推测的人。 7．考查形容词。​句意：成功的语言学习是主动的学习。A. appealing吸引人的；B. creative创造性的；C. active主动的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据下文“Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language”可知，他们主动寻找机会练习，而非被动等待。 8．考查名词。​句意：因此，成功的学习者不会等待使用语言的机会，而是主动寻找这样的机会。A. prize奖品；B. scene场景；C. chance机会；D. motivation动机。此处呼应前文“do not wait for a chance”，指主动寻找练习的机会。 9．考查动词。​句意：他们找来说这种语言的人，并请这些人在他们犯错时纠正他们。A. correct纠正；B. blame责备；C. discipline训导；D. praise表扬。根据下文“when they make a mistake”可知，犯错时需要有人纠正。 10．考查动词。​句意：他们不害怕重复听到的内容或者说奇怪的话；他们愿意犯错并再次尝试。A. portray描绘；B. repeat重复；C. cultivate培养；D. reflect反映。根据下文“what they hear or to say strange things”可知，在语言学习的口语练习场景中，学习者常会通过重复听到的内容来巩固表达。 11．考查连词。​句意：当交流变得困难时，他们能接受不准确或不完整的信息。A. Since自从；B. Unless除非；C. Despite尽管；D. When当……时。此处引导时间状语从句，表示在交流困难的情况下。 12．考查名词。​句意：对他们来说，学会用这种语言思考比知道每个单词的意思更重要。A. meaning意思；B. approach方法；C. form形式；D. skill技能。根据上文“It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than”可知，学习语言时，理解单词的意思是基础，但文章强调更高阶的“用语言思考”。 13．考查名词。​句意：最后，成功的语言学习者是有目标的学习者。A. perspective视角；B. view观点；C. purpose目的；D. thought想法。根据下文“They want to learn the language because they are  ________  in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them.”可知，他们的学习有清晰的目标支撑。with a purpose指“有明确的目标”。 14．考查形容词。​句意：他们想学习这门语言，因为他们对这门语言和说该语言的人感兴趣。A. disappointed失望的；B. absorbed专注的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. engaged忙碌的。根据上文“They want to learn the language”可知，他们想要学习这门语言，说明他们对此感兴趣。be interested in是固定搭配，意为“对……感兴趣”，成功学习者对该语言及说该语言的人感兴趣、有交流和学习的内在动力。 15．考查副词。​句意：他们发现定期练习使用这门语言很容易，因为他们想用它来学习。A. slowly缓慢地；B. quickly快速地；C. rarely罕见地；D. regularly定期地。根据上文“They find it easy to practise using the language”结合语言学习的规律可知，想要学好语言需要长期、规律地进行练习。 $