Unit 4 Reading and Thinking & Reading for Writing（阅读课课件）英语人教版必修第一册

该高中英语课件围绕“自然灾害”主题，整合Reading and Thinking与Reading for Writing内容，通过图片、视频导入台风、洪水等灾难场景，引导学生描述地震惨状，结合Pre-reading词汇匹配与完形填空铺垫语言基础，再以While-Reading分析唐山地震纪实与印度洋海啸新闻的结构、主旨及细节，Post-Reading进行文本分析与语言构建，最终以续写灾难经历为作业，形成递进式学习支架。 其亮点在于多模态情境激活语言能力，通过两篇文本（纪实与新闻）的结构对比（时间线与倒金字塔）培养思维品质，语言构建模块系统讲解短语与高级句式（如as if句型、定语从句）并设计转换练习，作业实现读写结合。这既提升学生的语言理解与表达能力，又助其学会分析与解决问题，教师可直接利用完整教学流程与丰富活动设计提升教学效率。

Unit 4 Natural Disasters 高中英语人教版必修第一册 Reading and Thinking & Reading for Writing 阅读课 Contents 1. Lead in 2. Pre-reading 3. While-Reading-Text1 4. Post-Reading-Text1 Analysis 5. While-Reading-Text2 6. Post-Reading-Text2 Analysis 7. Post-Reading-Language Building 8. Homework 01. Lead in Lead-in Lead in typhoon Lead-in Lead in flood Lead-in Lead in earthquake Lead-in Lead in tsunami Watch the video Can you describe how terrible the earthquake was? ADD RELATED TITLE WORDS The city lay in ruins. 9 Can you describe how terrible the earthquake was? ADD RELATED TITLE WORDS The buildings fell down. 10 Can you describe how terrible the earthquake was? ADD RELATED TITLE WORDS Roads cracked. 11 Can you describe how terrible the earthquake was? ADD RELATED TITLE WORDS Many people were killed or injured. 12 02. Pre-reading A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP What’s the main idea of the text? An earthquake happened in Tangshan in 1976. Matching Exercise 1.wisdom A. power used to provide light and operate machines 2.rescue B. to save somebody from a dangerous situation 3.percent C. the end of a person’s life 4.survive D. to take goods, letters or supplies to a person or place 5.electricity E. to experience pain, illness, loss or difficulty 6.strike F. to continue to live after a dangerous event 7.damage G. good judgement gained from knowledge and experience 8.deliver H. harm that makes something less useful or valuable 9.breathe I. to hit a person or place suddenly and violently 10.metal J. a number or amount out of every hundred 11.unify K. a hard material such as iron, gold or steel 12.death L. to join people or groups together as one 13.suffer M. to take air into the lungs and send it out again Pre-reading Pre-reading Last summer, a powerful earthquake became a terrible 1. __________（灾难）in a coastal city. The quake reached a 2. __________（震级）of 7.8. Deep 3. __________（裂缝）appeared in the roads, and many buildings were 4. __________（摧毁）, leaving large parts of the city 5. __________（严重受损；破败不堪）. Many people were 6. __________（震惊）, while some residents were 7. __________（困住）under fallen bricks. Rescue teams worked through the night to dig them out and 8. __________（埋葬）the dead. Temporary 9. __________（避难处）were built for those who had lost their homes. Soon afterwards, huge waves 10. __________（彻底冲走）houses near the coast and 11. __________（影响）thousands of families. International 12. __________（援助）arrived quickly, bringing food, water and medical 13. __________（补给品）. With the tireless 14. __________（努力）of local people and rescue workers, the city slowly began to 15. __________（复苏）. disaster magnitude cracks destroyed in ruins in shock trapped bury shelters swept away affected aid supplies efforts revive 03. While-reading-Text1 Read for structure While-reading Part 1 (Para. 1): Before the earthquake. Part 2 (Para. 2-3): During the earthquake. Part 3 (Para. 4-5): After the earthquake. Read for main idea While-reading Read the text quickly and write down the main idea of each paragraph. Paragraph 1: __________________________________________ Paragraph 2: __________________________________________ Paragraph 3: __________________________________________ Paragraph 4: __________________________________________ Paragraph 5: __________________________________________ Warning signs before the earthquake. The huge destruction caused by the earthquake. The serious damage and ruins of the city. Rescue efforts from soldiers, doctors, and workers. The revival and rebuilding of a new Tangshan. Details Before Strange things happened. Water in the wells 1. __________ and fell. Chickens and pigs were too 2. __________ to eat. Mice ran out of the fields, and fish jumped out of the water. Bright lights were seen and loud 3. __________ were heard. During At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. A huge 4. __________, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses. In less than one minute, a large city lay in 5. __________. Over 6. __________ people were killed or badly injured. After Nearly everything was destroyed. 75% of factories and 90% of 7. __________ were gone. People were in 8. __________ . Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. Rescue & Revival 150,000 soldiers came to dig out those who were 9. __________ and to bury the dead. 10,000 doctors and nurses came to help. The city started to 10. __________ itself and get back up on its feet. While-reading Read globally rose nervous noises crack ruins 400,000 homes shock trapped revive While-reading Read for details Read the text carefully and answer the following questions. 1.How did the people in Tangshan behave before the earthquake happened? A. They were too nervous to fall asleep. B. They were looking for safe places to hide. C. They were asleep as usual that night. D. They stayed awake to watch the bright lights. 2.What was the situation of the hospitals and bridges after the earthquake? A. Most hospitals were safe but bridges fell down. B. All hospitals were gone and most bridges were ruined. C. Hospitals were crowded and bridges were temporarily closed. D. Some hospitals were destroyed but all bridges were safe. While-reading Read for details 3.According to Paragraph 3, why was it hard for the survivors to get water from the wells? A. Because the water in the wells rose and fell repeatedly. B. Because the well walls were completely broken. C. Because the water was badly polluted by the dead animals. D. Because the wells were filled with sand instead of water. 4.How were water and food brought to the survivors after the earthquake? A. By train, truck, and plane. B. By soldiers and medical workers on foot. C. They were dug out from the ruins by volunteers. D. They were provided by the newly built shelters. While-reading Read for inference Read the two sentences from the text and choose their meanings according to the context. 1."But hope was not lost." means "________" A.None of the hope was lost. B.There was no hope at all. C. Not all hope was lost. 2. "Slowly, the city began to breathe again." means "________" A. Slowly, the wind began to blow in the city. B. Slowly, the people in the city began to breathe. C. Slowly, the city began to function again. While-reading Read for inference 3. What do you think helped in the revival of Tangshan city? 4. What should we do before / during / after a natural disaster? It was the strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people that helped in the revival of Tangshan city. Before a natural disaster: learn more knowledge about natural disasters, raise awareness of self-protection and get prepared if there are natural disaster warning signs. During a natural disaster: protect yourself and take part in the rescue work if you are safe. After a natural disaster: encourage and help other survivors and actively take part in the reconstruction work in the disaster area. 04. Post-reading-Text1 Analysis Lead-in Post Reading: Make a summary 05. While-reading-Text2 语篇对比表 While Reading-Text 2 Reading and Thinking Reading for Writing 主题(Theme) 自然灾害与城市重生 讲述1976年唐山大地震发生前的异常征兆、地震造成的严重破坏以及震后的救援与重建，表现灾难中的团结、希望和顽强生命力。 重大灾情报道 报道2004年印度洋海啸造成的大量人员伤亡和财产损失，介绍灾害发生的原因、影响以及救援工作面临的困难。 文体与结构(Structure) 文体：灾难纪实类新闻报道。结构：按照时间顺序展开。震前征兆 → 地震发生与严重破坏 → 震后救援 → 城市重建与复兴。 文体：简短新闻报道。结构：采用“倒金字塔”结构。标题概括事件 → 导语交代时间、地点和主要灾情 → 正文补充伤亡、破坏及救援等细节。 语言风格(Language) 以第三人称为主，主要使用一般过去时。通过具体数字、细节描写、拟人、比喻等手法再现灾难场景。语言生动形象，兼具客观性、感染力和鼓舞性。 以第三人称为主，主要使用一般过去时。多使用具体数字、地名、事实信息和被动语态。语言简洁、准确、客观，突出新闻报道的时效性和信息性。 Read for Structure While-reading Read the news report and match the paragraphs with their functions (News Structure). Headline & Date: __________________________________________ Lead paragraph (Para. 1): ____________________________________ Body (Para. 2 & Para. 3): ____________________________________ Ending (Para. 4): ____________________________________________ The topic, writer, and date of the news. The main event (What/when/where/who/why/how). Detailed information, statistics (数据) of casualties, and quotes (引语) from survivors. The future expectations, rescue efforts, and difficulties. Read for Content While Reading-Text 2 Read the news report carefully and answer the following questions. 1.When did the tsunami happen? 2.What caused the tsunami? 3.Why would it be difficult to deliver food and supplies? It happened around 7:00 a.m. yesterday (Sunday, 26 December 2004). It was caused by the most powerful undersea earthquake in the past 40 years that reached a magnitude of 9.0. Because of the dangerous conditions and damaged roads. Read for Language While Reading-Text 2 Passive voice to describe the impact Active verbs to describe the disaster 06. Post-reading-Text2-Analysis Post Reading-Text 2-Analysis Structure Map 倒金字塔结构 (Inverted Pyramid) While Reading-Text 2 新闻报道的典型结构。 将最核心、最重要的灾难结果放在第一段（导语），随后补充细节，最后交代后续救援。便于读者快速抓住核心信息。 列数字 (Use of Statistics) While Reading-Text 2 文中大量使用了具体的数据，如 “6,500”, “9.0”, “1,600 kilometres”, “1,900”。精准的数据增强了新闻的客观性、真实性和震撼力。 直接引语 (Direct Quotes) While Reading-Text 2 第三段引用了泰国当地妇女 Chandra Theeravit 的原话。通过幸存者的第一视角，增强了报道的现场感、画面感和情感共鸣。 被动语态的广泛使用 (Extensive Use of Passive Voice) While Reading-Text 2 如 were swept away, were killed 等。突出自然灾害面前人类的被动与脆弱，强调受到灾害影响的对象（受害者与财物）。 07. Post-reading- Language Building Post-reading-Language Building 一、短语翻译 1.warning signs before the earthquake _____________ 2.rise and fall _____________ 3.refuse to do something _____________ 4.as usual _____________ 5.as if _____________ 6.come to an end _____________ 7.cut across... _____________ 8.lie in ruins _____________ 横穿……；穿过…… 结束 似乎；好像；仿佛 像往常一样 拒绝做某事 上下起伏；涨落 地震前的预警信号 成为废墟；严重受损 Post-reading-Language Building 一、短语翻译 9.be in shock _____________ 10.dig out those who are trapped _____________ 11.provide medical care _____________ 12.get back up on one’s feet _____________ 13.be swept away by huge waves _____________ 14.run to safety _____________ 15.deliver food and supplies _____________ 运送食物和补给品 跑到安全的地方 被巨浪冲走 重新站起来；恢复元气 提供医疗救助 挖出被困人员 震惊；吃惊 Post-reading-Language Building 二、高级句式 句式①：It seems/seemed as if...句型。基本结构为：It seems/seemed as if＋完整句子，表示“看起来似乎……”。当从句内容与事实不符或实现的可能性较小时，可以使用虚拟语气。 【课文原句】It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 看起来仿佛世界末日即将来临！ 【例句拓展】After the violent earthquake, it seemed as if the whole city had been destroyed. 强烈地震过后，看起来仿佛整座城市都被摧毁了。 Post-reading-Language Building 二、高级句式 句式②：Everywhere引导地点状语从句。基本结构为：Everywhere＋主语＋谓语，主句。everywhere在此处相当于“无论到哪里；所到之处”，可以引导地点状语从句。nothing but意为“只有；除……之外什么也没有”。 【课文原句】Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins.幸存者无论朝哪里看，看到的都只有废墟。 【例句拓展】Everywhere the rescue workers went, they saw people waiting for help.救援人员无论走到哪里，都能看到等待帮助的人。 Post-reading-Language Building 二、高级句式 句式③：whose引导的定语从句。基本结构为：名词＋whose＋名词＋谓语……，whose表示所属关系，意为“……的”，既可以指人，也可以指物。 【课文原句】Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.工人们为那些房屋被毁的幸存者搭建了避难所。 【例句拓展】Volunteers offered food and water to families whose houses had been swept away.志愿者为那些房屋被冲走的家庭提供食物和水。 Post-reading-Language Building 二、高级句式 句式④：定语从句与现在分词作结果状语。基本结构为：主句＋that/which引导的定语从句，doing...定语从句用于修饰前面的名词；句末的现在分词短语可以表示前面事件自然而然产生的结果。 【课文原句】The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries.过去40年来最强烈的地震引发了一场海啸。海啸袭击了亚洲各地的海岸线，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及至少另外四个国家的6,500多人死亡。 【例句拓展】A powerful storm struck the coastal town, destroying hundreds of houses and leaving many people homeless.一场强烈的暴风雨袭击了这座海滨城镇，摧毁了数百座房屋，并使许多人无家可归。 Post-reading-Language Building 二、高级句式 句式⑤：make it＋形容词＋to do something。基本结构为：主语＋make＋it＋形容词＋to do something。it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。该结构表示“使做某事变得……”。 【课文原句】However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，危险的环境和受损的道路将使运送食物和补给品变得困难。【例句拓展】Heavy rain made it difficult for rescue workers to reach the damaged village. 大雨使救援人员很难到达受灾村庄。 Post-reading-Language Building 三、小试牛刀 句型转换 1.The earthquake was extremely powerful. It seemed that the whole city would be destroyed. 【用as if改写句子】 The earthquake was extremely powerful. It seemed ____________________________________________. 2.Volunteers helped the survivors. Their homes had been swept away by the flood. 【用whose引导的定语从句合并】 Volunteers helped the survivors _________________________________________________. 3.A huge tsunami hit the coast and destroyed hundreds of houses. 【用现在分词短语作结果状语改写】 A huge tsunami hit the coast, _________________________________. as if the whole city would be destroyed whose homes had been swept away by the flood destroying hundreds of houses Post-reading-Language Building 三、小试牛刀 完成句子 4.救援人员无论走到哪里，都能看到受损的房屋。 ________________________________________, they saw damaged houses. 5.受损的道路使救援队很难运送食物和补给品。 The damaged roads ________________________________________ food and supplies. 6.幸存者向四周看时，看到的除了废墟什么也没有。 When the survivors looked around, there was _________________. Everywhere the rescue workers went made it difficult for the rescue teams to deliver nothing but ruins 08. Homework Lead-in Homework A holiday in Penang is an annual affair for my family. My parents grew up in Penang and are very fond of Penang food. In December every year, we would drive up to the island to spend three days visiting their favorite food haunts (常去的地方). This year, we started our journey up north on a Friday morning. It took us six hours to reach our destination. We always stayed at one of the hotels in Batu Ferringhi. The beach was just a short walk from the hotel entrance and our rooms had a lovely view of the sea. We spent our first evening playing on the beach. After dinner, we returned to our rooms to play games. My parents had a rule for our holidays which was that we were to spend time doing things together. There was to be no TV and no Internet. Lead-in Homework The next morning, we went to Bukit Bendera and then spent the rest of the afternoon in town visiting our favorite hawker stalls (小贩摊位). As we were having tea at a coffee shop, we overheard people talking about an earthquake near Sumatera, an island in Indonesia. We headed back to the hotel and then went to the beach. We took a walk along the beach, picking up seashells along the way. Looking up, I saw the sun shining brighter than I ever knew before. I saw a tree trembling in the distance as it reflected the sun’s rays. It never occurred to us that something awful would take place. Suddenly, I noticed a strange thing. The sea seemed to be leaving from the shore. I called my father to look at the curious occurrence. My father took one look and went pale. We saw a grey line in the distance moving towards the shore. It seemed to grow taller by the second. Lead-in Homework My father shouted at us to run back to the hotel. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________We waited a long time before going downstairs. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Homework 【参考范文】 My father shouted at us to run back to the hotel. He grabbed my hand and pulled me with him. As we reached the hotel gate, we heard a roaring sound behind us. Quickly, my father pushed us towards the stairs. Fear gripped us and we reached the first floor when we heard the roar of rushing water and glass breaking. My father yelled at us to keep climbing. We stopped on the fourth floor and looked down at the water below us. It had stopped rising. After some minutes, it began to drop. We waited a long time before going downstairs. Hardly had the rushing water dropped when we saw the unrecognizable hotel gate. There was dirt and broken furniture everywhere. Some people who were caught in the water were either unconscious or bursting into tears with pain. What we saw weakened our hearts and we decided to help the victims after a narrow escape. Never had I had such a thrilling yet dangerous vacation before. The special trip to Penang was deeply impressive in my mind. Thank you for your listening Lavf58.13.101 $