Unit 2 Inspiring People Section A作业集-2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 本练习通过“语基夯实+能力拓展”分层设计，以“基础积累—综合应用”为路径，覆盖词汇、语法、语篇等核心要素，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |语基夯实|34个核心词汇、16组单词变形、10个短语及4个金句|采用“背诵版+默写版”双模式，汉译英、词形转换等题型强化基础记忆，夯实语言能力根基| |能力拓展|词汇辨析、语法应用、语篇填空及主题阅读|通过单选（如look up to短语辨析）、短文填空（励志人物语境）、阅读理解（袁隆平、李时珍等单元主题人物），实现从单一知识点到综合语用的进阶，培养思维品质与文化意识|

九年级上册 Unit 2 Inspiring People Section A 语基夯实 【背诵版】（课本内容） 词汇巩固 1. inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；激励的 2. admire v. 钦佩；赞赏 3. historian n. 历史学家 4. researcher n. 研究人员 5. chemist n. 化学家 6. physicist n. 物理学家 7. hunger n. 饥饿 8. chemistry n. 化学 9. drop out (of sth) 辍学；不再参加 10. calendar n. 日历 11. discovery n. 发现 12. century n. 世纪 13. wounded adj. 受伤的；负伤的 14. soldier n. 士兵 15. British adj. 英国的；英国人的 n. 英国人 16. airway n. (飞机的)航线；航路 17. nation n. 国家；民族 18. spread n. 传播；散布 v. 传播；散布 19. disease n. 疾病 20. pioneer n. 先驱；先锋 21. admirable adj. 令人钦佩的 22. pyramid n. 金字塔 23. balance n. 平衡 v. 保持平衡 24. courage n. 勇气；勇敢 25. wisdom n. 智慧；学问 26. look up to sb 钦佩；仰慕 27. inspiration n. 鼓舞人心的人(或事物) 28. brave adj. 勇敢的；无畏的 v. 勇敢面对；经受(困难) 29. necessary adj. 必要的；必需的 30. seed n. 种子 31. childhood n. 童年 32. come true 实现；成为现实 33. dynasty n. 朝代；王朝 34. western adj. 西方的；西部的 单词变形 1. inspire(v.)→inspiring(adj.)鼓舞人心的；激励的→inspiration(n.)鼓舞人心的人(或事物) 2. admire(v.)→admirable(adj.)令人钦佩的→admiration(n.)钦佩；赞赏 3. history(n.)→historian(n.)历史学家→historical(adj.)历史的；有关历史的→historic(adj.)可名垂青史的 4. research(v. & n.)→researcher(n.)研究人员 5. chemistry(n.)→chemist(n.)化学家→chemical(adj.)化学的 6. physics(n.)→physicist(n.)物理学家→physical(adj.)身体的；物质的 7. hunger(n.)→hungry(adj.)饥饿的 8. discover(v.)→discovery(n.)发现 9. wound(n. & v.)→wounded(adj.)受伤的；负伤的 10. Britain(n.)→British(adj.)英国的；英国人的；(n.)英国人 11. nation(n.)→national(adj.)国家的；民族的 12. spread(v.)→spread(过去式)→spread(过去分词)传播；散布 13. disease(n.)→illness(同义词)疾病 14. balance(n. & v.)→balanced(adj.)均衡的；平衡的 15. wise(adj.)→wisely(adv.)聪明地；明智地→wisdom(n.)智慧；学问 16. west(n.)→western(adj.)西方的；西部的 短语归纳 1. explore the spirit of inspiring people 挖掘励志之人的精神内核 2. do research in physics and chemistry 做物理和化学领域的研究 3. drop out of school at an early age 早年辍学 4. review the Chinese calendar 审核中国历法 5. make important discoveries in physics 在物理学上有重大发现 6. develop into a modern nation 发展成为一个现代国家 7. stop the spread of diseases 阻止疾病的传播 8. a pioneer of computer science 计算机科学的先驱 9. create a beautiful balance between the East and the West 在东方和西方之间创造一种美丽的平衡 10. full of courage and wisdom 充满勇气和智慧 金句积累 1. It was great of him to develop a new kind of rice and help reduce hunger. 他研发出新型水稻、助力减少饥饿，真了不起。 2. It was amazing that he did scientific research in physics and chemistry even though he didn’t receive a formal education. 尽管他从未接受过正规教育，却依然深耕物理和化学领域的科学研究，这实在令人惊叹。 3. It was difficult for women to do that kind of work back in those days. 在那个年代，女性要做那类工作是很困难的。 4. It was really brave and admirable that he never forgot his task, and his travel also brought back valuable information about the Western Regions. 他始终没有忘记自己的使命，出使还带回了关于西域的珍贵信息，这实在是既勇敢又令人敬佩。 【默写版】 一、词汇巩固（汉译英） 1. 鼓舞人心的；激励的 ____________ 2. 钦佩；赞赏 ____________ 3. 历史学家 ____________ 4. 研究人员 ____________ 5. 化学家 ____________ 6. 物理学家 ____________ 7. 饥饿 ____________ 8. 化学 ____________ 9. 辍学；不再参加 ____________ 10. 日历 ____________ 11. 发现 ____________ 12. 世纪 ____________ 13. 受伤的；负伤的 ____________ 14. 士兵 ____________ 15. 英国的；英国人的；英国人 ____________ 16. (飞机的)航线；航路 ____________ 17. 国家；民族 ____________ 18. 传播；散布 ____________ 19. 疾病 ____________ 20. 先驱；先锋 ____________ 21. 令人钦佩的 ____________ 22. 金字塔 ____________ 23. 平衡；保持平衡 ____________ 24. 勇气；勇敢 ____________ 25. 智慧；学问 ____________ 26. 钦佩；仰慕 ____________ 27. 鼓舞人心的人(或事物) ____________ 28. 勇敢的；无畏的；勇敢面对；经受(困难) ____________ 29. 必要的；必需的 ____________ 30. 种子 ____________ 31. 童年 ____________ 32. 实现；成为现实 ____________ 33. 朝代；王朝 ____________ 34. 西方的；西部的 ____________ 二、单词变形（按提示写变形） 1. inspire (v.) → ________(adj.)鼓舞人心的；激励的 → ________(n.)鼓舞人心的人(或事物) 2. admire (v.) → ________(adj.)令人钦佩的 → ________(n.)钦佩；赞赏 3. history (n.) → ________(n.)历史学家 → ________(adj.)历史的；有关历史的 → ________(adj.)可名垂青史的 4. research (v.&n.) → ________(n.)研究人员 5. chemistry (n.) → ________(n.)化学家 → ________(adj.)化学的 6. physics (n.) → ________(n.)物理学家 → ________(adj.)身体的；物质的 7. hunger (n.) → ________(adj.)饥饿的 8. discover (v.) → ________(n.)发现 9. wound (n.&v.) → ________(adj.)受伤的；负伤的 10. Britain (n.) → ________(adj./n.)英国的；英国人的；英国人 11. nation (n.) → ________(adj.)国家的；民族的 12. spread (v.) → ________(过去式) → ________(过去分词)传播；散布 13. disease (n.) → ________(同义词)疾病 14. balance (n.&v.) → ________(adj.)均衡的；平衡的 15. wise (adj.) → ________(adv.)聪明地；明智地 → ________(n.)智慧；学问 16. west (n.) → ________(adj.)西方的；西部的 三、短语归纳（汉译英） 1. 挖掘励志之人的精神内核 ________________________ 2. 做物理和化学领域的研究 ________________________ 3. 早年辍学 ________________________ 4. 审核中国历法 ________________________ 5. 在物理学上有重大发现 ________________________ 6. 发展成为一个现代国家 ________________________ 7. 阻止疾病的传播 ________________________ 8. 计算机科学的先驱 ________________________ 9. 在东方和西方之间创造一种美丽的平衡 ________________________ 10. 充满勇气和智慧 ________________________ 四、金句积累（英译汉） 1. It was great of him to develop a new kind of rice and help reduce hunger. ______________________________________________________________________ 2. It was amazing that he did scientific research in physics and chemistry even though he didn’t receive a formal education. ______________________________________________________________________ 3. It was difficult for women to do that kind of work back in those days. ______________________________________________________________________ 4. It was really brave and admirable that he never forgot his task, and his travel also brought back valuable information about the Western Regions. ______________________________________________________________________ 能力拓展 一、单项选择 1. Many young people ____ those who stick to their dreams and make great progress. A. look up to B. look out C. look down D. look through 2. It was very ____ the volunteers to give away so much of their spare time to help others. A. for; offer B. of; to offer C. for; to offer D. of; offer 3. I wonder ____ the new community project will be finished next month. A. that B. what C. whether D. why 4. The great ____ of the ancient world changed people’s understanding of nature. A. discovery B. calendar C. period D. century 5. He had to ____ his study because his family was in great need of money. A. drop out of B. get away from C. keep away from D. run out of 6. News about local environmental protection ____ quickly among the public last spring. A. spread B. developed C. created D. discovered 7. As a ____ in the field of public health, she tried many new ways to solve common problems. A. soldier B. pioneer C. patient D. stranger 8. It is important ____ teenagers ____ good learning habits in their daily life. A. of; form B. for; form C. of; to form D. for; to form 9. —How many suggestions have you got from your classmates? —____ are practical, and others are not very useful. A. Both B. All C. Some D. None 10. The doctors tried their best to save the ____ people after the sudden accident. A. inspiring B. wounded C. admirable D. whole 二、适当形式填空 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The old scientist is really ________ (admire) for his great achievements. 2. Many people feel ________ (inspire) by the story of the brave soldier. 3. The ________ (history) research helps us know more about ancient China. 4. The little boy felt ________ (hunger) after a long‑time walk in the forest. 5. To keep healthy, we should have a ______ (balance) diet every day. 6. The ________ (discover) of new medicine saved lots of sick people. 7. He is a famous ________ (physics) who has won many prizes. 8. The old man got ________ (wound) in the war many years ago. 9. It is ________ (wise) of him to make such a decision. 10. The ________ (nation) museum attracts thousands of visitors every year. 三、短文填空 admire, spread, courage, period, science, wound, invent, wise, calendar, necessary People have many great role‑models from different 1.________ of history. These people show different good qualities to us. A 2.________ old man shared his ideas to help common people. He taught people to face difficulties with 3.________ instead of fear. Years ago, a doctor treated the 4.________ soldiers day and night. His kindness 5.________ fast across the whole country. Many young people 6.________ those who devote themselves to 7.________ research. They hope to become researchers in the future. It is 8.________ for us to learn from heroes. Some old 9.________ record great people’s stories. We should not forget what our heroes have done, and try not to 10.________ new problems for our society. 阅读短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词。 Many people look up to the great pioneer. He lived in a time when education was not easy for common people. He had to drop out of school at 1.________ early age. Though he received little schooling, he never stopped 2.________ (study). He made many important 3.________ (discover) in science. People think he is really 4.________ (admire) for his strong will. He tried to keep a good 5.________ (balanced) between work and rest. He faced lots of difficulties, but he never lost his 6.________ (courageous). He spent years working for 7.________ (he) own nation. His stories are so 8.________ (inspire) that they influence lots of young people. It is important 9.________ us to learn from such role models. Nothing can keep him 10.________ moving towards his goals. 1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________ 四、阅读理解 阅读短文，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 Many teenagers look up to Yuan Longping, a great pioneer in agriculture. He was born in 1930. When he was young, he saw many people suffer from hunger. He hoped to develop new rice so that no one would go hungry again. He had to face lots of difficulties in his research. For many years, he worked in the fields day after day. Sometimes he even slept in the fields to watch the rice plants. Though he received little support at first, he never gave up. Finally, his hard work paid off. He developed hybrid rice（杂交水稻）. It helped feed millions of people around the world. Yuan Longping was not only a scientist but also a man full of courage. He kept working until old age. He often told young people to hold on to their dreams. His spirit is still inspiring us today. 1. Why did Yuan Longping want to develop new rice? A. Because he wanted to become famous. B. Because he hoped to stop people’s hunger. C. Because he liked working in the fields. D. Because he got much money from the research. 2. What does the underlined phrase “paid off” mean in Paragraph 2? A. 得到回报 B. 付钱 C. 放弃 D. 推迟 3. What can we learn about Yuan Longping from the passage? A. He never met any difficulties in his work. B. He slept at home all the time during research. C. He kept working even when he was old. D. He got lots of support from others at the beginning. 4. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Yuan Longping was born in 1940. B. Hybrid rice helped feed many people. C. He gave up his research at last. D. He told young people to give up dreams. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The hard life of hungry people. B. How to grow rice in the fields. C. The great pioneer Yuan Longping and his spirit. D. The importance of food in our daily life. 阅读短文，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 Li Shizhen was a famous ancient Chinese medical scientist. He dropped out of school when he was young. He loved medicine and wanted to help sick people. At that time, many old medical books had mistakes. Li Shizhen decided to write a new medical book. He travelled across the country for many years. He talked with farmers, workers and doctors. He collected lots of useful information. He also tried different plants to learn about their uses. It took him 27 years to finish his great work Compendium of Materia Medica（《本草纲目》）. The book has helped doctors for hundreds of years. Though he met much trouble, he never lost his courage. His story tells us that we should keep on working for our goals. 6. Why did Li Shizhen decide to write a new medical book? A. Because old medical books had some mistakes. B. Because he wanted to make much money. C. Because he wanted to become a historian. D. Because he liked travelling around the country. 7. What did Li Shizhen do during his long trip? A. He only stayed at home reading books. B. He collected information from different people. C. He taught medicine to local farmers. D. He gave up his work because of tiredness. 8. How long did it take Li Shizhen to finish his book? A. 17 years B. 20 years C. 27 years D. 37 years 9. What can we infer（推断）from the passage? A. Li Shizhen was lazy and didn’t like hard work. B. Compendium of Materia Medica is of great value. C. He dropped out of school because he hated study. D. He never met any trouble when writing the book. 10. What can we learn from Li Shizhen’s story? A. We should give up when we meet difficulties. B. We need courage to keep on for our dreams. C. Travelling is the best way to learn medicine. D. It is easy to finish a great book. 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成文后的任务。 Wang Jinmei was a great pioneer in Chinese history. She was born in 1902. When she was young, she saw many poor people live a hard life. She hoped to change the world for the better. She had to drop out of school because of her poor family. But she never stopped learning. She read lots of books and kept on thinking about how to help people in need. Though she met lots of difficulties, she never lost her courage. She took an active part in social activities. She tried her best to fight for the rights of common people. Her short life was full of hard work. She passed away at the age of 29. However, her spirit still inspires young people today. She tells us that we should hold on to our dreams no matter what troubles we meet. 任务1：根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。 1. When was Wang Jinmei born? ______________________________________________________________________ 2. Why did Wang Jinmei drop out of school? ______________________________________________________________________ 任务2：将画线句子翻译成汉语。 3. Though she met lots of difficulties, she never lost her courage. ______________________________________________________________________ 任务3：根据短文内容，选出文章的最佳标题。 4. ________ A. A great pioneer — Wang Jinmei B. The hard life of poor people C. How to take part in social activities D. Ways to hold on to our dreams 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 九年级上册 Unit 2 Inspiring People Section A 语基夯实 【背诵版】（课本内容） 词汇巩固 1. inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；激励的 2. admire v. 钦佩；赞赏 3. historian n. 历史学家 4. researcher n. 研究人员 5. chemist n. 化学家 6. physicist n. 物理学家 7. hunger n. 饥饿 8. chemistry n. 化学 9. drop out (of sth) 辍学；不再参加 10. calendar n. 日历 11. discovery n. 发现 12. century n. 世纪 13. wounded adj. 受伤的；负伤的 14. soldier n. 士兵 15. British adj. 英国的；英国人的 n. 英国人 16. airway n. (飞机的)航线；航路 17. nation n. 国家；民族 18. spread n. 传播；散布 v. 传播；散布 19. disease n. 疾病 20. pioneer n. 先驱；先锋 21. admirable adj. 令人钦佩的 22. pyramid n. 金字塔 23. balance n. 平衡 v. 保持平衡 24. courage n. 勇气；勇敢 25. wisdom n. 智慧；学问 26. look up to sb 钦佩；仰慕 27. inspiration n. 鼓舞人心的人(或事物) 28. brave adj. 勇敢的；无畏的 v. 勇敢面对；经受(困难) 29. necessary adj. 必要的；必需的 30. seed n. 种子 31. childhood n. 童年 32. come true 实现；成为现实 33. dynasty n. 朝代；王朝 34. western adj. 西方的；西部的 单词变形 1. inspire(v.)→inspiring(adj.)鼓舞人心的；激励的→inspiration(n.)鼓舞人心的人(或事物) 2. admire(v.)→admirable(adj.)令人钦佩的→admiration(n.)钦佩；赞赏 3. history(n.)→historian(n.)历史学家→historical(adj.)历史的；有关历史的→historic(adj.)可名垂青史的 4. research(v. & n.)→researcher(n.)研究人员 5. chemistry(n.)→chemist(n.)化学家→chemical(adj.)化学的 6. physics(n.)→physicist(n.)物理学家→physical(adj.)身体的；物质的 7. hunger(n.)→hungry(adj.)饥饿的 8. discover(v.)→discovery(n.)发现 9. wound(n. & v.)→wounded(adj.)受伤的；负伤的 10. Britain(n.)→British(adj.)英国的；英国人的；(n.)英国人 11. nation(n.)→national(adj.)国家的；民族的 12. spread(v.)→spread(过去式)→spread(过去分词)传播；散布 13. disease(n.)→illness(同义词)疾病 14. balance(n. & v.)→balanced(adj.)均衡的；平衡的 15. wise(adj.)→wisely(adv.)聪明地；明智地→wisdom(n.)智慧；学问 16. west(n.)→western(adj.)西方的；西部的 短语归纳 1. explore the spirit of inspiring people 挖掘励志之人的精神内核 2. do research in physics and chemistry 做物理和化学领域的研究 3. drop out of school at an early age 早年辍学 4. review the Chinese calendar 审核中国历法 5. make important discoveries in physics 在物理学上有重大发现 6. develop into a modern nation 发展成为一个现代国家 7. stop the spread of diseases 阻止疾病的传播 8. a pioneer of computer science 计算机科学的先驱 9. create a beautiful balance between the East and the West 在东方和西方之间创造一种美丽的平衡 10. full of courage and wisdom 充满勇气和智慧 金句积累 1. It was great of him to develop a new kind of rice and help reduce hunger. 他研发出新型水稻、助力减少饥饿，真了不起。 2. It was amazing that he did scientific research in physics and chemistry even though he didn’t receive a formal education. 尽管他从未接受过正规教育，却依然深耕物理和化学领域的科学研究，这实在令人惊叹。 3. It was difficult for women to do that kind of work back in those days. 在那个年代，女性要做那类工作是很困难的。 4. It was really brave and admirable that he never forgot his task, and his travel also brought back valuable information about the Western Regions. 他始终没有忘记自己的使命，出使还带回了关于西域的珍贵信息，这实在是既勇敢又令人敬佩。 【默写版】 一、词汇巩固（汉译英） 1. 鼓舞人心的；激励的 ____________ 2. 钦佩；赞赏 ____________ 3. 历史学家 ____________ 4. 研究人员 ____________ 5. 化学家 ____________ 6. 物理学家 ____________ 7. 饥饿 ____________ 8. 化学 ____________ 9. 辍学；不再参加 ____________ 10. 日历 ____________ 11. 发现 ____________ 12. 世纪 ____________ 13. 受伤的；负伤的 ____________ 14. 士兵 ____________ 15. 英国的；英国人的；英国人 ____________ 16. (飞机的)航线；航路 ____________ 17. 国家；民族 ____________ 18. 传播；散布 ____________ 19. 疾病 ____________ 20. 先驱；先锋 ____________ 21. 令人钦佩的 ____________ 22. 金字塔 ____________ 23. 平衡；保持平衡 ____________ 24. 勇气；勇敢 ____________ 25. 智慧；学问 ____________ 26. 钦佩；仰慕 ____________ 27. 鼓舞人心的人(或事物) ____________ 28. 勇敢的；无畏的；勇敢面对；经受(困难) ____________ 29. 必要的；必需的 ____________ 30. 种子 ____________ 31. 童年 ____________ 32. 实现；成为现实 ____________ 33. 朝代；王朝 ____________ 34. 西方的；西部的 ____________ 二、单词变形（按提示写变形） 1. inspire (v.) → ________(adj.)鼓舞人心的；激励的 → ________(n.)鼓舞人心的人(或事物) 2. admire (v.) → ________(adj.)令人钦佩的 → ________(n.)钦佩；赞赏 3. history (n.) → ________(n.)历史学家 → ________(adj.)历史的；有关历史的 → ________(adj.)可名垂青史的 4. research (v.&n.) → ________(n.)研究人员 5. chemistry (n.) → ________(n.)化学家 → ________(adj.)化学的 6. physics (n.) → ________(n.)物理学家 → ________(adj.)身体的；物质的 7. hunger (n.) → ________(adj.)饥饿的 8. discover (v.) → ________(n.)发现 9. wound (n.&v.) → ________(adj.)受伤的；负伤的 10. Britain (n.) → ________(adj./n.)英国的；英国人的；英国人 11. nation (n.) → ________(adj.)国家的；民族的 12. spread (v.) → ________(过去式) → ________(过去分词)传播；散布 13. disease (n.) → ________(同义词)疾病 14. balance (n.&v.) → ________(adj.)均衡的；平衡的 15. wise (adj.) → ________(adv.)聪明地；明智地 → ________(n.)智慧；学问 16. west (n.) → ________(adj.)西方的；西部的 三、短语归纳（汉译英） 1. 挖掘励志之人的精神内核 ________________________ 2. 做物理和化学领域的研究 ________________________ 3. 早年辍学 ________________________ 4. 审核中国历法 ________________________ 5. 在物理学上有重大发现 ________________________ 6. 发展成为一个现代国家 ________________________ 7. 阻止疾病的传播 ________________________ 8. 计算机科学的先驱 ________________________ 9. 在东方和西方之间创造一种美丽的平衡 ________________________ 10. 充满勇气和智慧 ________________________ 四、金句积累（英译汉） 1. It was great of him to develop a new kind of rice and help reduce hunger. ______________________________________________________________________ 2. It was amazing that he did scientific research in physics and chemistry even though he didn’t receive a formal education. ______________________________________________________________________ 3. It was difficult for women to do that kind of work back in those days. ______________________________________________________________________ 4. It was really brave and admirable that he never forgot his task, and his travel also brought back valuable information about the Western Regions. ______________________________________________________________________ 能力拓展 一、单项选择 1. Many young people ____ those who stick to their dreams and make great progress. A. look up to B. look out C. look down D. look through 2. It was very ____ the volunteers to give away so much of their spare time to help others. A. for; offer B. of; to offer C. for; to offer D. of; offer 3. I wonder ____ the new community project will be finished next month. A. that B. what C. whether D. why 4. The great ____ of the ancient world changed people’s understanding of nature. A. discovery B. calendar C. period D. century 5. He had to ____ his study because his family was in great need of money. A. drop out of B. get away from C. keep away from D. run out of 6. News about local environmental protection ____ quickly among the public last spring. A. spread B. developed C. created D. discovered 7. As a ____ in the field of public health, she tried many new ways to solve common problems. A. soldier B. pioneer C. patient D. stranger 8. It is important ____ teenagers ____ good learning habits in their daily life. A. of; form B. for; form C. of; to form D. for; to form 9. —How many suggestions have you got from your classmates? —____ are practical, and others are not very useful. A. Both B. All C. Some D. None 10. The doctors tried their best to save the ____ people after the sudden accident. A. inspiring B. wounded C. admirable D. whole 参考答案与解析 1. A 【考点】单元固定短语辨析 解析：look up to 仰慕，钦佩；look out 当心；look down 向下看；look through 浏览。句意：许多年轻人敬佩那些坚持梦想并取得巨大进步的人。 2. B 【考点】句型 It is + 品质形容词 + of sb. to do sth 解析：形容词描述人的品质用of，后面接不定式to do。 3. C 【考点】宾语从句连接词 whether（是否） 解析：wonder whether… 想知道是否……，句意：我想知道这项新社区项目下个月是否能完工。 4. A 【考点】名词词义辨析（discovery 发现） 解析：discovery发现；calendar日历；period时期；century世纪。古代世界的重大发现改变了人们对自然的认知。 5. A 【考点】单元短语 drop out of 辍学/中途退出 解析：drop out of one’s study 中断学业；get away from逃离；keep away from远离；run out of用完。 6. A 【考点】实义动词spread（传播）词义辨析 解析：spread 传播；develop发展；create创造；discover发现。去年春天，有关本地环保的消息在民众间迅速传播。 7. B 【考点】名词pioneer 先驱 解析：pioneer先驱；soldier士兵；patient病人；stranger陌生人。作为公共卫生领域的一位先驱，她尝试很多新方法解决常见问题。 8. D 【考点】句型 It is + 事物形容词 + for sb. to do sth 解析：important是描述事情的形容词，用介词for，不定式to do作真正主语。form habits 养成习惯。 9. C 【考点】不定代词 some 用法 解析：some… others… 一些……另一些……；both两者都；all全部；none全都不。句意：同学给的建议中，一些是实用的，另一些不太有用。 10. B 【考点】形容词词义辨析 wounded 受伤的 解析：wounded 受伤的；inspiring鼓舞人心的；admirable令人钦佩的；whole全部的。事故之后医生尽全力抢救受伤人员。 二、适当形式填空 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The old scientist is really ________ (admire) for his great achievements. 2. Many people feel ________ (inspire) by the story of the brave soldier. 3. The ________ (history) research helps us know more about ancient China. 4. The little boy felt ________ (hunger) after a long‑time walk in the forest. 5. To keep healthy, we should have a ______ (balance) diet every day. 6. The ________ (discover) of new medicine saved lots of sick people. 7. He is a famous ________ (physics) who has won many prizes. 8. The old man got ________ (wound) in the war many years ago. 9. It is ________ (wise) of him to make such a decision. 10. The ________ (nation) museum attracts thousands of visitors every year. 参考答案 1. admirable 2. inspired 3. historical 4. hungry 5. balanced 6. discovery 7. physicist 8. wounded 9. wise 10. national 三、短文填空 admire, spread, courage, period, science, wound, invent, wise, calendar, necessary People have many great role‑models from different 1.________ of history. These people show different good qualities to us. A 2.________ old man shared his ideas to help common people. He taught people to face difficulties with 3.________ instead of fear. Years ago, a doctor treated the 4.________ soldiers day and night. His kindness 5.________ fast across the whole country. Many young people 6.________ those who devote themselves to 7.________ research. They hope to become researchers in the future. It is 8.________ for us to learn from heroes. Some old 9.________ record great people’s stories. We should not forget what our heroes have done, and try not to 10.________ new problems for our society. 参考答案+详细解析 1. periods 【考点】名词复数。different后接可数名词复数；period 时期。 句意：在历史不同时期，涌现出许多优秀榜样。 2. wise 【考点】形容词作定语修饰名词。wise 智慧的；修饰old man。 句意：一位充满智慧的老人分享思想来帮助普通人。 3. courage 【考点】不可数名词。with courage 凭借勇气。 句意：他教导人们用勇气而非恐惧面对困境。 4. wounded 【考点】名词变形容词。wound(n.伤口) → wounded(adj.受伤的)，修饰soldiers。 句意：多年前，一名医生日夜救治受伤的士兵。 5. spread 【考点】动词一般过去时。spread过去式仍为spread；spread 传播。 句意：他的善举迅速传遍全国。 6. admire 【考点】一般现在时谓语动词。admire 仰慕、钦佩。 句意：很多年轻人仰慕那些投身科学研究的人。 7. scientific 【考点】名词变形容词。science(n.科学) → scientific(adj.科学的)，修饰research。 句意：很多年轻人仰慕那些投身科学研究的人。 8. necessary 【考点】形容词；固定句型 It is necessary for sb. to do sth。 句意：向英雄学习对我们来说十分必要。 9. calendars 【考点】名词复数。some后接复数；calendar日历，此处指记载事迹的历书。 句意：一些古老的历书记载着伟人的故事。 10. invent 【考点】try not to do不定式结构；invent 制造、编造（引申义，制造麻烦）。 句意：我们不能忘记英雄所为，并且尽量不给社会制造新的麻烦。 阅读短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词。 Many people look up to the great pioneer. He lived in a time when education was not easy for common people. He had to drop out of school at 1.________ early age. Though he received little schooling, he never stopped 2.________ (study). He made many important 3.________ (discover) in science. People think he is really 4.________ (admire) for his strong will. He tried to keep a good 5.________ (balanced) between work and rest. He faced lots of difficulties, but he never lost his 6.________ (courageous). He spent years working for 7.________ (he) own nation. His stories are so 8.________ (inspire) that they influence lots of young people. It is important 9.________ us to learn from such role models. Nothing can keep him 10.________ moving towards his goals. 1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________ 答案与解析 1. an 【考点】冠词；at an early age 在很小的年纪，early元音音素开头，用an。 2. studying 【考点】非谓语动词；stop doing sth. 停止做某事。句意：他从未停止学习。 3. discoveries 【考点】名词复数；many后接可数名词复数，discover的名词形式discovery，复数discoveries。 4. admirable 【考点】词性转换；be动词后接形容词，admire动词变为形容词admirable，令人钦佩的。 5. balance 【考点】名词；keep a good balance 保持良好平衡，固定搭配。 6. courage 【考点】词性转换；形容词性物主代词his后面接名词，courageous形容词变为名词courage，勇气。 7. his 【考点】形容词性物主代词；his own nation 他自己的国家。 8. inspiring 【考点】‑ing形容词；修饰stories（事物），意为“鼓舞人心的”。 9. for 【考点】固定句型；It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……的。 10. from 【考点】固定介词搭配；keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事。 四、阅读理解 阅读短文，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 Many teenagers look up to Yuan Longping, a great pioneer in agriculture. He was born in 1930. When he was young, he saw many people suffer from hunger. He hoped to develop new rice so that no one would go hungry again. He had to face lots of difficulties in his research. For many years, he worked in the fields day after day. Sometimes he even slept in the fields to watch the rice plants. Though he received little support at first, he never gave up. Finally, his hard work paid off. He developed hybrid rice（杂交水稻）. It helped feed millions of people around the world. Yuan Longping was not only a scientist but also a man full of courage. He kept working until old age. He often told young people to hold on to their dreams. His spirit is still inspiring us today. 1. Why did Yuan Longping want to develop new rice? A. Because he wanted to become famous. B. Because he hoped to stop people’s hunger. C. Because he liked working in the fields. D. Because he got much money from the research. 2. What does the underlined phrase “paid off” mean in Paragraph 2? A. 得到回报 B. 付钱 C. 放弃 D. 推迟 3. What can we learn about Yuan Longping from the passage? A. He never met any difficulties in his work. B. He slept at home all the time during research. C. He kept working even when he was old. D. He got lots of support from others at the beginning. 4. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Yuan Longping was born in 1940. B. Hybrid rice helped feed many people. C. He gave up his research at last. D. He told young people to give up dreams. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The hard life of hungry people. B. How to grow rice in the fields. C. The great pioneer Yuan Longping and his spirit. D. The importance of food in our daily life. 答案与解析 1. 答案B 【考点】细节理解 【解析】根据第一段“When he was young, he saw many people suffer from hunger. He hoped to develop new rice so that no one would go hungry again.”可知，袁隆平研发新品种水稻，是希望解决人们饥饿的问题。A想要出名、C喜欢在田里干活、D从研究中赚很多钱，文中均没有提到。 2. 答案A 【考点】词义猜测 【解析】前文写他研究过程遭遇重重困难，后文写他成功培育出杂交水稻。由此推断paid off含义为“得到回报”。B付钱；C放弃；D推迟，均不符合上下文逻辑。 3. 答案C 【考点】细节理解 【解析】根据第三段“He kept working until old age.”可知，袁隆平年老时依旧坚持工作。A错误，原文提到他面临很多困难；B错误，他有时睡在田里，不是一直待在家；D错误，起初他几乎得不到支持。 4. 答案B 【考点】细节理解（正误判断） 【解析】根据第二段“It helped feed millions of people around the world.”可知杂交水稻养活了全世界数百万人。A错误，出生于1930年；C错误，他从未放弃研究；D错误，他鼓励年轻人坚持梦想，不是放弃梦想。 5. 答案C 【考点】主旨大意 【解析】整篇文章介绍先驱袁隆平的生平事迹，以及他身上可贵的精神。A饥饿人群的苦难、B如何种植水稻、D日常生活中食物的重要性，都只是文章局部信息，不能概括全文。 阅读短文，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 Li Shizhen was a famous ancient Chinese medical scientist. He dropped out of school when he was young. He loved medicine and wanted to help sick people. At that time, many old medical books had mistakes. Li Shizhen decided to write a new medical book. He travelled across the country for many years. He talked with farmers, workers and doctors. He collected lots of useful information. He also tried different plants to learn about their uses. It took him 27 years to finish his great work Compendium of Materia Medica（《本草纲目》）. The book has helped doctors for hundreds of years. Though he met much trouble, he never lost his courage. His story tells us that we should keep on working for our goals. 6. Why did Li Shizhen decide to write a new medical book? A. Because old medical books had some mistakes. B. Because he wanted to make much money. C. Because he wanted to become a historian. D. Because he liked travelling around the country. 7. What did Li Shizhen do during his long trip? A. He only stayed at home reading books. B. He collected information from different people. C. He taught medicine to local farmers. D. He gave up his work because of tiredness. 8. How long did it take Li Shizhen to finish his book? A. 17 years B. 20 years C. 27 years D. 37 years 9. What can we infer（推断）from the passage? A. Li Shizhen was lazy and didn’t like hard work. B. Compendium of Materia Medica is of great value. C. He dropped out of school because he hated study. D. He never met any trouble when writing the book. 10. What can we learn from Li Shizhen’s story? A. We should give up when we meet difficulties. B. We need courage to keep on for our dreams. C. Travelling is the best way to learn medicine. D. It is easy to finish a great book. 答案与解析 6. 答案A 【考点】细节理解 【解析】根据第二段“At that time, many old medical books had mistakes. Li Shizhen decided to write a new medical book.”，旧医书存在错误，是李时珍决定撰写新书的原因。B想赚大钱、C想成为历史学家、D喜欢四处旅行，文中无依据。 7. 答案B 【考点】细节理解 【解析】根据第二段“He travelled across the country for many years. He talked with farmers, workers and doctors. He collected lots of useful information.”，旅行途中他和各行各业的人交流，收集大量有用资料。A只待在家读书；C教农民医学；D因疲惫放弃工作，均与原文不符。 8. 答案C 【考点】细节理解 【解析】根据第三段“It took him 27 years to finish his great work Compendium of Materia Medica.”可知，完成这部著作花费了27年。 9. 答案B 【考点】推理判断 【解析】原文“The book has helped doctors for hundreds of years.”说明这本书几百年来一直造福医者，可以推断这本书拥有很高的价值。A李时珍懒惰；C辍学是因为讨厌学习；D写书过程没有遇到麻烦，均和原文事实相反。 10. 答案B 【考点】推理判断 【解析】文章讲到李时珍历经重重困难，仍然不丧失勇气，坚持完成目标。由此得出启示：追求梦想需要勇气。A遇到困难就放弃；C旅行是学习医学最好的方式；D完成伟大著作很容易，均错误。 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成文后的任务。 Wang Jinmei was a great pioneer in Chinese history. She was born in 1902. When she was young, she saw many poor people live a hard life. She hoped to change the world for the better. She had to drop out of school because of her poor family. But she never stopped learning. She read lots of books and kept on thinking about how to help people in need. Though she met lots of difficulties, she never lost her courage. She took an active part in social activities. She tried her best to fight for the rights of common people. Her short life was full of hard work. She passed away at the age of 29. However, her spirit still inspires young people today. She tells us that we should hold on to our dreams no matter what troubles we meet. 任务1：根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。 1. When was Wang Jinmei born? ______________________________________________________________________ 2. Why did Wang Jinmei drop out of school? ______________________________________________________________________ 任务2：将画线句子翻译成汉语。 3. Though she met lots of difficulties, she never lost her courage. ______________________________________________________________________ 任务3：根据短文内容，选出文章的最佳标题。 4. ________ A. A great pioneer — Wang Jinmei B. The hard life of poor people C. How to take part in social activities D. Ways to hold on to our dreams 答案与解析 1. 答案：In 1902. 【考点】细节理解 解析：原文第一段“She was born in 1902.”，直接提取出生年份。 2. 答案：Because her family was poor. 【考点】细节理解 解析：原文“She had to drop out of school because of her poor family.”。because of +名词短语，改写为because引导原因状语从句。 3. 翻译：尽管她遇到了许多困难，但她从未丧失勇气。 【考点】句子翻译 解析：though 尽管；meet lots of difficulties 遇到许多困难；lose one’s courage 丧失勇气。 4. 答案：A 【考点】主旨大意 解析：全文围绕先驱王尽美的事迹展开。B只讲穷人的困苦生活；C只讲参加社会活动；D只讲坚持梦想的方法，均为文章局部信息，不能概括全文。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $