Unit 2阅读专项训练2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 以“环境问题-危害-措施”为逻辑主线，通过完形填空与阅读理解专项训练，系统整合单元核心词汇与中考阅读题型解法，提升语言运用与逻辑思维能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|10空|词汇辨析（介词/动词/形容词）、固定短语（be harmful to, run out）、情态搭配（ought to）|毁林导致环境破坏→健康与生态危害→节约资源与法律措施的因果链| |阅读理解|4篇12题|主旨大意（段落中心归纳）、细节理解（原文定位）、词义猜测（上下文语境）、推理判断（逻辑推断）|环境问题类型（乡村污染/沙尘暴/家庭环保/综合污染）→成因→影响→解决措施的递进|

科普版九年级上册Unit 2阅读专项训练 命题说明 本套练习围绕科普版九上Unit2单元话题环境污染、环境问题、灾害、污染带来的危害、环保措施、可再生资源、日常生活保护环境命题，题型对标中考：1篇完形填空（10空）+4篇阅读理解，适配单元同步检测。文本选用九年级学生熟悉的乡村环境变化、沙尘暴、噪音污染、家庭环保行动、可再生能源类素材，全部命题词汇源自本单元单词表，无超纲词汇。 覆盖单元核心词汇：waste，destroy，cut down，be harmful to，do harm to，disturb，unpleasant，environmental，reduce，sandstorm，desert，although，rubbish，punish，avoid，resource，reuse，protect，recycle，plastic，ought to，shut off，electricity，run out，renewable，source，require等。 第一部分 完形填空（10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Some villagers live at the foot of mountains.1 several years, people cut down lots of trees. This begins to 2 the local environment. Trees are destroyed and soil is lost. It is 3 to our health and does harm to wild animals. Recently, sandstorms come here often. The 4 weather makes people feel uncomfortable. Noise from factories also disturbs people’s life. Some people can hardly stand the 5 sound. Although the government has made new laws to 6 people from polluting, rubbish is still here and there. Experts tell us natural resources will 7 if we keep wasting them. We ought 8 take action right now. We can reuse and recycle things instead of throwing plastic away. We should shut 9 electricity when we leave rooms. Everyone’s small action can make a big difference. We hope no one will be 10 for breaking environmental rules. 1. A. Since B. Over C. Before D. Among 2. A. destroy B. produce C. print D. bite 3. A. thankful to B. good for C. harmful to D. known for 4. A. awful B. excellent C. basic D. primary 5. A. pleasant B. unpleasant C. silent D. private 6. A. punish B. protect C. avoid D. require 7. A. run out B. take away C. cut down D. give up 8. A. for B. of C. to D. with 9. A. up B. off C. down D. on 10. A. repeated B. divided C. punished D. discovered 第二部分 阅读理解（共12小题；每小题2分，满分24分） Passage A Many small villages face serious environmental problems these years. In the past, bees and butterflies could be seen everywhere. But things have changed. Some villagers cut down too many trees. Without trees, soil is carried away. Waste from factories pours into rivers. It does harm to fish and other living things. The bad environment brings much trouble. Sandstorms visit this area from time to time. The air becomes unpleasant. Noise from new factories disturbs people’s rest. Some old people have pain in their chest and cannot breathe well. Local government realizes the situation is serious. New rules are made. People who throw rubbish everywhere will be punished. However, rules alone are not enough. Everybody should take part in environmental protection. We should avoid wasting resources. We can reuse cloth bags and recycle plastic cans. Small actions at home can greatly improve our living environment. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 11. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A. Different kinds of wild insects B. Environmental problems in small villages C. Ways to produce more factory waste D. Reasons for keeping bees in villages 12. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. Cutting trees has no influence on soil B. Factory waste is good for fish in rivers C. Some villagers’ rest is disturbed by factory noise D. Nobody will be punished for throwing rubbish 13. The underlined word “situation” in Paragraph 2 probably means ____. A. 形势；状况 B. 秘密 C. 礼物 D. 记忆 Passage B Sandstorms are common in some northern parts of China. They are serious environmental problems. They come when large areas of land turn into deserts. Although scientists have studied sandstorms for years, it is still hard to stop them completely. What causes sandstorms? People cut down too many trees. Without trees to hold soil, wind will carry sand everywhere. Rubbish and untidy behavior also make the environment worse. Sandstorms bring awful influence. They make air unpleasant. They disturb people’s daily life. Some people even have hearing loss because of bad weather conditions. Experts give some advice. First, more trees should be planted. Second, government ought to punish people who destroy forests. Third, everyone should learn to save natural resources. We cannot make sandstorms disappear in a short time, but small efforts will work little by little. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 14. What can we know about sandstorms from the passage? A. They can be stopped completely at once B. They happen when land becomes deserts C. They have nothing to do with cutting trees D. They only influence people’s eyesight 15. Which measure is suggested by experts? A. Cut down more trees in northern areas B. Stop using all kinds of natural resources C. Punish those who destroy forests D. Throw rubbish only in deserts 16. What can we infer from this passage? A. We need long‑time efforts to fight against sandstorms B. Sandstorms never appear in northern China C. Planting trees makes sandstorms become worse D. Nobody cares about the desert problem Passage C What can we do at home to protect the environment? Many students think only big organizations can solve environmental problems. As a matter of fact, everybody’s daily action counts. First, learn to reuse and recycle. Plastic cans and cloth bags can be used many times. Don’t throw them away after single use. Second, shut off electricity when you do not use machines. It saves energy and protects our limited resources. Some resources on our planet will run out one day if we waste them. Third, avoid buying things with too much plastic packing. Plastic is hard to disappear in nature. What’s more, we can choose renewable resources. Solar energy is one kind of them. It comes from sunlight and will not run out. Experts say renewable sources will play a more important role in the future. Although one person’s power seems small, thousands of people’s actions will make great changes to our environmental protection. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 17. What is the main idea of this passage? A. What we can do at home for environment protection B. How solar energy is produced in factories C. Different kinds of planets in space D. Why plastic is widely used in daily life 18. Why should we save our natural resources? A. Because they are too cheap to buy B. Because some resources will run out one day C. Because they can stop all sandstorms D. Because they can help people get better hearing 19. What is the best title for the passage? A. Home Actions for Environmental Protection B. The Bad Influence of Sandstorms C. How to Produce Plastic Products D. Different Kinds of Rubbish Passage D Our planet is facing all kinds of environmental trouble. Pollution comes in several different sorts. Waste water harms soil and rivers. Noise pollution disturbs people and makes them uncomfortable. Air pollution brings bad health problems. Greenhouse effect is another serious problem. Carbon dioxide makes our planet warmer. Some resources such as petrol are not renewable. Once they run out, we cannot get them back. Human beings need to discover more new clean resources. Luckily, more people have realized the problem. Governments make laws to punish bad behavior. Many organizations encourage people to reuse and recycle. Experts point out that we ought to change our habits. After all, protecting the environment is protecting ourselves. We should take action before it is too late. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 20. How many kinds of pollution are mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Five 21. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Petrol is one kind of non‑renewable resource B. Carbon dioxide has something to do with greenhouse effect C. We can get petrol back easily after it runs out D. Some organizations call on people to recycle waste 22. What is the writer’s writing purpose? A. To remind us to protect our planet in time B. To introduce different kinds of insects C. To show how to produce carbon dioxide D. To explain how to discover new planets 参考答案与详细解析 一、完形填空答案 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.C 完形填空逐题解析 1.答案：B. Over 考点解析：介词词义辨析。over several years 几年来。since后面接时间点；before在……之前；among在……之中。句意：几年来，人们砍伐了大量树木。 2.答案：A. destroy 考点解析：动词词义辨析。destroy 毁坏、破坏；produce生产；print印刷；bite咬。句意：这开始破坏当地的环境。 3.答案：C. harmful to 考点解析：固定短语。be harmful to 对……有害，单元核心短语。be thankful to对……感激；be good for对……有益；be known for因……出名。句意：这对我们的健康有害，也对野生动物造成伤害。 4.答案：A. awful 考点解析：形容词词义辨析。awful 糟糕的；excellent优秀的；basic基础的；primary初级的。句意：这种糟糕的天气让人们感到很不舒服。 5.答案：B. unpleasant 考点解析：形容词词义辨析。unpleasant令人不快的；pleasant令人愉快的；silent安静的；private私人的。句意：一些人几乎无法忍受这种令人不适的噪音。 6.答案：B. protect 考点解析：动词词义辨析。protect sb. from doing sth.保护某人不受……伤害；punish惩罚；avoid避免；require要求。句意：虽然政府出台新法律来保护人们免受污染侵害，但垃圾依旧随处可见。 7.答案：A. run out 考点解析：固定短语。run out 用完、耗尽；take away拿走；cut down砍倒；give up放弃。句意：专家告诉我们，如果持续浪费，自然资源将会耗尽。 8.答案：C. to 考点解析：情态固定搭配。ought to do sth. 应该做某事。句意：我们应该立刻采取行动。 9.答案：B. off 考点解析：固定短语。shut off 关掉（电源）；shut up闭嘴；shut down关闭工厂；shut on无此搭配。句意：离开房间的时候我们应该关掉电源。 10.答案：C. punished 考点解析：动词词义辨析。punish惩罚；repeat重复；divide划分；discover发现。句意：我们希望破坏环境规则的人都会受到惩罚。 二、阅读理解答案与解析 Passage A 答案：11.B 12.C 13.A 11.答案：B 考点解析：主旨大意题。第一段主要讲述小村庄面临的各类环境问题。A昆虫种类；C制造工厂废料；D村庄养蜜蜂的原因，均不符合段落主旨。 12.答案：C 考点解析：细节理解题。原文“Noise from new factories disturbs people’s rest.”工厂噪音打扰村民休息。砍伐树木会造成水土流失；工厂废水伤害鱼类；乱扔垃圾会被处罚，A、B、D表述错误。 13.答案：A 考点解析：词义猜测题。结合上下文，政府意识到当前环境形势严峻，situation意为“形势；状况”。 Passage B 答案：14.B 15.C 16.A 14.答案：B 考点解析：细节理解题。原文“They come when large areas of land turn into deserts.”当大片土地变成沙漠，就会产生沙尘暴。沙尘暴无法立刻彻底消除；沙尘暴与砍伐树木有关；沙尘暴影响的不只是视力，A、C、D错误。 15.答案：C 考点解析：细节理解题。原文“Second, government ought to punish people who destroy forests.”专家建议惩罚破坏森林的人。A砍伐更多树木；B完全停止使用自然资源；D把垃圾扔到沙漠，均错误。 16.答案：A 考点解析：推理判断题。由“We cannot make sandstorms disappear in a short time, but small efforts will work little by little.”推断对抗沙尘暴需要长期的努力。B沙尘暴不在北方出现；C种树加重沙尘暴；D没人关心沙漠问题，与原文不符。 Passage C 答案：17.A 18.B 19.A 17.答案：A 考点解析：主旨大意题。全文围绕在家中我们可以做哪些保护环境的事情展开。B太阳能如何生产；C太空行星；D塑料的广泛使用，均不是文章主旨。 18.答案：B 考点解析：细节理解题。原文“Some resources on our planet will run out one day if we waste them.”部分自然资源终有一天会耗尽，所以我们要节约资源。 19.答案：A 考点解析：标题归纳题。整篇文章介绍家庭层面的环保行动。B沙尘暴的危害；C塑料制品如何生产；D垃圾的种类，偏离主题。 Passage D 答案：20.B 21.C 22.A 20.答案：B 考点解析：细节理解题。第一段提到waste water（水污染）、noise pollution（噪音污染）、air pollution（空气污染），一共3种污染。 21.答案：C 考点解析：细节判断题。原文“Some resources such as petrol are not renewable. Once they run out, we cannot get them back.”汽油属于不可再生资源，耗尽之后无法复原。C选项“汽油耗尽后我们可以轻易得到”表述错误。 22.答案：A 考点解析：写作意图题。文章旨在提醒我们要及时保护我们的星球。B介绍昆虫；C制造二氧化碳；D发现新行星，均不是写作目的。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $