Unit 5 Power of Ideas 知识点总结 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

该初中英语九上Unit 5知识点清单围绕“思想的力量——发明创造与改变世界”主题，系统梳理核心语法（被动语态）、核心问题及五类核心单词、六类重点短语、核心句型等内容，搭建从词汇积累到语法应用再到主题表达的递进式学习支架。 清单通过主题分类（如“发明与电子产品”“被动语态高频搭配”）和关联设计（如单词拓展/搭配、句型用法说明）构建知识体系，突出被动语态三类结构实例及易混词辨析，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特别标注“拓展/搭配”“记忆技巧”（如laptop构词法），助力不同学生高效掌握，教师可直接用于课堂复习或作业设计，提升教学针对性。

九上Unit 5 Power of Ideas 知识点总结 【单元主题】思想的力量——发明创造与改变世界 【核心语法】被动语态（一般现在时被动 / 一般过去时被动 / 情态动词被动） 【核心问题】What changes can inventions bring to our lives? How do we turn ideas into reality? 一、核心单词 （一）发明与电子产品 英文 音标 词性 中文 拓展/搭配 invention /ɪnˈvenʃn/ n. 发明；创造 invent v. 发明 / inventor n. 发明家 camera /ˈkæmrə/ n. 照相机；摄影机 digital camera 数码相机 laptop /ˈlæptɒp/ n. 笔记本电脑 lap(大腿)+top(上面)；复数laptops high-speed train n. 高速列车；高铁 take a high-speed train 乘高铁 sunglasses /ˈsʌnɡlɑːsɪz/ n. 墨镜；太阳镜 a pair of sunglasses 一副墨镜 mini- /ˈmɪni/ prefix. 微型的；小型的 mini-camera 迷你相机 / mini-skirt 迷你裙 button /ˈbʌtn/ n. 按钮；纽扣 press the button 按按钮 printer /ˈprɪntə(r)/ n. 打印机；印刷公司 3D printer 3D打印机 robot /ˈrəʊbɒt/ n. 机器人 radio /ˈreɪdiəʊ/ n. 收音机 on the radio 通过收音机 mobile phone n. 手机 = cellphone glider /ˈɡlaɪdə(r)/ n. 滑翔机 wheel /wiːl/ n. 车轮；轮子 wheelchair轮椅 （二）动作动词（含词性转换） 英文 音标 词性 中文 词性转换/搭配 invent /ɪnˈvent/ v. 发明；编造 invention n. / inventor n.；辨析：discover发现 create /kriˈeɪt/ v. 创造；创作 creative adj. 有创造力的 / creation n. 作品 design /dɪˈzaɪn/ v.&n. 设计 designer n. 设计师 produce /prəˈdjuːs/ v. 生产；制作 product n. 产品 / production n. 生产 send /send/ v. 发送；寄 过去式sent；send messages 发信息 connect /kəˈnekt/ v. 连接 connect A to B 把A连接到B spread /spred/ v. 传播；蔓延 过去式/过去分词spread不变 introduce /ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/ v. 引入；介绍 introduction n. collect /kəˈlekt/ v. 收集 collection n. 收藏品 imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/ v. 想象 imagination n. 想象力 improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ v. 改善；提高 improvement n. solve /sɒlv/ v. 解决 solution n. 解决办法；solve problems 解决问题 experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ n.&v. 实验 do experiments 做实验 shape /ʃeɪp/ v.&n. 塑造；形状 take shape 成型 melt /melt/ v. （使）融化 melting adj. 融化的 gain /ɡeɪn/ v. 获得；取得 gain experience 获取经验 complete /kəmˈpliːt/ v.&adj. 完成；完全的 completely adv. 完全地 suppose /səˈpəʊz/ v. 认为；推断 be supposed to do 应该做某事 afford /əˈfɔːd/ v. 买得起；能够承担 afford to do sth 负担得起做某事 encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ v. 鼓励 encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 succeed /səkˈsiːd/ v. 成功 success n. / successful adj.；succeed in doing fail /feɪl/ v. 失败 failure n. 失败；fail to do 未能做 （三）材料与工艺 英文 音标 词性 中文 备注 paper /ˈpeɪpə(r)/ n. 纸 a piece of paper 一张纸 fibre /ˈfaɪbə(r)/ n. 纤维 =fiber（美式） bark /bɑːk/ n. 树皮 silk /sɪlk/ n. 丝绸 bronze /brɒnz/ n.&adj. 青铜（的） bronze ware 青铜器 bamboo screen n. 竹帘 造纸工具 plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ n.&adj. 塑料（的） glue /ɡluː/ n. 胶水 papermaking /ˈpeɪpəˌmeɪkɪŋ/ n. 造纸工艺；造纸业 stone /stəʊn/ n. 石头；岩石 jute /dʒuːt/ n. 黄麻纤维 liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/ n.&adj. 液体（的） 反义：solid 固体 sticky /ˈstɪki/ adj. 黏性的 sticky notes 便利贴 frozen /ˈfrəʊzn/ adj. 冻硬的；冰封的 frozen ground 冻土； freeze的过去分词 （四）形容词与副词 英文 音标 词性 中文 拓展 super /ˈsuːpə(r)/ adj. 超级的；顶好的 super cool 超级酷 rapid /ˈræpɪd/ adj. 迅速的；快速的 rapidly adv. 迅速地 cheap /tʃiːp/ adj. 便宜的 反义：expensive 昂贵的 soft /sɒft/ adj. 柔软的 反义：hard坚硬的 light /laɪt/ adj. 轻便的；轻的 反义：heavy 重的 ideal /aɪˈdiːəl/ adj. 理想的；最合适的 ideally adv. creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ adj. 有创造力的 creativity n. 创造力 expensive /ɪkˈspensɪv/ adj. 昂贵的 反义：cheap suitable /ˈsuːtəbl/ adj. 合适的；适宜的 suitable to do sth 适合做某事 certain /ˈsɜːtn/ adj. 某些；确定的 certainly adv. widely /ˈwaɪdli/ adv. 广泛地；普遍地 wide adj. → widely adv. gradually /ˈɡrædʒuəli/ adv. 逐渐地；逐步地 gradual adj. rapidly /ˈræpɪdli/ adv. 迅速地 rapid adj. animal-friendly adj. 动物友好型的 animal-friendly bridges 野生动物通道桥 （五）名词（历史/地域/其他） 英文 音标 词性 中文 备注 dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti/ n. 朝代 Eastern Han Dynasty 东汉 Atlantic Ocean n. 大西洋 across the Atlantic 跨大西洋 Europe /ˈjʊərəp/ n. 欧洲 European adj. Arabic /ˈærəbɪk/ adj.&n. 阿拉伯语的；阿拉伯语 Arabic countries 阿拉伯国家 technique /tekˈniːk/ n. 工艺；技术 distance /ˈdɪstəns/ n. 距离 a long distance 远距离 challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n. 挑战 solve challenges 攻克难题 tourism /ˈtʊərɪzəm/ n. 旅游业 tourist n. 游客 reality /riˈæləti/ n. 现实；事实 turn ideas into reality 把想法变为现实 layer /ˈleɪə(r)/ n. 层；表层 pipe /paɪp/ n. 管道；管子 tunnel /ˈtʌnl/ n. 隧道；地下通道 workshop /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ n. 作坊；讲习班 officer /ˈɒfɪsə(r)/ n. 官员；高级职员 company /ˈkʌmpəni/ n. 公司；剧团 birth /bɜːθ/ n. 起源；诞生 a new birth of knowledge 知识的新生 result /rɪˈzʌlt/ n. 结果 result in 导致 effect /ɪˈfekt/ n. 影响；效果 have an effect on 对……有影响 affect /əˈfekt/ v. 影响 辨析：effect n. / affect v. influence /ˈɪnfluəns/ v.&n. 影响 file /faɪl/ n. （电脑）文件；文件夹 send files 传输文件 itself /ɪtˈself/ pron. 它自己 反身代词 none /nʌn/ pron. 没有一个；毫无 none of... 没有一个…… 二、重点短语 （一）发明创造与想法相关 短语 中文释义 用法/例句 turn ideas into reality 把想法变为现实 Many great inventions turn ideas into reality. come up with 想出（主意、计划） come up with new ideas 想出新主意 think of 想起；认为 think of a solution 想到解决办法 try out 试验；尝试 try out new methods 试验新方法 work out 解决；算出 work out a problem 解决问题 put...into practice 把……付诸实践 Putting ideas into practice takes time. carry out 执行；实施 carry out a test flight 执行试飞 make a plan 制定计划 be going to 打算；将要 He is going to design a new tool. in order to 为了 = so as to so that 以便；为了 引导目的状语从句 as a result 结果 = as a consequence keep trying 不断尝试 keep doing sth 持续做某事 learn from failure 从失败中学习 Failure teaches us how to improve. encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 Scientists encourage young people to ask questions. （二）被动语态高频搭配 短语 中文释义 例句 be invented by 由……发明 The telephone was invented by Bell. be designed to do 被设计用来…… The machine is designed to help farmers. be connected to 连接到…… A mini-camera is connected to the glasses. be made of 由……制成 （能看出原材料） The table is made of wood. be made from 由……制成 （看不出原材料） Paper is made from wood. be used to do 被用来做…… The knife is used to cut things. be supposed to do 应该做某事；理应 It wasn't supposed to make such loud noise. be responsible for 引起某事；对……负责 Papermaking is responsible for the fast spread of information. be looking to do sth 试图做某事 The Wright brothers were looking to fly like birds. （三）因果关系短语（高频考点） 短语 中文释义 辨析 result in 导致；造成 侧重结果，后接结果 lead to 导致；造成 侧重诱因，后接结果 be responsible for 促成；是……的原因 强调因果责任 have a big effect on 对……产生重大影响 = have a great influence on speed up development 加速发展 speed up (使)加速 increase tourism 促进旅游业发展 （四）造纸流程短语 短语 中文释义 mix and boil 混合并煮沸 beat and cut up 捶打切碎 pour liquid over a bamboo screen 将液体倒在竹帘上 dry and press fibre 烘干压制纤维 build up plastic 堆叠塑料（3D打印） mass production 大规模生产 （五）其他高频短语 短语 中文释义 用法 hundreds of 成百上千的；许多 后接可数名词复数 all over the world 全世界 = around the world later on 后来；其后 to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是 a piece of paper 一张纸 paper不可数，用piece计量 stand up 站起来 none of... 没有一个…… None of the materials were ideal. afford to do sth 负担得起做某事 Now many people can afford high-speed trains. suitable to do sth 适合做某事 gain experience 获取经验 solve problems 解决难题 take shape 成型 spread information 传播信息 spread过去式不变 send messages/files 发送信息/文件 send过去式sent （六）交通与工程专有短语 短语 中文释义 Qinghai-Xizang Railway 青藏铁路 frozen ground 冻土 animal-friendly bridges 野生动物通道桥 increase tourism 促进旅游业发展 carry out test flight 试飞 shorten the distance between countries 拉近各国距离 三、核心句型 （一）谈论发明与用途 句型 例句 中文 用法说明 What invention do you like the most? What invention do you like the most? 你最喜欢什么发明？ 询问最喜欢的发明 I like...the most. I like the mobile phone the most. 我最喜欢手机。 回答喜好 What can it be used for? What can it be used for? 它能用来做什么？ 询问用途，被动语态 It can be used for... It can be used for taking photos. 它能用来拍照。 for后接动名词 It helps people (to) do... It helps people talk with others far away. 它帮助人们和远方的人交谈。 help sb (to) do sth It makes + 宾语 + 宾补 It makes our life more convenient. 它让我们的生活更方便。 make+宾语+形容词作宾补 （二）被动语态核心句型 1. 一般现在时被动：am/is/are + 过去分词 例句 中文 A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses. 微型相机被连接在墨镜前方。 Toys and houses can all be made by the 3D printer. 玩具和房屋都可以由3D打印机制造。 Hundreds of dishes can be made by Smart Cook. 智能烹饪机可以做出上百道菜。 Many objects can be created by 3D printers. 3D打印机可以打印许多物品。 The oil and salt are added by the machine itself. 油和盐由机器自己添加。 2. 一般过去时被动：was/were + 过去分词 例句 中文 The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876. 电话由贝尔于1876年发明。 A radio message was sent across the Atlantic in 1901. 1901年第一条无线电信息跨大西洋发送成功。 Before the radio was invented, information travelled very slowly. 收音机发明前，信息传递速度很慢。 The world was made much smaller by the radio. 收音机让世界变小了。 All of these materials were either difficult to use or very expensive. 这些书写材料要么难用，要么昂贵。 This paper was soft, light, cheap and easy to make. 这种纸柔软轻便、造价低廉、易于制作。 Qinghai-Xizang Railway was completed in 2006. 青藏铁路于2006年完工。 Many special bridges were built to protect wild animals. 许多特殊桥梁被修建来保护野生动物。 3. 情态动词被动：情态动词 + be + 过去分词 例句 中文 Toys and houses can all be made by the 3D printer. 玩具和房屋都可以由3D打印机制造。 Many objects can be created by 3D printers. 许多物品可以由3D打印机打印。 It can be used for taking photos. 它能用来拍照。 The work must be finished today. 这项工作必须今天完成。 （三）重点句型 1. 收音机主题（Radio） 句型/例句 中文 用法说明 Before the radio was invented, information travelled very slowly. 收音机发明前，信息传递速度很慢。 before引导时间状语从句，从句用被动 The world was made much smaller by the radio. 收音机让世界变小了。 被动语态，make的过去分词made It also had a big effect on music. 它对音乐发展也产生巨大影响。 have a big effect on 对……有巨大影响 Marconi sent the first radio message across the Atlantic in 1901. 马可尼1901年跨大西洋发送第一条无线电信息。 主动语态，send过去式sent 2. 蔡伦造纸主题（Papermaking） 句型/例句 中文 All of these materials were either difficult to use or very expensive. 这些书写材料要么难用，要么昂贵。 Cai Lun got the idea that bark, plants and old clothes could make paper. 蔡伦想到树皮、植物、旧布料可以造纸。 This paper was soft, light, cheap and easy to make. 这种纸柔软轻便、造价低廉、易于制作。 Papermaking speeded up the development of Chinese culture and changed the whole world. 造纸术加速中华文化发展，改变世界文明。 Papermaking led to a rapid increase in books. 造纸术使书籍数量大幅增长。 Papermaking is responsible for the fast spread of information. 造纸术促成信息快速传播。 This resulted in a new birth of knowledge, creating the world we have today. 这催生了知识的新生，创造了我们今天的世界。 3. 莱特兄弟飞机主题（Plane） 句型/例句 中文 用法说明 They wanted to fly like birds and solved flight problems by watching birds. 他们想像鸟儿飞翔，观察鸟类解决飞行难题。 by doing sth 通过做某事（方式状语） The plane makes international travel fast and shortens the distance between countries. 飞机让跨国旅行变快，拉近各国距离。 make+宾语+形容词；shorten 缩短 The Wright brothers were looking to fly like birds. 莱特兄弟想要像鸟儿一样飞翔。 be looking to do sth 试图/想要做某事 4. 其他重点句型 句型 例句 中文 用法说明 It's + adj. + to do sth It was cheap and easy to make paper with bark and old cloth. 用树皮和旧布料造纸既便宜又简便。 it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语 be supposed to do It wasn't supposed to make such loud noise. 它本不该发出这么大的噪音。 应该/理应做某事 none of... None of the early writing materials were ideal. 早期所有书写材料都不够理想。 none of + 名词，谓语动词单复数均可 afford to do Now many people can afford high-speed trains. 如今很多人都坐得起高铁。 afford后接名词或不定式 either...or... These materials were either difficult to use or very expensive. 这些材料要么难用，要么昂贵。 要么……要么……，连接并列成分 Good ideas often come from daily life. 好的想法常来自日常生活。 come from 来自 We need to think creatively to solve problems. 我们需要创造性地思考来解决问题。 副词creatively修饰动词think Failure teaches us how to improve our ideas. 失败教会我们如何改进想法。 teach sb how to do sth The most important thing is to keep trying and never stop learning. 最重要的是不断尝试，永不停止学习。 不定式作表语；keep doing 持续做 Creative thinking can lead to surprising results. 创造性思维能带来令人惊讶的结果。 lead to 导致 Small inventions can make people's lives easier. 小发明可以让人们的生活更便捷。 make+宾语+形容词比较级 Never give up when your plan doesn't work. 当你的计划行不通时，永远不要放弃。 when引导时间状语从句 四、语法要点：被动语态 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。本单元重点学习一般现在时被动、一般过去时被动和情态动词被动。 时态/类型 结构 例句 中文 一般现在时被动 am/is/are + 过去分词 The glass is made of plastic. 这个杯子是塑料做的。 一般过去时被动 was/were + 过去分词 The telephone was invented in 1876. 电话发明于1876年。 情态动词被动 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 The work can be finished today. 这项工作今天能完成。 被动语态的用法： ① 不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时； ② 强调动作的承受者时； ③ 动作的执行者由by引出（by + 执行者），不需要时可省略。 主动语态变被动语态的步骤： ① 把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语； ② 谓语动词变为"be + 过去分词"，时态与原句一致； ③ 原句主语变为by的宾语（可省略）。 例：Bell invented the telephone in 1876.（主动） → The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876.（被动） 五、易混词辨析 易混词 区别 例句 invent / discover invent发明（创造从未存在的事物）；discover发现（找到原本存在的事物） Bell invented the telephone. / Columbus discovered America. produce / create produce批量生产；create创造、创作 The factory produces cars. / She created a beautiful painting. result in / lead to / because of result in+结果（侧重结果）；lead to+结果（侧重诱因）；because of+原因 The accident resulted in his death. / Hard work leads to success. / He was late because of the rain. effect / affect effect n. 影响；affect v. 影响 The book had a great effect on me. / The weather affects my mood. inventor / invention inventor发明家（人）；invention发明物（物） Edison was a great inventor. / The light bulb is his invention. production / product production生产（过程/行为）；product产品（具体物品） The production of cars increased. / This is our new product. tourism / tourist tourism旅游业（行业）；tourist游客（人） Tourism is important here. / Many tourists visit the Great Wall. be made of / be made from be made of能看出原材料；be made from看不出原材料 The table is made of wood. / Paper is made from wood. 六、词性转换汇总 动词/形容词 名词 形容词/副词 中文 invent invention / inventor — 发明 create creation / creativity creative 创造 produce product / production — 生产 imagine imagination imaginative 想象 solve solution — 解决 succeed success successful / successfully 成功 fail failure — 失败 rapid — rapidly 快速的 wide width widely 宽的/广泛地 gradual — gradually 逐渐的 real reality really 真实的/现实 respond — responsible 回应/有责任的 suit — suitable 适合 cheap — cheaply 便宜的 complete completion completely 完成/完全的 paper papermaking — 纸/造纸术 stick — sticky 粘贴/黏的 bear birth — 出生/诞生 tour tourism / tourist — 旅游 shape — shapeless 形状/塑造 use use useful / useless 使用/有用的 convenient convenience conveniently 方便的 science science scientific / scientist 科学/科学家 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $