Unit 2 Inspiring people 单元核心素养培优卷-2026 - 2027学年九年级英语上册人教版

**基本信息** 本试卷为九年级英语上册Unit 2 "Inspiring people"单元卷，以刘桂珍、黄旭华等中外励志人物事迹为核心素材，融合语言能力与文化意识培养，适配单元复习巩固与核心素养提升需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|15题/15分|动词、连词等词汇辨析|以乡村奉献者事迹考查语境理解，体现思维品质| |阅读理解|20题/40分|细节理解、推理判断|选取黄旭华、居里夫人等真实人物，强化文化意识| |词汇应用|10题/10分|词性转换（如explore→exploration）|结合科学探索主题，提升语言能力| |书面表达|1题/15分|人物介绍写作|要求描述榜样品质，促进学习能力迁移|

2025-2026学年九年级英语上册单元核心素养培优卷人教版（新教材） Unit 2 Inspiring people 本试卷共10页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上指定位置。 2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 Liu Guizhen is 60 years old this year. Over the past 45 years, she has 1 as a doctor, a teacher and a village leader. In 1978, her village didn’t have a doctor. Liu studied 2 at college and later she worked as a village doctor. Villagers never needed to 3 her visits. With their pain relieved (缓解), many villagers 4 her. Later, she even started to 5 patients from a neighboring village, as their doctor was about to retire (退休). In 1988, 6 its only teacher left, the students in Duanjiawan primary school didn’t take classes for two months. At last, Liu 7 to be their teacher. In 1996, villagers 8 Liu as the leader of the village. There weren’t any 9 resources (资源) in the village. Many villagers grew corn and potatoes to make a living. After doing several surveys, Liu found that it was a good idea to grow pine trees. 10 , changing villagers’ ideas was never going to be easy, as many of them were worried about the 11 and afraid of losing money. Liu and her husband 12 decided to set an example. They took the risk and they were the first to 13 pine trees. After two years, the young trees were sold for 75,000 yuan. In 2017, the village planted tree seedlings on about 6.7 hectares. Now the villagers are becoming much 14 than before. “I’m just a common person from a mountain village and I just did some 15 things.” Liu says. What a kind person she is! 1．A．worked B．shared C．controlled D．imagined 2．A．science B．technology C．medicine D．education 3．A．take in B．give up C．bring out D．pay for 4．A．check B．trusted C．protected D．tested 5．A．prevent B．refuse C．receive D．praise 6．A．after B．before C．whether D．although 7．A．helped B．volunteered C．warned D．supported 8．A．interviewed B．mentioned C．chose D．described 9．A．traditional B．environmental C．medical D．natural 10．A．So B．However C．Also D．Besides 11．A．dangers B．chances C．risks D．efforts 12．A．nearly B．luckily C．easily D．finally 13．A．plant B．discover C．cut D．paint 14．A．richer B．poorer C．healthier D．weaker 15．A．private B．simple C．accidental D．great 二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读以下三篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。 A Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. When he was young, he saw the hard times of China under foreign attacks. He decided to make the country strong with his knowledge. In the 1950s, China started to develop nuclear submarines (核潜艇). It was a tough job. But Huang and his team took on this challenge. To keep the project secret, they stopped contacting the outside world, even their families. During the design process, they met a lot of problems. For example, designing a nuclear reactor (核反应堆) was really hard. They couldn’t get help from foreign experts, so they only used simple tools like abacuses (算盘) and slide rules (计算尺) to calculate (计算) and do experiments. After many tries, they finally solved these problems. In the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully. China became one of the few countries that had this ability. However, Huang kept helping to develop submarine technology. His hard work and devotion (奉献) won him many honours, including the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019. Huang passed away on February 6th, 2025. But we, especially the young people, should learn from his spirit. Let’s take on the responsibility, face challenges bravely, and work hard to make China stronger. In this way, his spirit will live on forever. 16．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “tough” in Paragraph 2? A．Easy. B．Simple. C．Difficult. D．Boring. 17．Why did Huang Xuhua and his team stop contacting the outside world? A．Because they were too busy. B．Because they must keep the project of developing nuclear submarines secret. C．Because they lost contact information. D．Because they wanted to learn foreign technology. 18．According to the passage, it is clear that ________. A．Huang was not hard-working when he was young B．Huang lived with his family while working with his team C．Huang and his team solved many problems with foreign experts’ help D．Huang won many honours because of his work and devotion 19．Which of the following is the correct order of the events? a. Huang Xuhua decided to make the country strong with his knowledge. b. Huang Xuhua and his team used simple tools to do calculations and experiments. c. China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully. d. In the 1950s, China started to develop nuclear submarines. e. Huang Xuhua was born in Guangdong Province. A．e-a-d-b-c B．a-e-d-b-c C．e-a-b-d-c D．a-e-b-d-c 20．What is the passage mainly about? A．Huang Xuhua’s strong will and devotion. B．How to become a scientist. C．Huang Xuhua’s terrible childhood. D．How to win honours. B Three Inspiring People Who Changed the World Marie Curie (1867–1934) Marie Curie was a Polish-born physicist and chemist. She is famous for her research on radioactivity. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, and the only person to win Nobel Prizes in two different sciences—Physics and Chemistry. She discovered two new elements: polonium and radium. Her discoveries helped develop X-ray machines and cancer treatments. Despite facing discrimination as a woman in science, she never gave up. Michael Faraday (1791–1867) Michael Faraday was a British scientist who made important discoveries in physics and chemistry. He came from a poor family and had little formal education. He dropped out of school at an early age, but he continued to study by himself. He became one of the greatest scientists in history. His work on electricity and magnetism led to the invention of electric motors and generators. He once said, “Nothing is too wonderful to be true.” Zhang Qian (c. 164–113 BCE) Zhang Qian was a Chinese explorer and diplomat during the Han Dynasty. He was sent by Emperor Wu to find the Yuezhi people. He was caught by the enemy and kept in prison for about 10 years. But he never forgot his task. After he escaped, he finally succeeded in finding the Yuezhi people. His travels opened up the Silk Road, which connected China with the West. He brought back valuable information about the Western Regions and helped build relationships between different countries. 21．Marie Curie was the first woman to win ________. A．a Nobel Prize B．a Physics Prize C．a Chemistry Prize D．a Medicine Prize 22．What did Michael Faraday's work lead to? A．X-ray machines. B．Cancer treatments. C．Electric motors and generators. D．The Silk Road. 23．How long was Zhang Qian kept in prison? A．For about 5 years. B．For about 10 years. C．For about 15 years. D．For about 20 years. 24．What does the underlined word “discrimination” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．鼓励 B．歧视 C．支持 D．信任 25．According to the passage, what do these three people have in common? A．They all won Nobel Prizes. B．They all discovered new elements. C．They all never gave up on their goals. D．They all opened up new trade routes. C Jane Goodall, a famous British scientist known for studying chimpanzees (黑猩猩), visited China from November to December 2024. She came to celebrate the 30th birthday of her environmental program, Roots & Shoots, in China. During her visit, Goodall shared many of her stories. When Goodall was a child, she loved reading and exploring nature. Her mother always encouraged her to ask questions and learn more. Goodall dreamed of seeing animals in their natural homes. In 1957, at age 23, Jane traveled to Kenya, Africa. There, she met the famous scientist Louis Leakey, who needed someone to study chimpanzees to understand human history. He believed Jane was perfect for the job. In 1960, Jane began working in Tanzania’s Gombe Forest. At first, chimpanzees were afraid of her. She spent months quietly watching them until they trusted her. She gave each chimp a name instead of using numbers and discovered they had feelings and families, just like humans. In October 1960, Goodall made an amazing discovery. She saw two chimpanzees using tools to get food. Before this, people thought only humans used tools. This discovery showed that chimpanzees are intelligent and social animals. Jane spent her life protecting animals and the environment. She started the Jane Goodall Institute in 1977. In 1991, she set up Roots & Shoots program, which came to China in 1994, to encourage young people to take action to help the Earth. “If we all do our part to help, the world will be a better place,” she said. 26．How does the writer organize the text? A．By listing facts. B．By giving examples. C．By following time order. D．By expressing reasons. 27．What can we infer about Jane Goodall’s childhood from Paragraph 2? A．She dreamed of working in a zoo. B．She was not interested in asking questions. C．She preferred reading to exploring nature. D．Her mother’s support helped shape her career. 28．How did Jane Goodall get chimpanzees’ trust in Gombe Forest? A．By feeding them food every day. B．By using numbers to name them. C．By studying their family relationship. D．By sitting quietly and watching them for months. 29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Goodall discovered chimpanzees used tools like humans in 1961. B．Goodall visited China to celebrate the 30th birthday of Roots & Shoots in China. C．Louis Leakey met Jane Goodall in Tanzania in 1957 and chose her for the research. D．Goodall found Roots & Shoots program in China in 1994 to protect the environment. 30．What is the main idea of the text? A．To introduce the life and achievements of Jane Goodall. B．To show the importance of studying chimpanzees. C．To tell how to protect the environment in China. D．To know Jane Goodall’s friendship with Louis Leakey. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，从文后所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有两项多余） Now more young scientists choose to work for our country. Dr. Chen studies new energy technology. 31 After finishing college, he gave up good chances abroad and returned to China. At first, his research met many difficulties. 32 Several experiments ended in failure. 33 He believed new energy would change our future. Day after day, he kept trying new research ways. Slowly, he made great progress. 34 The new energy materials he developed help cut pollution. 35 Young scientists use knowledge to make our country stronger. A．He dreamed of serving his motherland all the time. B．His research result is widely used in many fields. C．But he never lost confidence in his research. D．The research brings great value to society. E．He does not want to work with other team members. F．It took him lots of time and money to carry out experiments. G．He enjoys living and working in foreign countries. 3、 词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 36．What fantastic discoveries the ________ (biology) has made in recent years! 37．I’m proud that China has made great achievements in space ________ (explore) in recent years. 38．Doing exercise in a ________ (science) way is healthy for both our body and our mind. 39．Kitty has a large ________ (collect) of Barbie dolls because she is a big fan of them. 40．Many young people look up to those great ________ (invent). 41．We should be ________ (勇敢的) enough to face challenges. 42．Many ________ (西方的) countries have different cultures. 43．His kindness and spirit belong to ________ (社会主义) values. 44．Scientists are always studying the endless ________ (宇宙). 45．It is ________ (必要的) to learn scientific knowledge well. 4、 完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 46．袁隆平在农业发展中发挥了重大作用。 Yuan Longping ________ ________ ________ ________ in agricultural development. 47．我们要确保养成科学的学习习惯。 We must ________ ________ to form scientific study habits. 48．最重要的是，我们要学习伟人的优秀品质。 ________ ________, we should learn good qualities from great people. 49．所有学生都敬仰为国奉献的科学家。 All students ________ ________ ________ scientists who serve the country. 50．我们不能抛弃传统优秀文化。 We can’t ________ ________ excellent traditional culture. 五、短文选词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成短文 die, worried, away, with, writer, pass, and, deep, they, plant Liu Zongyuan was one of The Eight Great Prose Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties. When he worked in Liuzhou, he helped 51 the development of Liuzhou. He encouraged local people to 52 orange trees, willows (柳树) and bamboo. These actions left a 53 influence on Liuzhou. There is a story between Liu Zongyuan and his friend Liu Yuxi. In 793, both Liu Zongyuan and Liu Yuxi 54 the exam and became officials. They wanted to help the country through the Yongzhen Reform (改革). But the reform failed, 55 they were sent to faraway places. Liu Zongyuan went to Yongzhou, and Liu Yuxi went to Langzhou. They wrote letters to support each other. Later, Liu Yuxi’s poems made some powerful people angry. So, they were sent 56 again. This time, Liu Zongyuan was sent to Liuzhou, and Liu Yuxi to Bozhou. Liu Zongyuan was 57 about Liu Yuxi’s old mother, so he asked to take his place. Thanks to others’ help, Liu Yuxi went to a better place. Both were great 58 . Liu Zongyuan wrote The Snake Catcher’s Tale. Liu Yuxi created Ode to Autumn. These works showed 59 deep feelings about life and society. Liu Zongyuan 60 in Liuzhou at 47. Liu Yuxi missed him a lot. Even when he was old, he visited Liu Zongyuan’s tomb (坟墓). Their friendship became a beautiful story in Chinese history. 六、短文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Everyone needs inspiration in life. For me, the 61 (inspire) stories of great people always give me power to move forward. Take Zhong Yang for example. He was a biologist 62 spent his whole life researching plants and seeds. He could have chosen an 63 (easy) life, but he went to  Xizang to collect seeds in very difficult conditions. He once said, “My students 64 (continue) on the road of scientific exploration and the seeds we have collected may grow hundreds of years from now.” Or consider Amelia Earhart. She was the first woman 65 (fly) across the Atlantic Ocean alone. She worked hard to pay for 66 (she) flying lessons and never gave up on her dream. What makes these people so inspiring? It is not just their achievements, 67 their spirit. They show us 68 with courage and determination, we can achieve great things. Their stories remind us 69 (stay) true to our dreams, no matter how difficult the road 70 (be). 七、读写结合（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） Unit 2 introduces inspiring pioneers such as chemists, physicists and historians. These admirable people faced hunger, wounds and other difficulties, but they never dropped out of scientific research. Their discoveries stopped the spread of serious diseases and brought hope to people all over the country. We all admire and look up to their persistent spirits. Unit 3 teaches smart learning strategies. Learners can use textbooks, flashcards, e-books and podcasts as learning resources. When they come across new words or hard grammar, they can look them up in dictionaries. Reading aloud and hands-on experiments are enjoyable and efficient learning ways. Teachers offer valuable feedback to help students improve their schoolwork. In general, step-by-step practice builds up learners’ ability gradually. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题 71．What kinds of pioneers are mentioned in Unit 2? 72．Why do people admire those scientific pioneers? 73．What learning resources can students use in their study? 74．What can learners do when they meet unknown words in reading? 75．What two topics does this text cover? 第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分） 76．假如你是李华，你们班正在开展“榜样人物”（Role Models）主题墙报活动。请你根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文，介绍一位你最敬佩的人物。 提示要点： 1.这个人是谁（姓名、身份、年代）； 2.他的主要成就或贡献； 3.他/她身上有哪些值得学习的品质； 4.他/她对你产生了什么影响。 要求： 1.必须包含所给要点，可适当发挥； 2.语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范； 3.文中不得出现真实人名、校名或地名； 4.词数80左右。 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参考答案及试题解析 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文讲述了刘桂珍 45 年来身兼医生、教师和村支书，无私奉献，带领村民种树脱贫致富的感人故事。 【解析】1．句意：在过去的 45 年里，她先后担任过医生、教师和村支书。 根据“as a doctor, a teacher and a village leader”可知，此处指从事某种职业，work as为固定搭配，表示“担任……工作”；shared“分享”、controlled“控制”、imagined“想象”均不符合多年从事多份工作的上下文。 2．句意：刘桂珍去大学学医，后来成为了一名乡村医生。 根据后文“she worked as a village doctor”，可知她大学所学是医学，medicine“医学”符合；science“科学”、technology“科技”、education“教育”和医生职业不对应。 3．句意：村民们接受她的问诊从来不需要付费。 结合上下文，刘桂珍作为乡村医生服务村民，村民病痛得到缓解，此处指村民无需为她的出诊“付款”，pay for“支付”符合语义逻辑；take in“吸收”、give up“放弃”、bring out“使显现”语义不通。 4．句意：许多村民的病痛得到了缓解，大家都很信任她。 根据“With their pain relieved”可知，村民受益于她的治疗，因此会对她产生“信任”，trusted“信任”，符合情感逻辑；check“检查”、protected“保护”、tested“测试”不符合医患之间的关系逻辑。 5．句意：后来，邻村的医生即将退休，她甚至开始接诊邻村的病人。 根据“their doctor was about to retire”可知，邻村缺医生，她开始“接诊”病人，“receive patients”为常用搭配，意为“接待病人”符合语境；prevent“阻止”、refuse“拒绝”、praise“表扬”和语境不符。 6．句意：1988 年，段家湾小学唯一的老师离开后，学生们有两个月没上课。 根据“students didn’t take classes”可知，停课发生在老师离开“之后”，应用“after”引导时间状语从句，符合时间顺序。before“在……之前”、whether“是否”、although“虽然”均不符合。 7．句意：最后，刘桂珍自愿成为了他们的老师。 上文提到学生无法上课，刘桂珍主动承担教学任务，“volunteered to do sth”意为“自愿做某事”，体现其奉献精神，符合语境。helped“帮助”、warned“警告”、supported“支持”均不符合语境。 8．句意：1996 年，村民们选刘桂珍为村支书。 此处表示选举刘桂珍作为村支书，“chose”意为“选择”，“choose sb as...”意为“选某人为……”，符合句法结构；interviewed“采访”、mentioned“提及”、described“描述”不符合选举带头人的语境。 9．句意：村里没有任何自然资源。 根据下文村民靠种玉米土豆谋生及后来种松树可知，此处指缺乏“自然”资源，“natural resources”意为“自然资源”，符合语境；traditional“传统的”、environmental“环境的”、medical“医疗的”和后文农耕谋生的逻辑不匹配。 10．句意：然而，改变村民的想法绝非易事，因为很多村民担心风险，害怕赔钱。 上文说种松树是好主意，下文说改变想法不容易，前后构成转折关系，“However”表转折，符合逻辑；so“所以”表结果，also“也”、besides“此外”表递进。 11．句意：然而，改变村民的想法绝非易事，因为很多村民担心风险，害怕赔钱。 根据“afraid of losing money”可知，村民害怕经济损失，即担心种树的“风险”，“risks”与赔钱对应，符合语境；dangers“危险”多指人身危险，chances“机会”、efforts“努力”语义和“害怕亏钱”不对应。 12．句意：刘桂珍和丈夫最终决定以身作则。 面对村民顾虑，经过考量后他们做出决定，finally“最终”体现了决策的结果，符合语义逻辑；nearly“几乎”、luckily“幸运地”、easily“轻易地”不符合事情发展的逻辑。 13．句意：他们冒着风险，成为了第一个种松树的人。 根据上文“grow pine trees”可知，此处指“种植”松树，plant pine trees表示“种植松树”，和上文“grow pine trees”相呼应；discover“发现”、cut“砍伐”、paint“绘画”语义不符。 14．句意：现在，村民们变得比以前富裕多了。 根据树木卖出高价及种植面积扩大可知，村民收入增加，生活变得“更富裕”，richer“更富裕的”符合语境；poorer“更贫穷的”、healthier“更健康的”、weaker“更虚弱的”与赚钱增收的上下文矛盾。 15．句意：刘桂珍说：“我只是一个来自山村的普通人，我只是做了一些简单的事。” 根据“common person”可知，刘桂珍态度谦逊，认为自己做的是“简单”之事，“simple”与普通人呼应，符合人物形象。private“私人的”、accidental“意外的”、great“好的”均不符合语境。 16．C 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国伟大科学家黄旭华的生平事迹，记述他立志报国，带领团队攻坚克难研制我国核潜艇，凭借辛勤工作与奉献获得诸多荣誉，同时号召大家学习他的精神。 【解析】16．第二段出现单词“tough”，文中“It was a tough job”表明研制核潜艇这项工作难度很大，因此tough含义为困难的。 17．第二段说明原因：“To keep the project secret, they stopped contacting the outside world, even their families.”，为保守核潜艇项目的秘密，黄旭华和团队停止和外界联系。 18．第四段说明：“His hard work and devotion won him many honours, including the ‘Medal of the Republic’ in 2019.”，说明黄旭华因为自己的辛勤工作和奉献获得许多荣誉。 19．全文事件顺序：e.黄旭华出生于广东省；a.黄旭华决心用学识让国家强大；d.20世纪50年代中国开始研制核潜艇；b.黄旭华与团队使用简易工具计算、做实验；c.中国第一艘核潜艇建造并测试成功，对应顺序e‑a‑d‑b‑c。 20．整篇文章围绕黄旭华展开，讲述他顽强的意志与无私奉献，所以本文主要讲黄旭华顽强的意志和奉献精神。 21．A 22．C 23．B 24．B 25．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了三位改变世界、鼓舞人心的人物，分别是居里夫人、法拉第与张骞，并讲述了他们的生平经历、重大贡献与可贵品质。 【解析】21．第一段指出事实：“She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize”，说明居里夫人是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性。 22．第二段指出结果：“His work on electricity and magnetism led to the invention of electric motors and generators”，说明法拉第的研究促成了电动机和发电机的发明。 23．第三段给出细节：“He was caught by the enemy and kept in prison for about 10 years”，可知张骞被敌人囚禁了大约十年。 24．第一段给出线索：“Despite facing discrimination as a woman in science, she never gave up”，由转折语境可以推断discrimination的含义为歧视。 25．综合全文三段人物故事：居里夫人面对歧视从未放弃；法拉第出身贫寒自学成才成为伟大科学家；张骞被困十年不忘使命最终开通丝绸之路。三人的共同点是面对困难坚持不懈，从未放弃目标。 26．C 27．D 28．D 29．B 30．A 【导语】本文主要讲述英国科学家简·古道尔的经历。她远赴非洲研究黑猩猩，取得重大发现，一生致力于动物与环境保护，创立相关项目鼓励年轻人行动，也曾来华参加项目三十周年庆祝活动。 【解析】26．文章“按时间顺序”叙述简·古道尔的一生：童年(When Goodall was a child)→1957年→1960年→1960年10月→1977年→1991年→1994年。 27．根据第二段“Her mother always encouraged her to ask questions and learn more.”，母亲的支持帮助塑造了她的职业生涯。 28．根据第四段“She spent months quietly watching them until they trusted her.”，简·古道尔获得黑猩猩信任的方式是“花几个月静静地观察它们”。 29．根据第一段“She came to celebrate the 30th birthday of her environmental program, Roots & Shoots, in China.”，简·古道尔来中国是为了庆祝“根与芽”项目在中国30周年。 30．全文按时间顺序介绍简·古道尔的生平、研究经历和成就，故选A“To introduce the life and achievements of Jane Goodall.”。 31．A 32．F 33．C 34．B 35．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了年轻科学家陈博士放弃国外发展机会、回国投身新能源技术研究，面对重重困难仍坚持不懈，最终取得突破性成果，其研发的材料助力减少污染，展现了当代青年科学家为国奉献的担当。 【解析】31．前文介绍陈博士研究新能源技术，后文提到他大学毕业后放弃国外良机、回到中国。A项“He dreamed of serving his motherland all the time.”交代了他回国的内在动机，与下文“放弃国外机会、回到中国”形成因果呼应。 32．前文指出他的研究起初遇到诸多困难，后文说几次实验以失败告终。F项“It took him lots of time and money to carry out experiments.”具体说明了困难的表现，承接上文的“many difficulties”，并自然引出下文“实验失败”的结果。 33．前文提到实验多次失败，后文转而说他坚信新能源会改变未来并坚持尝试新方法。C项“But he never lost confidence in his research.”以转折关系承接上文的挫折，引出下文不放弃、持续钻研的态度。 34．前文说他取得了很大进展，后文具体介绍他开发的新能源材料有助于减少污染。B项“His research result is widely used in many fields.”总结研究成果的应用价值，与下文“帮助减少污染”形成概括与具体的递进关系。 35．前文阐述了新能源材料减少污染的具体作用，后文升华到年轻科学家用知识让国家更强大。D项“The research brings great value to society.”对陈博士的研究进行价值总结，起到从个人成果到群体精神过渡的作用。 36．biologist 【解析】句意：这位生物学家近年来取得了多么惊人的发现啊！定冠词the后面接名词。biology意为“生物学”；根据后面has made discoveries（做出发现），主语是人，biologist表示生物学家。故填biologist。 37．exploration 【解析】句意：我为中国近年来在太空探索方面取得巨大成就而自豪。介词in后面需要接名词。explore“探索”，动词，名词形式为exploration，space exploration“太空探索”。故填exploration。 38．scientific 【解析】句意：用科学的方式锻炼对我们的身心都有益。空格后面是名词way，需要用形容词来修饰；science是名词“科学”，形容词形式是scientific，意为“科学的”。 39．collection 【解析】句意：Kitty有一大批芭比娃娃藏品，因为她是芭比娃娃的忠实粉丝。形容词large后面需要接名词，collect是动词，变为名词collection表示“收藏品，收集物”。 40．inventors 【解析】句意：许多年轻人敬仰那些伟大的发明家。句中look up to (钦佩、仰慕) 的动作对象通常为人物，“those”意为“那些”，后面要接可数名词复数；括号内invent是动词，意为“发明”，表示人“发明家”要用名词inventor，其复数形式为inventors。 41．brave 【解析】句意：我们应该足够勇敢去面对挑战。be动词后面要用形容词，“勇敢的”英文是brave。 42．western 【解析】句意：许多西方国家有不同的文化。根据汉语提示可知，western“西方的”，形容词作定语修饰名词countries。故填western。 43．socialist 【解析】句意：他的善良与精神属于社会主义价值观。空格后面是名词values，需要用形容词作定语修饰名词；“社会主义”对应的形容词为socialist，socialist values表示“社会主义价值观”。故填socialist。 44．universe 【解析】句意：科学家一直在研究浩瀚无垠的宇宙。endless（形容词，无尽的）修饰后面名词。括号内提示词“宇宙”对应的名词是universe。故填universe。 45．necessary 【解析】句意：学好科学知识是必要的。本句为It is +形容词+to do sth.固定句型，结合汉语提示“必要的”，应用单词necessary。 46． played a major role 【解析】原句中“发挥了重大作用”是关键词，表示“发挥作用”的短语是play a role；这件事发生在过去，动词play需要使用过去式played；形容词major意为“重大的”，放在名词role前面作定语。应填played；a；major；role。 47． make sure 【解析】原句中“确保”是关键词，表示“确保”的短语是make sure。本句中must为情态动词，后接动词原形。 48． Most importantly 【解析】原句中“最重要的是”是关键词，表示“最重要的是”的短语是most importantly，importantly是副词，most用来修饰副词，该短语用来引出下文观点，置于句首首字母需要大写。故填Most；importantly。 49．look up to 【解析】原句中“敬仰”是关键词，表示“敬仰”的短语是look up to，侧重把某人当作榜样敬仰。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语All students是复数，谓语动词用原形，故填look；up；to。 50． give up 【解析】原句中“抛弃”是关键词；表示“放弃、抛弃”的常用短语是give up；句中can’t是情态动词，其后必须接动词原形，因此give保持原形。 51．with 52．plant 53．deep 54．passed 55．and 56．away 57．worried 58．writers 59．their 60．died 【导语】本文介绍了唐宋八大家中的柳宗元，讲述了他在柳州的作为，以及他和刘禹锡之间深厚真挚的友谊。 【解析】51．句意：他帮助了柳州的发展。help with sth.意为“帮助做某事/在某方面提供帮助”，符合语境。 52．句意：他鼓励当地人种植橘树、柳树和竹子。encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，to后接动词原形，选plant。 53．句意：这些行动对柳州留下了深远的影响。此处修饰名词influence，需用形容词，deep influence意为“深远的影响”。 54．句意：793年，柳宗元和刘禹锡都通过了考试。根据时间状语In 793可知应用一般过去时，pass的过去式为passed。 55．句意：但改革失败了，并且他们被送到了遥远的地方。前后句为顺承关系，方框中只有and符合连词词性。 56．句意：所以，他们再次被送走（流放）。send away意为“送走、流放”，符合语境。 57．句意：柳宗元担心刘禹锡的老母亲。be worried about意为“担心……”，为固定搭配。 58．句意：两人都是伟大的作家。Both提示主语为复数，故writer需变为复数形式writers。 59．句意：这些作品展示了他们对生活和社会的深厚感情。此处修饰名词feelings，需用they的形容词性物主代词their。 60．句意：柳宗元在柳州去世，享年47岁。描述过去发生的事实，应用一般过去时，die的过去式为died。 61．inspiring 62．who/that 63．easier 64．will continue 65．to fly 66．her 67．but 68．that 69．to stay 70．is 【导语】本文阐述了伟人的激励故事对作者的影响，以钟扬和Amelia Earhart为例，说明勇气和决心能帮助人们实现梦想。 【解析】61．句意：对我来说，伟人的励志故事总是给我前进的力量。修饰名词stories（指物）需用形容词，inspire的形容词形式为inspiring，意为“鼓舞人心的”，用来修饰物，故填inspiring。 62．句意：他是一位毕生致力于植物和种子研究的生物学家。空处需填关系词引导定语从句，先行词a biologist指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who或that引导定语从句，故填who或that。 63．句意：他本可以选择更轻松的生活。根据句意，此处表示“更轻松的生活”，用比较级，easy的比较级为easier，故填easier。 64．句意：他曾说：“我的学生将继续走在科学探索的道路上，我们采集的种子也许在几百年后仍能生长。”此处直接引语描述的是将来的动作，用一般将来时，故填will continue。 65．句意：她是第一位独自飞越大西洋的女性。名词前有序数词the first修饰，需用动词不定式作后置定语，表示“第一位独自飞越大西洋的女性”，the first woman to do sth.表示“第一位做某事的女性”。故填to fly。 66．句意：她努力工作来支付自己的飞行课程费用，从不放弃自己的梦想。修饰名词lessons需用形容词性物主代词，she的形容词性物主代词为her，故填her。 67．句意：不仅仅是他们的成就，更是他们的精神。“not just...but...”为固定结构，意为“不仅……而且……”，故填but。 68．句意：他们向我们展示了，只要有勇气和决心，我们就能取得伟大的成就。空处需填连词引导宾语从句，从句是意义完整的陈述句，所以用连词that引导宾语从句，故填that。 69．句意：他们的故事提醒我们要忠于自己的梦想，无论道路多么艰难。“remind sb. to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“提醒某人做某事”，故填to stay。 70．句意：他们的故事提醒我们要忠于自己的梦想，无论道路多么艰难。描述普遍事实用一般现在时，主语the road为第三人称单数，故填is。 71．Chemists, physicists and historians are mentioned. 72．Because they made great discoveries and never gave up research even when they met difficulties like hunger and wounds. 73．They can use textbooks, flashcards, e-books and podcasts. 74．They can look up new words in dictionaries. 75．Inspiring people (Unit2) and smart learning strategies (Unit3). 【导语】本文分别介绍第二单元各类杰出先驱人物的可贵品质以及第三单元实用的学习方法。 【解析】71．第一段提到：“Unit 2 introduces inspiring pioneers such as chemists, physicists and historians.”，表明第二单元提及了化学家、物理学家和历史学家。 72．第一段提到：“These admirable people faced hunger, wounds and other difficulties, but they never dropped out of scientific research. Their discoveries stopped the spread of serious diseases and brought hope to people all over the country”，表明人们敬佩那些科学先驱是因为他们取得了伟大的发现，并且即使在遭遇饥饿和创伤等困难时，也从未放弃研究。 73．第二段提到：“Learners can use textbooks, flashcards, e-books and podcasts as learning resources.”，表明学生可以使用教科书、闪卡、电子书和播客进行学习。 74．第二段提到：“When they come across new words or hard grammar, they can look them up in dictionaries.”，表明学习者在阅读时遇到生词，可以查阅词典来查找新单词。 75．第一段提到：“Unit 2 introduces inspiring pioneers”，第二段提到：“Unit 3 teaches smart learning strategies.”，表明文章涵盖“杰出榜样人物”和“高效的学习技巧”两个主题。 76．例文 My Role Model—Zhong Yang I admire Zhong Yang, a Chinese biologist born in 1964. He entered university at 15 and later researched Xizang’s seeds. Despite cold weather and high altitudes, he collected over 40 million seeds from 1,000 plants. His perseverance and dedication impress me most. He said his students would continue his work. His story inspires me to work hard and never give up. I want to be a person like him who makes a difference to the world. 【解析】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文，以一般现在时为主（人物已故部分用过去时） 明确要点：人物身份与年代、主要贡献、优秀品质、对"我"的影响 确定人称：第一人称(I/my)与第三人称(he/his)结合 注意事项：要点齐全，字数控制在80词左右 [第二步：构思布局] 内容三层式结构： 第一层：点明敬佩对象（姓名、身份、年代） 第二层：分述主要成就（收集种子）与优秀品质 第三层：说明影响（激励我努力追梦、为社会做贡献） [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：人物基本信息 姓名：Zhong Yang 身份：Chinese biologist/a famous biologist from China等 年代：born in 1964/he was born in 1964等 早期经历：entered university at 15/at the age of 15, he entered university等 要点二：主要成就 研究领域：researched Xizang’s seeds/did research on Xizang’s seeds等 困难条件：cold weather, high altitudes/very hard conditions等 具体成果：collected over 40 million seeds from 1,000 plants/He succeeded in collecting over 40 million seeds from roughly 1,000 kinds of plants.等 时间线索：过去时态（过去式动词） 要点三：优秀品质 坚持不懈：braved difficult conditions, never gave up/perseverance等 奉献精神：dedicated his whole life to research/dedication等 引用他的话：体现对科学事业的执着与远见 要点四：对“我”的影响 激励我努力学习：inspires me to work hard and never give up/encourages me to work hard and never give up等 树立人生目标：want to make a difference to the world like him/want to be a person who can make a difference to the world等 呼应开头，升华主题 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $