Unit 2 Let's celebrate! B卷·高考水平达标卷-【金卷1号】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第二册单元检测AB卷（外研版）

Unit 2 Let's celebrate! B卷·高考水平达标卷 (时间：120分钟满分：150分) 叩 第一部分听力(30分)（略）》 第二部分阅读理解（共两节） 第一节（共15个小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 授 和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Bedtime stories play an important role in your child's development.Not only do bedtime stories create an opportunity to increase the closeness between parents and their kids,but reading a little one at the same time night after night can help them form a healthy sleep routine.Child psychologists also point to the cognitive()benefits for young people who are raised with bedtime stories,including the higher-than-average ability 叩 to read and write and an emotional connection to reading.Let's look at some of the most 部 popular bedtime storybooks that are available in print. Goodnight Moon by Margaret Wise Brown Considered one of the greatest bedtime stories of all time,this classic has a lovely narrative and lively illustrations()by Clement Hurd.Goodnight Moon celebrated the 70th anniversary of its original publication in 2017;a three dimensional version is also available on You Tube. 恝 The Very Hungry Caterpillar by Eric Carle First published in 1969,this beloved tale features striking illustrations and finger-sized cutouts(剪成的图样)that allow children to physically participate in the story.If your kids enjoy this one,check out the other titles from author and illustrator Eric Carle;his 50-year career includs a bibliography of more than 70 titles. Guess How Much I Love You by Sam MccBratney and Anita Jeram 荞 This heartwarming tale explores the hond between Big Nutbrown Hare and his son, Little Nutbrown Hare.The book-which celebrated its 20th anniversary in 2015-was followed by four books. The Cat in the Hat by Dr.Seuss e The Cat in the Hat spins a tale about a naughty cat that entertains a pair of children ☒ for the afternoon.Roughly 10 million copies have been printed since its original publication in 1957,and the book has been translated into more than a dozen different languages. 呐 21.What benefit do bedtime stories have? A.Help children get a higher education. B.Help kids form a good reading habit. C.Help children sleep and get up early. D.Help parents bond with their kids. 25 22.Who is good at drawing according to the text? A.Margaret Wise Brown. B.Eric Carle. C.Sam MeBratney. D.Dr.Seuss. 23.Which book was published the earliest? A.Goodnight Moon. B.The Very Hungry Caterpillar. C.Guess How Much I Love You. D.The Cat in the Hat. B While sleep patterns vary widely among animal classes and species,there are a few general rules of thumb(经验法则).Sleep serves important evolutionary functions for all animals,but sleep patterns and positions are based in large part on available food supply and defense mechanisms. Sleep patterns in animals have evolved over time-animals that sleep and get attacked by predators()are less likely to pass on their genes,so animals have developed ways to protect themselves during sleep.For instance,otters (sleep holding hands, or cover themselves in seaweed to protect their young and stay afloat while asleep. Likewise,cows and sheep sleep in a group-there is safety in numbers. Evolutionary biologists consider that predation and fear of predators have influenced the development of sleep patterns across species.Animals that eat meat tend to sleep more than ammals that eat plants.Cathemeral(间歇性的)species like lions sleep in short spells during both the day and night so as to enable them to seize food when it becomes available. In general,animals sleep according to what they eat-animals that eat food with lower calories sleep less than others.This may explain why plant eaters need to spend more time awake,to ensure they get enough food and energy.For example,plant eaters like giraffes and elephants sleep 30 minutes to just a few hours per day respectively.However,there are exceptions to this rule,like the koala.Their eucalyptus()-based diet doesn't give them much energy,but they sleep for almost 15 hours per day,and split the rest of their time eating and resting. A note about the studies referenced in this article:Because most animal sleep studies are performed using EEG tests,they are typically performed on animals in zoos and research facilities.As a result,they may not accurately reflect their natural sleep habits in the wild,given the stresses of a zoo environment and consistent availability of food. 24.Why do cows and sheep sleep in groups? A.To protect themselves. B.To pass on their genes. C.To keep themselves warm. D.To get physical closeness. 25.What does the underlined phrase "this rule"in Paragraph 4 refer to? A.Animals eating plants have different sleep patterns. B.Animals eating plants spend short time eating and resting. C.Animals eating plants need less time to sleep than meat eaters. D.Animals eating plants sleep 30 minutes to a few hours per day. —26 26.What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A.To explain the studies'dangers. B.To point out the studies'limitations. C.To describe the studies'detailed procedures. D.To add the studies'background information. 27.What is the best title of the whole passage? A.Sleep is good for animals'evolution. B.Animals'sleep patterns have evolved over time. C.Sleep patterns differ in animal classes and species. D.Food and safety greatly affect animals'sleep patterns. C As PhD research goes,Brian Wisenden might be envied:watching baby fish swimming swiftly through the clear waters in the Costa Rican tropical dry forest.By recording their growth and numbers,he hoped to look at their risks of being eaten. Instead,he witnessed something strange.Many groups were increasing in numbers,in these groups,some were smaller than others,suggesting they weren't siblings )Wisenden had accidentally discovered that the fish,called convict cichlids,adopt each other's babies.Why would they do that,he wondered? In the human world,we think of adoption as a selfless act.But in nature,its presence is puzzling.Taking on the burden of bringing up babies with no genetic link would seem to reduce an animal's chance of survival or at least provide no gain.Yet,adoption is surprisingly common in the natural world. Take the eastern grey kangaroo.Between 2008 and 2013,Wisenden followed the fates of 326 baby kangaroos in the Wilsons Promontory National Park in Victoria and recorded 11 cases of pouch()swapping.The circumstances behind some of these adoptions aren't known,but four were straight swaps and another four occurred after a mother had lost her own baby.How come?Before independence,baby kangaroos go through a period inside and outside their mother's pouch.Following out-of-pouch attempts,mothers normally sniff their young before allowing them back in,but Wisenden's team suspect that during an emergency they may omit the sniff test,allowing a weak baby to quickly climb in before fleeing from danger. Some of nature's adoptions are,actually,driven by young.In burrower bugs(), for example,females lay a nest of eggs close to those of unrelated bugs.Mother bugs tend their developing eggs before they hatch,and then feed their babies nuts from weedy mint plants.Finding nuts is a competitive business,so not every mother bug gets her fair share. And if the delivery rate isn't up to standard,clever young may abandon their mothers to join a better-fed group. 27 The consequences of adoption following mistaken identity can be horrible.The true babies of adopting mothers were abandoned.But it can have remarkable benefits,not just for adoptees but also for adoptive parents. 28.What can we learn about Wiseden's research about baby fish? A.It was beyond his expectations. B.It put many rare species at risk. C.It showed a genetic similarity in fish. D.It found a new way to protect forests. 29.What does the underlined word "omit"mean in the passage? A.Confirm. B.Repeat. C.Adopt. D.Skip. 30.Why would some burrower bugs abandon their mothers? A.To live in warmer nests. B.To reproduce. C.To seek for better parenting. D.To adapt to competition earlier. 31.What may the author most probably talk about next? A.The causes of accidental adoption. B.The processes of accidental adoption. C.The drawbacks of accidental adoption. D.The advantages of accidental adoption. D A study examining the children of people evacuated (during the Second World War showed the daughters of female evacuees were up to four times more likely to suffer from serious mental health conditions compared to those whose parents stayed at home. In the largest enquiry ever of its kind,researchers examined the health records of 3,000 children of Finnish people evacuated to Sweden during the 1941-1945 conflict with Soviet Russia.The evacuees,many of whom were at a pre-school age,were placed with foster families in Sweden and were forced to learn Swedish,later returning to Finland.The study found that the female children of these girls had an increased risk of being hospitalised for conditions such as depression.However,this was not the case with children of boys evacuated during the war. The study could could not determine why.One possibility is that the stresses of the evacuees'experience affected their psychological development in ways that influenced their parenting style.Another possibility is that the evacuees'experience resulted in epigenetic changes-changes in the way genes are expressed.For example,the researchers mentioned an earlier finding that Holocaust survivors have higher levels of methyl groups bound to the FKBP5 gene and have passed this change on to their children.This higher level of methyl groups appears to change the production of cortisol,a hormone()that controls the stress response. "The Finnish evacuation was intended to protect children from the harm associated with the country's wars with the Soviet Union,said study co-author Dr Torsten Santavirta,from Uppsala University. “Our observation of the long-term psychiatric(精神病的)risk that reached into the next generation is concerning and stresses the need to weigh benefits as well as potential risks when designing policies for child protection. —28 32.What can we infer about the new study? A.It involved the most test subjects. B.Its finding is relatively reliable C.Its finding is contrary to an earlier one. D.It was conducted right after World War II. 33.Which method does the author use to develop Paragraph 3? A.By introducing a conclusion. B.By conducting an experiment. C.By making assumptions. D.By supporting opinions. 34.How does Dr Santavirta find the Finnish evacuation? A.It didn't fully fulfill its original purpose. B.It resulted in wars with the Soviet Union. C.It was first suggested by the Soviet Union. D.It was a good example of child protection. 35.What is the main idea of the passage? A.Children's mental health is greatly influenced by wars. B.Women's mental illness can be passed to the future generation. C.Girls are more likely to suffer from mental problems than boys. D.Mothers'childhood mental condition may affect their daughters. 第二节（满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余选项。（七选五） No matter where you go,you'll notice something strange about trees-the fact that their bottoms are painted white.Generally speaking,the purpose of whitewashing is to protect trees from heat and insects.36.Let's check them out! Blocking the sun You might sometimes notice that some tree trunks'surfaces get dry and crack easily. 37.Simply put,they are exposed to the burning sun and the temperatures change wildly between day and night.Fortunately,painting a tree's trunk white is similar to adding sunscreen,which helps block the sun. Heat protection 38 White paint reflects the heat and allows trees to spend more time on transpiration(and growing their fruits.Additionally,when trees are cooler,they have less stress,which makes their stomata(f)stay open a bit longer for the exchange of gases. Defending against pests More often than not,a tree's surface will crack,allowing insects to creep inside. .39 Therefore,people whitewash trees using latex paint and water,which prevents insects from climbing up trees and entering inside through the cracks. 40 Last but not least,the surface of trees is painted white to make them more visible, specifically for those on the side of the road.Why is that important?Because accidents involving trees are extremely common,especially during the night,when drivers can not see them much more clearly. 29 A.Stopping accidents B.Improving visibility C.Whitewashing is a good way to solve the problem D.The cause of this phenomenon has already been found E.Whitewashing helps young trees remain cool in spring F.However,there're many other reasons for whitewashing trees G.Bacteria will feed on the tree's inner parts,eventually killing it 第三部分语言运用（共两节） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A 90-year-old driver is showing it's never too late to pursue your dreams.Last year, Hershel McGriff became the 41 driver to compete in a NASCAR event when he raced at the Tucson Speedway in his home state of Arizona. McGriff has been 42 since he was a teenager.His first time behind the 43 came when he was just 17 years old after he read an ad in his local newspaper and was drawn to the 44 that comes with driving hundreds of miles per hour around a track, 45 for first place. "I borrowed my dad's 1940 Hudson-an ugly car,and I got a couple of guys to help me,”McGriff46 his beginning in the sport."I didn't do very 47 I think I finished 12hor 13th out of a bunch of cars.But that got me started." His first win on the NASCAR circuit (came when he 48 in Mexico at the age of 22.McGriff went on 49 dozens of races,finally being 50 as one of NASCAR's 50 Greatest Drivers.He retired from the sport at 74,but he never stopped his love for the track and decided to return to racing for a few special events that have made him famous in his hometown and 51 others to keep pursuing their dreams as well. McGriff's spot in the race was a gift for his 90hbirthday from his son and longtime friend,team owner Bill McAnally."Bill called me up on the phone and said,For your 90th birthday,I will furnish the car.All you have to do is 52 it,’”McGriff said. “When he made the_53,I was ready to accept.” McGriff's history-making race shows that you can pursue your dreams at any 54 but for this young-at-heart racer,it was just a chance to drive and 55 pursuing his passion. 41.A.oldest B.fastest C.kindest D.bravest 42.A.studying B.racing C.dreaming D.playing 43.A.screen B.camera C.seat D.wheel 44.A.excitement B.nervousness C.success D.honor 45.A.waiting B.searching C.preparing D.fighting 46.A.looked back on B.took pride in C.looked forward to D.complained about 30 47.A.seriously B.carefully C.well D.soon 48.A.relaxed B.performed C.competed D.traveled 49.A.organising B.winning C.entering D.losing 50.A.remembered B.introduced C.employed D.recognized 51.A.inspired B.required C.allowed D.forced 52.A.repair B.buy C.drive D.decorate 53.A.change B.offer C.comment D.design 54.A.cost B.speed C.place D.age 55.A.finish B.consider C.continue D.imagine 第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适 当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Mid-Autumn Festival in China has nothing,or at least very little,to do 56. autumn.It's about time off work,and the gift that few seem to eat but people keep giving to one another:mooncakes. 157. (learn)about mooncakes when I moved to China's capital city,Beijing. When the Mid-Autumn Festival came around,the city was 58. (live)especially with shopping for mooncakes.Every grocery store seemed to have lines of people 59. (carry)that single item (to the counter.I asked my Chinese friends about mooncakes,and 60. majority of them said that few people actually ate them.Instead,61. (regard)as gifts,they're chosen for family,friends or co-workers. When years later I moved back to New York City,I didn't expect to find any public 62. (celebrate)of the Mid-Autumn Festival.But I've been surprised at the ways the festival continues in at least the city's 63. (heavy)Chinese neighborhoods. For weeks before the Mid-Autumn Festival,Brooklyn's Chinatown,64. I live, looks a little like Beijing with people running in and out of Chinese bakeries,or standing in line at Chinese grocery stores to buy mooncakes. It looks like Chinese culture can 65. (preserve)while adapting to changing circumstances. 第四部分写作（共两节） 第一节（满分15分） 众所周知，许多野生动物面临灭绝。请写一篇有关保护野生动物的文章。内容包括： 1.野生动物濒临灭绝的原因； 2.拯救措施。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.书写工整。 31 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写 的词数应为150左右。 A long time ago,a Monk()set out on his travels accompanied by his assistant,a Brother.Night was falling when the Monk told the Brother to go on ahead to find accommodation.The Brother searched the deserted landscape until he found a shabby cottage,in the middle of nowhere.A poor family lived in the cottage.The mother,father and children were dressed in rags.The Brother asked if he and the Monk could spend the night with them."You are most welcome to spend the night,"said the father of the family. They prepared a simple meal consisting of fresh milk,cheese and cream for the Brother and the Monk.The Brother felt moved by their poverty and even more by their simple generosity. When they finished eating,the Monk asked them how they managed to survive in such a poor place,so far away from the nearest neighbors and town.The wife looked to her husband to answer.In a resigned tone of voice he told them how they managed to survive. "We have one cow.We sell her milk to our neighbors who do not live too far away.We hold back enough for our needs and to make some cheese and cream-that is what we eat." The next morning,the Brother and the Monk said their goodbyes and set out to continue their journey.After they had walked a few miles,the Monk turned to the Brother and said,“Go back and push the cow off the cliff(悬崖)！”“Father,”the Brother replied, "they live off the cow.Without her,they will have nothing."The Monk repeated his order “go back and kill the cow”. With a heavy heart,the Brother returned to the small cottage.He worried about the future of the family because he knew they depended on the cow to survive.His promise of obedience bound him to follow the orders of the wise Monk.He pushed the cow off the cliff. 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1: One day,the Brother,who had become a Monk,found himself on the same road where he found accommodation years ago. Paragraph 2: "We have always lived here,"the man answered and then invited the Monk into their Splendid house. 326.beings[考查名词单复数。句意：但另一些神 仙开始不同意他的说法…。由空后的their lives可知此处神仙不止一个，故用being的复 数beings。] 7.to warn[考查动词不定式表目的。句意：… 他们冒着生命危险向地球人类发出警告。动词 不定式to warn sb.表目的，故用to warn。] 8.a[考查固定搭配。as a result,为固定搭配，意 为“因此”。] 9.off[考查固定搭配。句意：因此，在第一个月的 15日前后，每一个家庭在门外挂起红灯笼，并燃放 烟花爆竹…set off为固定搭配，意为“引起，点 燃”；set off firecrackers'“放鞭炮”。故填off。] l0.tricking[考查固定用法。by doing sth.为固 定用法，“凭借，通过”句意：用这种方式成功 地骗过了玉皇大帝，这样人类才免受灭顶之灾。] 第四部分 一、应用文写作 Dear Sir or Madam, I'm Li Hua,an 18-year-old senior high school student.I'd like to join your voluntary organisation to do something for the animals in danger. With the development of society,the number of endangered animals is on the increase,some even dying out.I think human activities,like illegal hunting and occupying their habitats,are to blame for the serious consequence. If I become one of you,not only will I regularly explain to the public the importance of protecting animals,but also I will make efforts to persuade people around me not to buy or eat endangered animals. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. Looking forward to your reply. Yours truly, Li Hua 二、读后续写 Paragraph 1: Then she noticed,to her much surprise,tears rolling down from his eyes.and he began to cry uncontrollably.Then,with tears,he went on to tell Karen that the man that pulled her from the flames was his own father he never knew.Karen was so surprised that she couldn't believe it.It was amazing that after twenty five years they met each other again.The two then hugged and cried that afternoon,retelling stories which were told to them about their parents.What really drew their attention were some other details unknown to both of them until that moment. 11 Paragraph 2: According to the article,Aaron's father and Karen's mother were both on a task of helping the needy families in the area.So surprised and moved were the young couple that their eyes welled up with tears.Karen told Aaron how thankful she was to the man who saved her life. Holding the hand of Karen,Aaron expressed his respect to Karen's mother.Then they made a decision.In honor of their parents and the desire to share the gift of Christmas,Aaron and Karen would continue to carry on similar acts of kindness. B卷·高考水平达标卷 第一部分听力（略） 第二部分 第一节阅读理解 A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。作者以睡前故 事的益处作为切入点，介绍了四本受欢迎的睡前 故事书。 21.D[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Not only do bedtime stories create on opportunity to increase the closenes between parents and their kids'”可知，睡前故事可以提供一个增加 父母和孩子之间的亲密度的机会，即睡前故事 帮助父母和孩子建立更亲密的关系，故选 D项。] 22.B[细节理解题。根据第二本图书介绍中的 “author and illustrator Eric Carle'”可知Erice Carle是插图画家，因此擅长画画。] 23.A[细节理解题。根据第一本图书介绍中的 "celebraed the 70th anniversary of its original publication in2017”可知，其出版时间为1947 年；根据第二本图书介绍中的首句可知，其出 版于1969年；根据第三本图书介绍中的 “celebrated its2 Oth anniversary in2ol5”可 知，其出版时间为1995年；根据第四本图书介 绍中的第二句可知，其出版时间为1957年。 故答案为A。] B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。动物的睡眠模 式和其食物及防御机制有关。 24.A[细节理解题。第二段主要讲的是动 物为了自保而改变睡眠模式，再结合本段 的最后一句话“cows and sheep sleep in a group一there is safety in numbers'”可知，奶 牛和绵羊群聚而眠是因为数量多会安全， 即为了保护自己。] 25.C[词义猜测题。根据该短语所在句可知，树 袋熊是“这个规则”的例外，再根据后文内容可 知，树袋熊是食草动物，但是它的睡眠时间却 很长。故“这个规则”应为本段首句“In general,animals sleep according to what they eat-animals that eat food with lower calories sleep less than others'”,即食草动物比食肉动 物睡得少。] 26.B[写作意图题。根据最后一段最后一句可知， 文中的实验主要针对动物园里的动物，故其研究 结果可能无法准确地反映野生动物的情况，即最 后一段是在讲文中实验的局限性。] 27.D[标题判断题。根据第一段最后一句并结合 全文可知，本文主要讲动物的睡眠模式主要受两 个因素的影响—食物和安全性。] C 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。Brian Wisenden 博士偶然间发现一种鱼会收养非亲生幼鱼，这让他对 动物界为何会出现收养行为产生了好奇。 28.A[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“By recording their growth and numbers,he hoped to look at their risks of being eaten.Instead,he witnessed,something strange.Many groups were increasing in numbers”可知，Brian Wisenden原 本想研究幼鱼被吃掉的风险，然而他却目睹了 一些非常奇怪的事，很多鱼群在数量上没有减 少反而增加了。由此可知，研究结果超出了他 的预料。故选A。] 29.D[词义猜测题。根据画线词上文中的 “during an emergency”和下文中的“allowing a weak baby to quickly climb in before fleeing from danger'”可知，画线词所在从句表示的是 在紧急情况下，袋鼠妈妈可能会省去这个嗅气 味测试，从而让脆弱的袋鼠幼崽快速钻进育儿 袋。画线词意为“忽略，漏掉”，同skip的含义 相近。门 30.C[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的 "Finding nuts is a competitive business,so not every mother bug gets her fair share.And if the delivery rate isn't up to standard,clever young may abandon their mothers to join a better-fed group”可知，并不是每个土蝽妈妈 都能为它们的幼虫找到足够的食物，而一旦它 们未找到符合（养育）标准的食物量，有些土蝽 幼虫就有可能丢下自己的妈妈从而加入到一 个自己能够更好地被喂养的团体中，即土蝽幼 虫抛弃自己的妈妈是为了寻找更好的喂养 条件。] 31.D[推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句 "But it can have remarkable benefits,not just for adoptees but also for adoptive parents”可 知，接下来作者可能会阐述被收养者和收养者 从这种意外的收养行为中获得的好处，故选D。] D 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现，妈 妈孩童时期的精神创伤会影响其女性后代。 32.B[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In the largest enquiry ever of its kind,researchers 11 examined the health records of 3,000 children of Finnish people”可知，该研究的研究对象 多，故可推断，其研究结果比较可信。] 33.C[写作手法题。根据第三段中的“could not determine why”“one possibility”“Another possibility”可知，本段主要讲的是研究人员对 他们的finding的原因的一些假设。] 34.A[推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，Dr Santavirta认为，芬兰撤离本应保护孩子们免 受战争带来的伤害，可是研究结果表明，它带 给下一代的心理伤害是令人担忧的，故可判 断，他认为该次撤离没有达到它原本的目的。] 35.D[主旨大意题。根据第一段内容和第二段 最后一句可知，研究发现，学龄前的女性撤离 者儿时的精神创伤更容易影响她们的女儿，故 选D项。] 第二节阅读七选五 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了 树木粉刷成白色的原因。 36.F[根据上文“No matter where you go, you'll notice something strange about trees- the fact that their bottoms are painted white. Generally speaking,the purpose of whitewashing is to protect trees from heat and insects.（无论你走 到哪里，你都会注意到树的一些奇怪之处— 它们的底部都被漆成了白色。一般来说，刷白 的目的是保护树木免受高温和昆虫的侵害)” 以及后文“Let's check them out！(让我们来 看看吧！)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出粉 刷树木还有其他原因。故F选项“然而，粉刷 树木还有很多其他原因”符合语境，故选F。] 37.D[根据上文“You might sometimes notice that some tree trunks'surfaces get dry and crack easily.(有时你可能会注意到一些树千 的表面很干燥，很容易开裂)”以及后文 "Simply put,they are exposed to the burning sun and the temperatures change wildly between day and night.Fortunately,painting a tree's trunk white is similar to adding sunscreen,which helps block the sun.(简单地 说，它们暴露在烈日下，昼夜之间的温度变化 很大。幸运的是，把树干涂成白色就像涂防晒 霜一样，有助于阻挡阳光)”可知，后文主要分 析了树千开裂的原因。故D选项“这种现象的 原因已经找到了”符合语境，故选D。] 38.E[根据后文“White paint reflects the heat and allows trees to spend more time on transpiration(蒸腾)and growing their fruits.. Additionally,when trees are cooler,they have less stress,which makes their stomata(气孔) stay open a bit longer for the exchange of gases..（白色的油漆可以反射热量，让树木有 更多的时间蒸腾和生长果实。此外，当树木温 度较低时，它们的压力较小，这使得它们的气 孔保持开放的时间更长，以便进行气体交换)” 可知，后文提到白色的油漆可以反射热量，让 树木有更多的时间蒸腾和生长果实，即可以让 树木保持凉爽。故E选项“刷白可以帮助小树 在春天保持凉爽”符合语境，故选E。] 39.G[根据上文“More often than not,a tree's surface will crack,allowing insects to creep inside.(通常情况下，树的表面会裂开，让昆虫 爬进去)”以及后文“Therefore,people whitewash trees using latex paint and water, which prevents insects from climbing up trees and entering inside through the cracks. 此，人们用乳胶漆和水粉刷树木，防止昆虫爬 上树，从裂缝进入内部)”可知，本句是在说明 昆虫爬进去的后果：细菌会以树的内部为食， 最终杀死树。故G选项“细菌会以树的内部为 食，最终杀死树”符合语境，故选G。] 40.B[根据本段内容“Last but not least,the surface of trees is painted white to make them more visible,specifically for those on the side of the road.Why is that important?Because accidents involving trees are extremely common, especially during the night,when drivers can not see them much more clearly..(最后但并非 最不重要的是，树的表面被涂成白色，使它们 更明显，特别是对那些在路边的人来说。为什 么这很重要？因为涉及树木的交通事故非常 常见，尤其是在夜间，因为司机看不清树木)” 可知，本段的主旨是树木粉刷成白色可以提高 司机的能见度。故B选项“提高能见度”符合 语境，故选B。] 第三部分 第一节完形填空 【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了赛车手 McGriff在九十岁时又重返赛场，说明在任何年纪 都可以追求梦想和激情。 41.A[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：去年， Hershel McGriff成为在NASCAR项目中比 赛的最老的车手。A.oldest最老的；B.fastest 最快的；C.kindest最友好的；D.bravest最勇 敢的。根据前文“A90-year-old driver is showing it's never too late to pursue your dreams.”推知，他是最老的选手。故选A。] 42.B[考查动词词义辨析。句意：McGriff从还 是青少年的时候就开始比赛了。A,studying 学习；B.racing比赛；C.dreaming梦想； D.playing玩。根据下文“driving hundreds of miles per hour around a track,45 for first place.”和“McGriff46 his beginning in the sport.”可知，他在l7岁的时 候看到了一则赛车比赛信息，所以他是从那时 候开始比赛了，故选B。] 12 43.D[考查名词词义辨析。句意：他第一次开车 是在他十七岁的时候，当时他在当地的报纸上 读到了一则广告，被围绕赛道每小时驾驶数百 英里所带来的刺激吸引，力争第一。A.screen 屏幕；B.camera相机；C.seat座位；D.wheel 车轮，方向盘。根据下文中“driving hundreds of miles per hour around a track”可知，此处是 指他开车，behind the wheel是固定搭配，意为 “开车”。故选D。] 44.A[考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。 A.excitement兴奋；B.nervousness紧张； C.success)成功；D.honor荣耀。根据“driving hundreds of miles per hour around a track”可 知，带来的是刺激感，故选A。] 45.D[考查动词词义辨析。A.waiting等待； B.searching搜查；C.preparing准备；D.fighting力 争。由上文可知，这里讲的是比赛，所以是力 争第一，故选D。] 46.A[考查动词词组辨析。句意：“我借了我父 亲1940年的哈德逊一一辆丑陋的车，并且 找了几个人来帮我，”McGriff回忆了他在此项 运动中的开始。A.looked back on回顾； B.took pride in对…感到自豪；C.looked forward to期盼；D.complained about抱怨。 根据“I borrowed my dad's1940 Hudson-an ugly car,and I got a couple of guys to help me”可知，这是对当时情形的回忆，故选A。] 47.C[考查副词词义辨析。句意：我并没有做得 很好。A.seriously严肃地；B.carefully小心 地；C.well好地；D.soon很快地。根据下文“I think I finished 12 or 13'h out of a bunch of cars”可知，他当时做得不是很好。故选C。] 48.C[考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他22岁在 墨西哥比赛时，他第一次在联赛中获得了第一 名。A.relaxed放松；B.performed表演； C.competed比赛；D.traveled旅行。根据前文 提到“His first win on the NASCAR circuit” 可知，是在比赛中赢得了第一名，故选C。] 49.B[考查动词词义辨析。句意：McGriff继续赢 得了数十次比赛，最终被公认为全美汽车运动协 会50位最伟大的车手之一。A.organising:组织； B.winning赢得；C.entering进入；D.losing失去， 输掉。前文讲到主人公第一次赢得了比赛，went o表“继续”，由此可知，此处是指继续赢得比赛。 故选B。] 50.D[考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。 A.remembered记得；B.introduced介绍； C.employed雇佣，使用；D.recognized认出，认 可。根据上文“His first win on the NASCAR circuit(联赛)came when he48in Mexico at the age of 22.McGriff went on 3 49 dozens of races,”可知，McGriff 赢得了数十次比赛。由此可知，他后来被认为 是NASCAR最伟大得赛车手之一，故选D。] 51.A[考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在74岁时 退赛，但是他从未停止过对赛道的热爱，并决 定在一些特殊的项目中重返赛场，这些项目让 他在家乡闻名，也激励了其他人继续追求他们 的梦想。A.inspired激励；B.required要求； C.allowed允许；D.forced强迫。根据“others to keep pursuing their dreams as well.”并结合 McGriff在70多岁还参加一些赛车活动可知，他 激励了其他人追求自己的梦想，故选A。] 52.C[考查动词词义辨析。句意：你需要做的就 是驾驶它。A.repair修理；B.buy买；C.drive 驾驶；D.decorate装饰。根据上文“Bill called me up on the phone and said,'For your 90R birthday,I will furnish the car.”可知，Bill对 McGriff说为了他的九十岁的生日，Bill装饰 了汽车，McGriff什么都不用做，只需要驾驶汽 车就可以了。故选C。] 53.B[考查名词词义辨析。句意：McGriff说： “当他提出这个邀请时，我就准备接受了。 A.change改变；B.offer邀请；C.comment评 价；D.design设计。根据上文“Bill called me up on the phone and said,'For your 90 birthday,I will furnish the car.All you have to do is52it,”可知，Bill装饰了汽 车，邀请主人公驾驶，故选B。] 54.D[考查名词词义辨析。句意：McGriffs的历 史性的比赛证明了你可以在任何年纪追求梦 想，但是对于这个心态年轻的赛车手来说，这 只是一次开车和继续追求激情的机会。A.0st 价值；B.speed速度；C.place地点；D.age年纪。 根据上文内容可知，文章讲述主人公是在九十岁 的时候完成了一次精彩的比赛，所以这里是说在 任何年纪都能追求梦想。故选D。] 55.C[考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.finish 完成；B.consider考虑；C.continue继续； D.imagine想象。根据上文内容可知，主人 公年轻时就开始赛车，在九十岁的时候又 重返赛场，所以这里是指继续追求激情，故 选C。] 第二节语法填空 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在北京居 住时，发现中秋节前，尽管很少吃月饼，但人们仍 喜欢买月饼送人。回到纽约后，作者发现纽约 的中国人也这样做。作者由此发出感慨：似 乎中国文化在适应变化中的环境时能被保存 下来。 56.with[考查介词。中国的中秋节和秋天没有 或者说只有一点关系。它是关于休息和“月 饼”的，月饼很少人吃但是人们仍然互相赠送 的礼物。have nothing/.something to do with..“和…无关/有关”，是固定搭配。] 1 57.learned/learnt[考查动词的时态。当“我”搬 到中国的首都北京时，“我”了解了关于月饼的 一些情况。主从句的动作几乎是同时发生的，从 句用了一般过去时，故主句也用一般过去时。] 58.lively[考查形容词。空处作表语，且意为“气 氛热闹的，熙熙攘攘的”，故用形容词lively。] 59.carrying[考查非谓语动词。每个杂货店似 乎都排着队，队伍中满是拿着月饼向柜台走去 的人。分析句子结构可知，people后是非谓语 动词作定语；people与carry之间是主谓关系， 且此处表示动作正在进行，故用现在分词作 定语。] 60.the[考查冠词。the majority of是固定搭 配，意为“…中的大多数”，故填the。] 6l,regarded[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构 可知，此处作状语，根据固定搭配be regarded as“被视为…”和they(指代mooncakes)与 regard之间的被动关系可知，此处应该用过去 分词作状语。] 62.celebration(s)[考查名词。根据空前的any public和空后的of可知，空处应该填名词 celebration(s)“庆祝活动”.] 63.heavily[考查副词。此处表示“至少在这个 城市中有大量中国社区”。空处修饰形容词 Chinese,且表示“大量地，在很大程度上”，故用 副词heavily。] 64.where[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知， 空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Brooklyn's Chinatown,表示地，点，关系词在从 句中作地点状语，故用where。] 65.be preserved[考查动词的语态。似乎中国 文化能适应变化的环境从而被保存下来。 preserve“保存，保留”，是及物动词，故此处用 被动语态。] 第四部分写作（共两节） 第一节 Many wild animals are in danger of dying out,because the environment they are living in has changed greatly.Many of the wild animals, now are facing food crisis.At the same time,man is killing off species just for their fur,skin, horns,teeth and meat. To protect wild animals,first,people should raise the protection awareness.Second,measures of the following should be taken:pollution standards are made to keep down poisons in the air;killing wild animals is prohibited;national parks should be set up as wild life reserves. Only when we take some measures can wild animals be preserved. 4 第二节 Paragraph 1: One day,the Brother,who had become a Monk,found himself on the same road where he found accommodation years ago.Driven by a sense of regret he decided to visit the family.To his surprise,where the cottage used to be,he saw a splendid house.The Monk knocked on the door and it was answered by a well-dressed man.The Monk told him he had stayed in a cottage on the same spot with his master."What happened to the family that lived here?Did they sell the property to you?"he asked. Paragraph 2: “We have always lived here,”the man answered and then invited the Monk into their Splendid house.While they ate,the host explained how the family's fortune changed."We used to live off a cow.She kept us alive.We didn't own anything else.One day the cow fell down the cliff and died.To survive,we started doing other things and thus developed our potential skills.It was the best thing that ever happened to us!We are now much better off than before." Unit 3 On the move A卷·学业水平达标卷 第一部分 一、l.represents2.content3.defended 4.assure 5.ideal 6.adjustable 7.available 8.inspired 9.persuaded 10.interpret 二、l.to their hearts'content2.dying out 3.given that 4.customs;death 5.monitor 6.skipping 7.upper arms 8.involved 9.disappeared 10.world champion 三、l.to buy2.to be told3.to be built 4.to do 5.to find 6.to find 7.to run 8.to carry 9.to make 10.to reach 第二部分 一、【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。主要讲的是 在堪萨斯州，电脑不仅能够帮助消防员快速准 确地灭火，里面储存的各个消防员的病例更能 帮助医生快速正确地治疗受伤的消防员。 1.B[主旨大意题。本题要求选择最合适的标 题，做这种题目时，一般应在首段或者尾段找答 案。由文章第一句“In Kansas City,Missouri,a computer helps firefighters..”可知，这篇文章主 要是讲电脑帮助消防员的事情，故B项正确。] 2.C[细节理解题。由文章第一段中的第二句 "The computer,which works very fast,has information about all the 350,000 street —12 addresses in the city..”可知，电脑工作迅速，且 掌握了堪萨斯州350,000条街道的信息。所 以，如果你想要了解这些街道的信息，最好的方 式便是通过电脑了解。故C项正确。] 3.A[细节理解题。由文章第一段倒数第二句 "The information is then sent to them by radio from the computer centre in the City Hall..”可 知，电脑通过无线电通信将街道的信息发送给 消防员，故A项正确。] 4.D[细节理解题。由文章第二段尤其是最后一句 "With the information,doctors at hospital can treat the injured firefighters more quickly and easily." 知，医生能够快速治疗受伤的消防员，是由于电脑 里有这些消防员的病例。故D项正确。] 二、【语篇导读】本文属于说明文，介绍5G技术 及其优点，同时也存在的安全风险。 1.B[分析文章结构可知，本文属于总分结构，文 章主要就第一段的两个问题展开来写，根据第 二段“5 G stands for fifth generation,meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current4 G system.”可知，第一 个问题是关于5G概念，故选B。] 2.D[根据前一句“Each new technology brought major improvements in speed and greatly increased network capacity(容量).”可 知，每一项新的通信技术都会带来速度提升，容 量扩大。D选项“而5G在此基础上会带来更 多的东西”中的“of the same'”与前一句呼应，切 题，故选D。] 3.E[根据后一句“It will affect many more devices and industries than other‘G'versions.”可知，与其他 的四代通信产业相比，5G会影响更多的设备和产 业。E选项“它的影响超过移动网络技术”切题，在 句中起递进说明作用，故选E。] 4.C[根据后文“The increased data flow across 5G networks would give Internet attackers a lot more possibilities to steal and misuse data." 可知，本段主要讲述5G技术可能存在的风险， 故选C。] 5.G[根据后一句“or a network breakdown could cause self-driving vehicles to crash”可知，网络故 障可能会导致自动驾驶汽车出车祸，讲述5G技 术对公共安全可能造成的不良影响。G选项“远 程手术的失败可能造成病人死亡”是对前一句的 具体阐述，切题，故选G。] 第三部分 一、【语篇导读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介 绍了作者和父亲关于体育的共同爱好，这一爱好 使得作者常常想起和父亲在一起的时间，并且通 过体育爱好，家庭之间的关系也更加的紧密。 1.A[考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爱我爸爸，所 以小熊队也吸引了我。A.attracted吸引； B.supported支持；C.impressed使…印象深 刻；D.comforted安慰。根据下文“When I went back home after school or work,I always