Unit 2 Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment(Word教参)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（译林版）

本讲义以贝多芬生平及《第九交响曲》为语篇载体，系统构建“语篇理解—语言技能—思维提升”学习支架，涵盖主旨结构分析、细节信息提取、复杂句翻译、词汇语法填空等模块，形成从基础语言知识到高阶思维能力的递进式学习脉络。 该资料突出语篇育人与语言能力培养融合，通过Elevating Thinking活动引导学生分析贝多芬精神品质，提升思维品质；语言点部分结合词汇拓展与句型解构，强化语言能力。课中助力教师实施分层教学，课后通过基础与能力练习帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺，兼具文化意识渗透与学习能力培养。

Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment Part Ⅰ　Reading Comprehension Activity 1　Reading for Main Idea and Structure 1.Skim to find out the main idea of the passage． The passage mainly tells us Beethoven’s remarkable life and his grand finale Symphony No．9． 2.Read for structure and fill in the blanks． Activity 2　Reading for Details Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers． 1.What’s the attitude of music lovers towards Beethoven’s Symphony No．9？（　　） A．Indifferent．　 B．Appreciative． C．Disappointed．　 D．Critical． 2.Why is Mozart mentioned in paragraph 2？（　　） A．To introduce more famous artists． B．To show Beethoven’s great achievements． C．To emphasize Beethoven’s good connections． D．To highlight Beethoven’s early talent． 3.Why did Beethoven put one end of a pencil in his mouth and the other end against the piano？（　　） A．To feel the notes． B．To take in sound． C．To reduce his depression． D．To hear the sound of music clearly． 4.　　　　 was the biggest problem Beethoven faced in his life．（　　） A．The loss of smell　　 B．The loss of sight C．The loss of hearing　　 D．The loss of movement 5.Which words can describe Beethoven and his life？（　　） ①romantic　②persistent　③modest　④outgoing ⑤determined　⑥talented A．①②④　 B．②⑤⑥ C．②③⑤　 D．①③⑥ 答案：1－5　BDACB Activity 3　Reading for Elevating Thinking 1.Why is Beethoven regarded as one of the most remarkable musicians who ever lived？（Creative Thinking 创造性思维） Because of his amazing achievements and his determination even in his darkest days． 2.What qualities lead to Beethoven’s great success？（Divergent Thinking 发散性思维） Determined， desirous， devoted， hard－working， persevering， bright， strong－willed， diligent， creative， optimistic， persistent ．．． Activity 4　Reading for Analyzing Complex Sentences 1. 尝试翻译：他看见眼前的人山人海全部起立，有的鼓掌，有的挥舞帽子和手帕，表达着对这部杰作的赞赏。 2. 尝试翻译： 在钢琴上作曲时，他将铅笔的一端含在嘴里，另一端顶住钢琴，这样就能感受到音符。 Activity 5　Fill in the Blanks According to the Text 　　As a 1.gifted （gift） child， Beethoven was pushed by his father to study music， and not long after， he began 2.to be appreciated （appreciate） for his piano performances．By the time he was a teenager， he 3.had enjoyed （enjoy） a reputation as a wonderful young musician．However， in his late 4.twenties （twenty）， Beethoven started to suffer the loss of his hearing， which 5.deeply （deep） depressed him．Even in his darkest moments， however， Beethoven never abandoned hope.6.Despite his hearing loss， he 7.was determined （determine） to find a way to continue composing music at the piano．At last he finished his last major piece of music： Symphony No．9．On 7 May 1824， the first－ever 8.performance （perform） of it got a big success! Beethoven is considered 9.as one of the most remarkable musicians 10.who ever lived． Beethoven： a remarkable life 　　On 7 May 1824， a crowd of music lovers streamed into a theatre① in Vienna to hear the first－ever performance of the great Ludwig van Beethoven’s Symphony No．9②．The crowd immediately recognized that they were listening to something truly special， and they broke into enthusiastic cheers③ at the end of the symphony．Beethoven， who was almost completely deaf at this point in his life， was unaware of④ the audience’s response until one of the singers turned him around to face the crowd．［1］Before him， he saw a sea of people⑤ all standing， clapping， and waving their hats and handkerchiefs to express their appreciation of his masterwork⑥． 　　Symphony No．9 was Beethoven’s last major piece of music in a vast body of works written throughout his remarkable life．As a gifted child， Beethoven was pushed by his father to study music day and night．Not long after， he began to be appreciated for his piano performances⑦．By the time he was a teenager， he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful young musician⑧．Many important figures in the music world， including the brilliant musician Mozart， started making predictions about Beethoven’s extraordinary future．However， life took a sharp turn⑨．In his late twenties⑩， Beethoven suffered one of the worst possible twists for a musician： he started to lose his hearing． 　　The loss of his hearing deeply depressed Beethoven．［2］He was so upset that， at first， he wanted to keep it a secret⑪． In a letter to his brothers， he wrote， “．．．how could I possibly admit a weakness in the one sense which should be more perfect in me than in others， a sense which I once possessed in the greatest perfection ．．．” Even in his darkest moments， however， Beethoven never abandoned hope⑫．Despite his hearing loss， he was determined to find a way to continue living a life full of music．He used a variety of hearing aids⑬ to try to increase the amount of sound he could take in⑭．［3］When composing music at the piano， he would put one end of a pencil in his mouth and place the other end against the instrument so that he could feel the notes． Although Beethoven was able to continue composing music， it became increasingly difficult for him to perform in public．When Beethoven presented Symphony No．9 in Vienna in 1824， it was his first time on stage in over ten years． 　　Since that day， Beethoven’s Symphony No．9 has become one of the most famous and treasured pieces⑮ in the history of classical music．The first movement starts quietly， but all of a sudden⑯ the whole orchestra breaks into an energetic theme．You can soon feel the determination — a quality Beethoven understood well because of his hearing difficulties — coursing through the music．The next two movements are full of desperate lows and uplifting highs⑰ which perhaps reflect both his suffering and his strong will to fight it．The music moves through technically difficult sections with ease⑱， showing his genius as a composer．Finally， in the fourth movement， he connects all of the different variations into a joyful chorus⑲． 　　［4］As Beethoven’s last great work， his Symphony No．9 was also a grand finale to his life⑳ — he died less than three years after the concert in Vienna， aged 56. For his amazing achievements and for his determination even in his darkest days， Beethoven is regarded as㉑one of the most remarkable musicians who ever lived． Paras.1－3 Ⅰ．学语块之美 ①涌入剧院 ②《第九交响曲》 ③爆发出热情的欢呼 ④不知道；未意识到 ⑤人山人海 ⑥表达对这部杰作的赞赏 ⑦他的钢琴演奏已受人赏识 ⑧已被誉为一名出色的年轻音乐家 ⑨急转弯 ⑩在他近三十岁时 ⑪保守秘密 ⑫绝不放弃希望 ⑬各种各样的助听设备 ⑭吸收；领会 Ⅱ．赏词句之妙 ［1］本句see sb doing sth表示“看到某人正在做某事”，standing， clapping， and waving三个动词－ing短语构成排比，作宾语补足语，节奏明快，强化了动作的连贯性和画面的动态感。将人群比作“a sea of people”（人山人海），是比喻用法，生动形象地突出了剧院内观众数量之多。 ［2］句中so ．．．that ．．．意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。该句主要运用含蓄表达（隐性抒情） 的手法。 ［3］When composing music at the piano是时间状语从句的省略，相当于When he was composing music at the piano； when引导的省略句简化了句子结构，与so that引导的结果状语从句搭配，凸显贝多芬 “在困境中坚守音乐” 的精神。 Paras.4－5 Ⅰ．学语块之美 ⑮最著名且珍视的作品 ⑯突然，猛地 ⑰充满绝望的低谷与振奋的高潮 ⑱轻而易举地 ⑲把所有不同的变奏连接成欢乐的合唱 ⑳他人生的壮丽终章 ㉑被认为，被看作 Ⅱ．赏词句之妙 ［4］本句使用了暗喻的修辞手法，把《第九交响曲》比作贝多芬生命的终极乐章。音乐家不平凡的一生犹如一部恢宏盛大的交响曲展现在读者的面前，回响在读者的耳旁。 参考译文 贝多芬：非凡的一生 　　1824年5月7日，一群音乐爱好者涌入维也纳一家剧院，去听伟大的路德维希•凡•贝多芬《第九交响曲》的首场演出。听众很快意识到他们所听绝非凡品，演出结束的那一刻，全场爆发出热情的欢呼。当时贝多芬已近全聋，直到一位领唱扶他转过身来，面向观众，他才发觉反响之热烈。他看见眼前的人山人海全部起立，有的鼓掌，有的挥舞帽子和手帕，表达着对这部杰作的赞赏。 　　贝多芬非凡的一生留下了极为丰厚的作品，《第九交响曲》是他最后一部大型作品。贝多芬幼年即展露才华，在父亲管教下夜以继日地学习音乐。没过多久，他的钢琴演奏已受人赏识。他少年时就已被誉为一名出色的年轻音乐家。不少音乐领域的重要人物，包括才华卓绝的莫扎特，都纷纷对他不可限量的前程给出预言。然而，厄运突至，不到三十岁，贝多芬就开始经受对音乐家来说至为残酷的挫折：他的听觉开始衰退了。 　　听觉下降令贝多芬深受打击。他痛苦不堪，起初只想尽量隐瞒。他在给弟弟的信中说：“……这样一种在我身上本应比别人更加完美的感官，这样一种我曾拥有绝顶禀赋的感官，如今怎能让我承认它有了缺陷……”然而，即使在那些最晦暗的时刻，贝多芬都不曾放弃希望。虽然听不清了，但他决心想办法让生活继续充满音乐。他尝试各种各样的助听设备，让自己听到更多的声音。在钢琴上作曲时，他将铅笔的一端含在嘴里，另一端顶住钢琴，这样就能感受到音符。作曲还可以继续，但公开演出对于他而言越来越艰难了。1824年在维也纳指挥这场《第九交响曲》，是他十多年来第一次登台。 　　从此，贝多芬《第九交响曲》成为古典音乐史上最著名和最受珍视的作品之一。交响曲第一章先是在平静中开始，随后，乐队全体猛然奏出一个强烈的主题。很快你就能感受到这种贯穿在音乐中的决心，这是贝多芬因自己的听力问题而深刻体会到的品质。接下来的两个乐章，充满了绝望的低声部和激越的高声部，或许分别反映了作曲家的痛苦和与之抗争的坚强意志。这首乐曲将技术上棘手的部分处理得轻松自如，显示出他作为作曲家的天赋。最后，在第四乐章中，他把所有不同的变奏连接成欢乐的合唱。 　　《第九交响曲》是贝多芬最后一部伟大的作品，也是他的人生绝唱——距这场维也纳音乐会举办未满三年，他就去世了，终年五十六岁。他惊人的艺术成就，以及在至暗岁月里都不曾动摇的顽强毅力，使他被公认为有史以来最卓越的音乐家之一。 Part Ⅱ　Language Points Ⅰ．阅读词汇 1.improve traffic flow改善交通流量 2.the manned spacecraft　　载人航天（飞行）器/飞船 3.solar energy　　太阳能 4.recordings on discs and cassettes　　唱片和盒式磁带上的录音 5.a fast lane　　快车道 6.have a good/bad reputation　　有一个好/坏名声 7.an extraordinary achievement　　卓越/非凡的成就 8.regional/seasonal variation　　地区性/季节性变化 9.college students’ chorus　　大学生合唱团 10.a complicated system　　复杂的系统 Ⅱ．写作词汇 1.greet us with a smile now and then 时不时对我们微笑相迎 2.give the sky a blank stare　　茫然地盯着天空 3.unusual living arrangements　　不同寻常的生活安排方式 4.grab several pieces of bread　　抓起几片面包 5.sweep the room clean　　把房间打扫干净 6.be remarkable for its beautiful scenery　　以其优美的景色而引人注目 7.one of the most brilliant minds in the country　　全国最才华横溢的人之一 8. be upset about missing the last train home　　为错过了回家的末班车而沮丧 9.sing and dance with abandon　　尽情地唱歌、跳舞 Ⅲ．多义词汇 1.①distant mountains遥远的山脉 ②a distant manner/look 　　冷淡的态度/表情 ③a distant cousin 　　远房堂亲 2.①the volume of a container 　　容器的容积 ②turn up the volume　　调高音量 ③trading volume　　交易额 Ⅳ．拓展词汇 1.suitable adj．合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的→suit vt．满足需要；相配，合身 n．套装，西装，西服 2.recording n．录音，视频；录制；记录，记载→record v．记录，记载 n．唱片 3.distant adj．遥远的，远处的，久远的；冷淡的；远亲的→distance n．距离；远方 4.accompany vt．陪同，陪伴；伴随，与……同时发生；为……伴奏→company n．公司；陪伴 5.expectation n．希望，盼望；预料，预期；期望，指望→expect vt．预料；预计；等待；期待；期望；指望vi．猜想；认为；料想→unexpected adj．出乎意料的 6.enthusiastic adj．热情的，热心的→enthusiastically adv．热情地，热心地→enthusiasm n．热心，热忱，热情 7.gifted adj．有才华的，有天赋的→gift n．礼物；天赋；赠品 8.prediction n．预言，预测→predict v．预言，预知；断言 9.depress vt．使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气→depressed adj．感到沮丧的；意志消沉的→depression n．沮丧；消沉→depressing adj．令人沮丧的；令人丧气的 10.possess vt．具有（特质）；拥有；支配，控制→possession n．占有；拥有；所有；所有物；财产；财富 Ⅴ．短语互译 1.get down to （doing） sth 　　　　　　　　 开始做某事，开始认真注意（或对待）某事 2.all of a sudden　　突然，猛地 3.think highly of　　高度评价 4.get tired of 　　对……感到厌倦；厌烦； 　　对……厌烦 5.show up　　出现；到场；露面 6.turn up 　　调大（音量）；到来；出现 7.hold one’s breath　　屏住呼吸 8.can’t wait to do sth　　迫不及待做某事 9.reflect on　　认真思考；反思；考虑 10.a crowd of　　一群；许多 11.stream into　　不断涌进；源源不断地流入 12.at the end of　　在……的末端；在……的尽头 13.be unaware of　　没有意识到 14.a variety of　　各种各样的；多种多样的 15.course through　　通过，流经 16.be regarded as　　被看作 Ⅵ．完成句子 1.by the time引导时间状语从句 By the time he was a teenager， he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful young musician． 他少年时就已被誉为一名出色的年轻音乐家。 2.状语从句的省略 When composing music at the piano， he would put one end of a pencil in his mouth and place the other end against the instrument so that he could feel the notes． 在钢琴上作曲时，他将铅笔的一端含在嘴里，另一端顶住钢琴，这样就能感受到音符。 写作词汇集释 1.a crowd of 一群；许多 教材原句　On 7 May 1824， a crowd of music lovers streamed into a theatre in Vienna to hear the first－ever performance of the great Ludwig van Beethoven’s Symphony No.9. 1824年5月7日，一群音乐爱好者涌入维也纳一家剧院，去听伟大的路德维希•凡•贝多芬《第九交响曲》的首场演出。 【用法】 （1）crowds of一群；许多 （2）crowd in （on sb）　　（想法、问题等）涌上（某人心头），涌入（某人脑海） crowd around　　聚焦在……周围，聚拢 （3）crowded adj． 　　拥挤的；塞满的 be crowded with 　　充满……，满是…… 【佳句】　A crowd of/Crowds of tourists gathered in front of the famous landmark to take photos． 一群游客聚集在著名地标前拍照。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The beautiful beach was crowded （crowd） with sunbathers in summer． ②Doubts began to crowd in on him as he faced the difficult decision． 【写美】　完成句子 ③When I saw the old photo album， memories of my childhood crowded into my mind． 当我看到那本旧相册时，童年的回忆涌入我的脑海。 2.enthusiastic adj．热情的，热心的→enthusiastically adv．热情地，热心地→enthusiasm n．热心，热忱，热情 教材原句　The crowd immediately recognized that they were listening to something truly special， and they broke into enthusiastic cheers at the end of the symphony． 听众很快意识到他们所听绝非凡品，演出结束的那一刻，全场爆发出热情的欢呼。 【用法】 （1）be enthusiastic about （doing） sth 对（做）某事的热心，对（做）某事的热情 be enthusiastic to do sth对做某事热心 （2）with enthusiasm　　热情地，热心地 lack/be full of enthusiasm　　缺乏/充满热情 【佳句】　I am not only enthusiastic but also easy to get along with/Not only am I enthusiastic but I am also easy to get along with， which makes me qualified for the voluntary work in the approaching provincial sports games．　（申请信） 我不仅热情而且容易相处，这使我能够胜任即将到来的省运会的志愿者工作。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①She has always been enthusiastic about protecting the environment， organizing clean－up events in her community． ②We are enthusiastic to help （help） the local community with the environmental protection project． ③The audience cheered enthusiastically （enthusiastic） when the famous singer appeared on stage． 【写美】　完成句子 ④The young athlete stepped onto the track， full of enthusiasm for the race． 年轻的运动员走上跑道，对比赛充满热情。 3.depress vt．使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气→depressed adj．感到沮丧的；意志消沉的→depression n．沮丧；消沉→depressing adj．令人沮丧的；令人丧气的 教材原句　The loss of his hearing deeply depressed Beethoven． 听觉下降令贝多芬深受打击。 【用法】 depress sb使某人抑郁；使某人沮丧 It depresses sb to do sth　　做某事使某人感到沮丧 【佳句】　The depressing environment and constant failures easily depress those who are easily affected， making them feel depressed for a long time and even trapped in deep depression． 这种令人压抑的环境和接连不断的失败很容易使那些易受影响的人感到沮丧，让他们长期情绪低落，甚至陷入严重的抑郁之中。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①It depresses her to think that she might not get the job she applied for． ②It was a depressing （depress） sight to see the once bustling town now in ruins． 【写美】　完成句子 ③She felt so depressed about/over/at the result that she found herself crying unconsciously．　（情感描写） 她对这个结果感到如此沮丧，以至于她发现自己不知不觉地哭了。 4.possess vt．具有（特质）；拥有；支配，控制→possession n．占有；拥有；所有；所有物；财产；财富 教材原句　．．．how could I possibly admit a weakness in the one sense which should be more perfect in me than in others， a sense which I once possessed in the greatest perfection ．．． ……这样一种在我身上本应比别人更加完美的感官，这样一种我曾拥有绝顶禀赋的感官，如今怎能让我承认它有了缺陷…… 【用法】 （1）be possessed of有；拥有 （2）be in possession of =have possession of　　拥有；占有 be in the possession of sb=be in one’s possession　　为某人所有；归某人所有 take possession of 　　占领；夺取 【佳句】　It’s said that the gallery possesses a number of the artist’s early works． 据说，这座画廊藏有那位画家的一些早期作品。 As one of China’s Four Great Classical Novels， the book possesses great wisdom and represents the essence of Chinese， which makes it worth reading．　（中国文化） 作为中国四大名著之一，这本书具有极大的智慧，展现了中文的精髓，值得一读。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①（人教选必四）The only possessions （possess） I could see were one broom， a few saucers， a kettle， cups， pans， and a couple of jars． ②When Captain Cook landed in New Zealand in 1769，he took possession of it in the name of the British Crown． ③The old man is possessed （possess） of great wisdom and is always consulted by the villagers． 【写美】　一句多译 ④据说一位年轻人拥有这家公司。 →It’s said that a young man has possession of/is in possession of the company．（possession n．） →It’s said that the company is in the possession of a young man．（possession n．） 重点句型解构 1.句型公式：by the time引导时间状语从句 教材原句　By the time he was a teenager， he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful young musician． 他少年时就已被誉为一名出色的年轻音乐家。 【用法】 by the time“到……时候为止”，在句子中起连接作用，引导时间状语从句。 （1）by the time＋从句（一般现在时或现在完成时），主句常用将来完成时。 （2）by the time＋从句（一般过去时），主句常用过去完成时。 【品悟】　By the time she has completed the course， she will have mastered the basics of programming． 到她完成这门课程的时候，她将已经掌握了编程的基础知识。 【写美】　完成句子 ①By the time you arrive tonight， I will have finished cooking dinner． 到你今晚抵达的时候，我应该已经做好晚饭了。 ②By the time she woke up， her mother had prepared breakfast． 她醒来的时候，她妈妈已经做好早餐了。 ③By the time he finished his speech， the audience stood up and applauded． 他结束演讲的时候，观众站起来鼓掌。 2.句型公式：when引导的状语从句的省略 教材原句　When composing music at the piano， he would put one end of a pencil in his mouth and place the other end against the instrument so that he could feel the notes． 在钢琴上作曲时，他将铅笔的一端含在嘴里，另一端顶住钢琴，这样就能感受到音符。 【用法】 （1）当when引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或主语为it，且谓语部分含有be动词时，这时可把从句的主语（或it）连同be动词省略掉，省略后的部分为“when＋分词/介词短语/形容词/名词短语等”。 （2）引导状语从句时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词的连词还有while， once， as， as if， unless， until， even if， though， if等。 【品悟】　（外研选必一）For instance， while on a lecture tour of the United States， Twain went into a barber’s shop to get a haircut and a shave． 例如，有一次在美国巡回演讲时，马克•吐温走进一家理发店理发和刮脸。 【写美】　完成句子/句式升级 ①Unless （you are） invited， you can’t enter the hall． 除非被邀请，否则你不能进入大厅。 ②When walking alone in the autumn woods， one can hear the whisper of falling leaves． 当独自漫步在秋日的林中时，可以听见落叶的私语。 ③Where （it is） possible， plants should be watered regularly． 在可能的地方，植物应该定期浇水。 ④Once it is formed， the bad habits are hard to get rid of． →Once formed， the bad habits are hard to get rid of．（省略句） 􀳁维度一：品句填词 根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。 1.（2025•全国二卷）Helping the community lowers rates of depression． 2.（2025•北京卷）Not standing a chance against competitive applicants， I came out of the interview with an upset look． 3.The brilliant scientist won numerous awards for his groundbreaking research． 4.As soon as their favorite singer appeared on stage， the enthusiastic fans cheered loudly． 5.If you insist on keeping diaries in English every day， you can improve your written English with ease．　 6.The woman acquired a good reputation （名声） as a genius artist due to her remarkable achievements． 7.The young dancer has a remarkable （非凡的） talent that shines through every performance． 8.Since reindeer were always on the move， the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany （陪同） them． 9. （北师大选必二）They didn’t want to abandon （放弃） what they’d always thought as true． 10.The desperate （绝望的） man would do anything to find his missing child． 􀳁维度二：词形转换 用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 1.（人教选必二）Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted （gift） scientists in physics． 2.Landing on the moon was one of humanity’s greatest achievements （achieve）． 3.As he was not allowed to accompany （company） her to the shops， he wrote out a list of items for her． 4.The weather prediction （predict） said it would rain tomorrow， so we’d better bring umbrellas． 5.After losing his job， he fell into a deep depression （depress） and didn’t want to talk to anyone． 6.We shouldn’t get discouraged right after failures．Rather， we should keep trying with enthusiasm （enthusiastic）． 􀳁维度三：固定搭配和句式 根据汉语和括号内的提示完成下列句子。 1.看到他的孩子们正在准备母亲节早餐，父亲踮着脚进入厨房。（动词－ing短语作状语） Seeing his children preparing a Mother’s Day breakfast， the father tiptoed into the kitchen． 2.等你到达的时候，我们将已经完成所有的准备工作。（by the time引导时间状语从句） By the time you arrive， we will have finished all the preparations． 3.凝望远山时，他感到一种古老的宁静落入心间。（状语从句的省略） While gazing at the distant mountains， he felt an ancient peace settle in his heart． 4.表演是如此吸引人，它触动了我的心灵，减轻了我的压力。（so ．．．that ．．．；倒装） So attractive was the performance that it touched my heart and eased me of my pressure． 5.我们生活在人们所说的信息时代，所以一切皆有可能。（what引导宾语从句） We’re living in what people call “Information Age”， so everything is possible． Ⅰ．阅读理解 　　From people’s brains， a song was just picked by scientists．In a new experiment， electrodes measured their brain activity as they listened to a song．From those measurements， a computer could then produce noises that sounded like the song the people had heard． 　　The 29 participants were in the hospital and had electrodes fixed in their brains．These electrodes were meant to track the source of their epilepsy， a disorder of the nervous system．For part of that time， they listened to a song — Another Brick in the Wall．But in this experiment， the researchers found an additional use for the electrodes．They used them to catch the electrical signals moving between brain cells， or neurons （神经元）． 　　Neurons responded to the song — especially in parts of the brain involved in processing sound．Electrodes detected neural signals associated with hearing rhythm， harmony and other aspects of music．With that information， the team built a computer model to create sounds based on brain activity．And it was able to produce noises that sounded like the original song． 　　“It’s a real tour de force，” says Robert Zatorre， a neuroscientist in Canada．“You’re recording the activity of neurons directly from the brain， so you get very direct information about exactly what the patterns of activity are．” 　　The new study also highlights which parts of the brain respond to different aspects of music．Take one known as the Superior Temporal Gyrus （STG）， an area of the brain that is in charge of sound and language．It’s found in the lower middle of each side of the brain．Activity in one part of the STG got stronger at the onset of specific sounds．Say when a guitar note played．Another area of the STG became obviously more active when it heard singing． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐释了研究人员在实验中通过电极测量人们听音乐时的大脑活动，并利用计算机模型成功“重现”了音乐。 1.What’s the nature of the application of detecting signals by the electrodes？（　　） A．It’s an improper practice． B．It’s an accidental move． C．It’s an efficient tracking method． D．It’s an effective approach to treating epilepsy． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句至段尾可知，在追踪参与者癫痫的来源时他们发现了电极检测大脑神经元信号的用途。由此可知，电极检测信号的应用实际上是一个无意的举动。 2.What was the computer model intended to do？（　　） A．Discover neural signals． B．Watch brain activity． C．Analyze different brain activities． D．Translate neural signals into music． 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句至段尾可知，计算机模型的目的是将神经信号转换成音乐。 3.What does the author mainly want to show in the last paragraph？（　　） A．The brain is made up of different areas． B．The new study proves the complexity of the brain． C．Different brain areas pick up various aspects of music． D．Different styles of music cause different brain activities． 解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段，尤其是第一句可推知，作者在最后一段主要想表达的是不同的大脑区域接收音乐的不同方面。 4.What can be a suitable title for the text？（　　） A．New Fields for Music Study B．Reproduce Music from the Brain C．A Real Blessing for Music Lovers D．Create Computer Models for Brain Research 解析：B　标题归纳题。文章主要说明了研究人员在实验中通过电极测量人们听音乐时的大脑活动并利用计算机模型“重现”音乐。故B项（从大脑中复制音乐）最适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五 􀳁　　（2026•江苏宿迁高二上期末）Standing on stage， singing a ballad （民谣） at a local Chinese festival， is a core memory for Kien Vuu.5.　　 While he was too young to understand the words， he was always singing Part of the Game， a 1970s song by Hong Kong pop group The Wynners — he did understand how much he loved performing music， especially with his family． 　　Vuu did not grow up to become a professional singer.6.　　 Later， he was a longevity doctor and also assistant professor of health science at UCLA．Yet he never lost his love for singing， so he made time regularly for karaoke sessions with his own children． 　　Apparently， for Dr．Vuu， singing with families fosters great affection and shared moments．It also creates an atmosphere where emotions can be expressed freely.7.　　 The moments brought by it are not only a pastime but also a connection to his roots and a bridge to his loved ones． 　　8.　　 Just as Dr．Vuu says， as a doctor and researcher， he has become convinced that having hobbies is an essential part of living and aging well．He easily relates the benefits he gets from singing．In addition to boosting his mood， he says singing helps improve his memory and mental health， lower his stress and even give him a bit of cardio （有氧运动）． 　　For a small investment， that’s a lot of return．And the best news is that all these great mental and physical health benefits can come from any activity that “lights you up”， as Dr．Vuu puts it．Now， people feel very strongly about the importance of having hobbies， whose benefits are immense.9.　　 A．Hobbies may improve your cognitive health． B．His work offers several insights into singing． C．The benefits you reap will depend on your hobby． D．Instead， he chose medical school and became Kien Vuu， MD． E．Karaoke is the very thing that lights him up and brings him joy． F．The positive health outcomes of hobbies are available to everyone． G．When he was just six years old， he was the youngest of his family band． 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了Kien Vuu对唱歌的热爱以及爱好对人们身心健康的积极影响。 5.G　上文说明Kien Vuu有关于唱歌的深刻记忆。G项（当他只有六岁的时候，他是他家庭乐队里最年轻的成员）和上文为顺接关系，其中的he was the youngest of his family band呼应上文中的a core memory，When he was just six years old呼应下文中的While he was too young to understand the words。 6.D　上文说明Vuu长大后没有成为歌手。D项（相反，他选择了医学院，成为了医学博士Kien Vuu）和上文为转折关系，下句证明了Kien Vuu选择了医生这个职业。 7.E　上文说明和家人唱歌的好处。E项（卡拉OK正是让他兴奋并给他带来快乐的事情）和上文为顺接关系，举例说明什么样的音乐场合能营造一种可以自由表达情感的氛围，下文中的 it指代Karaoke。 8.A　空后一句说明本段主要讲述Vuu博士对爱好的看法。A项（爱好可能会改善你的认知健康）统领全段，适合作为段落主旨句。 9.F　上句说明爱好很重要且好处多。空处应承接上文，进一步说明爱好的普遍益处。F项（爱好对健康的积极影响是每个人都能享受到的）中的The positive health outcomes of hobbies和上句中的the importance of having hobbies呼应。 Ⅲ．完形填空 􀳁　　（2026•江苏扬州大学附中月考）Music can make us happy， peaceful or sad．As an orchestra （管弦乐队） conductor， Amy Anderson brings music to life， allowing people to experience many 　10　 that music can give． 　　Anderson fell in love with music when she was a child．She began playing the piano at seven and started composing at nine．She bought many videos 　11　 by the world’s great orchestras and conductors and listened to them for hours on end． 　　During a concert， the audience see the 　12　 of a conductor and the arm movements he or she makes．What audiences do not see is all the work the conductor has done before the 　13　． 　　Months before a concert， Anderson studies the music by 　14　 it on the piano．She listens to recordings， reads about the composer’s life， and reviews historical events that would have influenced the composer．Her goal is to recreate the music as the composer 　15　． 　　While conducting， Anderson uses her whole body to 　16　 how the music should sound and feel．Her 　17　 are dramatic （激动人心的） when the music is 　18　 and gentle when the music is peaceful． 　　To help young musicians better 　19　 how to play the music， Anderson might tell them to imagine a 　20　 and leisurely walk or a ship being tossed （颠簸） by waves． 　　 “It is music’s ability to reach people that I value most，” said Anderson．She has seen audiences at her concerts 　21　， clap together in rhythm， and shout “Bravo!” 　22　， audiences are moved to tears．After one concert in Serbia， audiences 　23　 around the orchestra’s buses and cheered for the young musicians as they climbed aboard． 　　Anderson is happy， knowing that she and the musicians have changed lives for the better， 　24　 spirits and brought joy to people． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了乐队指挥Amy Anderson指挥的音乐，能让观众体会到音乐中所包含的许多情感。 10.A．thoughts　　 B．changes　 C．feelings　　 D．characters 解析：C　根据文章首句可知，音乐能使人感到开心，平和或悲伤，这些都是音乐带给人的感受。 􀳁11.A．caught　 B．directed C．invented　 D．recorded 解析：D　根据空后的by the world’s great orchestras and conductors可知，videos 是由许多世界上最伟大的管弦乐队和指挥家录制出来的。 􀳁12.A．shadow　 B．back C．chest　 D．nose 解析：B　根据空后的of a conductor可知，音乐会上，指挥一般是背对着观众的，因此观众只能看到他的背部和手上的动作。 􀳁13.A．task　 B．game C．schedule　 D．performance 解析：D　根据上句以及前后逻辑可知，观众能看到音乐会上指挥的背和动作，但却看不到音乐会前他所作的准备工作。 􀳁14.A．playing　 B．repeating C．making　 D．beating 解析：A　根据空前的Anderson studies the music和空后的on the piano可知，Anderson主要通过不断在钢琴上弹奏该曲子来研究。 􀳁15.A．recommended　 B．encouraged C．expected　 D．intended 解析：D　根据空前的as the composer可知，Anderson不断弹奏曲子，是希望能按照作曲家们原本创作时的想法，把曲子再创作出来。 􀳁16.A．judge　 B．express C．prove　 D．explain 解析：B　根据空前的uses her whole body可知，在指挥时，Anderson用她的整个身体来表达音乐。 􀳁17.A．movements　 B．voices C．gestures　 D．manners 解析：A　根据空后的when the music is可知，当音乐充满活力时，她的动作很夸张。 􀳁18.A．quiet　 B．sad C．energetic　 D．magical 解析：C　根据句首的Her 　17　 are dramatic可知，当音乐充满活力时，她的动作是戏剧性的。 􀳁19.A．plan　 B．understand C．decide　 D．respond 解析：B　根据后半句可知，此处是在教年轻音乐家们如何“更好地理解”音乐。 􀳁20.A．calm　 B．violent C．short　 D．sensitive 解析：A　根据空后的and leisurely walk可知，能与leisurely构成并列的词，只有calm，此处表示“平静悠闲地步行”。 􀳁21.A．touch　 B．escape C．applaud　 D．nod 解析：C　根据空后的clap together in rhythm， and shout “Bravo!”可知，她的音乐会很棒，经常受到观众的鼓掌和欢呼。 􀳁22.A．Regularly　 B．Hopefully C．Fortunately　 D．Hardly 解析：A　根据上句中的clap together in rhythm， and shout “Bravo!”可知，因为太好了，通常，观众会被感动得流下眼泪。 􀳁23.A．collected　 B．approached C．surrounded　 D．gathered 解析：D　根据空后的around the orchestra’s buses and cheered for the young musicians as they climbed aboard可知，这些观众聚集在巴士周围，为他们欢呼。 gather常与around搭配，表示“围在一起”。 􀳁24.A．took up　 B．tuned up C．lifted up　 D．gave up 解析：C　根据空后的spirits可知，此处指鼓舞了人们的精神。 Ⅳ．读后续写 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 􀳁　　（2026•厦门大学附属科技中学高二上期中） A GIFT FOR GRANDPA 　　Summer vacation was coming．Andy and his brother Berlin were filled with excitement as they thought of visiting their grandparents again． 　　The big day came at last．After the happy family got ready， they set out for the grandparents’ eagerly．On the way， the brothers were excitedly talking about the fun they had with grandparents． 　　A little blue house with a tall white chimney finally appeared．Behind the house was the forest carrying their good memories with Grandpa．They arrived at the driveway， at the end of which Grandma was waiting for them joyfully． 　　Andy and Berlin each gave Grandma a big hug and then swept to the living room， shouting excitedly “Grandpa， we are back!” 　　Seeing his grandsons， Grandpa was wild with joy and tried to get up with all his strength from the chair but in vain．A helpless expression flashed on his face．Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and maybe couldn’t stand up on his own forever．But Grandpa declared stubbornly （倔强地）， “I can!” Certainly， he was stuck in his boyish way．Mum and grandparents were happy to meet again after a long time．They sat together and chatted about what happened recently． 　　The brothers were soon bored with adult conversation， went out and wandered into the forest．Tall trees stretched up to the heavens with large branches crossing each other， while young ones rose straight like soldiers．Grandpa was once an intelligent explorer．He could tell where the birds came from only by their calls and songs．The trees， birds， lizards， lots of bugs ．．．How many merry moments they spent with Grandpa in the kingdom! 　　But now Grandpa couldn’t get up．This made them worried．“We’d think out a way to cheer him up．” Andy said．“Grandpa is a bird lover， and we can catch him a bird．” Berlin suggested．“But he hates birds being caged!” Andy shook his head． 　　Then a bright idea came to Andy’s mind．“Why not make a cane （拐杖） out of a young tree!” 注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式作答。 　　Berlin thought it was a good idea．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　Andy and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa． 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考范文： 　　Berlin thought it was a good idea． With the tools fetched from the backyard， they returned to the forest to search for an appropriate young tree for a cane．Hardly had they selected one when they got started with their BIG PROJECT．Andy， the elder brother， took on the job of cutting it down， while Berlin， who was younger and more creative， was responsible for decoration．Hard as it might seem to them， they never thought about quitting．After what seemed a long time， an elegant and tough cane appeared．Both of them were more than satisfied with their work and couldn’t wait to rush home． 　　Andy and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa． The instant he saw it， he knew what it was all about．Deeply touched by the grandsons’ gift， he took it with great excitement and tapped it on the ground several times．Obviously， he attempted to stand up with it．With the encouragement of the two brothers， he struggled to get up， slowly walking towards the forest．A cheerful and joyful expression， which Andy and Berlin had expected of Grandpa， flashed on his face．It was at that moment that they literally felt all the efforts to make the cane were all worth it． 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