Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the Unit & Reading(Word教参)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（译林版）

本讲义围绕《梁祝》小提琴协奏曲与乡村音乐主题的邮件文本，构建“语篇理解-语言分析-思维提升”学习支架，系统梳理主旨与结构归纳、细节信息提取、复杂句翻译及语法填空等知识点，形成从输入到输出的语言学习脉络。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，通过“语篇赏读”分析音乐描述的语块与修辞（如拟人的“whispering to the audience”）提升表达，结合《梁祝》中西元素融合与乡村音乐文化背景渗透文化理解。设计批判性（评价音乐融合）与创造性（联想音乐画面）思维活动，助力思维品质提升。课中分层活动辅助教师引导深度理解，课后词汇语法练习帮助学生查漏补缺，巩固知识。

Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading Part Ⅰ　Reading Comprehension Activity 1　Reading for Main Idea and Structure 1.Skim to find out the main idea of the two emails． The main idea of the two emails is about some information related to a violin concerto and country music． 2.Read for structure and clues． Activity 2　Reading for Details Read the two emails carefully and choose the best answers． 1.What did Alice do last night？（　　） A．She got an email from Lucy． B．She enjoyed a beautiful violin concerto． C．She interviewed He Zhanhao and Chen Gang． D．She took part in an amazing journey． 2.What kind of music is played when Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai meet？（　　） A．Sad and fast． B．Soft and bitter． C．Light and pleasant．　 D．Loud and exciting． 3.What can we know about Butterfly Lovers？（　　） A．Butterfly Lovers is a violin concerto． B．Butterfly Lovers is a beautiful piano performance． C．Butterfly Lovers is performed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang． D．Butterfly Lovers is directed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang． 4.What does country music show？（　　） A．A plenty of humour． B．The sad life of people in rural America． C．The green fields and simple life of the countryside． D．The emotional connection between the audience and musicians． 5.What can we learn about country music？（　　） A．The tunes are not easy to sing． B．All of the songs are about hardship and heartbreak． C．When listening to country music，you can feel an emotional connection with the musicians． D．It influences the development of such music types as the blues and folk music． 答案：1－5　BCACC Activity 3　Reading for Elevating Thinking 1.The violin concerto Butterfly Lovers is a combination of Chinese and Western musical elements．What do you think of this combination？（Critical Thinking 批判性思维） I think this combination is quite successful．By composing Chinese music using Western instruments， the composers show that music has no boundaries — indeed a universal language． 2.What image is formed in your mind while listening to the famous country music Take Me Home， Country Roads？（Creative Thinking 创造性思维） A long and quiet path lined with green trees runs through the enormous fields surrounded by blue mountains，towards a beautiful farmhouse — my dreaming home． Activity 4　Reading for Analyzing Complex Sentences 1. 尝试翻译：最后，在最激昂的部分，乐曲转而柔缓，以凄美的曲调收尾，它告诉我们，这对情侣化蝶而去，永世不再分离。 2. 尝试翻译：我显然不知道在美国乡村长大究竟是什么样子，但是乡村音乐的大师们，比如约翰•丹佛，能让你觉得身临其境。 Activity 5　Fill in the Blanks According to the Text 　　The first email is written by Alice to Lucy，which introduces Butterfly Lovers，a beautiful violin concerto 1.composed （compose） by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang．In the classic story， the two lovers， Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai，2.are torn（tear） apart by their families．What impresses us most is that when Liang falls sick and dies， Zhu jumps into his grave without hesitation.3.Finally （final）， the couple transform 4.into butterflies and fly away to be together forever．Butterfly Lovers combines Chinese and Western musical elements perfectly， 5.showing （show） that music is indeed a universal language． 　　The second email is written by Harry to Stephen．It’s about country music，which became popular in the south of America in 6.the 1940s and then spread across the nation.7.It is because it originated from blues and folk music that many similar instruments，such as the guitar，are used．Most of the songs are about 8.hardship（hard） and heartbreak，but also about hope．Country music shows the 9.peaceful （peace） green fields and simple life of the countryside，10.whose simple tunes and beautiful natural images can make you feel like you’re there． Understanding culture through music Hi Lucy， 　　So glad to get your email．I hope everything is fine with you．Last night， I watched a performance of Butterfly Lovers， a beautiful violin concerto① composed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang．It’s a piece that really deserves to be heard②． 　　The music took me through the twists and turns of a classic story about a young couple torn apart by their families③．［1］When the two lovers， Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai， first meet， the music is light and pleasant， as if whispering to the audience．It is followed by a fast and cheerful section which represents their three happy years of school④．Then the music gets dramatic with heavier notes⑤ and that is when the lovers are separated because Zhu’s father forces her to marry another man．Angry and sad， Liang falls sick and dies．Zhu weeps bitterly over the loss of her love⑥．Overcome with sorrow⑦， she jumps into his grave．［2］ Finally， during the most exciting part， the music takes a softer turn and ends on a bittersweet note， telling us how the couple transform into butterflies⑧ and fly away to be together forever． It is an amazing journey! 　　［3］Butterfly Lovers combines Chinese and Western musical elements⑨：it is played on Western instruments such as the violin， but more significantly， much of the music has its roots in Chinese Yue Opera．This unique combination has made me realize that music is indeed a universal language．You should definitely listen to Butterfly Lovers — I bet you’ll like it! 　　All the best， 　　Alice Dear Stephen， 　　Life here in Nashville is as interesting as I thought it would be．My host family are big fans of country music⑩， so I can always rely on them to introduce me to some great songs．I love learning about country music and I keep asking them questions about it all the time! 　　It turns out that country music became popular right here in the south of America in the 1940s and then spread across the nation．［4］It grew out of such music types as the blues and folk music， so the musicians use many similar instruments， such as the guitar．［5］The tunes are easy to sing， and the lyrics often leave you deep in thought⑪． Most of the songs are about hardship and heartbreak， but also about hope — with plenty of humour thrown in for good measure⑫．You can feel an emotional connection between you and the musicians． 　　Country music shows the peaceful green fields and simple life of the countryside．Obviously I don’t know what it’s truly like to grow up in rural America， but the masters of country music， like John Denver， can make you feel like you’re there⑬．［6］The simple tunes and beautiful natural images are often very suggestive of countryside surroundings⑭： 　　Almost heaven， West Virginia 　　Blue Ridge Mountains， Shenandoah River 　　Life is old there， older than the trees 　　Younger than the mountains， growing like a breeze 　　（From “Take Me Home， Country Roads” by John Denver） 　　Why don’t you try to listen to some great country music？ I guarantee you’ll enjoy it! 　　Best wishes， 　　Harry Email 1 Ⅰ．学语块之美 ①一首优美的小提琴协奏曲 ②值得一听 ③一对被双方家庭拆散的年轻情侣 ④代表他们同窗三载的快乐时光 ⑤曲调突然变得沉重 ⑥为失去挚爱而痛哭 ⑦悲痛欲绝 ⑧化作蝴蝶 ⑨融合了中西方的音乐元素 Ⅱ．赏词句之妙 ［1］句中as if whispering to the audience使用了拟人的修辞手法，将轻柔愉悦的乐声描述成是在和观众低声耳语，既体现了语言的美感，又形象地介绍了这一段音乐要传达的内容。 ［2］此句捕捉了音乐高潮处的精妙转折。takes a softer turn描绘了音色与强度的变化，ends on a bittersweet note则用一个高度凝练的比喻“bittersweet”（苦乐参半），将悲剧的死亡与浪漫的化蝶这一对矛盾情感融为一体，telling us完成了从听觉感受到神话想象的跨越。 ［3］短语more significantly和has its roots in形象地解释了《梁祝》这首乐曲虽然用西方乐器演奏，但曲调多源于中国的越剧。 Email 2 Ⅰ．学语块之美 ⑩乡村音乐的铁杆粉丝 ⑪发人深省 ⑫额外增添了很多幽默元素 ⑬让你觉得身临其境 ⑭唤起对乡村环境的联想 Ⅱ．赏词句之妙 ［4］短语grew out of（源于）生动描绘了乡村音乐从蓝调与民谣的土壤中自然生发、有机演变的过程。so引导的结果从句，完成了一次从“根”到“果”的音乐史简述。 ［5］句中The tunes are easy to sing ．．．为高级表达，结构是： 主语＋be＋形容词＋（for sb） to do ．．．。 ［6］形容词simple与beautiful直接点明音乐与意象的特质。核心妙笔在于suggestive of（令人联想到）的使用。它没有用直白的describe（描述），而是表明音乐通过旋律和歌词的暗示，在听众脑海中主动唤起、构建出乡村的图景。这个词赋予了音乐和听众一种互动共创的关系，强调了艺术欣赏中想象力的参与，使表达更具深度和美感。 参考译文 透过音乐理解文化 露西： 　　你好!很高兴收到你的电邮。希望你一切都好。昨晚，我看了《梁祝》的演出，这是一首优美的小提琴协奏曲，由何占豪和陈钢创作。这部作品真的值得一听。 　　这首乐曲带着我体验了一个跌宕起伏的经典故事，故事讲的是一对被双方家庭拆散的年轻情侣。当两个相爱的人，梁山伯与祝英台初次相见时，音乐轻柔愉悦，像是在和观众低声耳语。随后是欢快的一节，代表两人同窗三载的快乐时光。接下来，曲调突然变得沉重，此时这对情侣被拆散，因为祝英台的父亲逼她另嫁他人。梁山伯悲愤交加，染病而亡。祝英台为失挚爱而痛哭。她悲痛欲绝，于是跳进了梁山伯的坟墓。最后，在最激昂的部分，乐曲转而柔缓，以凄美的曲调收尾，它告诉我们，这对情侣化蝶而去，永世不再分离。真是一段美妙的旅程! 　　《梁祝》融合了中西方的音乐元素：以西方乐器，譬如小提琴等演奏，但更重要的是，其曲调大多源自中国的越剧。这种独特的交融使我认识到，音乐的确是一种世界语言。你真该听一听《梁祝》——我保证你一定会喜欢它! 祝一切顺利! 爱丽丝 亲爱的斯蒂芬： 　　在纳什维尔的生活和我之前料想得一样有趣。我（寄宿）的主人家是乡村音乐的“铁杆粉丝”，所以我一直相信他们能给我介绍一些很棒的歌曲。我喜欢了解乡村音乐，一直在请教他们关于乡村音乐的问题。 　　原来，20 世纪40年代乡村音乐正是在美国南部这里流行起来的，随后传遍整个美国。它源于诸如布鲁斯和民谣这样的音乐，所以音乐家们使用很多类似的乐器，比如吉他。乡村音乐的调子朗朗上口，歌词常常发人深省。大部分歌曲唱的是艰难与心碎，但也有希望——其中还附加了很多幽默元素。你可以感受到自己与音乐家之间的那种情感的联系。 　　乡村音乐展现的是乡村静谧的绿野和质朴的生活。我显然不知道在美国乡村长大究竟是什么样子，但是乡村音乐的大师们，比如约翰•丹佛，能让你觉得身临其境。简单的曲调和唯美的大自然的画面很容易使人联想到乡村的环境： 　　西弗吉尼亚，简直就是天堂 　　蓝岭山脉，谢南多厄河 　　那里生命古老，比树更年长 　　又比群山年轻，像风一样生长 　　（摘自约翰•丹佛《乡村路带我回家》） 　　你为什么不试试听几首很棒的乡村音乐？我保证你会喜欢的! 谨致最美好的祝福， 哈里 Part Ⅱ　Language Points Ⅰ．阅读词汇 1.Beethoven’s Symphony No．9贝多芬的《第九交响曲》 2.a piano concerto　　一首钢琴协奏曲 3.dig one’s own grave　　自掘坟墓 4.one of the famous blues singers　　著名的布鲁斯 歌手之一 5.play a tune on the piano　　用钢琴弹一首曲子 6.lyric poetry　　抒情诗 7.rural areas　　农村地区 8.sway in the breeze　　在微风中摇摆 9.a jazz band　　一个爵士乐队 10.go through the arch　　穿过拱门 11.a convinced communist　　一名坚定的共产主义者 12.fight against invaders　　抗击侵略者 Ⅱ．写作词汇 1.deserve reading/to be read regularly值得经常阅读 2.spend a pleasant night on the uncle’s farm　　在叔叔的农场里度过了愉快的一晚 3.whisper to their mother　　跟他们的母亲小声说 4.almost feel like weeping with frustration　　沮丧得几乎想哭 5.be overcome by fear　　感到恐惧 6.express his sorrow　　表示他的悲痛 7.love you forever　　永远爱你 Ⅲ．多义词汇 1.①folk music　　　　 民间音乐 ②nearly one in five folks　　将近五分之一的人 ③my dear folks　　我亲爱的家人们 2.①guarantee success　　保证成功 ②under guarantee　　在保修期内/在担保下 ③a two－year guarantee　　两年保修单 Ⅳ．拓展词汇 1.composer n．作曲家，作曲者→compose vt．& vi．作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静→composition n．成分；组成；作品；作曲 2.dramatic adj．激动人心的，引人注目的；突然的；戏剧的；夸张的→drama n．戏剧；戏剧文学 3.transform vi．& vt．（使）变形，（使）改观，（使）转化→transformation n．转化，改观，变形 4.combine vt．& vi．（使）融合；（使）结合，（使）混合；兼做；合并→combination n．结合体，联合体；联合，混合 5.surroundings n．周围，环境→surround vt．围绕，环绕；包围，与……紧密相关→surrounding adj．周围的；附近的 6.adaptation n．改编本，改写本；适应→adapt vt．使适应；改编 vi．适应→adaptable adj．有适应能力的，能适应的 7.defend vt．& vi．保护，防御；辩白，辩解→defence n．辩护；防御，保护；防御物；防守 Ⅴ．短语互译 1.tear apart使（关系密切的人）分离，分开 2.rely on　　依赖，依靠；信任 3.for good measure　　作为额外增添 4.throw in　　奉送，额外赠送 5.consist of　　由……组成（或构成） 6.as if　　似乎；好像 7.deep in thought　　陷入沉思 8.plenty of　　许多；大量的 9.all the time　　一直；始终；总是 10.Butterfly Lovers　　《梁祝》 11.fall sick　　病了 12.twists and turns　　迂回曲折 13.a universal language　　通用语言，世界语言 14.overcome with sorrow　　悲痛欲绝 15.end on a bittersweet note　　以喜忧参半的音调结束 16.fly away to be together　　双宿双飞 17.more significantly　　更重要的是 Ⅵ．完成句子 1.动词－ed短语作后置定语 Last night， I watched a performance of Butterfly Lovers， a beautiful violin concerto composed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang． 昨晚，我看了《梁祝》的演出，这是一首优美的小提琴协奏曲，由何占豪和陈钢创作。 2.as if引导的状语从句的省略 When the two lovers， Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai， first meet， the music is light and pleasant， as if whispering to the audience． 当两个相爱的人，梁山伯与祝英台初次相见时，音乐轻柔愉悦，像是在和观众低声耳语。 3.主语＋be＋形容词＋to do ．．． The tunes are easy to sing， and the lyrics often leave you deep in thought． 曲调朗朗上口，歌词常常发人深省。 写作词汇集释 1.deserve vt．值得，应得 教材原句　It’s a piece that really deserves to be heard．这部作品真的值得一听。 【用法】 deserve to do sth值得做某事；应该做某事 deserve to be done=deserve＋doing/n．　　值得被做 【语块】　 deserve consideration/appreciation 值得考虑/感恩 deserve a medal 应得奖牌 【佳句】　The old building deserves protecting． =The old building deserves to be protected． 这座古老的建筑值得被保护。 【用准】　当物作主语时，deserve后接doing，主动形式表示被动意义，相当于接动词不定式的被动式。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Many E－waste deserves making/to be made （make） good use of． ②The suggestion put forward by the elderly expert at the meeting deserves consideration/considering/to be considered （consider）． 【写美】　完成句子 ③（2024•新课标Ⅰ卷）Satisfied， he gave me a thumbs－up and thanked me for the tip， but I told him that he deserved it．他很满意，向我竖起大拇指，并且感谢我给了他小费，但我告诉他这是他应得的。2.transform vi．& vt．（使）变形，（使）改观，（使）转化→transformation n．转化，改观；变形 教材原句　Finally， during the most exciting part， the music takes a softer turn and ends on a bittersweet note， telling us how the couple transform into butterflies and fly away to be together forever． 最后，在最激昂的部分，乐曲转而柔缓，以凄美的曲调收尾，它告诉我们，这对情侣化蝶而去，永世不再分离。 【用法】 transform ．．．into ．．． 把……变成…… transform ．．．from ．．．into ．．．　　把……从……转变成…… 【佳句】　Years of hard work and learning have transformed him into an expert in his field． 多年的努力工作与学习让他变成了所在领域的专家。 【联想】　常见的含有前缀trans－的单词还有： transplant v．移植　 translate v．翻译 transfer v．转移；转让　transport v．& n．运输【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Through decades of effort， the barren land has been transformed （transform） into fertile fields． ②Her personal transformation （transform） after going through that difficult experience was remarkable． 【写美】　完成句子 ③The movie transformed her almost overnight from a schoolgirl into a well－known star． 这部电影让她几乎一夜之间从一位校园女孩变成一位著名的明星。 3.rely on 依赖，依靠；信任 教材原句　My host family are big fans of country music， so I can always rely on them to introduce me to some great songs． 我（寄宿）的主人家是乡村音乐的“铁杆粉丝”，所以我一直相信他们能给我介绍一些很棒的歌曲。 【用法】 rely on/upon sb/sth 指望某人/某事（物） rely on sb to do sth　　指望某人做某事，相信某人会做某事 rely on one’s doing sth　　指望/相信/依赖某人做某事，相信某人会做某事 rely on it that ．．．　　相信……，指望……（类似用法：count on，depend on/upon see to等） 【佳句】　You can rely on it that my introduction and efforts can deepen visitors’ understanding of traditional Chinese culture．　（自荐信） 你可以相信我的介绍和努力会加深参观者对中国传统文化的了解。 Nowadays parents have done everything for their single children， which makes the children rely on their parents badly．当今父母为他们的独生子女做所有的事情，这使得这些独生子女非常依赖父母。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The old man relied on/upon his neighbors’ looking after him when he was ill． ②I rely on my best friend to give （give） me honest advice whenever I’m in a dilemma． ③We can rely on our friends sharing/to share （share） happiness and sorrow，otherwise we will feel lonely． 【写美】　一句多译 ④我最尊敬我的叔叔，因为每当我处于困境时，我都可以指望他给我一些实用的建议。 →I respect my uncle most because I can rely on him to offer me some practical suggestions whenever I am in trouble．（rely on sb to do sth） →I respect my uncle most because I can rely on it that he can offer me some practical suggestions whenever I am in trouble．（rely on it that ．．．） 4.consist of 由……组成，由……构成 教材原句　It consists of four movements：“The Song of the Yellow River Boatmen”， “Ode to the Yellow River”， “The Yellow River in Anger” and “Defend the Yellow River”． 它由四个乐章组成：《黄河船夫曲》《黄河颂》《黄河愤》和《保卫黄河》。 【用法】 （1）consist of=be made up of=be composed of由……组成 consist in=lie in　　存在于；在于 consist with　　一致；符合 （2）be consistent with　　与……一致/相符 【佳句】　A typical soccer team consists of eleven players， including a goalkeeper． 一支典型的足球队由十一名球员组成，其中包括一名守门员。 （2024•北京卷）The 18th－century philosopher Kant argued that the universe ultimately consists of things－in－themselves that are unknowable． 18世纪哲学家康德认为，宇宙最终由不可知的自在事物组成。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Keep in mind that our ideal life is not always consistent with the reality． ②True friendship consists in mutual understanding and support． ③The United Kingdom consists of four countries： England， Scotland， Wales and Northern Ireland． 【写美】　一句多译 ④这个音乐节由两部分组成，将使我们更加了解中国民间音乐。 →The music festival， which consists of/is made up of/is composed of two parts， will enable us to know more about Chinese folk music．（定语从句） →The music festival， consisting of/made up of/composed of two parts， will enable us to know more about Chinese folk music．（动词－ing/－ed形式作定语） 5.defend vt．& vi．保护，防御；辩白，辩解→defence n．辩护；防御，保护；防御物；防守→defensive adj．防御性的；自我保护的 【用法】 （1）defend ．．．from/against （doing） ．．．　 保护……免受…… defend oneself against ．．． 保护自己不受……；为自己辩护 （2）in defence 　　保卫，防守 in defence of ．．．　　为了保卫…… 【佳句】　The thick forest can defend the village from strong winds and sandstorms． 茂密的森林可以保护村庄免受狂风和沙尘暴的侵袭。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①In the wild， animals often have to defend themselves （they） against being attacked． ②In defence of his friend， he told the truth even though it might get him in trouble． ③The new software has a number of defensive （defend） features that protect users’ privacy． 【写美】　完成句子 ④She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands， as if in defence．　（动作描写） 她后退了几步，显得很惊讶，并举起双手，好像在自卫。 重点句型解构 1.句型公式：as if/though引导的状语从句的省略 教材原句　When the two lovers， Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai， first meet， the music is light and pleasant， as if whispering to the audience． 当两个相爱的人，梁山伯与祝英台初次相见时，音乐轻柔愉悦，像是在和观众低声耳语。 【用法】 （1）句中as if whispering to the audience为as if引导的方式状语从句的省略形式，补充完整为as if the music is whispering to the audience。 （2）as if引导的方式状语从句的谓语中有be动词时，如果主句和从句的主语一致或从句中主语是it，可省略主语和be动词。 【品悟】　He throws his arms and legs out as if （he were） flying， his eyes wide with excitement． 他张开双臂和双腿，好像在飞翔，兴奋地睁大了眼睛。 【写美】　完成句子 ①He stood there as if （he was） frozen． 他站在那儿，好像冻僵了一样。 ②David exchanged glances with me， his eyes wet with tears， as if saying “thank you”．　（神态＋情感描写） 大卫和我对视一眼，他的眼睛湿润了，好像在说 “谢谢你”。 ③The house looked as if （it had been） deserted for years． 这所房子看起来好像已经荒废了多年。 ④She talked to me as if （she was） in a hurry． 她跟我说话时好像很匆忙。 2.句型公式：形容词（短语）作状语 教材原句　Angry and sad， Liang falls sick and dies． 梁山伯悲愤交加，染病而亡。 【用法】 （1）形容词（短语）作状语时常用来说明句子主语的特点或处于某种状态。 （2）形容词（短语）和主语常可构成系表关系。 （3）形容词（短语）作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。 【品悟】　（北师大选必一）How often do we arrive at work or school， stressed out， tired and angry？ 有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或学校时感到心力交瘁，心烦气躁？ 【用准】　修饰谓语动词或整个句子，则用副词作状语。 He was late for work．Fortunately， the meeting hadn’t started． 他上班迟到了。幸运的是，会议还没有开始。 【写美】　完成句子/句型转换 ①With the help of the helicopter， Mary got out of the forest and saw her husband， safe and sound．　（动作描写） 在直升机的帮助下，玛丽安然无恙地走出了森林，见到了她的丈夫。 ②Delighted with the gift， she hugged her friend tightly． 收到礼物很高兴，她紧紧地拥抱了她的朋友。 ③I was afraid of failing to find our way to the farm．I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly． →Afraid of failing to find our way to the farm， I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly．（形容词短语作状语） 3.句型公式：what引导宾语从句 教材原句　Obviously I don’t know what it’s truly like to grow up in rural America， but the masters of country music， like John Denver， can make you feel like you’re there． 我显然不知道在美国乡村长大究竟是什么样子，但是乡村音乐的大师们，比如约翰•丹佛，能让你觉得身临其境。 【用法】 （1）what引导宾语从句时，what在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语，意为“……的事物”。 （2）what除了引导宾语从句外，还可以引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。 【品悟】　（2024•全国甲卷）On a cool， starry night in mid－September 1870， four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in what is now northwestern Wyoming．1870年9月中旬一个凉爽的星夜，四名男子在火洞河边的篝火旁放松，这里如今是怀俄明州西北部。 【用准】　what在引导名词性从句时具有三大特点：不可省略，作成分，有词义；that在引导名词性从句时具有三大特点：不可省略（宾语从句除外），不作成分，没有词义；which引导名词性从句时意为“哪一个/哪一些”，通常有一个选择的范围。 【写美】　完成句子/句型转换 ①（2025•全国一卷） We talked for hours， laughing， remembering old times， and slowly rebuilding what had been lost．我们聊了数小时，一同笑着，忆起旧日时光，渐渐修复了曾经失去的情谊。 ②The beauty of nature is what gives people a sense of peace． 自然之美在于它能给人带来宁静感。 ③The summer holiday is coming．My classmates and I are talking about what we will do during the holiday． →The summer holiday is coming．My classmates and I are talking about what to do during the holiday．（疑问词＋动词不定式） 􀳁维度一：品句填词 根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。 1.After months of hard training， she deserves to win the championship． 2.The little girl wept bitterly when she couldn’t find her favorite toy． 3.Indeed， it was a pleasant surprise to find that this book is filled with joy and hope． 4.He was having to whisper in order to avoid being overheard by his nosy neighbours． 5.The dramatic （突然的） change in the weather caught everyone by surprise． 6.The new technology has the power to transform （转变） our lives completely． 7.This dish combines （结合） the sweetness of apples with the tartness of cranberries． 8.The old professor of the university loves the peaceful and quiet life in rural （农村的） areas． 9.If you eat that whole pizza by yourself， a stomachache is guaranteed （保证）! 10.A gentle breeze （微风） blew through the open window， bringing in the fresh scent of flowers． 􀳁维度二：词形转换 用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 1.Great composers （compose） like Beethoven and Mozart changed the course of musical history． 2.The beautiful surrounding （surround） scenery made the picnic even more enjoyable． 3.The city has undergone a remarkable transformation （transform） in the past decade． 4.The film The Sound of Music is an adaptation （adapt） of the 1959 stage musical of the same name． 5.The performers from the USA performed very well at the concert and their performances were well received． （perform） 6.The cellphone is rapidly becoming the universal （universe） means of communication， entertainment， source of information， and even education． 7.She wasn’t pleased （please） about the change in plans， but she accepted it gracefully． 8.It is the combination （combine） of wit （智慧） and political analysis that makes his articles so readable． 􀳁维度三：固定搭配和句式 根据汉语和括号内的提示完成下列句子。 1.困在迷雾中，我什么也做不了，只能哭泣，既无助又绝望。（形容词短语作状语） Trapped in the dense mist， I could do nothing but burst into tears， helpless and desperate． 2.吉尔交叉着双腿，用一只拳头托着下巴，仿佛陷入了沉思。（as if） Jill crossed her legs and rested her chin on one fist， as if lost in deep thought．　（神态描写） 3.他没通过数学考试，这令他的父亲很生气。（which引导非限制性定语从句） He had failed in the maths exam， which made his father very angry． 4.让她快乐的是和她的老公环游世界。（what引导名词性从句） What makes her happy is traveling around the world with her husband． 5.昨天在会议上讨论的问题非常重要。（过去分词短语作定语） The problem discussed at the meeting yesterday is of great importance． Ⅰ．阅读理解 􀳁A 　　（2026•长沙芙蓉高级中学期中）When Adele released （发行） her 2011 single Someone Like You， this bittersweet song is popular with millions worldwide．More than a decade later， it remains one of her most popular songs．Her artistry， as well as that of many others who have mastered the art of making listeners feel moved with slow and emotional beats， has a way of managing the emotional pain of heartbreak and loss． 　　Listening to favorite songs could also reduce people’s feelings of pain， according to a new study published in the journal Frontiers in Pain Research．And the most effective pain relievers were found to be sad songs detailing bittersweet and emotional experiences． 　　“It doesn’t take the place of medicine when you have a headache， but music can help reduce your pain，” said Patrick Stroman， a professor at Queen’s University in Kingston， Ontario．He didn’t join in the study．“Unlike other medications，” he noted， “there is no side effect or risk in listening to music （just keep the volume at a reasonable level）．” 　　The small study invited 63 young adults to bring one of their favorite songs．The researchers also had the young adults pick one of seven songs that the team considered relaxing and were unfamiliar to the study participants．All the while， the researchers stuck a hot object — similar to the pain of a boiling hot teacup on the participants’ skin — to their left inner forearms．When rating their experiences， people were more likely to report feeling less pain when listening to their favorite songs compared with hearing the unfamiliar relaxing songs． 　　With millions of songs available， one person’s favorite song is likely not the same as another．After interviewing the participants about the song they brought and their rating of pain， the researchers found people who listened to bittersweet and moving songs felt less pain than when they listened to songs with calming or cheerful themes （主题）． 　　“It’s a very cool result，” said lead study author Darius Valevicius， a doctoral student of neurosciences at the University of Montreal．“I think it’s why I myself and probably many people choose to listen to bittersweet or even spiritual music．” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现——某些类型的音乐能够帮助你减轻痛苦。 1.Why does the author mention Adele in the first paragraph？（　　） A．To reach a conclusion． B．To lead in the topic． C．To offer a suggestion． D．To provide the background． 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第一段可推断，作者在第一段提到Adele是为了引出话题，说明她的音乐能够引起听众的情感共鸣，并引出音乐对减轻疼痛的研究。 􀳁2.What is Stroman’s attitude to the effect of listening to music？（　　） A．Doubtful．　 B．Positive． C．Unclear．　 D．Unconcerned． 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，Stroman对于听音乐减轻痛苦的效果持积极的态度。 􀳁3.How did the people who listened to bittersweet and moving songs feel？（　　） A．They felt less pain．　 B．They felt stressed． C．They felt upset．　 D．They felt unhappy． 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，听苦乐参半且动人的歌曲的人比听平静或欢快主题歌曲的人感觉疼痛更少，即他们感觉疼痛减轻了。 􀳁B 　　It started that first day in a kindergarten choir．Just as the session ended， its director，drawing me aside， asked， “Ian， will you stay for a few moments？” 　　“Did I do something bad， Miss？” 　　“Not in the least，” she replied， touching my cheek．“I would like to hear your voice alone； it sounded so lovely．” 　　Then， sitting at the piano， she said，“Sing this note for me．Good， now this one；now this one， will you？” And so I did， each note high， then ever higher， until I squeaked （破音） a little．At that point， she smiled， and said， “Well done， Ian!” 　　The next day， I began to sing in front of a good many teachers．Each one liked me and my voice．A few cried， telling me how much they missed their work in opera．Soon， I attended lessons once each week．Though at times feeling tired， I learned， in order to continue to obtain the praise which made me glow inside，I had to earn it． 　　Then as I edged towards age thirteen， I heard alto （中音） notes appear more and more often．Although I knew this change would come， I ached to stop it．The admirable beauty of my voice could not remain．Thus far， the tiny change remained detectable only to myself．Still， that change，which for some years I’d known would come，was now invading．In all likelihood， my boy soprano’s voice （童音） would change into a common one． 　　This evening I had my solo．I still couldn’t get rid of the fear．Might this performance be the final time of such significance？ If so， what then？ Singing is my wellspring．However， no matter what would happen in the future， I had to cherish every moment to sing．As I sang on， it echoed （回响） through the walls， bringing a silence of suspended breath．When I had finished， thunderous applause exploded．I could begin to let my voice evolve， not as a sacrifice， but as a step towards what was surely bound to be my next stage． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从幼儿园合唱团开始的歌唱生涯及其变声后的心路历程。 4.Which words can best describe the director？（　　） A．Honest and enthusiastic． B．Intelligent and generous． C．Humorous and positive． D．Observant and responsible． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句、第三段以及下文她安排作者单独唱歌给老师们听等行为可推知，负责人对声音有着敏锐的观察力，并且非常负责地对待每个学生的发展。 􀳁5.What encouraged the author to continue when he was worn－out？（　　） A．The practice．　 B．The performance． C．The admiration．　 D．The voice． 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，正是令作者内心愉悦的赞赏让作者即使感到疲惫也坚持练习。 􀳁6.What upset the author when he was growing up？（　　） A．The obvious change of his voice． B．The unnoticeable change of his voice． C．The rare appearance of the alto notes． D．The unexpected change of his voice． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段前四句可知，让作者在成长过程中感到不安的是他声音的不易察觉的变化。 􀳁7.What will the author do in the future？（　　） A．Keep advancing．　 B．Stop singing． C．Quit performing．　 D．Make a sacrifice． 解析：A　推理判断题。根据文章末句可推知，尽管作者的声音将发生改变，但他会继续前行，把声音的变化看作成长的一个阶段而非牺牲。 􀳁C 　　（2026•江苏无锡、江阴二中月考）World history has seen three ancient dramas： Greek tragedy and comedy， Indian Sanskrit drama and Chinese opera．The first two have become historical and only Chinese opera has survived． 　　Chinese opera took shape in the 12th century．After developing for more than 800 years， its abundant local styles of opera are still enjoying great popularity， of which Qinqiang is one of the most ancient operas． 　　Qinqiang opera is a thousand－year－old local opera originating in China’s inland northwestern region．It has established a unique tradition as an “opera shouted out” with its high－pitched arias （高音唱腔）．Li Mei has won a reputation as one of the four greatest Qinqiang actresses．She’s also known for her passionate commitment to exploring the theatrical possibilities offered by Qinqiang． 　　Li Mei and her workmates are halfway through an afternoon rehearsal （排练） and most have broken into a sweat．Singing in a near whisper， the forty－year－old opera star performs the stylized movements for the leading role the bitter dead Lady Li Huiniang in Ghost’s Hate． 　　Little wonder that Li Mei is such a powerful presence on stage．She’s the greatest contributory actress who’s able to interpret a character so persuasively and tell a story so convincingly that European audiences warmly hug this unfamiliar art form． 　　Li Mei said， “We performed this opera in the Netherlands to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the founding of Holland’s National Theater．We enjoyed a fifteen－minute curtain call and the audience applauded wildly for a long time．The local press entitled me the ‘Nemesis of the Orient’ and the ‘Chinese Venus’．Why is that so？ Because they’ve fully understood what the opera implied — the loyalty towards love， and dead as she maybe， her love persists．The reason why this opera was able to touch millions of hearts is that it has a beautiful story presented by a beautiful art form．” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国最古老的戏曲之一——秦腔，包括其艺术特点，以及“秦腔四大名旦”之一李梅。 8.What can be inferred about Chinese opera from the passage？（　　） A．It made history with ancient Greek operas． B．It has a history shorter than Indian Sanskrit drama． C．It consists of various dynamic local operas． D．It originated from the most ancient local Qinqiang opera． 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，中国戏曲由各种充满活力的地方戏曲组成。 􀳁9.What is the greatest feature of Qinqiang opera according to the passage？（　　） A．The popular curtain call． B．The northwestern origin． C．The stylized movement． D．The spirited high tone． 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，高亢激越的唱腔是秦腔的独特之处。 􀳁10.Why is Ghost’s Hate starring Li Mei loved by foreigners？（　　） A．Because it has a perfect combination of touching plot and attractive form． B．Because its leading role Li Mei is famous as the “Chinese Venus”． C．Because it conveys the popular messages of loyalty towards love． D．Because the story is easy to be fully understood by foreigners． 解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，因为优美的故事情节和出色的艺术形式，国外观众也被深深打动。由此推断，迷人的艺术形式与感人的故事情节的完美结合使这部歌剧受到外国人的喜爱。 􀳁11.What is Li Mei’s greatest contribution to Qinqiang opera？（　　） A．She won a reputation as one of the four greatest Qinqiang actresses． B．She brought Li Huiniang， the bitter dead Lady in Ghost’s Hate to life． C．She explored many theatrical possibilities offered by Qinqiang opera． D．She spread one of Chinese traditional cultures to the other side of the world． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知， 李梅对秦腔最大的贡献就是将秦腔这种中国传统文化带出国门，并为外国观众所接受。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五 􀳁　　（2026•江苏江阴高二下期中） How similar are language and music？ 　　Language is part of our daily lives， no matter where we live in the world.12.　　 Both language and music play a huge role in our culture and here are some of their similarities． 　　Both language and music have a writing system． 　　In English we record language using the alphabet， which is a collection of letters．Similarly， we use notes （音符） to keep a record of music．Musicians read notes and create meaning in the form of music.13.　　 By writing pieces of text or music， we are able to share experiences through time．We can read the ideas or hear the composition （作品） of someone who lived hundreds of years ago． 　　14.　　 　　You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language he uses．In the same way， we know that styles of music are different around the world， giving us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation． 　　Both share emotion． 　　15.　　 Of course you may be able to see it in my face， but you will know for sure through my words．Similarly， music can sound angry， sad or happy．Music can show you exactly how the composer was or is feeling， and allows us to share that emotion．When you feel happy， you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness.16.　　 I think we have all used music to express or process our emotions， often combining it with language in the form of song lyrics （歌词）． A．Both are expressive． B．Similarly， music is part of many people’s lives． C．So just as you read English， you can read music． D．We use language to express our thoughts． E．In contrast， you probably also listen to sad music when you are feeling down． F．How do you know that I am angry？ G．Both vary with culture． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了语言和音乐在我们的文化中都扮演着重要的角色，两者有很多相似之处。 12.B　上文指出语言是我们日常生活的一部分，下文说语言和音乐在文化中都扮演着重要的作用。B项指出，音乐和语言一样——是日常生活的一部分。承上启下，符合语境。 13.C　上文指出英语是一种以字母记录的语言，音乐是音符组成的篇章，也有可读性。C项指出，音乐也可以像英语一样进行阅读，承接上文，符合语境。 14.G　本段讲述了音乐和语言一样都承载了很多不同的文化。G项中的Both指代下文的language和music，且契合段意，可以作为小标题。 15.F　根据本段小标题可知，本段和情绪有关。F项（你怎么知道我在生气？）引出空后一句的回答。 16.E　上句指出，快乐的时候，想听令人快乐的歌曲。由此推知，下文应陈述，当不快乐的时候，可能想听悲伤的音乐。E项与上文形成对比。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $