Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(Word练习)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦语言基础与综合能力，通过分层训练构建“词汇-语法-语篇”逻辑链，提炼实用解题技巧，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础练（品句填词/词形转换/固定搭配）|18题|从语境填词到词形变化规则，再到固定句式应用，层层递进|词汇积累→语法变形→语境运用，构建语言基础能力链| |能力练（阅读/七选五/语法填空）|3篇阅读+7选5+语法填空|阅读理解抓主旨与细节，七选五用“三法则”等策略，语法填空聚焦考点（如定语从句、时态）|语篇理解→篇章结构→语言知识综合运用，实现从输入到输出的能力迁移|

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas 维度一：品句填词 1.Our every emotion and 　　　　　　 （心情） can be conveyed precisely with the use of facial expressions and body language． 2.Long 　　　　　　 （卷曲的） hair has always been popular since ancient times． 3.The 　　　　　　 （马戏团） failed to satisfy the children’s hope， for there was no elephant． 4.A month before my first marathon， one of my 　　　　　　 （脚踝） was injured and this meant I couldn’t run for the next two weeks． 5.The doctor is e　　　　　　 Lin Tao，my fellow student， for possible heart disease． 6.If the neighbors do not give any sweets， the children might play a t　　　　　　 on them． 维度二：词形转换 1.In the park， some people keep themselves 　　　　　　 by taking part in various 　　　　　．（amuse） 2.The government said it was studying the implications， which required very careful 　　　　　　 （examine）． 3.The worker’s careless work made him lose face in front of his 　　　　　　 （employ）． 4.She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not be used for 　　　　　　 （entertain）． 5.Though 　　　　　　 （advertise） are of great help， I don’t think we should completely rely on them to find a suitable product． 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （通常）， people tend to choose convenience over quality when shopping online． 2.We tried several methods to open the jar， but it was the rubber glove that finally 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （奏效）． 3.Other types of cries， including calls of animals 　　　　　　　　 （在痛苦中）， fail to get the same response． 4.The beautiful park， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （在那里我们可以呼吸新鲜空气）， is a popular place for locals． 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （正是在这次夏令营中） I learned how to cooperate and share with others． 6.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （全面考虑这个问题） is essential to us． 7.It is the ability to 　　　　　　　　　　　　 （干得好） that is important， not where you come from or who you are． Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　（2026•四川成都期中）Humour has long been recognized for its positive effects， even in the darkest times．Laughter serves as a bridge， helping individuals get through pain．This is shown in Amy Herzog’s new play， Mary Jane．The play balances humour and heartbreak， providing a fresh idea on the trials of care giving and the strength of the human spirit． 　　Mary Jane tells the story of a single mother who raises her disabled son， Alex．The play explores friendship， unconditional mother love， and hope and despair．Despite all the challenges she faces， Mary Jane’s life is filled with humour， offering the audience brief respites （喘息） from her emotional trouble． 　　The play focuses on the characters’ emotional and psychological experiences rather than the physical presence of Alex who is mostly hidden from the audience．This is achieved by showing the influence of Alex’s condition through the eyes of those who care for him．The audience feels the weight of his absence and his various needs， which take up most of Mary Jane’s life．Mary Jane tries hard to meet the demands of her job while managing her son’s constant medical needs．Her interactions with the supporting characters show the importance of community support and humour that help her fight with her daily struggles．One of the most moving parts of the play is that of Mary Jane’s interactions with other mothers of disabled children．They exchange advice， encourage and entertain each other with humour． 　　Norman Cousins， a professor， recorded his recovery from a severe illness through daily laughter．Cousins discovered that ten minutes of genuine laughter had an anesthetic （麻醉的） effect and gave him at least two hours of pain－free sleep．His findings show humour’s physical and psychological benefits． 　　Research also supports the importance of laughter and humour， showing that it can reduce stress， improve mood and resilience．Humour positively and directly affects people’s health．This indicates that humour could buffer against stress and improve overall mental health． 1.What is the purpose of the text？（　　） A．To advertise a new play． B．To provide humour in our daily lives． C．To introduce the way to be humorous．　 D．To emphasize the importance of humour． 2.Which words can describe Mary Jane？（　　） A．Careful and friendly．　 　 B．Loyal and hardworking． C．Strong and humorous．　 　 D．Curious and sensitive． 3.What can we learn from the play？（　　） A．The audience seldom see Alex in the play．　 　 B．Mary Jane has no friends． C．Mary Jane never goes out to work．　 D．Mary Jane has a considerate husband． 4.How do we know about Norman Cousins？（　　） A．He interacts with other mothers of disabled children． B．The community helps him a lot． C．He has a balanced diet． D．He recovers from his illness by laughing a lot． B 　　A new study gives “funny or die” a whole new meaning．Published in April in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine， the research found that women with a strong sense of humour tend to live longer — even when they get sick， especially from heart disease or infections．For men， having a joyful personality also helped protect against infections． 　　Norwegian researchers followed 53，556 women and men over 15 years．They wanted to see if a sense of humour could affect how long people live．The team used a detailed questionnaire to measure different parts of humour — like how people think， socialize， and feel about funny situations．They then looked at deaths from several diseases， including heart disease， infections， cancer， and lung disease． 　　The results showed that women who scored high in the “thinking” part of humour had： 　　•A 48% lower risk of dying from any cause， 　　•A 73% lower risk of dying from heart disease， 　　•And an 83% lower risk of dying from infections． 　　For men， the benefit was only seen in infections — those with high humour scores had a 74% lower risk of dying from them．Researchers think this difference between men and women might be because men’s sense of humour slightly decreased as they got older．Also， the social and emotional parts of humour didn’t show any clear effect on how long people lived． 　　According to Sven Svebak， a professor who co－authored the study， the thinking part of humour is a stable personality trait （特性）．It affects how people understand everyday events．This can help reduce social conflicts and stress and prevent stress hormones like cortisol（皮质醇） from rising too much．When cortisol stays high for a long time， it weakens the immune system． 　　Although genes partly decide our sense of humour， it’s also shaped by life experiences．Svebak says children who don’t see adults using humour to deal with problems may not use it themselves when they grow up．But don’t worry if your childhood wasn’t filled with laughter — studies show it’s never too late to learn to laugh at life’s absurdities （荒谬）． 5.How did the researchers carry out their study？（　　） A．By assigning tasks．　 　 B．By doing an interview． C．By doing field research．　 　 D．By designing questions． 6.Which part of humour has clearly affected people’s life according to the study？（　　） A．The social part．　 　 B．The cultural part． C．The thinking part．　 　 D．The emotional part． 7.What can be inferred about our sense of humour according to Svebak？（　　） A．Genes alone play a key role．　 　 B．It can be acquired when we grow up． C．It must be developed since childhood．　 D．It is rarely shaped by life experiences． 8.What can be a suitable title for the text？（　　） A．Laugh Lots， Live Longer　 　 B．Art of Growing Young C．The Best Medicine for Us　 　 D．Be Funny or Die Young Ⅱ．阅读七选五 　　（2026•河南濮阳期中）To be funny is not just talent but a skill that can be learned．Many people believe humour is natural．Research， however， shows that funny people actually practice techniques．Being funny matters．9.　　 Yet most common advice on humour sounds vague （含糊的）．Suggestions like “listen carefully” or “be surprising” leave people wondering how to use them in real life．Fortunately， researchers and comedians have provided practical strategies． 　　One of the easiest techniques is to give the opposite answer to yes/no questions．When people expect “yes”， a sudden “no” creates surprise and laughter．The magic is that the moment you give the opposite answer， you have surprised your audience， so they laugh.10.　　 　　The Rule of 3 is another useful method.11.　　 For example， “I love hot dogs， hamburgers， and handsome men．” The break in pattern catches attention and creates humour．Similarly， switching character roles in a story can also work．If the “serious” person suddenly acts silly， or the “weak” one becomes powerful， the change surprises the audience． 　　12.　　 Jokes may fail if the punchline （妙语） is weak， but true experiences are relatable．That is why many comedians collect daily observations and later share them．If the story is not funny， it still has meaning； if it is funny， the effect is even stronger．In daily life， you can do the same： note down things that made you laugh and retell them naturally in conversation． 　　Finally， humour is also about attitude．When you are asked an awkward question， turning it into humour shows confidence．Even a simple word like “whatever” can shift the focus and make others laugh.13.　　 Anyone can become funnier through practice． A．Then you can move on to your real story． B．In short， humour is not a gift for only a few． C．The real－life stories are often funnier than jokes． D．It explains why they often make their jokes funny． E．Practicing humour requires observing others’ mistakes carefully． F．It builds a pattern with two normal items and ends with something unexpected． G．It makes conversations easier， creates connection， and often reduces awkwardness． Ⅲ．语法填空 　　（2026•浙江杭州期中） Air pollution is no doubt a pressing challenge 14.　　　　　　 many major cities face around the world．More than 80% of people living in urban areas 15.　　　　　　 （expose） to unsafe air， according to a report 16.　　　　　　 （deliver） by the World Health Organization． 　　“Urban air pollution continues to rise at 17.　　　　　　 alarming rate， doing great harm to human health，” said Dr．Maria Neira， the director of Public Health and Environmental Policy at the WHO．“At the same time， 18.　　　　　　 （aware） is rising and more cities are monitoring their air quality．” 　　In the past two years， the number of cities monitoring air pollution 19.　　　　　　 （double） — now covering about 3，000 cities in 103 countries．The WHO warned of the serious effects poor air quality could have 20.　　　　　　 the health of urban residents， 21.　　　　　　 （link） it to the risk of strokes， heart disease， lung cancer and many other diseases． The report also showed that low－ and middle－income countries generally have 22.　　　　　　 （poor） air quality．About 98% of cities with 100，000 or more people in low－ and middle－income countries do not meet WHO air quality guidelines， while 56% in high－income countries fail to meet the standard．The report also urged local governments to take strong and 23.　　　　　　 （effect） measures to fight against air pollution． 答案 Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas 层级一　基础练 维度一 1.mood　2.curly　3.circus　4.ankles 　5.examining 6.trick 维度二 1.amused； amusements　2.examination　3.employer 4.entertainment　5.advertisements 维度三 1.More often than not 2.did the trick 3.in pain 4.where we can enjoy the fresh air 5.It was in this summer camp that 6.Considering every aspect of the matter 7.do a great job 层级二　能力练 Ⅰ． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章以剧本《Mary Jane》为例，论述了幽默在应对生活挑战、减轻压力、改善情绪方面的作用，并引用Norman Cousins的例子和研究结果进一步强调了幽默的重要性。 1.D　推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其第一段和最后一段可推知，文章主要是强调幽默的重要性。 2.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Despite all the challenges she faces ．．．from her emotional trouble．以及第三段中的Mary Jane tries hard to meet ．．．constant medical needs．可知，Mary Jane在面对生活的重重困难时，依然保持幽默，且努力应对各种需求，说明她很坚强且幽默。 3.A　细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知，观众在剧中很少看到Alex。 4.D　推理判断题。根据第四段第二句可知，Norman Cousins通过大量大笑从疾病中恢复。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现，幽默感有助于延长寿命，女性受益更显著，男性可降低感染死亡风险，幽默感可后天培养。 5.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的The team used a detailed questionnaire ．．．feel about funny situations．可知，研究人员通过设计问题开展这项研究。 6.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的According to Sven Svebak ．．．rising too much．可知，幽默的思维部分显然对人们的生活产生了影响。 7.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Although genes partly decide ．．．when they grow up．可知，幽默感是在我们成长过程中逐渐习得的。 8.A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，一项研究发现，幽默感有助于延长寿命，女性受益更显著，男性可降低感染死亡风险，幽默感可后天培养。因此，A项（多欢笑，寿命更长久）适合作为文章标题。 Ⅱ． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了幽默不仅是天赋，更是可习得的技能，并介绍了制造幽默的实用策略及幽默态度的重要性。 9.G　上文Being funny matters．说明了幽默很重要。G项（它能让对话更轻松，建立联系，还能经常减少尴尬）详细列举了幽默的三个好处，解释了“幽默为何重要”，承接上文，符合语境。 10.A　上文介绍了对是非题给出相反答案的技巧，指出当人们期待“是”的时候，突然的“不是”会带来惊喜和笑声。A项（然后你就可以继续讲你的真实故事了）说明使用该技巧后的后续动作，承接上文，符合语境。 11.F　上文提到“三法则”是另一种有用的方法，下文举例说明了该法则的具体应用。本空应解释“三法则”的核心原理，F项（它通过两个常规事物建立模式，最后以意想不到的东西结束）准确概括了“三法则”的逻辑，与下文例子完美契合，符合语境。 12.C　根据下文内容可知，如果不精彩，笑话可能会失败，但真实的经历能引起共鸣。本空应总述“真实故事”与“笑话”的对比，C项（真实的故事往往比笑话更有趣）直接点明核心观点，引起下文，符合语境。 13.B　下文提到任何人都可以通过练习变得更幽默，B项（简而言之，幽默并不是少数人的天赋）能引出下文“任何人都能通过练习掌握”的观点，承接上文，符合语境。 Ⅲ． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全球许多大城市面临的空气污染这一紧迫挑战，以及空气污染的危害、不同收入国家的空气质量差异，同时呼吁地方政府采取措施应对空气污染。 14.which/that　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词challenge指物，在定语从句中作宾语。故填which/that。 15.are exposed　考查动词时态和语态。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语More than 80% of people和expose之间为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用are。故填are exposed。 16.delivered　考查非谓语动词。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词report，deliver和report为逻辑上的动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填delivered。 17.an　考查冠词。rate为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且alarming的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。 18.awareness　考查名词。空处需填名词作主语，awareness意为“意识”，表抽象概念，是不可数名词。故填awareness。 19.has doubled　考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In the past two years可知，应用现在完成时，主语为the number of cities，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has doubled。 20.on　考查介词。have effects on为固定短语，意为“对……有影响”。故填on。 21.linking　考查非谓语动词。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，The WHO和link为逻辑上的主谓关系，需填动词－ing形式作结果状语。故填linking。 22.poorer　考查形容词比较级。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词air quality，结合语境可知，此处表示“较差的”，需填形容词比较级。故填poorer。 23.effective　考查形容词。修饰名词measures，需用形容词作定语。故填effective。 5 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $