Unit 6 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(Word学生用书)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册(外研版)
2026-10-14
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教辅
摘要:
该高中英语导学案围绕《天路》语篇展开,聚焦青藏铁路相关内容的阅读理解与语言运用。通过“课前导入激趣启思—速读课文理清脉络—精读课文领悟细节—课文融通学以致用”的学习支架,衔接从整体感知到细节分析再到语言内化的学习过程。
资料特色在于任务设计分层递进,通过选择题、创造性问题提升思维品质,语言点解析结合构词法、句型解构强化语言能力,融入青藏铁路环保案例渗透文化意识,习题注重语用迁移,助力学生自主构建知识体系,提升综合素养。
内容正文:
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Part Ⅰ Reading comprehension
第一步 课前导入•激趣启思
If you took the railway to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, what was the most interesting thing you would see on the way?
第二步 速读课文•理清脉络
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
第三步 精读课文•领悟细节
Task 1:Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What am I according to the text?( )
A.A traveler to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
B.A conductor of the great railway.
C.One person to work on this railway.
D.A journalist to write for people’s efforts.
2.Why do Tibetan antelopes seem unaware of the speeding train?( )
A.Because they are eating grass at their leisure.
B.Because the passages under the bridge keep them off.
C.Because the train above the bridge is so fast.
D.Because the world’s longest bridge is over permafrost.
3.What is one of the hardest challenges in Tanggula Station?( )
A.The thin air makes workers there lack oxygen.
B.There were no oxygen-making stations originally.
C.It is the highest railway station in the world.
D.The low levels of UV radiation.
4.Which of the following statements about Cuona Lake is true?( )
A.Hundreds of sandbags were put there.
B.Cuona Lake is far away from the railway.
C.There is mirror-like water and groups of horses.
D.We built a twenty-kilometre wall along the lake.
Task 2:Think creatively and critically and answer the question.
Were there any other challenges when the construction work of the railway was conducted there?
第四步 课文融通•学以致用
根据课文内容,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many foreign experts claimed the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was “impossible”.It takes years 1. (complete) the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, which is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering 2. (challenge).How to protect the delicate ecosystem was 3. the top concerns.
In order to protect wild animals, thirty-three passages 4. (build) under the railway to allow the animals to move safely and 5. (free) in their natural habitat.6. (prevent) damage to wetlands and grasslands, 675 bridges with a total length of about 160 kilometres were built between Golmud 7. Lhasa.140,000 square metres of wetland 8. (move) to a new area in order to protect its distinct ecosystem.To make sure the workers stayed healthy, several oxygen-making stations were constructed.The workers also 9. (enjoy) regular breaks in lower areas.To protect Cuona Lake, thousands and thousands of sandbags were used to build a twenty-kilometre wall along the lake to protect it 10. construction waste.
I am proud that we built our “impossible” railway in the world with the care that the environment deserves.
The Sky Railway
[1]Sitting back in my seat①, I can’t quite believe that I’m about to② travel along the railway [2]that many foreign experts claimed was “impossible”. The train has been racing along steadily③ since it left Xining. All this time, the song “Sky Railway” has been playing inside my head. [3]The words “railways like massive dragons are winding among the mountains④” seem particularly vivid as I travel across the “roof of the world⑤”.
I was one of the people [4]who came from all parts of China to work on this railway. [5]Taking years to complete, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering challenges⑥. [6]How to protect the delicate ecosystem⑦ was among the top concerns⑧.
【释疑难】 [1]动词-ing短语作时间状语,相当于When I sit back in my seat。
[2]that引导定语从句,修饰先行词railway。
[4]who引导定语从句,修饰先行词people。
[6]“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作主语。
【赏靓点】 [3]句引用了歌词,运用了明喻修辞,将蜿蜒的铁路比作“巨龙”,气势磅礴。as引导的时间状语从句交代了背景,点出了“天路”的地理位置特征。
[5]句句首使用动词-ing短语Taking years to complete作状语,简洁地概括了工程的时间跨度。主句中的is a record of ...将有形的铁路升华为无形精神的记录,强调了建设者的毅力。
The first landmark [7]to catch my eye⑨ is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the world’s longest bridge [8]built over permafrost. Look! A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge, with some stopping to eat grass at their leisure⑩. Thirty-three passages have been built under the railway [9]to allow the animals to move safely and freely in their natural habitat⑪. Wild animals such as⑫ these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years. They seem totally unaware that we are speeding past at over 100 kilometres an hour.
[10]To prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands, 675 bridges with a total length of⑬ about 160 kilometres were built between Golmud and Lhasa. [11]We even moved 140, 000 square metres of wetland to a new area in order to protect its distinct ecosystem⑭.
【释疑难】 [7]动词不定式短语作后置定语,修饰landmark。
[8]动词-ed形式作后置定语,修饰bridge。
[9]动词不定式短语作目的状语。
[10]动词不定式短语作目的状语。
【赏靓点】 [11]句列举了具体的数据,用事实说话,极具说服力地展示了工程建设者为保护生态所付出的巨大代价和努力。
The journey has been flying by⑮, and before I know it, we have reached Tanggula Station.[12]Located at over 5,000 metres above sea level, this is the highest railway station in the world⑯. In locations such as this, the thin air, changeable weather⑰ and high levels of UV radiation presented perhaps the greatest challenge for railway workers. [13]To make sure we stayed healthy⑱, several oxygen-making stations were constructed. We were also able to enjoy regular breaks in lower areas.
[14]As we pass Cuona Lake, I feel a sense of pride and achievement⑲. [15]Using thousands and thousands of⑳ sandbags, we built a twenty-kilometre wall along the lake to protect it from㉑ construction waste. [16]Cuona Lake is so close to㉒ the railway that I want to reach out㉓ and touch its pale blue mirror-like surface㉔. Water birds playing in the lake, and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands bring the scenery to life㉕.
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been attracting people’s admiration㉖ for centuries. Now, thanks to㉗ our efforts, passengers from all over the country have been enjoying these magical landscapes. [17]I am proud that we built our “impossible” railway, and did so with the care that the environment deserves. It truly is an extraordinary “Sky Railway”.
【释疑难】 [12]动词-ed形式作状语。
[13]动词不定式短语作目的状语。
[14]As引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候”。
[15]动词-ing短语作状语。
【赏靓点】 [16]句使用了so ...that ...引导的结果状语从句,极言距离之近。mirror-like运用了暗喻,生动地描绘了湖水的平静与清澈,表达了作者对美景的沉醉和喜爱。
[17]句是文章的卒章显志之句。impossible加引号表示反语,指曾经被认为不可能。后半句did so with the care ...点明了文章的主旨:伟大的工程不仅在于征服自然,更在于尊重和呵护自然。
Paras.1-2
1.语块翻译
①
②
③
④
⑤
⑥
⑦
⑧
2.熟词生义/靓词
(1)wind (Para.1)
熟义:n.风
文中义:v.弯曲前进,蜿蜒而行
(2)vivid (Para.1)
赏析:形容词vivid意为“生动的;逼真的”。歌词本是抽象的,但身临其境时变得“生动”,体现了现实场景给作者带来的强烈视觉冲击和情感共鸣。
Paras.3-4
1.语块翻译
⑨
⑩
⑪
⑫
⑬
⑭
2.靓词
(1)leisure (Para.3)
赏析:短语at one’s leisure意为“悠闲地”。用在此处描写藏羚羊的状态,与列车的疾驰形成对比,侧面反映了野生动物通道设计的成功——动物们并未受到惊扰,体现了人与自然的和谐。
(2)unaware (Para.3)
赏析:形容词unaware(未察觉的)进一步强调了列车对环境的低干扰,反衬出环保措施的有效性。
Paras.5-7
1.语块翻译
⑮
⑯
⑰
⑱
⑲
⑳
㉑
㉒
㉓
㉔
㉕
㉖
㉗
2.熟词生义/靓词
(1)present(Para.5)
熟义:n.礼物;adj.出席的
文中义:v.提出;造成;呈现
(2)extraordinary (Para.7)
赏析:词根extra(超出)+ordinary(平凡)。作为全文结尾的总结词,它高度概括了这条铁路的性质——不仅仅是工程上的奇迹,更是环保与人文精神的非凡结合。
参考译文
天 路
靠坐在火车的座位上,我仍然不敢相信,我将要沿着许多外国专家声称“不可能建成”的铁路开始一段旅程。火车从西宁出发,向前平稳行驶。一路上,我的脑海中不断回响起《天路》这首歌曲。当火车开过“世界屋脊”时,“一条条巨龙翻山越岭”的歌词变得更加生动鲜活起来。
修建青藏铁路的工人来自全国各地,而我就是其中之一。它历时数年建成,凝聚着我们攻克种种工程难题的全部心血。其中,如何保护脆弱的生态系统是需要我们高度重视的问题之一。
最先映入我眼帘的地标性建筑是壮观的清水河大桥,它是世界上最长的高原冻土铁路桥。看!一群藏羚羊正从桥下走过,有的则停下来悠闲地吃草。铁路桥下修建了33条野生动物通道,让动物得以在自然栖息地中安全自由地通行。就像现在的这群藏羚羊一样,野生动物们使用这些通道已有数年,它们似乎完全没有意识到我们正以每小时100多千米的速度呼啸而过。
为了避免破坏湿地和草原,我们在格尔木和拉萨之间建造了675座大桥,总长度约160千米。我们甚至将一块14万平方米的湿地迁往一个新的区域,以保护其独特的生态系统。
火车一路疾驰,还没等我反应过来,就已经到达了唐古拉车站。它位于海拔5,000多米的地方,是世界上海拔最高的火车站。在这样的高海拔环境中,氧气稀薄,天气多变,还有强烈的紫外线辐射,这些恐怕是我们铁路工人面临的最大挑战。因此建造了多个制氧站以确保工人的身体健康,我们还会定期到低海拔地区休整。
火车经过措那湖时,一股自豪感和成就感在我心中油然而生。当年,沿着措那湖边,我们用成千上万个沙袋筑起了一道二十千米的保护墙,使它免受建筑废料的污染。现在,措那湖离火车这么近,我好想伸出手去摸一摸它那镜面似的浅蓝色湖面。在湖面上嬉戏的水鸟,在草原上游荡的牛羊,让这片风景充满勃勃生机。
几个世纪以来,青藏高原是无数人向往的地方。如今,由于我们的付出,来自全国各地的旅客都能亲眼观赏到这片神奇的土地。我们建成了一条“不可能建成”的铁路,并且给予当地环境充分的保护,我为此感到骄傲和自豪。青藏铁路真是一条了不起的“天路”。
Part Ⅱ Language points
Ⅰ.阅读词汇
1.a splendid house一座 宅邸
2.as the permafrost melts 由于 融化
3.Tibetan antelope
4.protect wetlands and grasslands 保护 和
5.high levels of UV radiation 强烈的紫外线
6.unique plateau scenery 独特的 风光
Ⅱ.写作词汇
1.a distinctive 一个显眼的地标
2.eat grass at their 它们悠闲地吃草
3.pale blue surface镜面似的浅蓝色(湖)面
Ⅲ.多义词汇
1.①protect the delicate ecosystem保护 生态系统
②a baby’s delicate skin 婴儿 皮肤
③a delicate operation 一台 手术
④a delicate sense of smell 嗅觉
2.①wander under the moon 在月光下
②a road wandering through the range of hills一条 穿过群山的路
③wander off and get lost 而迷了路
④try not to let your mind wander尽量别让你的思想
Ⅳ.拓展词汇
1. adv.平稳地→steady adj.稳定的;稳固的
2. adj.巨大的→mass n.大量;许多;团,块,堆 adj.大批的;广泛的
3. n.风景,景色→scene n.景色;场景
【构词法】
名词+后缀-ive构成形容词:
①object→objective客观的
②subject→subjective 主观的
③effect→effective 有效的
Ⅴ.短语互译
1. 伸出手
2. 以便,为了
3. 确保,保证
4. 幸亏
5. 引起某人的注意
6.work on
7.bring ...to life
8.fly by
9.at one’s leisure
10.above sea level
Ⅵ.句型填空
1.句型公式:“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”作主语
教材原句: was among the top concerns.
如何保护脆弱的生态系统是需要我们高度重视的问题之一。
2.句型公式:动词不定式(短语)作后置定语
教材原句:The first landmark is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the world’s longest bridge built over permafrost.
最先映入我眼帘的地标性建筑是壮观的清水河大桥,它是世界上最长的高原冻土铁路桥。
3.句型公式:动词-ed形式短语作状语
教材原句: ,this is the highest railway station in the world.
它位于海拔5,000多米的地方,是世界上海拔最高的火车站。
4.句型公式:动词不定式作目的状语
教材原句: ,several oxygen-making stations were constructed.
因此建造了多个制氧站以确保工人的身体健康。
写作词汇集释
1.catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意
教材原句 The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the world’s longest bridge built over permafrost.
最先映入我眼帘的地标性建筑是壮观的清水河大桥,它是世界上最长的高原冻土铁路桥。
【用法】
have an eye for sth 对……有鉴赏力(或识别力、眼力)
keep an eye on 照看;留意
in sb’s eyes 按某人的意见;在某人眼里;依某人看
turn a blind eye (to sth)(对某事)佯装不见,睁一只眼闭一只眼
cast/run an eye/one’s eyes over sth用眼光瞥(或扫);匆匆查看;粗略地看一看
【佳句】 Walking through the park, a small pond filled with lotus flowers caught my eye.
步行穿过公园时,一个满是荷花的小池塘引起我的注意。(景色描写)
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Could you please keep an eye my bike for a moment? I need to go into the shop to buy a bottle of water.
②The problem might seem difficult to you, but my eyes, it is actually quite simple if you follow the rules.
③Some people turn a blind eye environmental pollution, which is really worrying.
④She has an eye fashion and always knows what’s fashionable.
【写美】 完成句子
⑤She the list of names, trying to find her own.
她用眼光瞥了一下名单,试图找到自己的名字。
2.at one’s leisure空闲时;悠闲地
教材原句 A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge, with some stopping to eat grass at their leisure.
一群藏羚羊正从桥下走过,有的则停下来悠闲地吃草。
【用法】
(1)leisure n.空闲,闲暇
leisure time 闲暇时间
leisure centre 娱乐中心
leisure activities 休闲活动
leisure interests 业余兴趣
(2)leisurely adj. 悠闲的
adv. 悠闲地;从容不迫地
【佳句】 I suggest you take the forms away and read them at your leisure.
我建议你把表格带走,在空闲的时候看。(建议信)
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Please reply to my email your leisure; there is no need to hurry.
②On Sunday mornings, my grandfather usually enjoys a (leisure) cup of tea while reading the newspaper.
【写美】 完成句子
③During , I enjoy visiting the local to participate in various .
在我的闲暇时间,我喜欢去当地的娱乐中心参加各种休闲活动。
3.wander v.徘徊,闲逛;蜿蜒,迂回曲折;走神,(思想)开小差
教材原句 Water birds playing in the lake, and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands bring the scenery to life.在湖面上嬉戏的水鸟,在草原上游荡的牛羊,让这片风景充满勃勃生机。
【用法】
wander away/off 偏离(正道);走失;离散
wander (aimlessly) around (漫无目的地)四处徘徊/闲逛
【佳句】 He wandered aimlessly around the empty street, his hands stuffed in his pockets.
他漫无目的地在空荡荡的街道上闲逛,双手插在口袋里。(动作描写)
【点津】 wonder既可以用作动词,也可以用作名词。用作动词时,意为“想知道;想弄明白;琢磨”;用作名词时,意为“惊讶;惊奇;奇迹;奇观”。
【练透】 一词多义
①A small stream wanders across the field, watering the crops along the way.
②It is dangerous to let your attention wander when you are driving on the highway.
③With no specific destination, they just wandered along the street, looking at the shop windows.
【写美】 完成句子
④The little dog while we were playing in the park.
我们在公园玩耍的时候,小狗走丢了。
阅读词汇清障
Ⅰ.一词多义
快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加黑词汇对应的意思
delicate
A.adj.易碎的 B.adj.精美的 C.adj.虚弱的 D.adj.纤细的
①The tourists were amazed by the delicate patterns on the silk, which showed the artist’s great skill.
②The doctor advised him to avoid heavy physical work because he has been in delicate health since childhood.
③Everyone admired the pianist as her long and delicate fingers moved quickly across the black and white keys.
④You must be extremely careful when washing these wine glasses because they are delicate and break easily.
Ⅱ.熟词生义
根据语境写出加黑词的词性和含义
1.The severe storm claimed the lives of several fishermen at sea.
2. The path winds through the forest, leading to a beautiful lake.
重点句型解构
1.句型公式:“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作主语
教材原句 How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns.
如何保护脆弱的生态系统是需要我们高度重视的问题之一。
【用法】
How to protect the delicate ecosystem为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构,在句中作主语。
(1)常见的疑问词有疑问代词who, what(无选择范围), which(有选择范围)等和疑问副词how, when, where等。
(2)该结构在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。
【佳句】 How to improve English is often discussed among the students.
这些学生经常讨论如何提高英语水平。
【写美】 微写作
①独自旅行时,你需要弄清楚在哪里能找到干净又实惠的住处。(建议信)
When traveling alone, you need to figure out .
②(2025•全国二卷)由于截止日期临近,我想了解一下写作进展如何,以及最终稿什么时候提交。(咨询信)
Since the deadline is approaching, I’m wondering how the writing is going and .
③孩子看着那堆糖果,眼睛睁得大大的,满是犹豫,不知道该挑哪一颗。(表情描写)
The child looked at the pile of candies, eyes wide with indecision, .
2.句型公式: 动词不定式(短语)作后置定语
教材原句 The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the world’s longest bridge built over permafrost.
最先映入我眼帘的地标性建筑是壮观的清水河大桥,它是世界上最长的高原冻土铁路桥。
【用法】
句中to catch my eye为动词不定式短语作后置定语,修饰landmark。英语中常用动词不定式(短语)作后置定语的情况如下:
(1)被修饰词为序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时;
(2)被修饰词前有the only, the very, the next等词时;
(3)抽象名词time, way, ability, reason, chance, courage, opportunity等后常用动词不定式(短语)作后置定语;
(4)不定代词something, nothing, little等后常用动词不定式(短语)作后置定语。
【点津】 (1)作定语的动词不定式(短语)如果是不及物动词,动词不定式后面就要有必要的介词。
He is a reliable man to depend on when you’re in trouble and need help.
他是你遇到麻烦需要帮助时可以依靠的人。
(2)如果动词不定式(短语)所表示的动作不是由主语发出,则动词不定式应使用被动语态。
The meeting to be held next Friday will focus on environmental protection and sustainable development.
下周五将要举行的会议将聚焦环境保护和可持续发展。
【写美】 微写作
①这是一个提升你的技能和获得经验的绝佳机会。(活动介绍)
This is and gain experience.
②这是在不引起更多麻烦的情况下解决问题的最佳方法。
This is without causing more trouble.
③她是唯一一个完全理解我感受的人。(人物介绍)
She is completely.
④我们现在有很多家务要做,所以我们不能出去玩。
We , so we can’t go out to play.
⑤下周一有一次重要的会议要参加。
next Monday.
⑥这个男孩太害羞了,他没有朋友可以聊天。
The boy is so shy that he .
完成课后作业 UNIT 6 Section Ⅰ
答案
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Part Ⅰ Reading comprehension
【整体理解•学语篇】
第一步
The most interesting thing I would see is the Tibetan antelopes running freely beside the railway.It is a wonderful sight of harmony between humans and nature.
第二步
①the “roof of the world” ②delicate ③passages
④Tibetan antelopes ⑤wetlands ⑥grasslands
⑦oxygen-making stations ⑧wall ⑨lake ⑩magical landscapes
第三步
Task 1:1-4 CBAD
Task 2:
Yes, there were certainly some other challenges when the work was conducted at the beginning, such as the question of transportation, water supply, language variety and so on.
第四步
1.to complete 2.challenges 3.among 4.have been built
5.freely 6.To prevent 7.and 8.was moved 9.enjoyed 10.from
【篇章赏读•习语言】
积语块
①靠坐在座位上 ②即将;刚要;正打算 ③向前平稳行驶 ④蜿蜒在群山之中 ⑤世界屋脊 ⑥攻克种种工程难题
⑦脆弱的生态系统 ⑧最关切的问题之一 ⑨引起我的注意
⑩悠闲地;从容地 ⑪ 自然栖息地 ⑫ 例如 ⑬ 全长;总长度
⑭ 独特的生态系统 ⑮(时间)飞逝 ⑯ 世界上海拔最高的火车站 ⑰ 多变的天气 ⑱ 保持健康 ⑲ 一种自豪感和成就感
⑳ 成千上万的 ㉑ 保护……免受…… ㉒ 接近;靠近
㉓伸手(拿……);(手)伸向前 ㉔ 镜面似的浅蓝色湖面
㉕ 使……更生动;使……苏醒过来 ㉖ 博得人们的赞赏
㉗多亏,幸亏
Part Ⅱ Language points
【课前自测•夯语基】
Ⅰ.1.华丽的 2.永久冻土层 3.藏羚羊 4.湿地 草原 5.辐射 6.高原
Ⅱ.1.landmark 2.leisure 3.mirror-like
Ⅲ.1.①脆弱的 ②娇嫩的 ③精细的 ④灵敏的
2.①徘徊 ②蜿蜒 ③走散 ④开小差
Ⅳ.1.steadily 2.massive 3.scenery
Ⅴ.1.reach out 2.in order to 3.make sure 4.thanks to 5.catch one’s eye 6.从事;致力于 7.带给……生机;使复活;使苏醒过来 8.飞逝;飞越 9.空闲时 10.海平面以上
Ⅵ.1.How to protect the delicate ecosystem
2.to catch my eye
3.Located at over 5,000 metres above sea level
4.To make sure we stayed healthy
【核心知识•巧突破】
写作词汇集释
1.①on ②in ③to ④for ⑤cast/ran an eye/her eyes over
2.①at ②leisurely ③my leisure time; leisure centre; leisure activities
3.①v.蜿蜒,迂回曲折 ②v.走神,(思想)开小差
③v.徘徊,闲逛 ④wandered away/off
阅读词汇清障
Ⅰ.①B ②C ③D ④A
Ⅱ.1.v.夺走,夺去(生命) 2.v.蜿蜒
重点句型解构
1.①where to find clean and affordable accommodation
②when to submit the final draft
③not knowing which one to pick
2.①a great opportunity to develop your skills
②the best way to solve the problem
③the only person to understand my feelings
④have a lot of housework to do now
⑤There is an important meeting to be attended
⑥has no friends to talk with/to
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