Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Using language(Word教参)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

本讲义聚焦动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语这一核心语法点，通过美文诵读感知实例，再分模块解析不定式表将来或解释说明、-ing形式表一般性动作、-ed形式表状态的用法，对比易混点（如不定式与-ing的一次性vs一般性区别等），以“先感悟—会发现—善归纳—运用练”的学习支架构建完整知识脉络。 该资料以“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观为指导，融入艺术主题听力材料（如《格尔尼卡》画作分析），在语法学习中培养文化意识和思维品质。设计分层练习（基础填空、语篇应用、阅读完形）提升语言能力，课中辅助教师通过实例突破难点，课后帮助学生分层巩固，有效查漏补缺。

Section Ⅱ　Using language Part Ⅰ　Grammar 动词不定式、动词－ing形式和动词－ed形式作表语 My wish for the future is to enjoy nature① by going for a walk in the mountains．The best part is breathing in the fresh air②．I was really surprised by③ the beautiful view from the top of the mountain．Another dream of mine is to learn④ how to take good photos．What I like most is listening to music⑤ and just relaxing．Sometimes， I feel tired of the same old daily life⑥， but I know these small happy things can make me excited again． ①④为动词不定式作表语； ②⑤为动词－ing形式作表语； ③⑥为动词－ed形式作表语。 ——运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语法观 一、动词不定式作表语 【先感悟】 ①Her wish is to become a key college student after graduating from high school． ②What he wanted to suggest was to cut down the price and increase the sales． ③The students are to meet at the school gate tomorrow． ④Her plan is to be a failure． 【会发现】 ①句中，动词不定式作表语，用来解释说明 主语 wish的具体内容，即她的愿望是什么。 ②句中，动词不定式作表语，what引导的主语从句作主语。 ③句中，动词不定式作表语，表示主语预定要发生的动作。 ④句中，动词不定式作表语，表示未来的可能性或假设。 【善归纳】 动词不定式作表语 作用 主语 表示将来的动作或解释说明 wish， idea， task，job， goal， purpose， duty， aim， way等表示意向、打算、计划的词 表示预定要发生的动作 表示未来的可能性或假设 what 引导的主语从句 【运用练】　完成句子 ①My plan is to learn a new language during the summer vacation． 我的计划是在暑假期间学一门新语言。 ②His goal is to pass the driving test before his birthday． 他的目标是在生日之前通过驾照考试。 ③Her wish is to volunteer in the countryside after graduation． 她的愿望是毕业后去乡村做志愿者。 ④The meeting is to be held in the conference room tomorrow morning． 会议将于明天上午在会议室举行。 二、动词－ing形式作表语 【先感悟】 ①My job is looking after the children． =Looking after the children is my job． ②What I hate most is being laughed at． =Being laughed at is what I hate most． 【会发现】 ①②句中，动词－ing形式作表语，主语和表语的位置可以互换。 【善归纳】 动词－ing形式作表语通常是对主语进行解释、说明，这时主语和表语的位置可以互换。 【运用练】　完成句子 ①The most enjoyable part of the weekend is hiking in the mountains with my family． 周末最令人愉悦的部分是和家人一起去山中徒步。 ②An essential rule for group work is respecting each other’s opinions during the discussion． 小组合作的一项基本准则是，在讨论过程中尊重彼此的意见。 ③The most important thing in a friendship is trusting each other whenever difficulties arise． 友谊中最重要的事情是每当困难出现时都要信任彼此。 ④One of the most important things in life is maintaining good relationships with family and friends． 生活中最重要的事情之一是与家人和朋友保持良好的关系。 三、动词不定式、动词－ing形式与现在进行时的易混区别 【先感悟】 ①His job is to paint the walls within two hours． ②His job is painting walls． ③His job is cleaning the classroom． ④He is cleaning the classroom． 【会发现】 ①句中，动词不定式作表语，表示一次性的、具体的、目前要做的事情，并不是他日常的工作。 ②句中，动词－ing形式作表语，表示这是他日常的工作。 ③句中，cleaning the classroom是动词－ing形式作表语。 ④句中，is cleaning the classroom作谓语，使用了现在进行时。 【善归纳】 1.动词不定式与动词－ing形式作表语的区别 动词不定式作表语 强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作 动词－ing形式作表语 强调一般性的、抽象的、经常发生的动作 2.动词－ing形式作表语和现在进行时的区别 动词－ing形式作表语 说明主语的情况或性质，其内容在逻辑上等于主语的内容 现在进行时 说明动作是由主语完成的，即表示主语正在进行的动作 【运用练】　完成句子 ①His dream is to become a world－famous pianist． 他的梦想是成为一名世界著名的钢琴家。 ②His favorite pastime is playing basketball． 他最喜欢的消遣是打篮球。 ③Our music teacher is playing the piano in the next room． 我们的音乐老师正在隔壁房间弹钢琴。 ④My elder brother is preparing for the College Entrance Examination in his study． 我哥哥正在书房为高考做准备。 四、动词－ed形式作表语 【先感悟】 ①He felt thoroughly disappointed． ②Einstein’s theory of relativity is known all over the world． 【会发现】 ①②句中，disappointed和known均为动词－ed形式作表语。 【善归纳】 动词－ed形式作表语表示主语所处的状态。作表语的动词－ed形式也几乎已经形容词化，可以被副词修饰。这类动词－ed形式常见的有 amazed， amused， astonished， bored， broken， closed， decided， delighted， devoted， known等。 【运用练】　完成句子 ①The students were very excited when they heard they had won the first prize in the competition． 当学生们听说他们在比赛中获得了一等奖时，他们非常兴奋。 ②He appeared quite delighted with the results of his final exams． 他似乎对期末考试的结果非常满意。 ③The little boy felt extremely bored with the long and dull lecture． 那个小男孩对这场冗长枯燥的讲座感到极其无聊。 ④The tourists were truly amazed when they saw the breathtaking sunrise at the top of the mountain． 当游客们在山顶看到壮丽的日出时，他们真的感到非常惊奇。 五、动词－ing形式、动词－ed形式与被动语态的易混区别 【先感悟】 ①Please describe a dog that is frightening． ②Don’t be frightened．You’re always brave． ③The glass plate is broken． ④The glass plate was broken by him． 【会发现】 ①句中，frightening为动词－ing形式作表语，意为“令人害怕的”。 ②句中，frightened为动词－ed形式作表语，意为“感到害怕的”。 ③句中，broken为动词－ed形式作表语；④句中，was broken为被动语态。 【善归纳】 1.动词－ing形式与动词－ed形式作表语的区别 动词－ing形式作表语 多含有“令人……”之意，说明主语的性质特征，多表示主动，主语多是物 动词－ed形式作表语 一般表示被动或主语所处的状态，含有“感到……”之意，主语多是人 2.动词－ed形式作表语与被动语态的区别 动词－ed形式作表语 相当于形容词，表示性质或状态 被动语态 表示具体的动作 【运用练】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①As the community development project progresses， many local residents have become actively involved（involve） in the decision－making process to voice their opinions． ②The American tourists， who are not familiar with the unique street－side performances， often feel amused （amuse） by the acrobatic shows put on by local artists． ③His plan for the project， which takes into account various potential risks and provides practical solutions， sounds more convincing （convince） to the investors． ④ The old temple stayed deserted for decades until the government decided to repair it． 那座古庙被荒废了数十年，直到政府决定修缮它。 ⑤During the heavy storm， the ancient tree was struck by lightning and fell down． 在那场剧烈的暴风雨中，那棵古树被雷电击中并倒下了。 Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空 1.The purpose of the project is to improve （improve） the traffic condition in this city． 2.Their job is assessing/to assess （assess） the credibility of the witness． 3.When my teacher announced the good news with delight in the classroom， I was so surprised （surprise） that I felt it hard to believe． 4.His intention is to create （create） a positive impact on the community through his work． 5.The performance of the young dancers was amazing（amaze）， winning thunderous applause from the audience． 6.The fun of traveling is exploring （explore） new places and meeting new people． 7.His lifelong dream is to become（become） a renowned scientist who can make groundbreaking discoveries． 8.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain seated （seat） as the plane was making a landing． 9.My habit is getting （get） up early and doing some exercise every morning． 10.She was shocked （shock） by the unexpected news of her friend’s accident． Ⅱ．完成句子 1.To listen to Chinese songs is to experience Chinese culture． 听中文歌就是体验中国文化。 2.By contrast， the difference between the two methods appears to be distinct． 通过对比，两种方法之间的区别似乎很明显。 3.What I want to do is （to） make them happy， not tired． 我想做的是让他们开心，而不是疲惫。 4.My real intention is not to hurt her best friend． 我的真正意图不是伤害她最好的朋友。 5.Her goal for this semester is to improve her English writing skills． 她这学期的目标是提高英语写作能力。 Part Ⅱ　Listening and speaking 一、听力清障 1.in height　　　　　　 高度上 2.in width　　宽度上 3.bring peace back to ．．．　　把和平带回…… 4.a full range of　　各种；全方位的 5.deliver ［dI̍lIvə］ quite an optimistic ［ˌɒptI̍mIstIk］ message　　传达相当乐观的信息 6.in protest ［̍prəʊtest］ of　　反抗 7.be made up of　　由……组成 8.in one’s opinion　　依某人看来，在某人看来 二、教材听力二次开发 （一）听力测试 Ⅰ．Listen to the audio guide （Text 1） in the textbook and choose the best answers． 1.Which is NOT in the centre of the painting Guernica？（　　） A．A horse． B．A wounded man． C．Endless ground． 2.What does Guernica show？（　　） A．The power of a range of colours． B．The tragedy of war． C．Pablo Picasso’s fear towards the people． 答案：1－2　CB Ⅱ．Listen to the audio guide （Text 2） in the textbook and choose the best answers． 1.Which statement is TRUE about Feng Zikai？（　　） A．His paintings deliver a pessimistic message． B．He is the pioneer of modern Chinese cartoons． C．He helped people fight for peace． 2.What was Feng Zikai’s purpose in creating this painting？（　　） A．To protest against Japanese aggression and express optimism． B．To illustrate social issues in detail． C．To promote military power and celebrate war． 答案：1－2　BA （二）听力填空 Ⅰ．Listen to the audio guide （Text 1） in the textbook again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear． 　　The title of this painting is Guernica．It was painted by the 1.well－known Spanish artist， Pablo Picasso．Picasso painted this huge， 2.breathtaking painting after the attack on the town of Guernica by the Nazis．It 3.measures about 3.5 metres in height and almost 8 metres in width， and contains many different 4.elements．In the centre of the painting， we can see a bull， a horse， a light bulb and a dead or wounded man 5.lying on the ground．There have been endless debates about the 6.meaning of these images， but Picasso insisted that it wasn’t up to the painter to define them．He said that people must 7.interpret the images as they understand them．Through these images， I can see the 8.tragedy of war， and feel the people’s fear as well as Picasso’s 9.anger towards the fighting．In the painting， Picasso uses only three colours：black， white and grey．In my opinion， this makes its effect more 10.powerful than using a full range of colours． Ⅱ．Listen to the audio guide （Text 2） in the textbook again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear． 　　Let’s take a look at The Battlefield in Spring by Feng Zikai， who was one of the 1.pioneers of modern Chinese cartoons．His illustrations deal with complex social 2.issues in a simple and lively way， and are widely loved by Chinese people．This Chinese cartoon is painted in 3.protest of Japanese aggression against China．In this cartoon， you can see a small section of a battlefield， made up of sandbags， an 4.army cap and a wire fence．On one of the sandbags grow some grass leaves．The lifeless objects together with the grass leaves create a strong 5.contrast．Unlike Guernica， I personally think this cartoon 6.delivers quite an optimistic message．It shows that the destruction of war is only 7.temporary， and that the power of life is 8.everlasting．I can feel the strong spirit and hope in this cartoon．It is widely believed that the grass shows Feng Zikai’s encouragement to the Chinese people as well as his hope for 9.peace．Through his war cartoons， he wanted to express his 10.belief that Chinese people would win the war and bring peace back to the country． ◇determine vt．决定；确定；下定决心→determined adj．坚决的；有决心的→determination n．决心 教材原句　Although my legs were tired from walking around the city， I was determined to see the painting， which is often called the “Mona Lisa of the North”． 虽然我的腿因为在城市里走来走去而累了，但我决心去看通常被称为“北方的蒙娜丽莎”的这幅画。 【用法】 （1）determine to do sth决定做某事（强调动作） determine on/upon （doing） sth　　就（做）某事做出决定 （2）be determined to do sth　　决心做某事（强调状态） 【佳句】　Once you determine to do something， persist until you succeed， for perseverance is the key that unlocks the door to achievement． 一旦你决心做某事，就要坚持到底直至成功，因为坚持不懈是开启成就之门的钥匙。 【点津】　determined to do sth作状语的用法常作为考查点，有类似用法的还有lost in， caught in，absorbed in等。 Absorbed in his book， he didn’t notice that the evening approached． 专心于读他的书，他没有注意到夜幕降临。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The young volunteer was determined to help （help） the children in the remote village improve their living conditions． ②After failing the exam twice， he finally passed it through hard work and strong determination （determine）． ③She is a determined （determine） athlete who never gives up， no matter how difficult the training is．　 【写美】　完成句子 ④Determined to make up for my selfishness， I decided to apologize to him in person． 我下定决心要弥补自己的自私，于是决定亲自向他道歉。　　（心理描写） 维度一：基础题型练 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The movie was so frightening （frighten） that the little boy covered his eyes with his hands． 2.We were exhausted （exhaust） after hiking for five hours， but the view at the top was worth it． 3.The coach was disappointed （disappoint） at the team’s performance in the second half of the game． 4.His ambition is to become （become） a professional lawyer and help people in need of legal advice． 5.The customers were annoyed （annoy） with the poor service and long waiting time at the restaurant． 6.During the opening ceremony， all the guests were seated （seat） in the front row， waiting for the performance to begin． 7.After graduating from university， many young people choose to get married （marry） and settle down in big cities． 8.The children were dressed （dress） in their warm winter clothes to go out and play in the snow． 9.The students were highly motivated （motivate） to study English by the inspiring teacher who made the lessons interesting． 10.His speech at the conference was not only inspiring （inspire） but also provided valuable insights into the future of the industry． 维度二：语法与写作 完成句子 1.Her greatest ambition is to travel around the world after she graduates from university． 她最大的志向是大学毕业后去周游世界。 2.For many elderly people， the most pleasant thing is taking a walk in the park after supper． 对于许多老年人来说，最愉快的事情是晚饭后在公园散步。 3.My dream is to become a scientist who can make contributions to our country． 我的梦想是成为一名能为国家做出贡献的科学家。 4.My sister’s favorite hobby is collecting various stamps from different countries． 我姐姐最喜欢的爱好是收集来自不同国家的各种邮票。 5.They are excited about the upcoming trip to the beach． 他们对即将到来的海滩之旅感到兴奋。 6.He was confused about which answer to the math problem was correct． 他对这道数学题的哪个答案是正确的感到困惑。 7.His goal in this semester is to improve his English speaking ability． 这学期他的目标是提高他的英语口语能力。 8.She felt disappointed， because she didn’t get the job she wanted． 她感到失望，因为她没有得到她想要的工作。 9.The most enjoyable activity is going on a picnic with family． 最令人愉快的活动是和家人一起去野餐。 10.The purpose of this research is to find a cure for the disease． 这项研究的目的是找到治愈这种疾病的方法。 维度三：语法与语篇 用所给单词的适当形式完成下面短文 　　Jimmy and Mason were friends．Jimmy’s job was 1.working （work） on the farm while Mason’s job was 2.running （run） a business．Jimmy was very 3.relaxed （relax） and happy， and the doors and windows of his house were not 4.closed （close） at night．He slept deeply．He was 5.delighted （delight） to lead a peaceful life， though he had no money．However， Mason was extremely anxious and all the doors and windows were kept closed at night．Even so， he still could not sleep well．He was always 6.worried （worry） that someone was 7.to break （break） into his house and steal his money．He was fed up with the 8.tiring （tire） life．How he envied Jimmy! Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　The ancient Chinese art known as dragon scale bookbinding （龙鳞装） dates back more than 1，000 years to the Tang Dynasty．Passed down between generations of royals （皇室成员） and upper－class families， the finished works were thought to look like dragons， each page appearing like a “scale”． 　　With few of the books surviving to the present day， the bookbinding technique was at risk of becoming lost before Beijing－based artist Zhang Xiaodong decided to research and bring it back to life．Using the Palace Museum’s only existing dragon scale book for reference， he spent four years printing and binding to perfect his art． 　　One of Zhang’s works is a dragon scale bookbinding version of the classic Chinese novel Dream of the Red Chamber．The 120－chapter book comes with recreations of 230 images by Qing Dynasty artist Sun Wen．Combining ancient folding and cutting techniques with modern technology， Zhang printed pictures and text onto paper at a factory before cutting them to recreate Sun’s paintings． 　　As part of Zhang’s “scientific approach”， he visited old towns and heritage sites to source materials traditionally used in bookbinding， such as rice paper， bamboo， silk and wood．Then came the most important and difficult part of the binding process： controlling the placement of each page．In order to create a complete picture， each sheet of paper needs to be placed in exactly the right place．Zhang said that a mistake of just a hundredth of a centimeter can produce a huge， visible error when a book’s hundreds of pages are displayed together． 　　Despite Zhang’s efforts， dragon scale bookbinding remains an endangered art．But Ying Kwok， founder of the Art Appraisal Club， is encouraged by growing efforts in China to preserve the country’s cultural heritage．“There has always been an interest in traditional Chinese art but now there are more young people interested in experimental and modern takes on traditional techniques，” she said．“It shows how a younger generation of artists can actually use traditional formats to respond to their surroundings．” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。中国古代的龙鳞装订艺术濒临失传，文章讲述了北京艺术家张晓栋为传承该艺术付出努力的故事。 1.What can we learn about dragon scale bookbinding in paragraph 1？（　　） A．It used to be ignored by upper－class families． B．It began to disappear during the Tang Dynasty． C．It was created because of royals’ love for dragons． D．It was named according to the look of the finished works． 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，完成的作品看起来像龙，每一页就像一片 “龙鳞”，所以龙鳞装是根据成品的外观命名的。 2.What did Zhang Xiaodong do to bring dragon scale bookbinding back to life？（　　） A．He took up painting after seeing Sun Wen’s paintings． B．He combined modern technology with ancient traditions． C．He spent four years reading Dream of the Red Chamber． D．He applied for permission to work in the Palace Museum． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，张晓栋将古代的折叠和裁剪技术与现代技术相结合，来复兴龙鳞装。 3.What is the most difficult part of dragon scale bookbinding？（　　） A．Finding the right materials． B．Placing each page accurately． C．Correcting the book’s mistakes． D．Sticking hundreds of pages together． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句可知，装订过程中最困难的部分是精确放置每一页。 4.What is Ying Kwok’s attitude to young people’s practices？（　　） A．Confused．　 B．Worried． C．Approving．　 D．Forgiving． 解析：C　观点态度题。根据最后一段Ying Kwok所说的话可知，她看到了年轻人对传统技术的创新尝试，并且认为这展示了年轻一代艺术家利用传统形式回应周围环境的能力，所以她对年轻人的做法是认可的。 B 　　The question of how art might make us more empathic （有同理心的） citizens is a growing interest for art institutions， artists， and cultural policy makers． 　　Despite high interest， there is surprisingly little data on whether visiting an exhibition or viewing an artwork really does anything， especially regarding its effect on how we think and behave．What kind of effects we might find and how long the effects might last are entirely unknown． 　　To answer these questions， a research team assessed visitors’ experiences for the exhibition， Show Me Your Wound， organized by Johanna Schwanberg and Klaus Speidel at Dom Museum Wien．The exhibition used a combination of modern and historical art to focus on the topic of vulnerability （脆弱性）．Through the exhibition， Johanna Schwanberg and Klaus Speidel aimed to encourage visitors to reflect on a key issue of humankind and to bring about positive change． 　　Researchers first stopped people walking out of the museum and asked if they would like to participate in exchange for a free ticket．Visitors accepting the ticket were asked to report on their thoughts and feelings regarding their empathic concern for others — both immediately before and after the visit．The results showed that， indeed， the exhibition increased empathy in visitors． 　　The research team also used an experience sampling method （ESM） technique with the same exhibition， in which a second group of 41 people used an app on their mobile phones to report their thoughts and actions each day．When comparing the period before the visit to the period after， the two－week results showed that participants reported trying to consider others’ feelings and reflecting more about themselves for the following week．Most of these changes lasted for the rest of the week． 　　“These results provide evidence that even a brief visit to an art exhibition can make a detectable change．Even when the impact has a shorter duration， it still is positive，” noted Matthew Pelowski from University of Vienna．“If we think about all of the thousands of people who might visit an exhibition， if everyone thinks a little bit more of others， that can lead to a powerful effect．” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究团队通过展览实验，证实参观艺术展览能提升参观者的同理心，且这种积极影响会持续一段时间。 5.What did the researchers do first？（　　） A．They followed visitors for two weeks． B．They interviewed exhibition visitors． C．They gave all passers－by free tickets． D．They used apps to measure visitors’ empathy． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Researchers first stopped people ．．． for a free ticket．可知，研究人员在实验开始阶段首先采访了展览参观者。 6.Why did the researchers ask participants to use an app？（　　） A．To encourage kindness． B．To send timely guidance． C．To limit their screen time． D．To track their responses． 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第五段中的The research team also used ．．． and actions each day．可知，研究人员让参与者使用应用程序是为了追踪并收集他们的想法和行为反应。 7.Which of the following may be Pelowski’s expectation？（　　） A．Further investigation will be carried out． B．Art museums do more to appeal to visitors． C．Joint efforts should be made in the future． D．More and more people visit art exhibitions． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的If we think about all of ．．． lead to a powerful effect．可推断，Pelowski 期望有更多的人去参观艺术展览，从而产生更广泛且强大的社会积极效应。 8.What is the main idea of the text？（　　） A．Vulnerability may bring about positive change． B．Viewing an artwork affects people’s daily behavior． C．Visiting art exhibitions can make us more empathic． D．Empathy is a necessary element for art appreciation． 解析：C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章的核心内容是参观艺术展览能够提升人们的同理心。 Ⅱ．完形填空 　　I used to believe that art was about creating a perfect picture．When I first entered Mr Dawson’s art class， my only 　9　 was to produce a realistic drawing．I would spend hours carefully 　10　 every line， frustrated when my shading wasn’t 　11　 or my perspective was slightly off．Although my sketches were 　12　 accurate， they 　13　 soul．Mr Dawson would often remind me， “Don’t draw what you see； draw what you 　14　．” His words made little 　15　 to me then． 　　One afternoon， feeling particularly disappointed with a failed portrait， I almost 　16　 my paper．Seeing my 　17　， Mr Dawson sat beside me．He took a charcoal piece （炭笔） and， with a few swift， almost careless strokes， sketched the same subject．It wasn’t perfect， but it was 　18　．The lines were alive， capturing not just the 　19　， but the feeling behind it． 　　That day， something 　20　 inside me．I realized that I had been so focused on technique that I had lost sight of my original purpose for drawing — to express myself．I began to 　21　， to let my hand move more freely．My drawings became messier， but for the first time， they became mine．They began to carry meaning and tell 　22　． 　　Now I understand that learning to draw， much like living itself， is not about achieving 　23　．It is about the courage to accept imperfections， to make confident strokes， and to pour your heart onto that blank canvas．The most beautiful art often comes from the journey of embracing our imperfections． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者最初学习绘画时执着于追求技法完美，画作缺乏灵魂，后来在老师的启发下，逐渐领悟到艺术的本质在于表达自我、接纳不完美，最终明白绘画与人生一样，核心在于过程而非极致完美。 9.A．prediction　 B．goal C．insight　 D．hobby 解析：B　根据上文I used to believe that art was about creating a perfect picture．可知，作者最初对艺术的认知决定了他上课的唯一目标是画出写实作品。 10.A．taking up　 B．referring to C．depending on　 D．working on 解析：D　根据语境可知，为了追求完美，作者会花费大量时间专注于线条的勾勒。work on（致力于）能体现这种专注投入的状态。 11.A．complicated　 B．smooth C．cooling　 D．usual 解析：B　根据my perspective was slightly off可知，此处是描述绘画技法上的不足，阴影效果画得不够流畅。 12.A．technically　 B．physically C．economically　 D．emotionally 解析：A　根据上文作者专注于线条、阴影、透视等绘画技巧的描述可知，此处是肯定作者在技法上的准确性。 13.A．touched　 B．had C．lacked　 D．hurt 解析：C　根据Although以及下文道森老师的提醒可知，作者的画作虽技法达标，但缺少情感表达，即“缺乏灵魂”。 14.A．taste　 B．touch C．hear　 D．feel 解析：D　根据下文The lines were alive ．．．but the feeling behind it．可知，老师的核心观点是绘画需要传递情感，而非单纯复刻视觉所见。feel与下文feeling相呼应。 15.A．wealth　 B．progress C．effort　 D．sense 解析：D　根据little可知，起初作者并未理解老师的话。make little sense（没意义）是固定搭配。 16.A．folded　 B．tore C．hid　 D．delivered 解析：B　根据feeling particularly disappointed with a failed portrait可知，强烈的负面情绪会促使作者做出撕掉画作的冲动行为。 17.A．trick　 B．spirit C．struggle　 D．power 解析：C　作者因画作失败而沮丧、恼怒，老师观察到了作者在绘画过程中的困境与内心挣扎。 18.A．expressive　 B．simple C．strange　 D．finished 解析：A　根据下文The lines were alive ．．．but the feeling behind it．可知，老师的画作虽不完美，但传递了情感，即有表现力的。 19.A．mood　 B．shape C．heart　 D．interest 解析：B　根据绘画的基本逻辑可知，画作首先捕捉的是物体的外形，然后再传递深层情感。shape（外形）与feeling（情感）形成由表及里的对应。 20.A．clicked　 B．broke C．wandered　 D．disappeared 解析：A　根据下文I realized that I had been so focused on technique that I had lost sight of my original purpose for drawing — to express myself．可知，作者在老师的启发下突然领悟了绘画的本质。click（豁然开朗）能体现这种瞬间的顿悟。 21.A．record　 B．hesitate C．experiment　 D．select 解析：C　根据to let my hand move more freely以及My drawings became messier可知，作者不再执着于固定技法，开始尝试新的绘画方式。 22.A．stories　 B．lies C．jokes　 D．truth 解析：A　根据上文My drawings became messier， but for the first time， they became mine．以及They began to carry meaning可知，作者的画作融入了自我表达，能够传递特定的内容。tell stories（讲述故事）体现了画作的叙事性。 23.A．freedom　 B．fame C．balance　 D．perfection 解析：D　此处是对上文观点的否定与升华，强调绘画和生活的核心不在于追求完美。 Ⅲ．语法填空 　　On 22 March， when a Jiangxi Opera appreciation class 24.　　　　　　 （schedule） to begin， the lecture hall at Nanchang University was crowded with over 100 people． 　　More students continued to pour in， 25.　　　　　　 （cause） Chen Li， the professor to give the lecture， to relocate the class to a larger place．Having taught the course for many years， Chen focuses on the history， melodies and performance characteristics of Jiangxi Opera．It is her teaching style， which combines traditional lecturing with live performances， 26.　　　　　　　　 sets her class apart． 　　Often 27.　　　　　　 （dress） in Jiangxi Opera costumes in her class， Chen transforms the classroom into a stage to win 28.　　　　　　 （prefer） of her students．Wearing traditional clothes， the students lose themselves 29.　　　　　　 （entire） in the world of Jiangxi Opera．“In my class， I urge them to come to the stage and experience the whole process for 30.　　　　　　 （they），” Chen said． 　　Zhou Xiaoli， who once performed in Chen’s class， found her interactive teaching method unique and 31.　　　　　　 （appeal） and has developed an interest in this art form．“I thought Jiangxi Opera boring and outdated before， 32.　　　　　　 her class made me love it，” she said． 　　Jiangxi Opera has deep historical roots．During the 1950s and 1960s， it thrived in Leping City with more than 400 ancient stages， over 20 per cent of which have been well－preserved 33.　　　　　　 the Ming and Qing dynasties．In 2018， Jiangxi Opera appeared on the Spring Festival Gala stage for the first time． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了南昌大学陈俐老师把中国赣剧传统文化带进高校课堂，受到年轻人的追捧和喜爱，让中华优秀传统文化赣剧得以更好传播。 24.was scheduled　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语On 22 March可知，动作发生在过去，主语class和schedule之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was scheduled。 25.causing　考查非谓语动词。本空在句中作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，应用动词－ing形式。故填causing。 26.that　考查强调句。本句是强调句：It is＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分，强调her teaching style。故填 that。 27.dressed　考查非谓语动词。动词transforms作谓语，本空在句中作状语。be dressed in表示“穿着……”。故填dressed。 28.preference　考查名词。本空作动词win的宾语，应用名词，意为“喜爱”。故填preference。 29.entirely　考查副词。本空修饰动词lose，应用副词。故填entirely。 30.themselves　考查代词。for oneself 意为 “亲自；为自己”，指陈教授敦促学生亲自上台体验整个过程，所以用反身代词。故填themselves。 31.appealing　考查形容词。and 连接两个并列的形容词，意为 “有吸引力的”。故填appealing。 32.but/yet　考查连词。前一句说 “我之前认为赣剧无聊又过时”，后一句说 “她的课让我爱上了它”，前后是转折关系。故填but/yet。 33.since　考查介词。“since＋过去时间点”常与现在完成时连用，这里表示 “从明清时期起”。故填since。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $