Unit 5 Health matters（知识清单）英语外研版三起六年级上册（新教材）

该小学英语知识清单系统梳理了“Unit 5 Health matters”单元内容，涵盖语音语调、必记单词、常考短语、必会句型及核心语法五大知识范畴，为学生搭建了从基础积累到综合运用的递进式学习支架。 清单采用“考点分级标注”和“易错提醒+提分练”的方式呈现知识体系，如将should/shouldn't情态动词、What's the matter?交际句型等标注为★★★重点，通过“错误示例对比”“情景对话练习”培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特别设计语音辨音专项训练、健康计划写作模板等实用工具，不同基础学生可高效自主学习，教师能据此精准设计教学活动提升课堂实效。

Unit 5 Health matters 单元知识清单知 识 归 纳 语音语调 1. 看病询问句型 What's the matter? 特殊疑问句，句末使用降调朗读↘；答句 I have a fever and a bad headache. ↘陈述句使用降调↘。例：—What's the matter? ↘ —I have a cough. ↘ 2. You should… 提建议陈述句，朗读降调↘；You shouldn't… 劝告否定句同样降调↘。例：You should take some medicine. ↘ You shouldn't read in bed. ↘ 3. Do you often…? 一般疑问句，句末升调↗；简短回答 Yes, I do./No, I don't. 使用降调↘。例：Do you often watch a lot of TV? ↗ Yes, I do. ↘ 4. 单元核心语音：字母组合gl发 /ɡl/；字母组合gr发 /ɡr/；均为辅音连缀，两个辅音快速连读，不要中间加元音。例词：glass /ɡlɑːs/、grey /ɡreɪ/。 歌谣：A heart of glass is easy to break. /ɡl//ɡl/glass；It makes your world cloudy and grey. /ɡr//ɡr/grey，朗读练习区分 gl、gr 辅音组合。 必记单词 疾病身体类名词：fever 发烧；headache 头痛；cough 咳嗽；medicine 药；eye 眼睛；throat 喉咙 人物职业名词：doctor 医生；Grandma 奶奶；Mum 妈妈 形容词：dark 黑暗的；healthy 健康的；happy 快乐的；natural 天然的 动词短语核心动词：read 阅读；watch 观看；exercise 锻炼；look 看；take 服用；stay 保持 拓展名词：ginger 生姜；rose 玫瑰；lemon 柠檬；honey 蜂蜜；flu 流感 频度副词：often 经常 情态动词：should 应该；shouldn't 不应该 常考短语 看病就医类：have a fever 发烧；have a bad headache 头痛得厉害；have a cough 咳嗽；take some medicine 吃一些药；drink a lot of water 喝大量的水 护眼健康类：read in dark places 在暗处看书；read in bed at night 夜晚卧床看书；watch a lot of TV 看大量电视；do eye exercises 做眼保健操；look far away 向远处眺望；take care of 爱护、照顾 计划生活类：stay happy and healthy 保持快乐健康；go out often 经常外出 天然药物拓展：natural medicines 天然药物；rose tea 玫瑰花茶；lemon water 柠檬水 必会句型 1. 询问身体不适（单元核心交际句型） —What's the matter? 怎么了？ —I have a + 疾病。我得了…… 病。 课本例句：—What's the matter? —I have a fever and a bad headache. 2. 提建议情态动词 should /shouldn't 主语 + should + 动词原形。某人应该做某事。 主语 + shouldn't + 动词原形。某人不应该做某事。 例：You should take some medicine and drink a lot of water. You shouldn't read in the dark. 3. 医生问诊一般疑问句 —Do you often …? 你经常…… 吗？ —Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 例：—Do you often read in dark places? —Yes, I do. 4. 制定健康计划 will 句型 I'll (=I will)+ 动词原形。我将要…… 例：I'll eat more vegetables. 5. 阅读理解重点问答 —What's wrong with your eyes? —Something is wrong with my eyes. 核心语法 1. 情态动词 should /shouldn't（单元核心语法，对话、情景交际、写作必考） ①结构：should 无人称变化，所有人称后都加动词原形；否定直接加 not 缩写 shouldn't，后面同样接动词原形。 ②功能：用于给别人提出健康、生活方面劝告建议，本单元看病、护眼、健康计划高频使用。 易错：should 后面绝对不能加 to。 2.have 表示患病固定用法 I/You/We/They + have a + 疾病；He/She + has a + 疾病。疾病名词前不定冠词 a 不可省略。 3. 频度副词 often 用法：often 放在主语之后，实义动词前面；一般疑问句要借助助动词 Do/Does。例：Do you often watch TV? 4. a lot of = lots of，后接可数名词复数或者不可数名词，本单元 drink a lot of water（water 不可数名词）。 5. 语音 gl /ɡl/，gr /ɡr / 辅音连缀：两个辅音快速连读；gl 多出现词首，gr 多出现词首；辨音题为考试高频。 6.will 表计划：I'll = I will，will 后面接动词原形，用于书写健康计划。 考 点 速 记 考点 01 should /shouldn't 情态动词提建议（单元基础核心） ★★★本考点是单元重中之重，补全对话、单项选择、情景交际、书面表达全部围绕该语法。解题三步：①should/shouldn't 没有人称变化；②后面必须使用动词原形，绝对不能加 to；③根据句意判断用肯定 should 还是否定 shouldn't。看病、保护眼睛、健康计划题目大量考察，做题先读懂句子意思，再确认动词使用原形。 1. 固定句式结构 肯定句：主语 + should + 动词原形. 否定句：主语 + shouldn't + 动词原形. 例句： You should do eye exercises every day. You shouldn't read in bed at night. 【易错提醒】 1. 错误加 to：✘You should to drink water. √You should drink water. 2. 动词变形错误：✘You should reads books. √You should read books. 3. 人称变化误区：✘He shoulds sleep early. √He should sleep early。 should 没有三单变化。 4. 语义混淆：劝告不要做的事情误用 should。 【拓展】 同义表达 You need to…，阅读理解中会出现，含义 “你需要……”。 提分练 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. You ________ do eye-exercises every day. It's good for your eyes. A. should B. shouldn't C. should to ( )2. He has a fever. He ________ go out and play. A. should B. shouldn't C. can ( )3. —I have a bad headache. —You ________ some medicine. A. should take B. should to take C. takes ( )4. You ________ watch too much TV. It is bad for eyes. A. should B. shouldn't C. can ( )5. She has a cough. She ________ drink lots of hot water. A. should B. shouldn't C. is 二、判断句子正(√)误(×)。 ( ) 1. You should drink a lot of water when you are ill. ( ) 2. He shoulds go to see the doctor. ( ) 3. We shouldn't read in dark places. ( ) 4. You shouldn't to eat too many candies. ( ) 5. They should take some medicine. 三、用 should /shouldn't 和括号内动词正确形式填空。 1.You ________________________ (wash) your hands. 2.You ________________________ (read) in bed. It hurts your eyes. 3.Tom has a cold. He ________________________ (stay) at home and rest. 考点 02 What's the matter? 就医情景交际句型（单元重难点）本考点是情景匹配、补全对话必考题型。核心逻辑：问句 What's the matter? 专门用来询问别人身体不舒服；答句固定用 I have a + 疾病 回答病症。区分：How are you? 用于问候身体好不好；What's the matter? 用于别人已经不舒服的时候询问状况。做题看清楚语境，如果是生病看病场景优先选 What's the matter?。 ★★★ 1.固定句式结构 问句：—What's the matter? 怎么了？ 答句：—I have a + 疾病名词。我得了…… 课本例句： —What's the matter? —I have a fever and a bad headache. 【易错提醒】 1. 漏写 the：✘What's matter? √What's the matter? 2. 疾病名词漏掉 a：✘I have fever. √I have a fever. 3. 答句混淆：别人问 What's the matter，不能回答 I'm fine。 4. 同义句替换：What's wrong? 阅读理解会见到，和 What's the matter 含义完全一样。 【拓展】 听到别人生病，英语习惯说 I'm sorry to hear that.（听到这个消息我很难过），对话高频句子。 提分练 一、情景连线。 1.What's the matter? A. I'm sorry to hear that. 2.I have a bad cough. B. I have a headache. 3.You should take some medicine. C. OK, thank you. 二、单项选择。 ( ) 1. —________________? —I have a fever. A. How are you B. What's the matter C. How old are you ( )2. —My mum is ill. —________________ A. I'm sorry to hear that. B. OK. C. Thank you. ( )3. I have ________ bad headache. A. a B. / C. an ( )4. —What's the matter? —________________ A. I'm OK. B. I have a cough. C. I'm fine. ( )5. Which sentence is right? A. What's matter? B. What's the matter? C. What matter? 三、补全对话，选词填空。 matter sorry have should A: What's the ________________? B: I ________________ a fever. A: I'm ________________ to hear that. You ________________ drink lots of water. 考点 03 have 表示患病 & 一般疑问句 Do you often…?（Story time 课文重点） ★★★该考点出自 Story time《Mary's eyes》，阅读理解、完形填空高频。 1.固定句式 1.have 表生病：I/You have a…；He/She has a…； 2.often 频度疑问句：Do you often + 动词原形…? 回答 Yes,I do./No,I don't. often 放在实义动词前面。 解题技巧：看到 often，一般疑问句要使用助动词 Do；主语是三单才用 Does。看病问诊对话大量使用这个句型。 【易错提醒】 1. 第三人称主语误用 have：✘She have a fever. √She has a fever. 2. 问句中动词变形错误：✘Do you often reads in bed? √Do you often read in bed? 3. 混淆 have 和 has：看主语是不是 he/she/ 人名。 【拓展】 do eye exercises 做眼保健操，exercise 表示体操时必须加 s；表示泛指锻炼 do exercise 不加 s。 提分练 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. She ________ a bad headache. A. have B. has C. is ( )2. —________ you often read in bed? —No, I don't. A. Do B. Does C. Are ( )3. Mary often ________ a lot of TV. A. watch B. watches C. watching ( )4. They ________ a cough. A. have B. has C. are ( )5. —Does he often do eye exercises? —________ A. Yes, he do. B. Yes, he does. C. No, he isn't. 二、判断句子正(√)误(×)。 ( ) 1. Mary has a problem with her eyes. ( ) 2. Do you often watches TV? ( ) 3. I have a fever. ( ) 4. He often read books in dark places. ( ) 5. Do you often do eye exercises? 三、按要求改写句子。 1.I often watch a lot of TV.（改为一般疑问句） _______________________________________________ 2.She has a cough.（改为否定句，不改变句意） _______________________________________________ 考点 04 语音 gl /ɡl/ & gr /ɡr / 辅音连缀专项 ★★★对应课本 Listen and chant 歌谣板块，听力辨音、辨音选择题必考。gl、gr 为辅音连缀，两个辅音快速连读，中间不能额外增加元音；gl 大多词首；gr 大多词首。课本例词 glass (gl)；grey (gr)。 1.发音要点 1. 发音要点 /ɡl/：gl 组合，例：glass /ɡr/：gr 组合，例：grey 拓展单词：glad, grass, great 课本歌谣片段： A heart of glass is easy to break. It makes your world cloudy and grey. 【易错提醒】 1. 发音习惯错误，辅音中间加额外元音，读成 ge-lass； 2. 辨音混淆 gr/gl； 3. 书写混淆：把 glass 写成 grass。 提分练 一、判断每组单词画线部分发音是否相同，相同√，不同 ×。 ( ) 1. glass glad ( ) 2. grey great ( ) 3. glass grey ( ) 4. grass green ( ) 5. glad bag 二、圈出发音含有 /ɡl/ 的单词。 1.glass great glad 2.grey bag glide 3.glad pen glass 三、根据发音分类，填序号。 A. glass B. grey C. glad D. great E. glide /gl/发音：________________________ /gr/发音：________________________ 考点 05 I'll… 健康计划书面表达（单元写作考点） ★★★出自课本 My health plan 板块，单元小作文考点。will 后面接动词原形；I'll=I will。用来写自己的健康计划。 【易错提醒】 will 后必须动词原形，不能加 s/ing；区分 I'll（I will 我将要）和 I'm（I am 我是）。 提分练 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. I'll ________ more vegetables. A. eat B. eats C. eating ( )2. —What will you do for your health? —I'll ________. A. drinks water B. drinking water C. drink a lot of water 二、完成健康计划，用动词原形填写短语。 My health plan Eat: I'll eat more fruit. Drink: I'll ________________________________________. Sleep: I'll ________________________________________. Do: I'll ________________________________________. 参考答案 考点 01 一、1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 二、1.√ 2.× 3.√ 4.× 5.√ 三、1.should wash；2.shouldn't read；3.should stay 考点 02 一、1-B；2-A；3-C 二、1.B 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.B 三、matter；have；sorry；should 考点 03 一、1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 二、1.√ 2.× 3.√ 4.× 5.√ 三、1.Do you often watch a lot of TV? 2.She doesn't have a cough. 考点 04 一、1.√ 2.√ 3.× 4.√ 5.× 二、1.glass、glad；2.glide；3.glad、glass 三、gl 发音：A C E；gr 发音：B D 考点 05 一、1.A 2.C 二、参考示例：drink a lot of water；sleep early every night；do eye exercises every day 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $