Unit 4 Exploring space能力检测卷2026-2027学年译林版英语九年级下册

**基本信息** 译林版九年级下册Unit 4太空探索主题单元卷，以中国航天任务、宇航员生活等真实情境为载体，融合语言能力与文化意识，适配单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|10/10|核心词汇（如possibility, disadvantage）、语法（连词、短语动词）|语境贴近生活，如“做决定考虑可能性”“劳动教育实施”| |完形填空|10/10|天文兴趣培养、独立意识主题，涉及副词（actually）、动词短语（depend on）|通过父女故事渗透价值观，体现思维品质| |阅读理解|15/30|太空梦想、宇航员生活、Shenzhou-21任务、太空垃圾防护|素材时效性强，如2025年神舟任务，培养信息获取与推理能力| |书面表达|1/10|航天员邓清明事迹介绍，涵盖生平、坚持与成就|结合中国航天英雄案例，增强家国情怀，提升语言表达能力|

2026-2027学年译林版英语九年级下册Unit 4 Exploring space能力检测卷 （满分：100分） 一、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) ( ) 1.We should consider every before making a decision. A.possibility B.population C.socialism D.survival ( ) 2.We are always looking for happiness, but ________ it is often found in the simple moments we miss every day. A. lazily B. politely C. actually D. carelessly ( ) 3.One big of living downtown is the noisy environment. A.stranger B.disadvantage C.decision D.research ( ) 4.Physical work plays an important role in developing students’ view of the world and life. That’s why we need to ______ labour (劳动) education at school. A. find out B. carry out C. turn out D. hand out ( ) 5.I to trouble you, but I need your help. Could you speak freely and tell me your real thoughts? A.like B.decide C.hate D.wish ( ) 6.It is not to speak so freely at such a meeting. You should be responsible for your words. A.touching B.based C.gentle D.proper ( ) 7.We were walking in the park. ________, it began to rain heavily. A. In total B. All of a sudden C. So far D. To start with ( ) 8.—You look upset! What’s up? —Our class planned to have a study trip, but the sudden cold ________ us to give it up. A. required B. allowed C. advised D. forced ( ) 9.We need to tell people to just do one small thing well ________ 100 things poorly. A. as well as B. instead of C. according to D. because of ( ) 10. —I’m not sure ________. Could you give me some advice? —Xi’an is a good choice. It was named one of the most popular tourist cities in 2025. A. how I should go to Xi’an B. why Xi’an is so popular C. when I can go for a holiday D. where I can go for a holiday 二、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) When I was a child, my father helped me find my interest and my job. He would take me to art museums, give me books I couldn’t understand at that time, and let me know that the ____11____ is very big. When I became ____12____ in astronomy (天文学) as a teenager, he bought me my first telescope (望远镜). He would go out with me even on cold nights when the sky was very clear. He would tell me something like “Sara, you must get a job so that you can support yourself and not ____13____ any man.” He would say this almost in an ____14____ voice, because he’d seen in his own family that women would just get married. For some reasons, I always loved the stars. I didn’t really pay attention to ____15____ at all until I reached my junior year of high school because my grades were always good. I realized that I was ____16____ good at science. At about 16 years old, I ____17____ to try my best to enter the university so that I could be an astronaut who works in space in the future. When I told my father, he was very pleased. He said, “Dear, you can do what you want to do and I will ____18____ you all the time. I feel happy to know that you will be different from anyone in our family.” I was so thankful for ____19____ my father said, not only because he said yes to my ______20______ , but also because he taught me to be independent. So I could be who I am now. ( ) 11. A. town B. city C. country D. world ( ) 12. A. talented B. bored C. surprised D. interested ( ) 13. A. turn on B. put on C. depend on D. call on ( ) 14. A. angry B. interesting C. ugly D. amazing ( ) 15. A. history B. science C. math D. physics ( ) 16. A. finally B. successfully C. suddenly D. really ( ) 17. A. decided B. refused C. supposed D. regretted ( ) 18. A. change B. support C. warn D. accept ( ) 19. A. which B. who C. what D. where ( ) 20. A. choice B. pride C. problem D. secret 三、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Mary’s uncle Ted was an engineer. He told her great stories about the rockets he helped design, and he often brought Mary science books. He also taught her some knowledge about space. Mary loved technology and science, and she was also adventurous (爱冒险的). For those reasons, Mary’s family kept telling her she should be an astronaut when she grew up, but she just wasn’t sure. One Saturday, Mary and Uncle Ted went to visit the Science Museum. They watched a show on space travel. Uncle Ted told her something interesting about spaceships and spacesuits. But she was most interested in two model robot arms and tried operating (操作) them. She stayed there all day and felt very excited. By the time they got on the bus to return home, Mary was very tired. Closing her eyes, she was thinking about what it would be like to fly into space. As she nearly fell asleep, Mary started to feel the weightlessness that astronauts must feel when they are in zero gravity (重力). The next thing she knew was that she was looking out the window not of a bus but of a spaceship. Mary was operating a huge robot arm outside the spaceship. She felt nervous. But she kept at it. Soon she succeeded. She felt proud of herself. Just then, Mary heard Uncle Ted’s voice. “Wake up, my dear! We’re back home now.” When she opened her eyes, she realized she had been dreaming, but she knew this for sure—she wanted to be an astronaut one day and couldn’t wait for her first trip into space. ( ) 21. What interested Mary most in the museum? A. Two model robot arms. B. Amazing spacesuits. C. A long show on space. D. An interesting spaceship. ( ) 22. How did Mary feel in the museum that Saturday? A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Nervous. D. Proud. ( ) 23. What happened to Mary on her way home? A. She was sent into space. B. She operated a robot arm. C. She had a wonderful dream. D. She experienced zero gravity. B What if things in your home—your toothbrush, books, desks, even you!—suddenly seemed weightless and began to float? This is what astronauts experience in a space station—microgravity (微重力). Even though the space station and the astronauts inside are in space, Earth’s gravity is still pulling on them, though very weak. Let’s explore the astronauts’ life in space. Though there are some challenges, life in space is a super-fun. Eating and sleeping Need to get from one place to another? Just push off a surface and glide there! Nothing stays put. Imagine turning on a tap. Water would go flying everywhere. Astronauts aren’t allowed to eat anything in the space station that creates crumbs (碎屑). Food crumbs can become a disaster if they get into equipment (设备). That’s why astronauts eat specially prepared meals. There’s no “up” or “down” in space, so astronauts sleep in sleeping bags tied to the wall. Their arms will float in front of them while they sleep. Astronauts have to keep their bodies strong. There’s less stress on bones in space, for gravity is weaker. Muscles (肌肉) aren’t used as much. Their bones and muscles grow weaker. Even astronauts’ hearts can weaken. Every astronaut has to exercise for about two hours a day. Most of the exercise equipment is specially designed to imitate the feel of gravity. Work and play Astronauts spend much of their time working. They do a lot of experiments—from space life science to new spacecraft technologies. Sometimes they do spacewalks to make repairs to the outside of the station. When they have free time, astronauts kick back by reading books and looking down at Earth. ( ) 24. According to the text, what may cause danger to the space station? A. Water in special bags. B. Very tiny food pieces. C. Specially prepared meals. D. Sleeping bags tied to the wall. ( ) 25. Which of the following should go in the empty box? A. Exercising for a strong heart. B. Moving freely. C. Dealing with space loneliness. D. Staying strong. ( ) 26. What does the text mainly talk about? A. Strange changes to astronauts’ bodies in space. B. Astronauts’ fun and challenging life in space. C. How astronauts do experiments in space environments. D. Why astronauts inside the space station can’t stay put. C China launched the Shenzhou-21 spaceship on October 31st, 2025. The spaceship sent three astronauts to the space station for a six-month mission. The spaceship took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center with a Long March-2F rocket. The astronauts include Zhang Lu who joined Shenzhou-15 before and two first-time astronauts, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang. They have different jobs as a space pilot, a flight engineer and a payload specialist. There is a fun fact. Four mice (two male, two female) went to space, too! This is China’s first space experiment with mammals (哺乳动物). Mice are good for research because they are small, similar to humans in genes, and grow fast. They will stay on the station for 5—7 days, with lights on 7 a.m.—7 p.m. like on Earth. Their food is healthy and hard (good for their teeth), and a special air flow keeps their home clean. Scientists will study how space’s weightlessness affects the mice. The mice will return to Earth later for more checks, which helps learn if humans can live in space for a long time. The astronauts will do 27 new experiments like walking in space and taking part in science education activities. We are all proud of our country’s great space achievements. ( ) 27. How long will the astronauts of Shenzhou-21 stay on the space station? A. For a week. B. For 1 month. C. For 6 months. D. For 1 year. ( ) 28. Who are on their first space mission? A. Zhang Lu and Wu Fei. B. Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang. C. Zhang Lu and Zhang Hongzhang. D. Zhang Lu, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang. ( ) 29. What can the mice experiment help scientists learn? A. How to feed mice in space. B. How to build a space station. C. What food is good for astronauts. D. If humans can live in space for a long time. ( ) 30. What is the text mainly about? A. Shenzhou-21: astronauts and space mice. B. China’s Long March-2F rocket. C. The jobs of space astronauts. D. Mice’s life in space. C China’s Tiangong space station got some new protection. On March 16, 2026, two astronauts, Zhang Lu and Wu Fei, did a spacewalk that took 7 hours. They put up special panels (防护板) outside the station to keep it safe from space junk. So, what is space junk? It is things that humans have left in space. Some space junk is big, like old satellites (人造卫星) that don’t work anymore. Some is tiny, like small pieces of rockets or even little chips of paint. But don’t let the small size fool you—most of it moves really fast, as fast as 18,000 miles per hour! That makes it very dangerous for spaceships. Right now, there are about 34,000 big pieces of junk (larger than 10 cm) going around Earth, and millions of smaller pieces, too. Why did they decide to put up special panels outside the station? Well, there was a problem with Shenzhou-20 spaceship. It was supposed to bring three astronauts home from Tiangong. But during a check, people found cracks in its window. Scientists think a tiny piece of space junk hit it. Tiangong is a home in space where astronauts live and do science experiments (实验) for months. With the new panels, it will be safer from all that speeding space junk. ( ) 31. How long did the astronauts’ spacewalk on March 16 take? A. 2 hours. B. 7 hours. C. 10 hours. D. 18 hours. ( ) 32. What does space junk include? A. Natural rocks from space. B. Plants on space station. C. Old satellites with no use. D. Astronaut tools in use. ( ) 33. Why is space junk dangerous? A. It is too large. B. It moves very fast. C. It is near Earth. D. It pollutes the space. ( ) 34. What does the underlined word “cracks” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Small breaks. B. Some pictures. C. Finger prints. D. New parts. ( ) 35. What is the best title for this text? A. Live and Work in Space B. Visit China’s Space Station C. Enjoy a Space Travel D. Protect Tiangong from Space Junk 四、任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) Jennifer Heldmann is a planetary scientist. Her team at NASA is looking for water on the moon and Mars (火星), which will help decide if astronauts can live in these places. When Jennifer was 10 years old, she saw the movie Space Camp. ____36____ She loved the movie and became interested in space science. When she was at college, she learned that there was no water on the moon. Later, she and her team started sending research tasks there. The information they got told them, “Hey, maybe there is water on the moon!” ____37____ They love to discover something new. When their team learned that there was some form of water on Mars, they began to wonder: Is there anything living in the water? ____38____ They also do research in Iceland and Antarctica, through which they learn how ice and water work in cold environments. ____39____ They can know how water behaves on the moon and Mars because they understand how it behaves on Earth. In Jennifer’s opinion, kids are the future of space exploration. They are going to be the scientists and astronauts who’ll discover space mysteries. ____40____ Having a face-to-face communication with scientists is also a good idea. A. Could there be life on a planet besides Earth? B. That is really exciting news for the researchers. C. Then they can research other planets with that knowledge. D. There must be water on many other planets, including Mars. E. It is about a group of kids at a space camp who were sent to space. F. It is suggested that kids who are interested in space read more books. 五、词语运用(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A)用所给词的适当形式填空 41.He jumped into the (freeze) water to save the kid. 42.She looked (shock) when she saw the scene. 43. (thankful), he accepted my comforting words. 44.You should be (response) for your own decisions. 45.You can share your ideas (free) with your trusted friends. B)根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。 46.她用五颜六色画这幅画。 She painted the picture with . 47.你最好带上点药，以防你感到疼痛。 You’d better take some medicine you feel painful. 48.遇到困难不要轻易认输。 Don’t so easily when you meet difficulties. 49.我们决定在天气变得严寒之前往回走。 We decided to before it got freezing. 50.听到巨大的响声，她吓得脸色发白。 She turned when she heard the loud noise. 六、补全对话(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) Caroline: Dr. Chen, what is the best part of your job as a space scientist? Dr. Chen: ____51____ There is so much to research. Caroline: What made you study space in the first place? Dr. Chen: I loved watching the sky when I was little. ____52____ Caroline: Did you learn a lot of physics? Dr. Chen: Sure. I’m still learning. Caroline: ____53____ Dr. Chen: It depends. For me, it is easy and fun. Caroline: I am also interested in space science. Can you give me some advice? Dr. Chen: Read more. ____54____ And let your curiosity guide you. Caroline: I’ve learned a lot from you today, Dr. Chen. ____55____ Dr. Chen: You’re welcome. A. Thank you very much. B. Keep asking questions. C. Is physics difficult to learn? D. Studying the soil from the moon. E. How long have you worked here? F. I wanted to know what was out there. 七、短文填空(共10空，每空1分，共10分) In May, 2026, Lai Ka-ying, with her two teammates, took the Shenzhou ⅩⅩⅢ spacecraft to China’s Tiangong space station. She is the ____56____ (four) Chinese female (女性的) astronaut, and also the first one from Hong Kong to fly into space. Lai was born in November, 1982 and ____57___ (grow) up in Hong Kong. Before she became ___58____ astronaut, she worked for the Hong Kong Police Force. In August, 2024, she began ____59____ (she) 1,700-hour training at the Astronaut Center of China in Beijing. The process was difficult, ____60___ she kept in good condition and worked closely with her teammates. She worked hard to learn how to operate manned spacecraft ____61___ (correct). Finally, she completed more than 200 subjects with ___62___ (surprise) performance. In space, Lai will be responsible for different scientific tests and other ___63___ (duty). Thanks to long-term training and careful preparation, she is full ____64___ confidence to finish her tasks. Lai Ka-ying’s journey has encouraged many students in Hong Kong ___65____ (have) a big dream—whether they want to become scientists, engineers, or even astronauts. Her story shows that with hard work and love for the country, big dreams are within reach. 八、书面表达(10分) 假如你校英语社团将举办以“The Hero in My Heart”为题的征文活动，请你根据以下提示内容用英语写一篇短文，简要介绍你心中的英雄——航天员邓清明。提示内容如下： (1)邓清明于1966年出生于江西省，虽然家庭贫困，但他学习勤奋刻苦； (2)1998年，他成为我国十四名首批航天员之一； (3)尽管多年来一直作为后备航天员(backup astronaut)，但他认真对待每一次训练； (4)经过24年10个月，他终于实现了自己的太空梦； (5)我认为…… 要求：(1)包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥；(2)100词左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年译林版英语九年级下册Unit 4 Exploring space能力检测卷 （满分：100分） 一、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) ( ) 1.We should consider every before making a decision. A.possibility B.population C.socialism D.survival ( ) 2.We are always looking for happiness, but ________ it is often found in the simple moments we miss every day. A. lazily B. politely C. actually D. carelessly ( ) 3.One big of living downtown is the noisy environment. A.stranger B.disadvantage C.decision D.research ( ) 4.Physical work plays an important role in developing students’ view of the world and life. That’s why we need to ______ labour (劳动) education at school. A. find out B. carry out C. turn out D. hand out ( ) 5.I to trouble you, but I need your help. Could you speak freely and tell me your real thoughts? A.like B.decide C.hate D.wish ( ) 6.It is not to speak so freely at such a meeting. You should be responsible for your words. A.touching B.based C.gentle D.proper ( ) 7.We were walking in the park. ________, it began to rain heavily. A. In total B. All of a sudden C. So far D. To start with ( ) 8.—You look upset! What’s up? —Our class planned to have a study trip, but the sudden cold ________ us to give it up. A. required B. allowed C. advised D. forced ( ) 9.We need to tell people to just do one small thing well ________ 100 things poorly. A. as well as B. instead of C. according to D. because of ( ) 10. —I’m not sure ________. Could you give me some advice? —Xi’an is a good choice. It was named one of the most popular tourist cities in 2025. A. how I should go to Xi’an B. why Xi’an is so popular C. when I can go for a holiday D. where I can go for a holiday 1.A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：做决定之前我们应当考虑每一种可能性。possibility可能性；population人口；socialism社会主义；survival生存。possibility符合句意，故选A。 2.C【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：我们总是在寻找幸福，但实际上它常常存在于我们每天错过的简单瞬间中。lazily懒惰地；politely礼貌地；actually实际上；carelessly粗心地。前半句“寻找幸福”与后半句“存在于错过的简单瞬间”为转折关系，“实际上”符合逻辑，应填actually。 3.B【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：住在市中心的一大缺点就是环境嘈杂。stranger陌生人；disadvantage劣势；decision决定；research研究。disadvantage符合句意，故选B。 4.B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：体力劳动在培养学生的世界观和人生观方面起着重要作用。那就是为什么我们需要在学校开展劳动教育的原因。find out发现，找出；carry out开展，实施，执行；turn out结果是，证明是；hand out分发。根据“That’s why we need to…labour education at school”可知，此处应是“开展劳动教育”，故“carry out”符合语境。故选B。 5.C【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：我不想麻烦你，但我需要你的帮助。你可以坦率说出你的真实想法吗？like喜欢；decide决定；hate 讨厌；wish希望。hate符合句意，故选C。 6.D【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：在这样的会议上如此随意发言是不合适的。你要对自己说的话负责。touching动人的；based有根基的；gentle文静的；proper 适宜的。proper符合句意，故选D。 7.B【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们正在公园里散步。突然，下起了大雨。In total总共；总计；All of a sudden突然；So far到目前为止；To start with首先。根据“We were walking in the park.”和“it began to rain heavily”可知，此处All of a sudden符合语境。 8.D【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：——你看起来很沮丧！有什么事吗？——我们班计划进行一次学习旅行，但突然的寒冷迫使我们放弃了。required要求；allowed允许；advised建议；forced强迫。根据“the sudden cold ... us to give it up.”可知，突然的寒冷迫使我们放弃学习旅行。故选D。 9.B【解析】考查介词短语辨析。我们需要告诉人们做好一件小事就可以，而不是糟糕地完成100件事。as well as和，也；instead of而不是；according to根据；because of由于。根据“do one small thing well … 100 things poorly”可知，要好好地做一件事，而不是糟糕地完成100件事。故选B。 10.D【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：——我正在考虑去哪儿度假，你能给我一些建议吗？——西安是个不错的选择。它在2025年被评为最受欢迎的旅游城市之一。how I should go to Xi’an我应该怎样去西安；why Xi’an is so popular为什么西安如此受欢迎；when I can go for a holiday我什么时候可以去度假；where I can go for a holiday我可以去哪里度假。根据答句“Xi’an is a good choice.”可知，答句给出了一个地点建议，所以问句应该是询问去哪里度假，应填where I can go for a holiday。 二、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) When I was a child, my father helped me find my interest and my job. He would take me to art museums, give me books I couldn’t understand at that time, and let me know that the ____11____ is very big. When I became ____12____ in astronomy (天文学) as a teenager, he bought me my first telescope (望远镜). He would go out with me even on cold nights when the sky was very clear. He would tell me something like “Sara, you must get a job so that you can support yourself and not ____13____ any man.” He would say this almost in an ____14____ voice, because he’d seen in his own family that women would just get married. For some reasons, I always loved the stars. I didn’t really pay attention to ____15____ at all until I reached my junior year of high school because my grades were always good. I realized that I was ____16____ good at science. At about 16 years old, I ____17____ to try my best to enter the university so that I could be an astronaut who works in space in the future. When I told my father, he was very pleased. He said, “Dear, you can do what you want to do and I will ____18____ you all the time. I feel happy to know that you will be different from anyone in our family.” I was so thankful for ____19____ my father said, not only because he said yes to my ______20______ , but also because he taught me to be independent. So I could be who I am now. ( ) 11. A. town B. city C. country D. world ( ) 12. A. talented B. bored C. surprised D. interested ( ) 13. A. turn on B. put on C. depend on D. call on ( ) 14. A. angry B. interesting C. ugly D. amazing ( ) 15. A. history B. science C. math D. physics ( ) 16. A. finally B. successfully C. suddenly D. really ( ) 17. A. decided B. refused C. supposed D. regretted ( ) 18. A. change B. support C. warn D. accept ( ) 19. A. which B. who C. what D. where ( ) 20. A. choice B. pride C. problem D. secret 【主旨大意】 本文讲述了作者的父亲从小引导她发现兴趣、树立独立意识，支持她追求天文学梦想的故事，展现了父亲对她的深远影响。 11.D【解析】句意：他会带我去艺术博物馆，给我看我当时看不懂的书，让我知道世界很大。结合原文“He would take me to art museums, give me books I couldn’t understand at that time”，父亲通过各种方式拓宽她的视野，让她明白“世界”的广阔，应选用world。town“城镇”、city“城市”、country“国家”均不符合语境。 12.D【解析】句意：当我十几岁对天文学感兴趣时，他给我买了第一台望远镜。 结合原文“he bought me my first telescope”，父亲的行为是为了支持她对天文学的兴趣，对应固定搭配become interested in表示“对……感兴趣”，应选用interested。talented“有天赋的”、bored“无聊的”、surprised“惊讶的”均不符合搭配与语境。 13.C【解析】句意：他会告诉我，“Sara，你必须找一份工作，这样你才能养活自己，不依赖任何男人。” 结合原文“you can support yourself”，父亲希望她经济独立，不“依赖”他人，应选用depend on。turn on“打开”、put on“穿上”、call on“拜访”均不符合语境。 14.A【解析】句意：他几乎用生气的语气说这句话，因为他在自己的家庭里看到女性只是结婚过日子。 结合原文“because he’d seen in his own family that women would just get married”，父亲对女性依赖婚姻的状态感到不满，因此说话的语气是“生气的”，应选用angry。interesting“有趣的”、ugly“丑陋的”、amazing“令人惊叹的”均不符合语境。 15.B【解析】句意：出于某些原因，我一直喜欢星星，直到高二我才真正关注科学，因为我的成绩一直很好。 结合后文“I realized that I was really good at science”，此处指作者之前并未真正关注“科学”，应选用science。history“历史”、math“数学”、physics“物理”均不符合上下文逻辑。 16.D【解析】句意：我意识到我真的很擅长科学。 结合原文“because my grades were always good”，作者成绩优异，确实在科学方面表现突出，此处用really表示“确实、真正地”，应选用really。finally“最终”、successfully“成功地”、suddenly“突然地”均不符合语境。 17.A【解析】句意：大约16岁时，我决定尽最大努力考上大学，这样我将来就能成为一名在太空工作的宇航员。 结合原文“so that I could be an astronaut who works in the space in the future”，作者为了实现梦想，做出了努力的决定，应选用decided。refused“拒绝”、supposed“应该”、regretted“后悔”均不符合语境。 18.B【解析】句意：他说：“亲爱的，你可以做你想做的事，我会一直支持你。” 结合原文“I feel happy to know that you will be different from anyone in our family”，父亲对她的梦想持肯定态度，会一直“支持”她，应选用support。change“改变”、warn“警告”、accept“接受”均不符合语境。 19.C【解析】句意：我非常感谢父亲说的话，不仅因为他同意我的选择，还因为他教会了我独立。 结合语法，what引导宾语从句，作said的宾语，表示“他说的话”，对应原文“my father said”，应选用what。which“哪一个”、who“谁”、where“哪里”均不符合语法。 20.A【解析】句意：我非常感谢父亲说的话，不仅因为他同意我的选择，还因为他教会了我独立。结合原文“I decided to try my best to enter the university so that I could be an astronaut”，父亲同意了她的“选择/梦想”，应选用choice。pride“骄傲”、problem“问题”、secret“秘密”均不符合语境。 三、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Mary’s uncle Ted was an engineer. He told her great stories about the rockets he helped design, and he often brought Mary science books. He also taught her some knowledge about space. Mary loved technology and science, and she was also adventurous (爱冒险的). For those reasons, Mary’s family kept telling her she should be an astronaut when she grew up, but she just wasn’t sure. One Saturday, Mary and Uncle Ted went to visit the Science Museum. They watched a show on space travel. Uncle Ted told her something interesting about spaceships and spacesuits. But she was most interested in two model robot arms and tried operating (操作) them. She stayed there all day and felt very excited. By the time they got on the bus to return home, Mary was very tired. Closing her eyes, she was thinking about what it would be like to fly into space. As she nearly fell asleep, Mary started to feel the weightlessness that astronauts must feel when they are in zero gravity (重力). The next thing she knew was that she was looking out the window not of a bus but of a spaceship. Mary was operating a huge robot arm outside the spaceship. She felt nervous. But she kept at it. Soon she succeeded. She felt proud of herself. Just then, Mary heard Uncle Ted’s voice. “Wake up, my dear! We’re back home now.” When she opened her eyes, she realized she had been dreaming, but she knew this for sure—she wanted to be an astronaut one day and couldn’t wait for her first trip into space. ( ) 21. What interested Mary most in the museum? A. Two model robot arms. B. Amazing spacesuits. C. A long show on space. D. An interesting spaceship. ( ) 22. How did Mary feel in the museum that Saturday? A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Nervous. D. Proud. ( ) 23. What happened to Mary on her way home? A. She was sent into space. B. She operated a robot arm. C. She had a wonderful dream. D. She experienced zero gravity. 【主旨大意】 本文讲述了Mary在叔叔Ted的影响下，对太空产生兴趣，在参观科学博物馆后，通过一场梦坚定了成为宇航员梦想的故事。 21.A【解析】根据原文第3段“But she was most interested in two model robot arms and tried operating them.”可知，Mary在博物馆里最感兴趣的是两个机器人手臂模型。 22.A【解析】根据原文第3段“She stayed there all day and felt very excited.”可知，Mary在博物馆里感到非常兴奋。 23.C【解析】根据原文第5段“Just then, Mary heard Uncle Ted’s voice. ‘Wake up, my dear! We’re back home now.’ When she opened her eyes, she realized she had been dreaming”可知，Mary在回家的公交车上睡着了，做了一个梦。 B What if things in your home—your toothbrush, books, desks, even you!—suddenly seemed weightless and began to float? This is what astronauts experience in a space station—microgravity (微重力). Even though the space station and the astronauts inside are in space, Earth’s gravity is still pulling on them, though very weak. Let’s explore the astronauts’ life in space. Though there are some challenges, life in space is a super-fun. Eating and sleeping Need to get from one place to another? Just push off a surface and glide there! Nothing stays put. Imagine turning on a tap. Water would go flying everywhere. Astronauts aren’t allowed to eat anything in the space station that creates crumbs (碎屑). Food crumbs can become a disaster if they get into equipment (设备). That’s why astronauts eat specially prepared meals. There’s no “up” or “down” in space, so astronauts sleep in sleeping bags tied to the wall. Their arms will float in front of them while they sleep. Astronauts have to keep their bodies strong. There’s less stress on bones in space, for gravity is weaker. Muscles (肌肉) aren’t used as much. Their bones and muscles grow weaker. Even astronauts’ hearts can weaken. Every astronaut has to exercise for about two hours a day. Most of the exercise equipment is specially designed to imitate the feel of gravity. Work and play Astronauts spend much of their time working. They do a lot of experiments—from space life science to new spacecraft technologies. Sometimes they do spacewalks to make repairs to the outside of the station. When they have free time, astronauts kick back by reading books and looking down at Earth. ( ) 24. According to the text, what may cause danger to the space station? A. Water in special bags. B. Very tiny food pieces. C. Specially prepared meals. D. Sleeping bags tied to the wall. ( ) 25. Which of the following should go in the empty box? A. Exercising for a strong heart. B. Moving freely. C. Dealing with space loneliness. D. Staying strong. ( ) 26. What does the text mainly talk about? A. Strange changes to astronauts’ bodies in space. B. Astronauts’ fun and challenging life in space. C. How astronauts do experiments in space environments. D. Why astronauts inside the space station can’t stay put. 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了宇航员在空间站微重力环境下的生活，包括饮食、睡眠、运动和娱乐等方面的挑战与乐趣。 24.B【解析】第三段提到“Food crumbs can become a disaster if they get into equipment.”，食物碎屑可能对空间站造成危险。 25.D【解析】第四段提到“Every astronaut has to exercise for about two hours a day...”，本段讲太空微重力会让骨骼、肌肉、心脏变虚弱，宇航员每天必须锻炼两小时维持身体强健，因此空框处应填“Staying strong”。 26.B【解析】全文围绕宇航员在太空中的生活展开，介绍了饮食、睡眠、运动和工作等方面的内容，因此主旨是宇航员在太空中有趣而充满挑战的生活。 C China launched the Shenzhou-21 spaceship on October 31st, 2025. The spaceship sent three astronauts to the space station for a six-month mission. The spaceship took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center with a Long March-2F rocket. The astronauts include Zhang Lu who joined Shenzhou-15 before and two first-time astronauts, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang. They have different jobs as a space pilot, a flight engineer and a payload specialist. There is a fun fact. Four mice (two male, two female) went to space, too! This is China’s first space experiment with mammals (哺乳动物). Mice are good for research because they are small, similar to humans in genes, and grow fast. They will stay on the station for 5—7 days, with lights on 7 a.m.—7 p.m. like on Earth. Their food is healthy and hard (good for their teeth), and a special air flow keeps their home clean. Scientists will study how space’s weightlessness affects the mice. The mice will return to Earth later for more checks, which helps learn if humans can live in space for a long time. The astronauts will do 27 new experiments like walking in space and taking part in science education activities. We are all proud of our country’s great space achievements. ( ) 27. How long will the astronauts of Shenzhou-21 stay on the space station? A. For a week. B. For 1 month. C. For 6 months. D. For 1 year. ( ) 28. Who are on their first space mission? A. Zhang Lu and Wu Fei. B. Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang. C. Zhang Lu and Zhang Hongzhang. D. Zhang Lu, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang. ( ) 29. What can the mice experiment help scientists learn? A. How to feed mice in space. B. How to build a space station. C. What food is good for astronauts. D. If humans can live in space for a long time. ( ) 30. What is the text mainly about? A. Shenzhou-21: astronauts and space mice. B. China’s Long March-2F rocket. C. The jobs of space astronauts. D. Mice’s life in space. 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了神舟二十一号飞船的发射任务、乘组人员构成，以及随船进入太空的小鼠实验和宇航员的工作安排，展现了中国航天事业的新进展。 27.C【解析】根据文章第一段第二句“The spaceship sent three astronauts to the space station for a six-month mission.”可知，航天员将在空间站停留六个月。 28.B【解析】文中第二段提到 “The astronauts include Zhang Lu who joined Shenzhou-15 before and two first-time astronauts, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang.”，说明首次执行太空任务的是吴非和张宏樟。 29.D【解析】根据文章第四段最后句“...which helps learn if humans can live in space for a long time.”可知，老鼠实验有助于科学家了解人类是否能在太空长期生活。 30.A【解析】通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了神舟二十一号的发射情况、航天员阵容以及此次任务中携带老鼠进行实验的相关内容。选项 A“神舟二十一号：航天员与太空鼠”概括最为全面。 C China’s Tiangong space station got some new protection. On March 16, 2026, two astronauts, Zhang Lu and Wu Fei, did a spacewalk that took 7 hours. They put up special panels (防护板) outside the station to keep it safe from space junk. So, what is space junk? It is things that humans have left in space. Some space junk is big, like old satellites (人造卫星) that don’t work anymore. Some is tiny, like small pieces of rockets or even little chips of paint. But don’t let the small size fool you—most of it moves really fast, as fast as 18,000 miles per hour! That makes it very dangerous for spaceships. Right now, there are about 34,000 big pieces of junk (larger than 10 cm) going around Earth, and millions of smaller pieces, too. Why did they decide to put up special panels outside the station? Well, there was a problem with Shenzhou-20 spaceship. It was supposed to bring three astronauts home from Tiangong. But during a check, people found cracks in its window. Scientists think a tiny piece of space junk hit it. Tiangong is a home in space where astronauts live and do science experiments (实验) for months. With the new panels, it will be safer from all that speeding space junk. ( ) 31. How long did the astronauts’ spacewalk on March 16 take? A. 2 hours. B. 7 hours. C. 10 hours. D. 18 hours. ( ) 32. What does space junk include? A. Natural rocks from space. B. Plants on space station. C. Old satellites with no use. D. Astronaut tools in use. ( ) 33. Why is space junk dangerous? A. It is too large. B. It moves very fast. C. It is near Earth. D. It pollutes the space. ( ) 34. What does the underlined word “cracks” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Small breaks. B. Some pictures. C. Finger prints. D. New parts. ( ) 35. What is the best title for this text? A. Live and Work in Space B. Visit China’s Space Station C. Enjoy a Space Travel D. Protect Tiangong from Space Junk 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国天宫空间站为抵御太空垃圾而安装防护板的事件，解释了太空垃圾的定义、危害及防护措施的背景。 31.B【解析】第一段“On March 16, 2026, two astronauts, Zhang Lu and Wu Fei, did a spacewalk that took 7 hours”说明太空行走时长为7小时。 32.C【解析】第二段“Some space junk is big, like old satellites (人造卫星) that don’t work anymore.”说明太空垃圾包括无用的旧卫星。 33.B【解析】第三段“But don’t let the small size fool you—most of it moves really fast, as fast as 18,000 miles per hour! That makes it very dangerous for spaceships.”说明太空垃圾危险的原因是移动速度快。 34.A【解析】第四段“But during a check, people found cracks in its window. Scientists think a tiny piece of space junk hit it.”指出科学家认为小块太空垃圾撞击了窗户，因此可推知是在检查期间，发现了窗户上的“裂缝、破损”，划线词与“Small breaks”意思一致。 35.D【解析】文章围绕“天宫空间站安装防护板抵御太空垃圾”展开，介绍了太空垃圾的定义、危害及防护措施的背景，核心主题是保护天宫空间站免受太空垃圾威胁。 四、任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) Jennifer Heldmann is a planetary scientist. Her team at NASA is looking for water on the moon and Mars (火星), which will help decide if astronauts can live in these places. When Jennifer was 10 years old, she saw the movie Space Camp. ____36____ She loved the movie and became interested in space science. When she was at college, she learned that there was no water on the moon. Later, she and her team started sending research tasks there. The information they got told them, “Hey, maybe there is water on the moon!” ____37____ They love to discover something new. When their team learned that there was some form of water on Mars, they began to wonder: Is there anything living in the water? ____38____ They also do research in Iceland and Antarctica, through which they learn how ice and water work in cold environments. ____39____ They can know how water behaves on the moon and Mars because they understand how it behaves on Earth. In Jennifer’s opinion, kids are the future of space exploration. They are going to be the scientists and astronauts who’ll discover space mysteries. ____40____ Having a face-to-face communication with scientists is also a good idea. A. Could there be life on a planet besides Earth? B. That is really exciting news for the researchers. C. Then they can research other planets with that knowledge. D. There must be water on many other planets, including Mars. E. It is about a group of kids at a space camp who were sent to space. F. It is suggested that kids who are interested in space read more books. 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇关于行星科学家Jennifer Heldmann的人物介绍，讲述了她如何对太空科学产生兴趣，以及她的团队在月球和火星上寻找水的研究工作，同时也提到了未来年轻一代在太空探索中的重要性。 36~ 40 EBAC F 五、词语运用(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A)用所给词的适当形式填空 41.He jumped into the (freeze) water to save the kid. 42.She looked (shock) when she saw the scene. 43. (thankful), he accepted my comforting words. 44.You should be (response) for your own decisions. 45.You can share your ideas (free) with your trusted friends. 41.freezing 42.shocked 43.Thankfully 44.responsible 45.freely B)根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。 46.她用五颜六色画这幅画。 She painted the picture with . 47.你最好带上点药，以防你感到疼痛。 You’d better take some medicine you feel painful. 48.遇到困难不要轻易认输。 Don’t so easily when you meet difficulties. 49.我们决定在天气变得严寒之前往回走。 We decided to before it got freezing. 50.听到巨大的响声，她吓得脸色发白。 She turned when she heard the loud noise. 46.a rainbow of colours 47.in case 48.throw in the towel 49.head back 50.pale with alarm 六、补全对话(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) Caroline: Dr. Chen, what is the best part of your job as a space scientist? Dr. Chen: ____51____ There is so much to research. Caroline: What made you study space in the first place? Dr. Chen: I loved watching the sky when I was little. ____52____ Caroline: Did you learn a lot of physics? Dr. Chen: Sure. I’m still learning. Caroline: ____53____ Dr. Chen: It depends. For me, it is easy and fun. Caroline: I am also interested in space science. Can you give me some advice? Dr. Chen: Read more. ____54____ And let your curiosity guide you. Caroline: I’ve learned a lot from you today, Dr. Chen. ____55____ Dr. Chen: You’re welcome. A. Thank you very much. B. Keep asking questions. C. Is physics difficult to learn? D. Studying the soil from the moon. E. How long have you worked here? F. I wanted to know what was out there. 51~55 DFCBA 七、短文填空(共10空，每空1分，共10分) In May, 2026, Lai Ka-ying, with her two teammates, took the Shenzhou ⅩⅩⅢ spacecraft to China’s Tiangong space station. She is the ____56____ (four) Chinese female (女性的) astronaut, and also the first one from Hong Kong to fly into space. Lai was born in November, 1982 and ____57___ (grow) up in Hong Kong. Before she became ___58____ astronaut, she worked for the Hong Kong Police Force. In August, 2024, she began ____59____ (she) 1,700-hour training at the Astronaut Center of China in Beijing. The process was difficult, ____60___ she kept in good condition and worked closely with her teammates. She worked hard to learn how to operate manned spacecraft ____61___ (correct). Finally, she completed more than 200 subjects with ___62___ (surprise) performance. In space, Lai will be responsible for different scientific tests and other ___63___ (duty). Thanks to long-term training and careful preparation, she is full ____64___ confidence to finish her tasks. Lai Ka-ying’s journey has encouraged many students in Hong Kong ___65____ (have) a big dream—whether they want to become scientists, engineers, or even astronauts. Her story shows that with hard work and love for the country, big dreams are within reach. 【主旨大意】 本文主要讲述中国香港首位女航天员黎家盈的成长经历、艰苦的训练过程，以及她的故事对香港学生的激励作用。 56. fourth【解析】句意：她是第四位中国女性航天员，也是第一位飞入太空的香港人。空前有定冠词“the”，表示“第四位”，应用序数词，four的序数词形式为fourth。 57. grew【解析】句意：黎出生于1982年11月，在香港长大。and连接两个并列谓语，时态保持一致，由“was born”可知，用一般过去时，grow的过去式为grew。 58. an【解析】句意：在成为一名航天员之前，她在香港警务处工作。此处泛指“一名航天员”，且astronaut以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。 59. her【解析】句意：2024年8月，她开始在北京的中国航天员中心进行她1700小时的训练。空后为名词短语“1,700-hour training”，应用形容词性物主代词修饰，she的形容词性物主代词为her。 60. but 【解析】句意：这个过程很困难，但她保持着良好的状态，并与队友密切合作。前半句表示“过程困难”，后半句表示“保持良好状态并密切合作”，前后句意存在转折关系，应用连词but。 61. correctly【解析】句意：她努力学习如何正确地操作载人航天器。空处修饰动词operate，应用副词形式。correct的副词形式是correctly。 62. surprising 【解析】句意：最后，她以令人惊讶的表现完成了200多个科目。空处修饰名词performance，应用形容词形式，表示事物的特征“令人惊讶的”用surprising。 63. duties【解析】句意：在太空中，黎将负责不同的科学测试和其他职责。other修饰可数名词复数，duty的复数形式为duties。 64. of 【解析】句意：由于长期的训练和精心的准备，她对完成任务充满信心。此处是固定搭配be full of，意为“充满……”。 65. to have 【解析】句意：黎家盈的旅程鼓励了许多香港学生拥有一个大梦想——不管他们想成为科学家、工程师，甚至是航天员。encourage sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，应用动词不定式to have，作宾语补足语。 八、书面表达(10分) 假如你校英语社团将举办以“The Hero in My Heart”为题的征文活动，请你根据以下提示内容用英语写一篇短文，简要介绍你心中的英雄——航天员邓清明。提示内容如下： (1)邓清明于1966年出生于江西省，虽然家庭贫困，但他学习勤奋刻苦； (2)1998年，他成为我国十四名首批航天员之一； (3)尽管多年来一直作为后备航天员(backup astronaut)，但他认真对待每一次训练； (4)经过24年10个月，他终于实现了自己的太空梦； (5)我认为…… 要求：(1)包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥；(2)100词左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Hero in My Heart Among many space heroes in our country’s history, Deng Qingming is the hero in my heart. He leaves a deep impression on me. Deng Qingming was born in Jiangxi in 1966. His family was poor, but he studied hard at school. In 1998, Deng became one of the first group of 14 astronauts for the space programme in our country. Although he served as a backup astronaut for many years, he took every training session seriously and never missed any one of them. After waiting for 24 years and 10 months, Deng finally made his space dream come true and went into space on the Shenzhou-15 spaceship. I think Deng Qingming is a great man. I should learn from him. I will never give up when things don’t go my way. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：一般过去时为主，一般现在时表达观点； ③提示：需涵盖邓清明的出生背景、成为航天员的经历、长期后备身份、最终圆梦及个人感悟。 [写作步骤] 第一步、开篇点题，引出自己心中的英雄——邓清明； 第二步、按照时间顺序介绍邓清明的出生、成为首批航天员、多年后备训练以及最终实现太空梦的经历； 第三步、表达自己对邓清明的看法和感悟，传递向他学习的决心。 [亮点词汇] ①impression印象 ②backup astronaut后备航天员 ③training session训练课程 [高分句型] ①Although he served as a backup astronaut for many years, he took every training session seriously and never missed any one of them. (although引导让步状语从句) ②I will never give up when things don’t go my way. (when引导时间状语从句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $