Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals（知识清单）英语新教材人教版八年级上册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了“Amazing Plants and Animals”单元内容，涵盖动植物主题词汇、核心短语、实用交际句型、形容词副词最高级语法及写作模块，搭建了从基础词汇积累到语法应用再到写作实践的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类呈现（词汇、语法、写作独立模块）、分级讲解（知识点含详解与易混辨析）、关联应用（语法结合交际句型）构建知识体系，如“connect”详解区分“connect...with...”与“connect...to...”的用法，写作框架提供“总起-描述-感悟”逻辑句式，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设计“写作佳句”“语法规则表”等实用工具，助力不同基础学生高效掌握，教师可据此精准设计教学活动，提升课堂实效。

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 主 题 词 汇 1. ____________ n.苔藓 2. ____________ n.红杉；红木 3. ____________ n.猎豹 4. ____________ n.竹；竹子 5. ____________ adj.广受欢迎的；流行的 6. ____________ n.玫瑰；蔷薇 7. ____________ n.牡丹；芍药 8. ____________ n.莲花 9. ____________ n.蝴蝶 10. ____________ n.翅膀；翼 11. ____________ n.蛙；青蛙 12. ____________ v.有……重；称重量 13. ____________ n.银杏 14. ____________ n.蜂蜜 15. ____________ n.花粉 16. ____________ n.授粉 17. ____________ n.蜂巢 18. ____________ v.交流；沟通 19. ____________ n.生态系统 20. ____________ v.保护；防护 21. ____________ n.蚂蚁 22. ____________ n.蘑菇；伞菌 23. ____________ n.大海；海洋 24. ____________ adj.极小的；微小的 25. ____________ adj.精力充沛的；生机勃勃的 短 语 1.______________ 谈论；讨论 2.______________ 在世界上 3.______________ 最受欢迎的主题之一 4.______________ 一把折扇 5.______________ .…的象征 6.______________ 中国文化 7.______________ 建造房屋 8.______________ 最大的动物 9.______________ 学到很多有趣的事 10.______________ 对.感兴趣 11.______________ 问问题 12.______________ 在所有动物中 13.______________ 看；朝..... 看 14.______________ 多达；直到；胜任 15.______________成千上万的；许许多多的 16.______________ 散步 17.______________ 去超市 18.______________ 此刻；这时 19.______________ 勤劳的动物 20.______________ 一次行程中 21.______________ 携带花粉 22.______________ 一起努力工作 23.______________ 建造它们的家 24.______________ 储存蜂蜜 25.______________ 建造蜂巢 26.______________ 交流 27______________ .的生态系统 28.______________ 在……中起重要作用 29.______________ …的数量 ______________ 许多；大量 30.______________ 与......有关；与...... 相联系 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 1. —What’s the blue whale?—It’s in the world. —蓝鲸有什么了不起的地方?它是世界上最大的动物。 2. Bamboo is in Chinese paintings. 竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。 3. Bamboo is . 竹子是生长速度最快的植物之一。 4. The cheetah runs all land animals. 猎豹是所有陆地动物中跑得最快的。 5. I think in the world is bamboo. 我认为竹子是世界上最有用的植物。 6. all animals, I pandas . 所有的动物中,我最喜欢熊猫。 7. We need each other to live, and bees are of this connection. 我们需要彼此才能生存,而蜜蜂是这个连接中最好的例子之一。 8. , many scientists believe that bees are on this planet. 出于这个原因,很多科学家认为蜜蜂是这个星球中最重要的动物。 9. honey, they create honeycombs. 为了存储蜂蜜,它们修建蜂巢。 10. Bees the ecosystem of our planet. 蜜蜂在我们地球的生态系统中扮演着重要的角色。 11. Blue whales can 90 years. 蓝鲸可以活到 90 岁。 12. This food over a year and it helps to create a and . 这样的食物能保存一年多,并且能帮助创造一个生机勃勃且健康的生态系统。 13. you read, you will get. 你读得越多，获得的知识就越多。 语法 形容词、副词最高级 写作 动物和植物 一、知识点精讲 1. popular adj. 广受欢迎的；流行的 【详解】 ① be popular with sb 受某人欢迎 ② be popular among sb 在某人当中受欢迎 ③ popularity n. 人气；受欢迎程度 【写作佳句】 This plant is popular among visitors around the world. 这种植物受到世界各地游客的喜爱。 2. connect v. 关联；连接 【详解】 ① connect A with B 把A和B联系起来（抽象关联） ② connect A to B 把A连接到B（物理连接） ③ be connected with 与……有关联 ④ be connected to 与……相连接 ⑤ connected adj. 连接的；相关的 ⑥ connection n. 联系；连接 【易混辨析】 connect…with…：多用于抽象含义，事物逻辑上关联 connect…to…：多用于实物，物理上把一物接至另一物 【写作佳句】 Bees are closely connected with the pollination of flowers. 蜜蜂和花朵的授粉紧密相关。 3. imagine v. 想象；猜想 【详解】 ① imagine doing sth 想象做某事（后接动名词，不可接to‑do） ② imagination n. 想象力 【易混辨析】 imagine doing sth 想象做某事 hope to do sth 希望做某事，hope后面只能接to do，不能接doing 【写作佳句】 Can you imagine living in a world without wild animals? 你能想象生活在没有野生动物的世界吗？ 4. disappoint v. 使失望；使破灭 【详解】 ① disappoint sb 使某人失望 ② disappointed adj.（人）感到失望的；be disappointed at sth 对某事感到失望 ③ disappointing adj.（事物）令人失望的 ④ disappointment n. 失望 【易混辨析】 disappointed：修饰人，表达人的感受 disappointing：修饰事物，表达事物本身令人失望 【写作佳句】 We are disappointed to know some species are dying out. 得知部分物种正在消亡，我们感到很失望。 5. weigh v. 有……重；称重量 【详解】 ① weigh + 数字 重量为…… ② weigh sth 给某物称重 ③ weight n. 重量；体重；put on weight 增重 【易混辨析】 weigh v. 动词，作谓语，表示称重；重量是 weight n. 名词，含义为重量、体重 【写作佳句】 An adult cheetah weighs about 50 kilograms. 一头成年猎豹重大约50千克。 6. communicate v. 交流；沟通 【详解】 ① communicate with sb 与某人交流 ② communication n. 交流；沟通 【写作佳句】 Many animals communicate with each other through sounds. 许多动物依靠声音互相交流。 7. protect v. 保护；防护 【详解】 ① protect … from … 保护……免受……伤害 ② protect … against … 防护……抵御…… ③ protection n. 保护 【写作佳句】 We should make rules to protect wildlife from danger. 我们应当制定规则保护野生动物远离危险。 8. appear v. 出现；呈现 【详解】 ① appear + 形容词 看起来…… ② appear to do sth 似乎/好像做某事 ③ disappearance n. 消失；disappear v.消失 【写作佳句】 Many beautiful flowers appear in spring every year. 每年春天都会绽放许多美丽的花朵。 9. store v. 贮存；存储 n.百货商店；商店 【详解】 ① store sth 储存某物 ② store sth in… 把某物储存在…… 【写作佳句】 Some plants can store water inside their bodies. 部分植物可以在体内储存水分。 10. except prep. 除……之外；除了 【详解】 ① except + 名词/代词 除……之外（排除在外） 【易混辨析】 except：除去，把对象排除，不包含在内 besides：除……之外还有，包含在内 【写作佳句】 All animals except this kind can live in this wet environment. 除了这一类，所有动物都可以生活在这种潮湿环境。 11. lively adj.精力充沛的；生机勃勃的 【详解】 ① 修饰人、动植物、场景，表示生机勃勃 【易混辨析】 lively adj.生机勃勃的；活泼的（定语/表语） alive adj.活着的，只作表语、后置定语 【写作佳句】 You can see lively plants everywhere in the rainforest. 雨林里到处都能看见生机勃勃的植物。 12. importance n.重要性 【详解】 ① the importance of ……的重要性 ② important adj.重要的 【写作佳句】 Students learn about the importance of protecting ecosystems. 学生了解保护生态系统的重要性。 13. action n.行动；行为 【详解】 ① take action 采取行动 ② act v.行动；做事 【写作佳句】 It’s time for us to take action to save wild plants. 是时候我们采取行动拯救野生植物了。 14. role n.作用；职能；角色 【详解】 ① play a role in… 在……中发挥作用 ② play a part in… 在……中起作用 【写作佳句】 Trees play an important role in our whole ecosystem. 树木在我们整个生态系统中发挥重要作用。 15. without prep.没有；缺乏 【详解】 ① without + 名词 / doing sth 没有（做）某事 【写作佳句】 We cannot live on the earth without plants and animals. 没有动植物我们无法在地球上生存。 16. in order to 为了；以便 【详解】 ① in order to do sth 为了做某事，表目的，后接动词原形 【写作佳句】 People take action in order to protect rare plants. 人们采取行动，为了保护珍稀植物。 17. be home to sb/sth 有……栖息；是……的家乡 【详解】 ① be home to + 动植物 是……的栖息地 【写作佳句】 This forest is home to thousands of kinds of plants. 这片森林是数千种植物的栖息地。 二、核心语法精讲 形容词、副词的最高级 一、定义 形容词、副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较，表示在一群人或事物中，其中一个＂最……＂。 二、形容词和副词最高级的构成 绝大多数形容词和副词都有三个等级:原级、比较级、最高级。最高级表示＂最……＂的意思。最高级的构成有规则和不规则两种。 形容词和副词的比较等级变化规则 1.形容词比较等级的构成（规则变化） 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词 和少数双音节词 ①一般直接加-er,-est long tall longer taller longest tallest ②以不发音 e 结尾加 -r,-st late large later larger latest largest ③辅音字母+y 结尾， 改 y 为 i,再加-er,-est easy happy easier happier easiest happiest ④重读辅元辅结尾，双 写末尾字母，再加 -er,-est big hot thin fat bigger hotter thinner fatter biggest hottest thinnest fattest 多音节词 和部分双音节词 ⑤在原级前加 more,most careful outgoing more careful more outgoing most careful most outgoing 2.形容词比较等级的构成（不规则变化） 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/ill worse worst many/much more most little (few) less (fewer) least (fewest） far farther 较远的 further 较远的；更深入的 farthest 最远的 furthest 最远的；最深入的 old older 较老的，较旧的，年龄较大的 elder 年龄较大的（用于人，表长幼排） oldest 较老的，较旧的，年龄较大的 eldest 年龄较大的（用于人，表长幼排行） 三、形容词和副词最高级的用法 1. 形容词最高级的前面一般要用定冠词the，即＂the + 形容词最高级＂。副词的最高级前the可以加也可以不加，最高级后面一般有介词of或in引出的短语来表示比较范围。of 后面一般接表示一些人或事物的代词或名词，in后面一般接表示一个单位或场所的名词。 John is the best student in our class. 约翰是我们班里最好的学生。 Tom is the most careful of the three boys. 在这三个男孩中汤姆是最仔细的。 He learns most quickly in that class. 在那个班里他学得最快。 2. ＂one of the +最高级+名词复数＂表示＂最……之一＂。这时最高级后面的名词应为复数形式。 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China. 黄河是中国最长的河流之一。 He is one of the tallest boys in our class. 他是我们班里个子最高的男孩之一。 3. 最高级前面可用序数词或副词修饰，表示程度。 This mountain is the third highest in the world. 这座山是世界上第三大高山。 The lake is nearly the biggest in this area. 这个湖几乎是这个地区最大的。 4. 有时形容词的比较级可以表达最高级含义。 Nanjing is larger than any other city in Jiangsu Province. 南京比江苏省其他任何城市都大。 You can’t find a better hotel than this one in town. 在这个镇上你不能找到比这更好的旅馆了。 5. 用于＂特殊疑问词+be/行为动词 + 最高级, A, B or C?＂句型。 Who runs fastest, Tom, John or Jim? 汤姆、约翰和吉姆谁跑得最快？ 6. 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，但如果最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时，则不用定冠词。 My eldest daughter is 16 years old. 我最大的女儿16岁了。 7. 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省略。 Who sings (the) most beautifully of the three? 这三人谁唱得最动听？ 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元话题 Amazing plants and animals（神奇的动植物），属于人与自然主题语境。常考写作任务：介绍一种神奇的动植物、呼吁保护动植物、描写动植物的特点与生存现状。 写作核心：准确使用动植物相关名词、描述特征的形容词；恰当运用一般现在时介绍生物习性；能简单说明动植物的作用，表达保护自然的观点。 写作体裁以说明文、议论文为主，词数多为80‑100词。 2. 写作框架 开头：总起，点明所要介绍的动植物，总述它十分神奇特别。 中间：分层描述它的外形、生活习性、独特本领，补充简单小细节。 结尾：抒发感悟，点明该生物的价值，呼吁保护动植物、爱护自然。 >逻辑句式参考： >开头：Our world is full of amazing plants and animals. I’d like to introduce ________ to you. >中间：It has special features. Besides, it lives in… and it can… >结尾：We should try our best to protect them and respect nature. 3. 写作素材 ✅核心单词 amazing adj.令人惊奇的 survive v.生存；存活 protect v.保护 value n.价值 rare adj.稀有的 natural adj.自然的 habitat n.栖息地 feature n.特征 danger n.危险 wild adj.野生的 wonder adj.奇妙的 feed v.喂养 ✅核心短语 1. live in 居住在；生长于 2. in danger 处于危险之中 3. try one’s best to do 尽某人最大努力做 4. play an important role in 在……起重要作用 5. take action 采取行动 6. because of 因为；由于 7. be home to 是……的家园 8. keep…safe 使……安全 ✅高分句型 1. Our world is filled with amazing plants and animals that surprise us a lot. 我们的世界充满了令我们惊叹的神奇动植物。 2. This kind of plant can survive in very dry conditions. 这种植物可以在非常干旱的环境下生存。 3. Many wild animals are in danger because their living areas are becoming smaller. 很多野生动物处境危险，因为它们的栖息地正在变小。 4. Plants and animals play an important role in keeping our world balanced. 动植物对于维持世界平衡发挥重要作用。 5. It’s high time that we took action to protect wildlife around us. 是我们采取行动保护身边野生动植物的时候了。 4. 范文背诵 题目：An amazing animal I like Our world is full of amazing plants and animals. I’d like to introduce pandas to you. Pandas are so lovely. They mainly live in bamboo forests and feed on fresh bamboo. They look fat with black‑and‑white fur. In the past, pandas were in great danger because of the loss of their habitats. Luckily, people take action to protect them. Animals play an important role in our world. We should try our best to keep them safe and respect nature. 一、用单词的正确形式填空（10 题） 1. This park is one of the ________ (lively) natural parks in our city. 2. It is our duty to take action for the ________ (important) of wildlife protection. 3. Can you imagine ________ (live) in a world without green plants? 4. The ________ (weigh) of this adult cheetah is more than 50 kilos. 5. Many animals feel ________ (disappoint) when their living areas become smaller. 6. Good ________ (communicate) between different species helps keep balance of nature. 7. This is ________ (popular) local plant among tourists in this area. 8. We should take ________ (act) to protect these rare plants from disappearing. 9. These two lakes are closely ________ (connect) to the whole river system. 10. The ________ (protect) of forests matters a lot to all living things. 二、单词拼写（15 题，根据汉语提示写单词） 1. Many ________ (蝴蝶) fly among the flowers in spring. 2. This kind of animal can ________ (贮存) lots of water in its body. 3. ________ (实际上), small insects play a great role in nature. 4. The area is ________ (栖息地) many kinds of wild birds. 5. Nothing can live on the earth ________ (没有) water and sunlight. 6. This kind of ________ (银杏) has lived on the earth for millions of years. 7. We should learn about the ________ (气候) of this wet land. 8. The ________ (海洋) offers home to thousands of sea creatures. 9. Please tell me the ________ (标题) of this report on ecosystem. 10. The ________ (吨) of waste should not be poured into the river. 11. Bees are responsible for the ________ (授粉) of most wild flowers. 12. This ________ (猎豹) can run at a very high speed. 13. ________ (除…… 之外) some small animals, all need fresh plants for food. 14. We can see green ________ (竹子) everywhere in this mountain area. 15. People feel ________ (幸福) when they get close to wild nature. 三、完成句子 1. 每个人都可以参与保护生态系统。 Everyone can ________________________ protecting the ecosystem. 2. 出于这个原因，我们需要采取行动保护濒危动植物。 ________________________, we need to take action to protect endangered plants and animals. 3. 这座大山是许多珍稀野生动物的栖息地。 This big mountain ________________________ many rare wild animals. 4. 很多植物与昆虫的活动有关联。 Many plants ________________________ insects’ activities. 5. 为了保护野生动物免受危险，我们要多植树。 We plant more trees ________________________ wild animals from danger. 6. 实际上，植物在自然界中发挥重要作用。 ________________________, plants ________________________ in nature. 7. 不要想象居住在没有任何动植物的世界。 Don’t imagine ________________________ a world without any plants or animals. 8. 这种新植物深受来自各地游客的欢迎。 This new plant ________________________ visitors from all over the world. 9. 我们应当学会和周围的小动物交流。 We should learn to ________________________ small animals around us. 10. 这个湿地公园符合人们对它的期待。 This wet‑land park ___________________ 四、语法填空 （25-26八年级上·山东临沂·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you ever see elephants? Elephants are the 1 (large) animals on land. For 2 long time, they have been very helpful. They carry big trees and take people from place to place. Do you want to know about 3 (they)? Here I can tell you. Elephants have big ears. They make use of their ears to hear and show how they feel. Elephants also have long noses. We call them elephant trunks. The trunks are very useful “ 4 (tool)”. Elephants use them 5 (pick) up food and have showers. Elephants have very poor eyesight (视力). They usually can’t see a mouse even though one comes very close to them. Elephants live with their family. Usually, an adult female (成年雌性的) elephant is of great 6 (important) to the family. She plays a role in 7 (help) her family find food and water. Baby male (雄性的) elephants live with their mothers. When they are about 11 8 (year) old, they go to live with other males. At the age of 15, the male elephants begin to live by themselves. Elephants like to eat many kinds of plants. They eat grass, fruit and flowers. They eat a lot. 9 this reason, they can’t live in one place for very long. 10 (actual), they are always on the way to look for food. Passage 2 （25-26八年级上·湖南娄底·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you like elephants? Elephants are one of the 1 (big) mammals (哺乳动物) in the world. There are two kinds of elephants, the African elephants 2 the Asian elephants. The main 3 (different) between them is that the Asian one has much 4 (small) ears. The African elephant uses its bigger ears to cool down during the summer. The elephants use their 5 (foot) to feel the vibrations (震动) on the ground. One elephant has two tusks (长牙). They can be as long 6 2 metres. An adult elephant 7 (reach) 3 to 4 metres—It is many times taller than a baby one, and an adult elephant weighs about 5,000 kg . Adult elephants spend 15 to 18 hours a day 8 (eat) 250 to 300 kilos of food. Elephants can live up to about 70 years. 9 (they) eyesight (视力) is very poor, 10 we don’t need to be sad about them. The elephant has the biggest brain among the mammals on land. 五、选词填空 Passage 1 （25-26八年级上·广西贵港·期中）根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。 were  idea  favourite  see  go  gift  fan  because  they  high Three years ago, Charlotte from Chorley, in the UK, bought two ducks to live in her garden. They were a 1 for her family, but they didn’t know what to call them. One day, her son said, “Why don’t we call them Ham and Pea?” Everyone liked the 2 . Soon, the ducks were part of the family, and loved watching TV with Charlotte and her three boys. One of their 3 activities was chasing the rubbish truck every Tuesday. They 4 also happy to join Charlotte when she walked with her kids to school. Ham and Pea are very well known in Charlotte’s town. This is 5 they often leave her garden. “The first time they did that,” Charlotte says, “I just couldn’t believe it. I have a 6 wall. They aren’t very big and can’t fly.” The first time the ducks went out, a neighbour 7 them in his garden and brought them home. “In Chorley, people love them,” says Charlotte. I 8 to the shops, and people say, “Oh, there’s Ham and Pea.” Charlotte shares videos of her ducks with their online 9 and says, “People everywhere want to see my latest videos of them. People say that Ham and Pea make 10 smile.” Passage 2 （25-26八年级上·陕西咸阳·期中）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。） much    protect    because    sea    easy    catch    animal    safe    they    appear Do you know why different animals or insects have their own colours? This is because they use different colours to keep 1 Some birds feed on insects, but it’s not easy for them to 2 locusts (蝗虫). Why? This is because locusts change 3 colours to match (与……一致) the food plants. When food plants are green, locusts can 4 green. When the plants turn brown, locusts also turn brown. Some other insects have to come out only at night. It is because they have different colours from plants, and birds can find them 5 and eat them. If you study animal life, you’ll find that the 6 important use of colour is for protection (保护). Tigers, lions and other 7 quietly move through forests. The small animals cannot find them 8 they have the colours much like those of the trees and grass. In the sea, there’s a kind of fish with a soft body. It is not strong at all, but it can send out black liquid (液体) when it faces danger. The liquid 9 the fish from its hunters, giving it a chance (机会) to swim away quickly. That’s why we can still see it in the 10 . 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 主 题 词 汇 1. moss n.苔藓 2. redwood n.红杉；红木 3. cheetah n.猎豹 4. bamboo n.竹；竹子 5. popular adj.广受欢迎的；流行的 6. rose n.玫瑰；蔷薇 7. peony n.牡丹；芍药 8. lotus n.莲花 9. butterfly n.蝴蝶 10. wing n.翅膀；翼 11. frog n.蛙；青蛙 12. weigh v.有……重；称重量 13. ginkgo n.银杏 14. honey n.蜂蜜（不可数名词） 15. pollen n.花粉 16. pollination n.授粉 17. honeycomb n.蜂巢 18. communicate v.交流；沟通 19. ecosystem n.生态系统 20. protect v.保护；防护 21. ant n.蚂蚁 22. mushroom n.蘑菇；伞菌 23. ocean n.大海；海洋 24. tiny adj.极小的；微小的 25. lively adj.精力充沛的；生机勃勃的（修饰动植物/场景） 短 语 1.talk about 谈论；讨论 2.in the world在世界上 3.one of the most popular subjects 最受欢迎的主题之一 4.a folding fan一把折扇 5.a symbol of .… .…的象征 6.Chinese culture 中国文化 7.build houses 建造房屋 8.the largest / biggest animal 最大的动物 9.learn lots of interesting things 学到很多有趣的事 10.be interested in 对.感兴趣 11.ask questions 问问题 12.among all animals 在所有动物中 13.look at看；朝..... 看 14.up to 多达；直到；胜任 15.thousands of成千上万的；许许多多的 16.take a walk 散步 17.go to the supermarket 去超市 18.at this moment 此刻；这时 19.hard - working animals 勤劳的动物 20.on one trip 一次行程中 21.take pollen with them 携带花粉 22.work hard together一起努力工作 23.make their homes建造它们的家 24.store honey 储存蜂蜜 25.create honeycombs 建造蜂巢 26.communicate with...交流 27.the ecosystem of......的生态系统 28.play an important part in ..=play an important role in...在……中起重要作用 29.the number of……的数量a number of...许多；大量 30.be connected with与......有关；与...... 相联系 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 1. —What’s amazing about the blue whale?—It’s the largest animal in the world. —蓝鲸有什么了不起的地方?它是世界上最大的动物。 2. Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. 竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。 3. Bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants. 竹子是生长速度最快的植物之一。 4. The cheetah runs (the) fastest of all land animals. 猎豹是所有陆地动物中跑得最快的。 5. I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo. 我认为竹子是世界上最有用的植物。 6. Of/Among all animals, I like pandas the best. 所有的动物中,我最喜欢熊猫。 7. We need each other to live, and bees are one of the best examples of this connection. 我们需要彼此才能生存,而蜜蜂是这个连接中最好的例子之一。 8. For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this planet. 出于这个原因,很多科学家认为蜜蜂是这个星球中最重要的动物。 9. In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. 为了存储蜂蜜,它们修建蜂巢。 10. Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet. 蜜蜂在我们地球的生态系统中扮演着重要的角色。 11. Blue whales can live up to 90 years. 蓝鲸可以活到 90 岁。 12. This food lasts for over a year and it helps to create a lively and healthy ecosystem. 这样的食物能保存一年多,并且能帮助创造一个生机勃勃且健康的生态系统。 13. The more you read, the more knowledge you will get. 你读得越多，获得的知识就越多。 语法 形容词、副词最高级 写作 动物和植物 一、知识点精讲 1. popular adj. 广受欢迎的；流行的 【详解】 ① be popular with sb 受某人欢迎 ② be popular among sb 在某人当中受欢迎 ③ popularity n. 人气；受欢迎程度 【写作佳句】 This plant is popular among visitors around the world. 这种植物受到世界各地游客的喜爱。 2. connect v. 关联；连接 【详解】 ① connect A with B 把A和B联系起来（抽象关联） ② connect A to B 把A连接到B（物理连接） ③ be connected with 与……有关联 ④ be connected to 与……相连接 ⑤ connected adj. 连接的；相关的 ⑥ connection n. 联系；连接 【易混辨析】 connect…with…：多用于抽象含义，事物逻辑上关联 connect…to…：多用于实物，物理上把一物接至另一物 【写作佳句】 Bees are closely connected with the pollination of flowers. 蜜蜂和花朵的授粉紧密相关。 3. imagine v. 想象；猜想 【详解】 ① imagine doing sth 想象做某事（后接动名词，不可接to‑do） ② imagination n. 想象力 【易混辨析】 imagine doing sth 想象做某事 hope to do sth 希望做某事，hope后面只能接to do，不能接doing 【写作佳句】 Can you imagine living in a world without wild animals? 你能想象生活在没有野生动物的世界吗？ 4. disappoint v. 使失望；使破灭 【详解】 ① disappoint sb 使某人失望 ② disappointed adj.（人）感到失望的；be disappointed at sth 对某事感到失望 ③ disappointing adj.（事物）令人失望的 ④ disappointment n. 失望 【易混辨析】 disappointed：修饰人，表达人的感受 disappointing：修饰事物，表达事物本身令人失望 【写作佳句】 We are disappointed to know some species are dying out. 得知部分物种正在消亡，我们感到很失望。 5. weigh v. 有……重；称重量 【详解】 ① weigh + 数字 重量为…… ② weigh sth 给某物称重 ③ weight n. 重量；体重；put on weight 增重 【易混辨析】 weigh v. 动词，作谓语，表示称重；重量是 weight n. 名词，含义为重量、体重 【写作佳句】 An adult cheetah weighs about 50 kilograms. 一头成年猎豹重大约50千克。 6. communicate v. 交流；沟通 【详解】 ① communicate with sb 与某人交流 ② communication n. 交流；沟通 【写作佳句】 Many animals communicate with each other through sounds. 许多动物依靠声音互相交流。 7. protect v. 保护；防护 【详解】 ① protect … from … 保护……免受……伤害 ② protect … against … 防护……抵御…… ③ protection n. 保护 【写作佳句】 We should make rules to protect wildlife from danger. 我们应当制定规则保护野生动物远离危险。 8. appear v. 出现；呈现 【详解】 ① appear + 形容词 看起来…… ② appear to do sth 似乎/好像做某事 ③ disappearance n. 消失；disappear v.消失 【写作佳句】 Many beautiful flowers appear in spring every year. 每年春天都会绽放许多美丽的花朵。 9. store v. 贮存；存储 n.百货商店；商店 【详解】 ① store sth 储存某物 ② store sth in… 把某物储存在…… 【写作佳句】 Some plants can store water inside their bodies. 部分植物可以在体内储存水分。 10. except prep. 除……之外；除了 【详解】 ① except + 名词/代词 除……之外（排除在外） 【易混辨析】 except：除去，把对象排除，不包含在内 besides：除……之外还有，包含在内 【写作佳句】 All animals except this kind can live in this wet environment. 除了这一类，所有动物都可以生活在这种潮湿环境。 11. lively adj.精力充沛的；生机勃勃的 【详解】 ① 修饰人、动植物、场景，表示生机勃勃 【易混辨析】 lively adj.生机勃勃的；活泼的（定语/表语） alive adj.活着的，只作表语、后置定语 【写作佳句】 You can see lively plants everywhere in the rainforest. 雨林里到处都能看见生机勃勃的植物。 12. importance n.重要性 【详解】 ① the importance of ……的重要性 ② important adj.重要的 【写作佳句】 Students learn about the importance of protecting ecosystems. 学生了解保护生态系统的重要性。 13. action n.行动；行为 【详解】 ① take action 采取行动 ② act v.行动；做事 【写作佳句】 It’s time for us to take action to save wild plants. 是时候我们采取行动拯救野生植物了。 14. role n.作用；职能；角色 【详解】 ① play a role in… 在……中发挥作用 ② play a part in… 在……中起作用 【写作佳句】 Trees play an important role in our whole ecosystem. 树木在我们整个生态系统中发挥重要作用。 15. without prep.没有；缺乏 【详解】 ① without + 名词 / doing sth 没有（做）某事 【写作佳句】 We cannot live on the earth without plants and animals. 没有动植物我们无法在地球上生存。 16. in order to 为了；以便 【详解】 ① in order to do sth 为了做某事，表目的，后接动词原形 【写作佳句】 People take action in order to protect rare plants. 人们采取行动，为了保护珍稀植物。 17. be home to sb/sth 有……栖息；是……的家乡 【详解】 ① be home to + 动植物 是……的栖息地 【写作佳句】 This forest is home to thousands of kinds of plants. 这片森林是数千种植物的栖息地。 二、核心语法精讲 形容词、副词的最高级 一、定义 形容词、副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较，表示在一群人或事物中，其中一个＂最……＂。 二、形容词和副词最高级的构成 绝大多数形容词和副词都有三个等级:原级、比较级、最高级。最高级表示＂最……＂的意思。最高级的构成有规则和不规则两种。 形容词和副词的比较等级变化规则 1.形容词比较等级的构成（规则变化） 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词 和少数双音节词 ①一般直接加-er,-est long tall longer taller longest tallest ②以不发音 e 结尾加 -r,-st late large later larger latest largest ③辅音字母+y 结尾， 改 y 为 i,再加-er,-est easy happy easier happier easiest happiest ④重读辅元辅结尾，双 写末尾字母，再加 -er,-est big hot thin fat bigger hotter thinner fatter biggest hottest thinnest fattest 多音节词 和部分双音节词 ⑤在原级前加 more,most careful outgoing more careful more outgoing most careful most outgoing 2.形容词比较等级的构成（不规则变化） 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/ill worse worst many/much more most little (few) less (fewer) least (fewest） far farther 较远的 further 较远的；更深入的 farthest 最远的 furthest 最远的；最深入的 old older 较老的，较旧的，年龄较大的 elder 年龄较大的（用于人，表长幼排） oldest 较老的，较旧的，年龄较大的 eldest 年龄较大的（用于人，表长幼排行） 三、形容词和副词最高级的用法 1. 形容词最高级的前面一般要用定冠词the，即＂the + 形容词最高级＂。副词的最高级前the可以加也可以不加，最高级后面一般有介词of或in引出的短语来表示比较范围。of 后面一般接表示一些人或事物的代词或名词，in后面一般接表示一个单位或场所的名词。 John is the best student in our class. 约翰是我们班里最好的学生。 Tom is the most careful of the three boys. 在这三个男孩中汤姆是最仔细的。 He learns most quickly in that class. 在那个班里他学得最快。 2. ＂one of the +最高级+名词复数＂表示＂最……之一＂。这时最高级后面的名词应为复数形式。 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China. 黄河是中国最长的河流之一。 He is one of the tallest boys in our class. 他是我们班里个子最高的男孩之一。 3. 最高级前面可用序数词或副词修饰，表示程度。 This mountain is the third highest in the world. 这座山是世界上第三大高山。 The lake is nearly the biggest in this area. 这个湖几乎是这个地区最大的。 4. 有时形容词的比较级可以表达最高级含义。 Nanjing is larger than any other city in Jiangsu Province. 南京比江苏省其他任何城市都大。 You can’t find a better hotel than this one in town. 在这个镇上你不能找到比这更好的旅馆了。 5. 用于＂特殊疑问词+be/行为动词 + 最高级, A, B or C?＂句型。 Who runs fastest, Tom, John or Jim? 汤姆、约翰和吉姆谁跑得最快？ 6. 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，但如果最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时，则不用定冠词。 My eldest daughter is 16 years old. 我最大的女儿16岁了。 7. 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省略。 Who sings (the) most beautifully of the three? 这三人谁唱得最动听？ 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元话题 Amazing plants and animals（神奇的动植物），属于人与自然主题语境。常考写作任务：介绍一种神奇的动植物、呼吁保护动植物、描写动植物的特点与生存现状。 写作核心：准确使用动植物相关名词、描述特征的形容词；恰当运用一般现在时介绍生物习性；能简单说明动植物的作用，表达保护自然的观点。 写作体裁以说明文、议论文为主，词数多为80‑100词。 2. 写作框架 开头：总起，点明所要介绍的动植物，总述它十分神奇特别。 中间：分层描述它的外形、生活习性、独特本领，补充简单小细节。 结尾：抒发感悟，点明该生物的价值，呼吁保护动植物、爱护自然。 >逻辑句式参考： >开头：Our world is full of amazing plants and animals. I’d like to introduce ________ to you. >中间：It has special features. Besides, it lives in… and it can… >结尾：We should try our best to protect them and respect nature. 3. 写作素材 ✅核心单词 amazing adj.令人惊奇的 survive v.生存；存活 protect v.保护 value n.价值 rare adj.稀有的 natural adj.自然的 habitat n.栖息地 feature n.特征 danger n.危险 wild adj.野生的 wonder adj.奇妙的 feed v.喂养 ✅核心短语 1. live in 居住在；生长于 2. in danger 处于危险之中 3. try one’s best to do 尽某人最大努力做 4. play an important role in 在……起重要作用 5. take action 采取行动 6. because of 因为；由于 7. be home to 是……的家园 8. keep…safe 使……安全 ✅高分句型 1. Our world is filled with amazing plants and animals that surprise us a lot. 我们的世界充满了令我们惊叹的神奇动植物。 2. This kind of plant can survive in very dry conditions. 这种植物可以在非常干旱的环境下生存。 3. Many wild animals are in danger because their living areas are becoming smaller. 很多野生动物处境危险，因为它们的栖息地正在变小。 4. Plants and animals play an important role in keeping our world balanced. 动植物对于维持世界平衡发挥重要作用。 5. It’s high time that we took action to protect wildlife around us. 是我们采取行动保护身边野生动植物的时候了。 4. 范文背诵 题目：An amazing animal I like Our world is full of amazing plants and animals. I’d like to introduce pandas to you. Pandas are so lovely. They mainly live in bamboo forests and feed on fresh bamboo. They look fat with black‑and‑white fur. In the past, pandas were in great danger because of the loss of their habitats. Luckily, people take action to protect them. Animals play an important role in our world. We should try our best to keep them safe and respect nature. 一、用单词的正确形式填空（10 题） 1. This park is one of the ________ (lively) natural parks in our city. 2. It is our duty to take action for the ________ (important) of wildlife protection. 3. Can you imagine ________ (live) in a world without green plants? 4. The ________ (weigh) of this adult cheetah is more than 50 kilos. 5. Many animals feel ________ (disappoint) when their living areas become smaller. 6. Good ________ (communicate) between different species helps keep balance of nature. 7. This is ________ (popular) local plant among tourists in this area. 8. We should take ________ (act) to protect these rare plants from disappearing. 9. These two lakes are closely ________ (connect) to the whole river system. 10. The ________ (protect) of forests matters a lot to all living things. 二、单词拼写（15 题，根据汉语提示写单词） 1. Many ________ (蝴蝶) fly among the flowers in spring. 2. This kind of animal can ________ (贮存) lots of water in its body. 3. ________ (实际上), small insects play a great role in nature. 4. The area is ________ (栖息地) many kinds of wild birds. 5. Nothing can live on the earth ________ (没有) water and sunlight. 6. This kind of ________ (银杏) has lived on the earth for millions of years. 7. We should learn about the ________ (气候) of this wet land. 8. The ________ (海洋) offers home to thousands of sea creatures. 9. Please tell me the ________ (标题) of this report on ecosystem. 10. The ________ (吨) of waste should not be poured into the river. 11. Bees are responsible for the ________ (授粉) of most wild flowers. 12. This ________ (猎豹) can run at a very high speed. 13. ________ (除…… 之外) some small animals, all need fresh plants for food. 14. We can see green ________ (竹子) everywhere in this mountain area. 15. People feel ________ (幸福) when they get close to wild nature. 三、完成句子 1. 每个人都可以参与保护生态系统。 Everyone can ________________________ protecting the ecosystem. 2. 出于这个原因，我们需要采取行动保护濒危动植物。 ________________________, we need to take action to protect endangered plants and animals. 3. 这座大山是许多珍稀野生动物的栖息地。 This big mountain ________________________ many rare wild animals. 4. 很多植物与昆虫的活动有关联。 Many plants ________________________ insects’ activities. 5. 为了保护野生动物免受危险，我们要多植树。 We plant more trees ________________________ wild animals from danger. 6. 实际上，植物在自然界中发挥重要作用。 ________________________, plants ________________________ in nature. 7. 不要想象居住在没有任何动植物的世界。 Don’t imagine ________________________ a world without any plants or animals. 8. 这种新植物深受来自各地游客的欢迎。 This new plant ________________________ visitors from all over the world. 9. 我们应当学会和周围的小动物交流。 We should learn to ________________________ small animals around us. 10. 这个湿地公园符合人们对它的期待。 This wet‑land park ________________________ people’s expectations. 参考答案 一、词形填空：1.liveliest，2.importance，3.living，4.weight，5.disappointed，6.communication，7.the most popular，8.action，9.connected，10.protection 二、单词拼写：1.butterflies，2.store，3.In fact，4.home to，5.without，6.ginkgo，7.climate，8.ocean，9.title，10.tons，11.pollination，12.cheetah，13.Except，14.bamboo，15.happiness 三、完成句子：1.play a part in，2.For this reason，3.is home to，4.are connected with，5.in order to protect，6.In fact; play an important role，7.living in，8.is popular among，9.communicate with，10.lives up to 四、语法填空 （25-26八年级上·山东临沂·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you ever see elephants? Elephants are the 1 (large) animals on land. For 2 long time, they have been very helpful. They carry big trees and take people from place to place. Do you want to know about 3 (they)? Here I can tell you. Elephants have big ears. They make use of their ears to hear and show how they feel. Elephants also have long noses. We call them elephant trunks. The trunks are very useful “ 4 (tool)”. Elephants use them 5 (pick) up food and have showers. Elephants have very poor eyesight (视力). They usually can’t see a mouse even though one comes very close to them. Elephants live with their family. Usually, an adult female (成年雌性的) elephant is of great 6 (important) to the family. She plays a role in 7 (help) her family find food and water. Baby male (雄性的) elephants live with their mothers. When they are about 11 8 (year) old, they go to live with other males. At the age of 15, the male elephants begin to live by themselves. Elephants like to eat many kinds of plants. They eat grass, fruit and flowers. They eat a lot. 9 this reason, they can’t live in one place for very long. 10 (actual), they are always on the way to look for food. 【答案】 1．largest 2．a 3．them 4．tools 5．to pick 6．importance 7．helping 8．years 9．For 10．Actually 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了大象的体型、耳朵和鼻子的功能、家族结构以及饮食与迁徙原因。 1．句意：大象是陆地上最大的动物。large“大的”，形容词，根据空前定冠词the及范围状语“on land”可知，此处应使用形容词最高级，表示“陆地上最大的”。故填large的最高级形式largest。 2．句意：在很长一段时间里，它们非常有用。time在此处为不可数名词，for a long time 为固定搭配，表示“很长一段时间”，且long以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。 3．句意：你想了解它们吗？they“它们”，主格代词，介词about后需接人称代词宾格作宾语，故填they的宾格形式them。 4．句意：象鼻是非常有用的“工具”。tool“工具”，名词，根据语境，此处泛指“工具”这一类事物，且空前无冠词，故用可数名词复数形式表示类别，故填tools。 5．句意：大象用它们来拾起食物和洗澡。pick“捡起”，动词，use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“用某物做某事”，此处要用不定式表目的。故填不定式to pick。 6．句意：通常，一头成年雌性大象对家庭非常重要。important“重要的”，形容词，be of great importance为固定结构，相当于be very important，介词of后需接名词形式。故填important的名词形式importance，意为“重要性”。 7．句意：她在帮助家人找到食物和水方面发挥作用。help“帮助”，动词，play a role in...为固定搭配，意为“在……中发挥作用”，其中in为介词，后接动词时需用动名词形式。故填help的动名词形式helping。 8．句意：当它们大约11岁时，它们去和其他雄性一起生活。year“年”，名词，数词11后接可数名词复数，表示“11岁”。故填year的复数形式years。 9．句意：因为这个原因，它们不能在一个地方待很久。for this reason为固定搭配，表示“因为这个原因”，介词for表原因。句首首字母需大写。故填For。 10．句意：事实上，它们总是在寻找食物的路上。actual“事实上的”，形容词，此处修饰整个句子需使用副词作状语，故填actual的副词形式actually，句首首字母大写。故填Actually。 Passage 2 （25-26八年级上·湖南娄底·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you like elephants? Elephants are one of the 1 (big) mammals (哺乳动物) in the world. There are two kinds of elephants, the African elephants 2 the Asian elephants. The main 3 (different) between them is that the Asian one has much 4 (small) ears. The African elephant uses its bigger ears to cool down during the summer. The elephants use their 5 (foot) to feel the vibrations (震动) on the ground. One elephant has two tusks (长牙). They can be as long 6 2 metres. An adult elephant 7 (reach) 3 to 4 metres—It is many times taller than a baby one, and an adult elephant weighs about 5,000 kg . Adult elephants spend 15 to 18 hours a day 8 (eat) 250 to 300 kilos of food. Elephants can live up to about 70 years. 9 (they) eyesight (视力) is very poor, 10 we don’t need to be sad about them. The elephant has the biggest brain among the mammals on land. 【答案】 1．biggest 2．and 3．difference 4．smaller 5．feet 6．as 7．reaches 8．eating 9．Their 10．but 【导语】本文主要介绍大象是世界最大哺乳动物之一，区分非洲象与亚洲象外形差异，讲解大象身体特征、体型食量、寿命与感官特点。 1．句意：大象是世界上体型最大的哺乳动物之一。one of后接形容词最高级。 2．句意：大象分为两类：非洲象和亚洲象。并列两种事物，填并列连词and。 3．句意：它们最主要的区别是亚洲象的耳朵小得多。形容词different转换名词作主语，且“is”提示名词填单数difference。 4．句意：它们最主要的区别是亚洲象的耳朵小得多。much修饰形容词比较级。 5．句意：大象用脚感知地面的震动。“The elephants”是复数，所以可数名词foot变复数feet。 6．句意：它们的长牙能长达两米。固定搭配as long as表示“和……一样长”。 7．句意：成年大象身高可达3至4米，比幼象高出许多倍。主语“An adult elephant”（单数），全文一般现在时，谓语动词使用第三人称单数。 8．句意：成年大象每天要花15到8小时进食250至300公斤食物。固定搭配spend…(in) doing sth.。 9．句意：它们的视力很差，但我们不必为此感到惋惜。人称代词they转换形容词性物主代词修饰名词eyesight。 10．句意：它们的视力很差，但我们不必为此感到惋惜。前句视力差，后句不用难过，语义转折，转折连词but表对比。 五、选词填空 Passage 1 （25-26八年级上·广西贵港·期中）根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。 were  idea  favourite  see  go  gift  fan  because  they  high Three years ago, Charlotte from Chorley, in the UK, bought two ducks to live in her garden. They were a 1 for her family, but they didn’t know what to call them. One day, her son said, “Why don’t we call them Ham and Pea?” Everyone liked the 2 . Soon, the ducks were part of the family, and loved watching TV with Charlotte and her three boys. One of their 3 activities was chasing the rubbish truck every Tuesday. They 4 also happy to join Charlotte when she walked with her kids to school. Ham and Pea are very well known in Charlotte’s town. This is 5 they often leave her garden. “The first time they did that,” Charlotte says, “I just couldn’t believe it. I have a 6 wall. They aren’t very big and can’t fly.” The first time the ducks went out, a neighbour 7 them in his garden and brought them home. “In Chorley, people love them,” says Charlotte. I 8 to the shops, and people say, “Oh, there’s Ham and Pea.” Charlotte shares videos of her ducks with their online 9 and says, “People everywhere want to see my latest videos of them. People say that Ham and Pea make 10 smile.” 【答案】 1．gift 2．idea 3．favourite 4．were 5．because 6．high 7．saw 8．go 9．fans 10．them 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述英国女士Charlotte饲养两只鸭子Ham和Pea的趣味故事。 1．句意：它们是送给她家的一份礼物，但一家人不知道该给它们取什么名字。此处语境表示两只鸭子是送给家人的礼物，不定冠词a后接单数可数名词，方框内gift意为“礼物”，符合语境。 2．句意：所有人都很喜欢这个提议。此处指代上文儿子提出的命名建议，the后接单数名词，方框中idea表示“主意、想法”符合语境。 3．句意：它们最喜欢的活动之一就是每周二追垃圾车。此处表示最喜欢的活动，修饰名词activities需用形容词，方框中favourite意为“最喜欢的”符合语境，one of their favourite activities是固定表达。 4．句意：当Charlotte带着孩子们步行去上学时，它们也很开心跟着一起。全文整体为一般过去时，主语They，搭配be动词复数过去式were。 5．句意：Ham和Pea在小镇上十分出名，这是因为它们经常跑出花园。根据前后文可知此处表示因果关系，固定句型This is because…，意为“这是因为……”，用来解释前句事情发生的原因。 6．句意：我有一堵高高的围墙。此处语境表示墙很高鸭子才出不去，修饰名词wall要用形容词，high表示“高的”，high wall“高墙”。 7．句意：鸭子第一次跑出去时，一位邻居在自家花园看见了它们，然后把它们送回了家。根据上下文went和brought，可知此处为一般过去时，see“看见”，其过去式形式为saw。 8．句意：我出门去商店时，人们都会说：“看，Ham和Pea在这儿。” 。主语为I，此处描述现在的常规情况（人们认识鸭子），用一般现在时，go to the shops“去商店”，此处用动词原形go。 9．句意：Charlotte把鸭子的视频分享给线上粉丝。fan“粉丝”，根据下文“People everywhere”可知粉丝不止一个，此处表众多粉丝，需要变为复数fans。 10．句意：人们都说Ham和Pea让他们开怀大笑。make sb. do sth.是固定搭配，动词make后用人称代词宾格作宾语，they的宾格形式是them。 Passage 2 （25-26八年级上·陕西咸阳·期中）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。） much    protect    because    sea    easy    catch    animal    safe    they    appear Do you know why different animals or insects have their own colours? This is because they use different colours to keep 1 Some birds feed on insects, but it’s not easy for them to 2 locusts (蝗虫). Why? This is because locusts change 3 colours to match (与……一致) the food plants. When food plants are green, locusts can 4 green. When the plants turn brown, locusts also turn brown. Some other insects have to come out only at night. It is because they have different colours from plants, and birds can find them 5 and eat them. If you study animal life, you’ll find that the 6 important use of colour is for protection (保护). Tigers, lions and other 7 quietly move through forests. The small animals cannot find them 8 they have the colours much like those of the trees and grass. In the sea, there’s a kind of fish with a soft body. It is not strong at all, but it can send out black liquid (液体) when it faces danger. The liquid 9 the fish from its hunters, giving it a chance (机会) to swim away quickly. That’s why we can still see it in the 10 . 【答案】 1．safe 2．catch 3．their 4．appear 5．easily 6．most 7．animals 8．because 9．protects 10．sea 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍动物和昆虫如何利用颜色进行自我保护，以及蝗虫变色、老虎狮子伪装、海洋软体鱼释放黑色液体等具体案例，说明颜色在自然界中的保护作用。 1．句意：这是因为它们使用不同的颜色来保护自己的安全。此处表示利用颜色保护自己，keep safe为固定搭配，意为“保持安全”，符合语境。 2．句意：有些鸟以昆虫为食，但它们很难捉到蝗虫。后文解释蝗虫变色导致鸟类不容易抓住它们，catch“捕捉”符合语义，空前的to是不定式符号，后接动词原形。 3．句意：这是因为蝗虫会改变它们的颜色，使其与食物植物的颜色一致。空格后为名词colours，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，指代“蝗虫的”，they的形容词性物主代词为their。 4．句意：当植物为绿色时，蝗虫会呈现绿色。情态动词can后接动词原形，appear意为“呈现、显得”，描述蝗虫随环境变色，符合语境。 5．句意：鸟类很容易发现它们并吃掉它们。空格修饰动词find，需用副词easily“容易地”，表示因颜色不匹配，鸟类可轻易发现昆虫。 6．句意：如果你研究动物生活，你会发现颜色最重要的用途是用于保护。空格前有定冠词the，空格后为形容词important，空格处应填most，构成形容词最高级the most important。 7．句意：老虎、狮子和其他动物静静地穿过森林。前文列举的“Tigers, lions”都属于动物，other后接复数名词，空格处应填animal“动物”的复数形式animals。 8．句意：小动物无法发现它们，因为它们具有与树木和草相似的颜色。空格前后构成因果关系，后句说明小动物无法发现捕食者的原因，需用连词because引导原因状语从句。 9．句意：这种液体保护鱼免受捕食者的攻击。短语protect...from...表示“保护……免受……”，主语The liquid为第三人称单数，动词protect需变成第三人称单数形式protects。 10．句意：这就是为什么我们仍然能在海洋中看到它。前文提到这种生物生活在海中，in the sea意为“在海洋里”，与前文呼应。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $