Unit 4 My Favourite Subject（重点词汇精讲精练）2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过表格系统梳理核心词汇，涵盖音标、词性、搭配及例句，部分词汇附词形变化、辨析与拓展，构建“词汇-语境-应用”的知识脉络，清晰呈现单元重难点及内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，从汉译英、单词拼写等基础巩固，到语法填空、阅读理解等综合应用，如“语法填空”通过短文语境强化词汇运用，“词汇归类”按词性梳理培养语言能力，助力不同层次学生提升，为教师精准教学提供支持。

Unit 4 My Favourite Subject · 原卷版 人教版 七年级上册 · 重点词汇精讲精练 ▍ 重点词汇精讲（音标 · 词性 · 搭配 · 例句） 下列为本单元最核心、最易错的词汇，附音标、词性、搭配与例句，部分词设有词形表、辨析或拓展。先理解，再去做后面的精练。 subject /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/ n. 学科；科目 搭配：favourite subject 最喜欢的科目；school subjects 学校科目 例句：My favourite subject is English. 我最喜欢的科目是英语。 maths /mæθs/ n. 数学 搭配：have maths 上数学课；like maths 喜欢数学 例句：We have maths on Monday. 我们星期一上数学课。 history /ˈhɪstri/ n. 历史；历史课 搭配：learn history 学历史；history class 历史课 例句：I like history because it is interesting. 我喜欢历史，因为它有趣。 geography /dʒiˈɒɡrəfi/ n. 地理（学） 搭配：like geography 喜欢地理；geography class 地理课 例句：I want to learn geography well. 我想学好地理。 biology /baɪˈɒlədʒi/ n. 生物（学） 搭配：biology class 生物课；study biology 学生物 例句：We have biology on Tuesday. 我们星期二上生物课。 physics /ˈfɪzɪks/ n. 物理（学） 搭配：physics class 物理课；learn physics 学物理 例句：Physics is difficult but useful. 物理很难但很有用。 favourite /ˈfeɪvərɪt/ adj. 最喜欢的 搭配：favourite subject 最喜欢的科目；favourite teacher 最喜欢的老师 例句：English is my favourite subject. 英语是我最喜欢的科目。 interesting /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/ adj. 有趣的 搭配：interesting book 有趣的书；very interesting 非常有趣 例句：This book is very interesting. 这本书非常有趣。 辨析：interesting 与 interested 都来自动词 interest。interesting（-ing）修饰“事物”，意为“令人感兴趣的”；interested（-ed）修饰“人”，意为“感到感兴趣的”。如：This book is interesting. 这本书很有趣。/ I am interested in it. 我对它感兴趣。 difficult /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ adj. 困难的 形式 单词 / 说明 原级 difficult 比较级 more difficult 最高级 most difficult 搭配：difficult for me 对我而言困难；a difficult subject 一门难学的科目 例句：Maths is difficult, but I study hard. 数学很难，但我努力学习。 useful /ˈjuːsfl/ adj. 有用的；有益的 搭配：very useful 非常有用；useful subject 有用的科目 例句：I think art is useful. 我觉得美术很有用。 拓展：useful 由 use（使用）+ 形容词后缀 -ful 构成，意为“有用的”。常用 be useful for（对……有用）或 be useful to sb.（对某人有用）。如：I think art is useful. 我觉得美术很有用。 learn /lɜːn/ v. 学习；学会 形式 单词 / 说明 原形 learn 过去式 learnt / learned 过去分词 learnt / learned 搭配：learn English 学英语；learn a lot 学到很多 例句：I want to learn English well. 我想学好英语。 understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ v. 理解；懂 形式 单词 / 说明 原形 understand 过去式 understood 过去分词 understood 搭配：understand the teacher 听懂老师（的话）；understand sb. 理解某人 例句：Can you understand this sentence? 你能理解这个句子吗？ boring /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ adj. 无聊的；令人生厌的 搭配：boring class 无聊的课；very boring 非常无聊 例句：The class is boring. I don't like it. 这节课很无聊，我不喜欢。 辨析：boring 与 bored 同理：boring（-ing）修饰事物，意为“无聊的、令人厌烦的”；bored（-ed）修饰人，意为“感到无聊的”。如：The class is boring. 这节课很无聊。/ I am bored. 我感到无聊。 be good at /bi ɡʊd æt/ phr. 擅长…… 搭配：be good at English 擅长英语；be good at swimming 擅长游泳 例句：I am good at music. 我擅长音乐。 拓展：be good at 意为“擅长……”，at 是介词，后接名词、代词或动词 -ing 形式。如：I am good at swimming. 我擅长游泳。 ▍ 一、汉译英 根据中文释义写出对应的英文单词或短语。 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 单词 单词 单词 n. 学科；科目 n. 数学 n. 英语；adj. 英语的 n. 语文；汉语；adj. 汉语的 n. 历史；历史课 n. 地理（学） n. 生物（学） n. 物理（学） abbr. 体育（课） n. 艺术；美术 n. 音乐 abbr. 信息技术 n. 星期一 n. 星期二 n. 星期三 n. 星期四 n. 星期五 adv. 为什么 conj. 因为 adj. 最喜欢的 adj. 有趣的 adj. 困难的 adj. 有用的；有益的 v. 学习；学会 v. 理解；懂 adj. 无聊的；令人生厌的 n. 教师 短语 擅长…… 短语 与……交谈 ▍ 二、词汇拓展（写出派生与变形） 根据括号内提示，写出下列单词的派生词或变形形式。 1. interesting → ______ → ______ 2. difficult → ______ → ______ 3. useful → ______ → ______ 4. teacher → ______ → ______ 5. understand → ______ → ______ 6. boring → ______ → ______ ▍ 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. My favourite ______ is English.（subject） 2. We have ______ on Monday.（maths） 3. I like ______ because it is interesting.（history） 4. ______ do you like music?（why） 5. I like PE ______ it is fun.（because） 6. ______ is the first day of the school week.（Monday） 7. Our ______ teacher is very kind.（English） 8. Maths is ______ for me, but I still learn it.（difficult） 9. This book is very ______. I like reading it.（interesting） 10. I want to ______ English well.（learn） 11. Can you ______ this sentence?（understand） 12. The class is ______. I don't like it.（boring） ▍ 四、单词拼写 根据括号内的中文提示写出正确的英文单词。 1. 学科 su__ect 2. 数学 m__hs 3. 历史 hi__ory 4. 地理 geo___phy 5. 生物 bi__ogy 6. 物理 ph__ics 7. 体育 __ 8. 音乐 m__ic 9. 信息技术 __ 10. 星期三 Wed___day 11. 为什么 __y 12. 因为 be__use 13. 最喜欢的 fav___ite 14. 有用的 us__ul 15. 教师 te__her ▍ 五、完成句子 根据括号内的中文提示完成句子，每空一词。 1. 你最喜欢的科目是什么？What's your ______ subject? 2. 我喜欢英语因为它有趣。I like English ______ it is interesting. 3. 为什么你喜欢美术？______ do you like art? 4. 数学很难，但我努力学习。Maths is ______, but I study hard. 5. 我想学好地理。I want to ______ geography well. 6. 星期二我们有生物课。We have biology on ______. 7. 这位老师很友好。This ______ is very friendly. 8. 音乐课令人放松。The music class is ______. ▍ 六、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A: My Favourite Subject Hello! I am Lucy. My favourite ______ (subject) is English. I have English on ______ (Monday) and ______ (Wednesday). English is ______ (interest) — I think it is interesting. Our English ______ (teach) is very nice. I can ______ (learn) a lot. I ______ (understand) my teacher well. We are good ______ (friend). B: Why I Like Art I like ______ (art) best. Why? Because it is ______ (interest). I have art on ______ (Friday). My art ______ (teach) says art is ______ (use). I can ______ (draw) and ______ (paint). Art class is never ______ (bore) — it is fun! I ______ (learn) to see beauty in life. ▍ 七、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空一词，每词限用一次。 favourite because difficult understand Monday teacher learn subject maths art A: A Talk About Subjects Hello! My ______ (1) subject is maths. I like it ______ (2) it is useful. Maths is a little ______ (3), but I can ______ (4) it with my teacher's help. We have maths on ______ (5). My maths ______ (6) is kind. I ______ (7) a lot from her. What is your favourite ______ (8)? ▍ 八、阅读理解 A: Tom's Favourite Subject Tom is a student in Grade 7. His favourite subject is history. He has history on Tuesday and Thursday. He likes it because the teacher, Mr. Brown, is very interesting. Tom thinks maths is difficult, but he studies hard. On Friday he has music class and he sings songs. Tom learns a lot every day. 1. What is Tom's favourite subject? A. Maths B. History C. Music D. Art 2. When does Tom have history? A. Monday B. Tuesday and Thursday C. Friday D. Wednesday 3. Why does Tom like history? A. It is easy. B. The teacher is interesting. C. He can sing. D. It is on Friday. 4. What does Tom think of maths? A. Interesting B. Easy C. Difficult D. Useful B: Lucy Loves Art Lucy is a middle school student. She likes art best. She has art on Monday afternoon. Her art teacher is Miss Green. Lucy thinks art is useful because she can draw and paint. She doesn't like geography because it is boring. On Wednesday she has English and she learns to speak English well. 1. What subject does Lucy like best? A. Geography B. English C. Art D. Maths 2. When does Lucy have art? A. Monday afternoon B. Wednesday C. Friday D. Thursday 3. Why does Lucy think art is useful? A. She can draw and paint. B. The teacher is kind. C. It is easy. D. She can sing. 4. Why doesn't Lucy like geography? A. It is difficult. B. It is boring. C. The teacher is strict. D. She can't understand it. ▍ 九、词汇归类（按词性填入表格） 词库：subject maths English Chinese history geography biology physics PE art music IT Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday why because favourite interesting difficult useful learn understand boring teacher be good at talk with 请将上面词库中的单词按词性分类，填入下表的对应横线处。 词性 单词归类 名词 n. ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ 动词 v. ______ ______ 形容词 adj. ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ 副词 adv. ______ 连词 conj. ______ 短语/搭配 phr. ______ ______ ______ ______ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 My Favourite Subject · 解析版 人教版 七年级上册 · 重点词汇精讲精练 ▍ 重点词汇精讲（音标 · 词性 · 搭配 · 例句） 下列为本单元最核心、最易错的词汇，附音标、词性、搭配与例句，部分词设有词形表、辨析或拓展。先理解，再去做后面的精练。 subject /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/ n. 学科；科目 搭配：favourite subject 最喜欢的科目；school subjects 学校科目 例句：My favourite subject is English. 我最喜欢的科目是英语。 maths /mæθs/ n. 数学 搭配：have maths 上数学课；like maths 喜欢数学 例句：We have maths on Monday. 我们星期一上数学课。 history /ˈhɪstri/ n. 历史；历史课 搭配：learn history 学历史；history class 历史课 例句：I like history because it is interesting. 我喜欢历史，因为它有趣。 geography /dʒiˈɒɡrəfi/ n. 地理（学） 搭配：like geography 喜欢地理；geography class 地理课 例句：I want to learn geography well. 我想学好地理。 biology /baɪˈɒlədʒi/ n. 生物（学） 搭配：biology class 生物课；study biology 学生物 例句：We have biology on Tuesday. 我们星期二上生物课。 physics /ˈfɪzɪks/ n. 物理（学） 搭配：physics class 物理课；learn physics 学物理 例句：Physics is difficult but useful. 物理很难但很有用。 favourite /ˈfeɪvərɪt/ adj. 最喜欢的 搭配：favourite subject 最喜欢的科目；favourite teacher 最喜欢的老师 例句：English is my favourite subject. 英语是我最喜欢的科目。 interesting /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/ adj. 有趣的 搭配：interesting book 有趣的书；very interesting 非常有趣 例句：This book is very interesting. 这本书非常有趣。 辨析：interesting 与 interested 都来自动词 interest。interesting（-ing）修饰“事物”，意为“令人感兴趣的”；interested（-ed）修饰“人”，意为“感到感兴趣的”。如：This book is interesting. 这本书很有趣。/ I am interested in it. 我对它感兴趣。 difficult /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ adj. 困难的 形式 单词 / 说明 原级 difficult 比较级 more difficult 最高级 most difficult 搭配：difficult for me 对我而言困难；a difficult subject 一门难学的科目 例句：Maths is difficult, but I study hard. 数学很难，但我努力学习。 useful /ˈjuːsfl/ adj. 有用的；有益的 搭配：very useful 非常有用；useful subject 有用的科目 例句：I think art is useful. 我觉得美术很有用。 拓展：useful 由 use（使用）+ 形容词后缀 -ful 构成，意为“有用的”。常用 be useful for（对……有用）或 be useful to sb.（对某人有用）。如：I think art is useful. 我觉得美术很有用。 learn /lɜːn/ v. 学习；学会 形式 单词 / 说明 原形 learn 过去式 learnt / learned 过去分词 learnt / learned 搭配：learn English 学英语；learn a lot 学到很多 例句：I want to learn English well. 我想学好英语。 understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ v. 理解；懂 形式 单词 / 说明 原形 understand 过去式 understood 过去分词 understood 搭配：understand the teacher 听懂老师（的话）；understand sb. 理解某人 例句：Can you understand this sentence? 你能理解这个句子吗？ boring /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ adj. 无聊的；令人生厌的 搭配：boring class 无聊的课；very boring 非常无聊 例句：The class is boring. I don't like it. 这节课很无聊，我不喜欢。 辨析：boring 与 bored 同理：boring（-ing）修饰事物，意为“无聊的、令人厌烦的”；bored（-ed）修饰人，意为“感到无聊的”。如：The class is boring. 这节课很无聊。/ I am bored. 我感到无聊。 be good at /bi ɡʊd æt/ phr. 擅长…… 搭配：be good at English 擅长英语；be good at swimming 擅长游泳 例句：I am good at music. 我擅长音乐。 拓展：be good at 意为“擅长……”，at 是介词，后接名词、代词或动词 -ing 形式。如：I am good at swimming. 我擅长游泳。 ▍ 一、汉译英 根据中文释义写出对应的英文单词或短语。 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 单词 单词 单词 subject n. 学科；科目 maths n. 数学 English n. 英语；adj. 英语的 Chinese n. 语文；汉语；adj. 汉语的 history n. 历史；历史课 geography n. 地理（学） biology n. 生物（学） physics n. 物理（学） PE abbr. 体育（课） art n. 艺术；美术 music n. 音乐 IT abbr. 信息技术 Monday n. 星期一 Tuesday n. 星期二 Wednesday n. 星期三 Thursday n. 星期四 Friday n. 星期五 why adv. 为什么 because conj. 因为 favourite adj. 最喜欢的 interesting adj. 有趣的 difficult adj. 困难的 useful adj. 有用的；有益的 learn v. 学习；学会 understand v. 理解；懂 boring adj. 无聊的；令人生厌的 teacher n. 教师 be good at 短语 擅长…… talk with 短语 与……交谈 ▍ 二、词汇拓展（写出派生与变形） 根据括号内提示，写出下列单词的派生词或变形形式。 1. interesting → interest (n./v. 兴趣；使感兴趣) → interested (adj. 感兴趣的) 2. difficult → difficulty (n. 困难) → difficulties (复数) 3. useful → use (n./v. 使用) → useless (adj. 无用的) 4. teacher → teach (v. 教) → taught (过去式) 5. understand → understanding (n./adj. 理解；善解人意的) → understood (过去式) 6. boring → bore (v. 使厌烦) → bored (adj. 感到无聊的) ▍ 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. My favourite ______ is English.（subject） 2. We have ______ on Monday.（maths） 3. I like ______ because it is interesting.（history） 4. ______ do you like music?（why） 5. I like PE ______ it is fun.（because） 6. ______ is the first day of the school week.（Monday） 7. Our ______ teacher is very kind.（English） 8. Maths is ______ for me, but I still learn it.（difficult） 9. This book is very ______. I like reading it.（interesting） 10. I want to ______ English well.（learn） 11. Can you ______ this sentence?（understand） 12. The class is ______. I don't like it.（boring） 【答案】 1. subject；2. maths；3. history；4. Why；5. because；6. Monday；7. English；8. difficult；9. interesting；10. learn；11. understand；12. boring ▍ 四、单词拼写 根据括号内的中文提示写出正确的英文单词。 1. bj（学科 su__ect） 2. at（数学 m__hs） 3. st（历史 hi__ory） 4. gra（地理 geo___phy） 5. ol（生物 bi__ogy） 6. ys（物理 ph__ics） 7. PE（体育 __） 8. us（音乐 m__ic） 9. IT（信息技术 __） 10. nes（星期三 Wed___day） 11. wh（为什么 __y） 12. ca（因为 be__use） 13. our（最喜欢的 fav___ite） 14. ef（有用的 us__ul） 15. ac（教师 te__her） 【答案】 1. bj；2. at；3. st；4. gra；5. ol；6. ys；7. PE；8. us；9. IT；10. nes；11. wh；12. ca；13. our；14. ef；15. ac ▍ 五、完成句子 根据括号内的中文提示完成句子，每空一词。 1. 你最喜欢的科目是什么？What's your ______ subject?（favourite）（形容词） 2. 我喜欢英语因为它有趣。I like English ______ it is interesting.（because）（连词） 3. 为什么你喜欢美术？______ do you like art?（Why）（疑问词） 4. 数学很难，但我努力学习。Maths is ______, but I study hard.（difficult）（形容词） 5. 我想学好地理。I want to ______ geography well.（learn）（动词） 6. 星期二我们有生物课。We have biology on ______.（Tuesday）（星期） 7. 这位老师很友好。This ______ is very friendly.（teacher）（名词） 8. 音乐课令人放松。The music class is ______.（interesting）（形容词） 【答案】 1. favourite；2. because；3. Why；4. difficult；5. learn；6. Tuesday；7. teacher；8. interesting ▍ 六、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A: My Favourite Subject Hello! I am Lucy. My favourite ______ (subject) is English. I have English on ______ (Monday) and ______ (Wednesday). English is ______ (interest) — I think it is interesting. Our English ______ (teach) is very nice. I can ______ (learn) a lot. I ______ (understand) my teacher well. We are good ______ (friend). 【答案】 1. subject；2. Monday；3. Wednesday；4. interesting；5. teacher；6. learn；7. understand；8. friends 💡 本文考查学科、星期与人物类词汇，注意 interested/interesting 与 teach→teacher、friend→friends 的词形变化。 B: Why I Like Art I like ______ (art) best. Why? Because it is ______ (interest). I have art on ______ (Friday). My art ______ (teach) says art is ______ (use). I can ______ (draw) and ______ (paint). Art class is never ______ (bore) — it is fun! I ______ (learn) to see beauty in life. 【答案】 1. art；2. interesting；3. Friday；4. teacher；5. useful；6. draw；7. paint；8. boring；9. learn 💡 本文综合考查美术课相关词汇，注意 use→useful、bore→boring 的派生，以及 draw/paint 等美术活动动词。 ▍ 七、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空一词，每词限用一次。 favourite because difficult understand Monday teacher learn subject maths art A: A Talk About Subjects Hello! My ______ (1) subject is maths. I like it ______ (2) it is useful. Maths is a little ______ (3), but I can ______ (4) it with my teacher's help. We have maths on ______ (5). My maths ______ (6) is kind. I ______ (7) a lot from her. What is your favourite ______ (8)? 【答案】 1. favourite；2. because；3. difficult；4. understand；5. Monday；6. teacher；7. learn；8. subject 💡 本文考查学科喜好与原因表达，注意 because 引导原因状语从句，以及 understand/learn 等动词的用法。 ▍ 八、阅读理解 A: Tom's Favourite Subject Tom is a student in Grade 7. His favourite subject is history. He has history on Tuesday and Thursday. He likes it because the teacher, Mr. Brown, is very interesting. Tom thinks maths is difficult, but he studies hard. On Friday he has music class and he sings songs. Tom learns a lot every day. 1. What is Tom's favourite subject? A. Maths B. History C. Music D. Art 2. When does Tom have history? A. Monday B. Tuesday and Thursday C. Friday D. Wednesday 3. Why does Tom like history? A. It is easy. B. The teacher is interesting. C. He can sing. D. It is on Friday. 4. What does Tom think of maths? A. Interesting B. Easy C. Difficult D. Useful 【答案】 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 💡 注意从文中提取最喜欢的科目、上课时间、喜欢的原因及对数学的看法，定位 history, Tuesday and Thursday, interesting, difficult 等关键词。 B: Lucy Loves Art Lucy is a middle school student. She likes art best. She has art on Monday afternoon. Her art teacher is Miss Green. Lucy thinks art is useful because she can draw and paint. She doesn't like geography because it is boring. On Wednesday she has English and she learns to speak English well. 1. What subject does Lucy like best? A. Geography B. English C. Art D. Maths 2. When does Lucy have art? A. Monday afternoon B. Wednesday C. Friday D. Thursday 3. Why does Lucy think art is useful? A. She can draw and paint. B. The teacher is kind. C. It is easy. D. She can sing. 4. Why doesn't Lucy like geography? A. It is difficult. B. It is boring. C. The teacher is strict. D. She can't understand it. 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. A 4. B 💡 注意人物与学科喜好关系，定位 art best, Monday afternoon, draw and paint, boring 等关键信息。 ▍ 九、词汇归类（按词性填入表格） 词库：subject maths English Chinese history geography biology physics PE art music IT Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday why because favourite interesting difficult useful learn understand boring teacher be good at talk with 请将上面词库中的单词按词性分类，填入下表的对应横线处。 词性 单词归类 名词 n. subject maths English Chinese history geography biology physics art music Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday teacher 动词 v. learn understand 形容词 adj. favourite interesting difficult useful boring 副词 adv. why 连词 conj. because 短语/搭配 phr. PE IT be good at talk with 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $