Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Using Language(Word教参)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版)

本高中英语讲义围绕“探索伟大的意义”与“介绍敬佩之人”核心主题，构建“话题词汇-听力输入-课文研读-语言运用”学习支架。先通过职业规划相关话题词汇与听力二次开发（含测试及填空）积累素材，再以爱因斯坦传记课文为载体，系统梳理语块、熟词生义及独立主格结构等重点句型，形成听说读写能力培养脉络。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如听力填空通过对话语境强化信息获取与表达，课文分析中“courageous and kind”等表达及暗喻手法赏析提升语言运用与逻辑思维。分层课时作业（基础与能力练）兼顾课中教学辅助与课后查漏补缺，助力学生巩固知识并提升自主学习能力。

Section Ⅲ　Using Language Part Ⅰ　Explore the meaning of greatness Ⅰ．话题词汇 1.a career－planning project 一个职业规划项目 2.long story short 长话短说 3.this line of work 这个行业 4.perform liver operations 做肝脏手术 5.into his 90s 一直到他90多岁 6.role models 榜样 7.the founder of modern nursing 现代护理的创始人 8.their amazing work 他们令人惊叹的工作 9.lose interest 失去兴趣 Ⅱ．话题佳句 1.He was born in a rich family． 他出生于一个富裕的家庭。 2.He’s very popular with young people． 他在年轻人中很受欢迎。 3.He is generous and devoted to helping others． 他很慷慨，热衷于帮助别人。 4.His father is a lawyer and his mother is a teacher． 他爸爸是一名律师，妈妈是一名教师。 5.His dedication to work and to people is admirable， which truly inspires me to become a person like him in the future． 他对工作和对人民的奉献令人钦佩，这真正激励着我将来成为一个像他一样的人。 Ⅲ．教材听力二次开发 （一）听力测试 Listen to the conversation in the textbook and choose the best answers to the following questions． 1.What’s the relationship between Anna and Wang Le？（　　） A．Classmates． B．Colleagues．　 C．Relatives． 2.Why did Dr Wang want to be a doctor？（　　） A．To get high salaries． B．To help people selflessly． C．To set a good example to others． 3.Who is Wang Le’s role model？（　　） A．Tu Youyou． B．Alexander Fleming． C．Florence Nightingale． 答案：1－3　ABA （二）听力填空 Listen to the conversation in the textbook again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear． Dr Wang： Hi， Anna! Please come in． Anna Smith：Hi， Dr Wang! Long time no see! Dr Wang：Yes， so you’re here to see Wang Le？ Anna Smith：Yes， we’re doing 1.a career－planning project together． Wang Le：Hi， Anna! Dr Wang：So I’ll leave you two alone ．．． Anna Smith：Please don’t go， Dr Wang．Actually， we 2.were planning to interview you．Do you have time now？ Dr Wang：Me？ Wang Le：Yes， Dad．We want to know what made you 3.choose your career as a doctor． Dr Wang：That’s a good question．Well， long story short， I’ve always wanted to do great things and help people， which might explain 4.why I entered this line of work． Anna Smith：So were there any people who influenced you？ Dr Wang：Oh， for sure．I would say people like Dr Zhong Nanshan， who managed the SARS outbreak back in 2003， and Dr Wu Mengchao， who 5.performed liver operations well into his 90s． Anna Smith：So they were like your role models？ Dr Wang：Yes， exactly．I admired them because I 6.saw the greatness in them．You two must have role models too， right？ Wang Le：Yes， that’s right．One of mine is Tu Youyou， whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin．I really admire people like her． Anna Smith：My personal heroes are Alexander Fleming， who discovered penicillin， and Florence Nightingale， the founder of modern nursing．Countless lives were saved 7.due to their amazing work． Dr Wang：Those are certainly some great people．I admire them too． Anna Smith：So， Dr Wang， what advice do you have for us， the younger generation？ Dr Wang：I think when you are young， it is very important to find out 8.what really interests you．Also， never lose interest in it when it seems a bit too hard for you． Anna Smith：Thanks， Dr Wang， that’s really good advice! Successful people always push themselves to do difficult things． Dr Wang：That’s right， Anna．They challenge themselves to 9.solve difficult problems．It helps them reach their goals and achieve great things． Anna Smith：Yes， exactly! Thank you very much for your time， Dr Wang．You’ve been so helpful! Wang Le：And by the way， if we’re talking about people who do good things and inspire people — for me， it’s you， Dad ．．． Part Ⅱ　Introduce someone you admire THE MAN WHO CHANGED OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE 　　Albert Einstein， who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics， is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived． ［1］He made numerous contributions to① the world， the most well－known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.［2］Einstein was not only a genius； he was a courageous and kind figure② loved by many people． 　　【释疑难】　句［1］中the most well－known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2是独立主格结构：名词短语＋动词－ing形式，在句中作同位语。 　　This gentle genius was born in Germany on 14 March 1879. When he was 16， he tried to enter university in Switzerland， but failed due to③ his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam④， despite obtaining exceptional scores⑤ in maths and physics． After studying for another year， he managed to pass the exam， entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900. 　　After two years of looking for work as a teacher， Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office． ［3］While working there， out of a strong passion for knowledge⑥， he continued to study， earning a doctorate in⑦ physics in 1905. That same year， which was later recorded as a miracle year⑧ in science， he published four extraordinary physics papers． ［4］Following this， he gradually became famous throughout the world⑨ as the new Isaac Newton． After four years， he was able to quit his job⑩ at the patent office and enter research full－time at a university． In 1922， he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect． 　　【释疑难】　句［3］含有While引导的状语从句的省略句。在该句中副词短语out of a strong passion for knowledge作原因状语，动词－ing短语earning a doctorate ．．．作结果状语。 　　Circumstances changed in 1933， when Hitler came to power⑪ in Germany． Einstein， who was Jewish， found the doors of academic institution closed to him． As a consequence⑫， he had to flee Germany． After spending time in Europe， he finally took up a position⑬ as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton， USA． Following that， he continued to make great achievements in⑭ physics and mathematics． 　　To the public， he was seen as a slightly odd－looking but kind and funny man． ［5］He had a thick moustache⑮ and long white hair， which sometimes stood on end⑯ as though he had just received an electric shock⑰． Although he was a genius， he sometimes forgot things， like his friends’ birthdays． But despite his peculiarities， he was loved by his friends and neighbours． ［6］There is even a story about how he helped a little girl who knocked on his door and asked for help⑱ with her homework． In fact， Einstein often encountered people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things． After many such occasions， he finally started saying，“Pardon me! Sorry! Always I am mistaken for⑲ Professor Einstein!” 　　【释疑难】　句［6］中how引导宾语从句，从句中又包括一个who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a little girl。 　　［7］On 18 April 1955， it was reported that Einstein had passed away⑳， and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist． 语块积累 ①为……作出许多贡献 ②一个勇敢而善良的人 ③由于 ④入学考试 ⑤获得优异的成绩 ⑥出于对知识的强烈热情 ⑦获得……博士学位 ⑧奇迹年 ⑨遍及全世界 ⑩辞去工作 ⑪（开始）掌权 ⑫因此 ⑬担任，任职 ⑭在……方面取得重大成就 ⑮胡须浓密 ⑯（头发）竖立，竖起 ⑰一次电击 ⑱请求帮助 ⑲被误认为是 ⑳去世 熟词生义： brilliant （Para.6） 熟义：adj．灿烂的，明亮的 文中义：adj．才华横溢的，杰出的 句［2］中的courageous and kind，从“一刚一柔”不同维度塑造爱因斯坦的人格魅力，形象更丰满、更有温度。 句［4］运用暗喻与类比，以牛顿为参照，凸显爱因斯坦的卓越成就。 句［5］运用夸张与比喻，生动刻画头发直立蓬松、凌乱的状态，画面感突出，视觉印象鲜明。 句［7］中用passed away 替代 died，表达对爱因斯坦的敬重与惋惜，与全球哀悼的情感基调契合。 参考译文 改变我们对宇宙认知的人 　　阿尔伯特•爱因斯坦——这位或许是现代物理学领域最伟大的科学家——被公认是有史以来智商最高的人之一。他为世界作出了无数的贡献，最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E=mc2。爱因斯坦不仅是一位天才，而且是一位广受爱戴的勇敢、善良的人。 　　1879年3月14日，这位性情温和的天才出生于德国。16岁时，他报考瑞士的大学，尽管入学考试中的数学和物理成绩十分优异，但是因为通识部分的成绩低而未被录取。再学习了一年后，他终于通过了考试，于1896年进入大学，1900年毕业。 　　寻找教师的工作岗位两年无果后，他在瑞士专利局觅得一份职员的工作。工作期间，出于强烈的求知欲，他仍继续学习，于1905年获得物理学博士学位。同年——这一年后来被称为科学上的奇迹年——他发表了四篇非同寻常的物理学论文。此后，他渐渐闻名于世，被誉为第二个艾萨克•牛顿。四年后，他辞去了专利局的工作，进入一所大学做全职研究。1922年，他因解释光电效应而荣获1921年度的诺贝尔物理学奖。 　　1933年，希特勒在德国上台，形势发生了变化。身为犹太人的爱因斯坦发现学术机构纷纷对他关上大门。因此，他不得不逃离德国。在欧洲度过一段时间后，他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究院谋得研究员一职。此后，他继续在物理学和数学领域获得重大成就。 　　在大众眼中，爱因斯坦是一个外表有点古怪但生性善良、风趣幽默的人。他胡须浓密，头发又长又白，有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。虽然他是个天才，但他有时也会忘记一些事情，如朋友的生日。尽管怪癖不少，他仍然颇受朋友和邻居的喜爱。甚至有一件轶事，说的是他如何为一名上门求助的小女孩讲解家庭作业。事实上，爱因斯坦经常遇到有人当街拦住他，请他解释各种事物。这样的情形多次发生之后，他最后只好开始说：“请原谅!抱歉!我老是被误认为是爱因斯坦教授!” 　　1955年4月18日，噩耗传来，爱因斯坦与世长辞，全世界都哀悼一代科学巨星的陨落。 Ⅰ．阅读词汇 1.receive numerous awards获得许多奖项 2.the general theory of relativity　　广义相对论 3.the institution of marriage　　婚姻制度 4.future geniuses　　未来的天才 5.a research institute　　一个研究机构 Ⅱ．写作词汇 1.flee Germany　　逃离德国 2.social circumstances　　社会环境 3.at the patent office　　在专利局 4.infer from the text　　从文章中推断 5.apply theory to practice　　把理论运用于实践 6.have a passion for art　　酷爱艺术 7.make an extraordinary achievement　　取得一项非凡的成就 8.encounter many difficulties　　遇到许多困难 9.a chemistry professor　　一位化学教授 Ⅲ．多义词汇 1.①a large sum of money　　一大笔钱 ②sum up the main points of the passage　　概括这篇文章的要点 2. ①submit the final draft　　递交最终稿 ②draft a plan　　草拟计划 Ⅳ．拓展词汇 1.conclusion n．结论；推论→conclude v．推断出；得出结论；使结束vi．结束；终止 2.novelist n．小说家→novel n．（长篇）小说 adj．新颖的；珍奇的 3.found vt．创建；建立；把……建立在→foundation n．创建；基金会→founder n．创建者；创始人 4.politician n．从政者；政治家；政客→politics n．政治→political adj．政治的 5.gentle adj．温柔的；文静的→gently adv．温柔地；温和地→gentleness n．和蔼；温和；温柔 6.gradually adv．逐渐地；逐步地→gradual adj．逐渐的；平缓的 7.consequence n．结果；后果→consequent adj．随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv．结果；因此；所以 8.remarkable adj．非凡的；显著的→remark n．言论，评述 v．谈论，说起；注意到 构词法 副词后缀－ly表示“时间、方式、程度、频率”等含义 直接加－ly careful→carefully仔细地 slight→slightly稍微；轻微地 去e＋ly simple→simply简单地 true→truly真实地 把y变i＋ly happy→happily高兴地 busy→busily繁忙地 Ⅴ．短语互译 1.wear and tear（正常使用造成的）磨损；损耗 2.flow chart 　　流程图 3.make contributions to　　为……作出贡献 4.come to power　　（开始）掌权；上台 5.as a consequence　　结果 6.take up a position　　担任；任职 7.on end　　竖着；直立着；连续地 8.mistake ．．．for ．．．　　把……错当成…… 9.pass away　　去世 10.sum up　　总结；概括 Ⅵ．句型填空 1.句型公式：独立主格结构 教材原句：He made numerous contributions to the world， the most well－known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2． 他为世界作出了无数的贡献，最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E=mc2。 2.句型公式：状语从句的省略 教材原句：While working there， out of a strong passion for knowledge， he continued to study， earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. 工作期间，出于强烈的求知欲，他仍继续学习，于1905年获得物理学博士学位。 3.句型公式：“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构 教材原句：Einstein， who was Jewish， found the doors of academic institutions closed to him． 身为犹太人的爱因斯坦发现学术机构纷纷对他关上大门。 4.句型公式：as though/if 教材原句：He had a thick moustache and long white hair， which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock． 他胡须浓密，头发又长又白，有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。 5.句型公式：It＋be＋过去分词＋that ．．． 教材原句：On 18 April 1955， it was reported that Einstein had passed away， and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist． 1955年4月18日，噩耗传来，爱因斯坦与世长辞，全世界都哀悼一代科学巨星的陨落。 写作词汇集释 1.passion n．酷爱；激情→passionate adj．具有强烈信念的；热爱的，酷爱的 教材原句　While working there， out of a strong passion for knowledge， he continued to study， earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. 工作期间，出于强烈的求知欲，他仍继续学习，于1905年获得物理学博士学位。 【用法】 （1）full of passion充满激情 with passion　　富有激情 have a passion for　　对……情有独钟；酷爱…… （2）be passionate about　　对……充满热情 【佳句】　She sang with passion， her voice filling the room with energy and emotion．（动作描写） 她充满激情地唱歌，她的歌声让整个房间充满了活力和情感。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Delighted to know that you have a passion for Tang poetry， I’m writing to inform you of some relevant information about it． 【写美】　完成句子 ②满怀热情和善良的约翰开始做爆米花来帮助伯纳德赚点外快。 Being full of passion and kindhearted， John set about making popcorn to help Bernard earn some extra money． 2.come to power （开始）掌权；上台 教材原句　Circumstances changed in 1933， when Hitler came to power in Germany． 1933年，希特勒在德国上台，形势发生了变化。 【用法】 （1）be in power掌权，执政 have the power to do sth　　具有做某事的能力/权力 beyond/out of one’s power　　某人力所不能及的 （2）powerful adj．　　强有力的 【佳句】　When the new president came to power， many reforms were introduced． 新总统上台后，推行了多项改革。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①I am greatly convinced that I have the power to take （take） up a position as your teaching assistant， so please take my application into consideration．（申请信） 【写美】　完成句子 ②意识到这个问题超出了我的能力范围，我如此焦虑以至于眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。（情绪描写） Sensing that the problem was beyond/out of my power， I was so anxious that tears flowed down my cheeks． 3.consequence n．结果；后果→consequent adj．随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv．结果；因此；所以 教材原句　As a consequence， he had to flee Germany．因此，他不得不逃离德国。 【用法】 （1）因此，结果 由于…… （2）face/take the consequences 面对/承担后果 【佳句】　In consequence of her constant practice， Maria became an exceptional pianist．Her dedication allowed her to perform on stage at a young age．（人物描写） 由于不断的练习，玛丽亚成了一名杰出的钢琴家。她的付出使她能够在年轻时登台演奏。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①（译林选必四）Consequently （consequence）， you will be exposed to many new ideas， beliefs， practices and learning experiences． ②It is known to all that the rise in global temperature will result in serious consequences （consequent）． 【写美】　完成句子 ③我不小心把计划搞砸了，所以我必须承担后果。（动作描写） I carelessly got the plan ruined， so I must take the consequences． 4.take up a position 担任；任职 教材原句　After spending time in Europe， he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton， USA． 在欧洲度过一段时间后，他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究院谋得研究员一职。 【用法】 take up接受；继续；占据（时间或空间） take back　　撤回；收回 take off　　脱掉（衣服等）；起飞；事业腾飞 take over　　接管；获得对……的控制或管理 take in　　吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗 take on　　呈现；雇用；承担；从事 【佳句】　Tom， a person with passion， once took up a position as chairman of the Students’ Union， so I think he is the best fit for the position．（推荐信） 汤姆，一个有激情的人，曾经担任过学生会主席，所以我认为他是最适合这个职位的。 【练透】　语境辨义 ①Smartphones not only take up our valuable time but also do great harm to our health．占据 ②The teacher took up the lesson where he left off last week．继续 ③No matter what happens， I’m going to take up the challenge．接受 【写美】　完成句子 ④我打算担任志愿者一职，从中可以开阔我的视野。 I intend to take up a position as a volunteer， through which I can broaden my horizons． 阅读词汇清障 Ⅰ．一词多义 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思。 flow A．n．流动 B．n．流畅　　　C．n．供应 D．vi．（液体）流动　　 E．vi．（大量人或物）流动 ①There is no doubt that the country encourages the flow of goods and services to faraway areas．　C　 ②We have a hard time controlling the flow of crowds during the Spring Festival．　A　 ③More and more young people desire to flow into big cities after graduation from university．　E　 ④To make sure the smooth flow of the whole text， I have determined to cancel some details．　B　 ⑤No one can deny the fact that the Yangtze River flows into the East China Sea．　D　 Ⅱ．熟词生义 根据语境写出加蓝词的词性和含义。 1.Using the flow chart①， he carefully charted② what had changed over a period of three months．①n．图表　②vt．记录 2.I discovered a novel way to deal with the challenging problem．adj．新颖的 重点句型解构 1.句型公式：独立主格结构 教材原句　He made numerous contributions to the world， the most well－known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2． 他为世界作出了无数的贡献，最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E=mc2。 【用法】 句中the most well－known being the general theory of relativity ．．．为独立主格结构。独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在；常见的独立主格结构如下： （1）名词/代词＋doing （表示主动、进行） （2）名词/代词＋done （表示被动、完成） （3）名词/代词＋to do （表示未发生的动作） （4）名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语 【佳句】　My wife and I threw our arms around each other， tears of happiness rolling down our cheeks．（情感描写） 我和妻子拥抱在一起，幸福的泪水顺着脸颊滚落下来。 【写美】　完成句子 ①听到这个好消息， 我高兴得跳了起来，幸福和感激的泪水涌上双眼。（2023•新课标Ⅰ卷） Hearing the good news， I jumped for joy， tears of happiness and gratitude welling up in my eyes． ②请注意!我们7点半在校门口集合，水果采摘活动将于8点开始。 Attention， please!We shall get together at 7：30 at the school gate， the fruit－picking activity to start at 8 o’clock． ③她绝望地坐在地板上，紧紧地闭上双眼，双手抱着头。 She sat on the floor in despair and closed her eyes tightly， her head buried in her hands． 2.句型公式：状语从句的省略 教材原句　While working there， out of a strong passion for knowledge， he continued to study， earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. 工作期间，出于强烈的求知欲，他仍继续学习，于1905年获得物理学博士学位。 【用法】 （1）当when、 while、 before、 after、 unless、 as if、 as等连词引导的状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致或状语从句中的主语为it，且谓语中含有be动词时，可同时省略状语从句中的主语和be动词。 （2）省略句中非谓语动词的选用要根据动词和主语的关系：主动关系用动词－ing形式；被动关系用过去分词；尚未发生的用动词不定式。 【佳句】　I can explain the relevant information about Chinese painting if necessary．（申请信） 如果有必要，我可以解释有关中国画的相关信息。 【写美】　完成句子/句型转换 ①当有必要时，你可以向慷慨的教授寻求指导。 When necessary， you can turn to the generous professor for guidance． ②他张开嘴好像要说些什么，但是他摇了摇头，什么也没说就离开了。 He opened his mouth as if to say something， but he shook his head and left without a word． ③The twins cheered up and did as they were told． →The twins cheered up and did as told． 3.句型公式：“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构 教材原句：Einstein， who was Jewish， found the doors of academic institutions closed to him． 身为犹太人的爱因斯坦发现学术机构纷纷对他关上大门。 【用法】 “find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构形式归纳： （1）find＋宾语＋ （2）句型find＋it＋adj．/n．＋to do中，it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语。 【佳句】　She found the letter opened by someone else， which made her boil with anger． 她发现信被别人拆开了，这使她勃然大怒。 【写美】　完成下面语段 环顾四周，简发现自己在陌生的树林里迷路了。她发现她的腿止不住地颤抖，吓得直冒冷汗。同时她发现很难走出树林，最终，她控制不住自己，大声哭了起来。（恐惧心理描写） Looking around， Jane found herself lost in the unfamiliar forest．She found her legs trembling uncontrollably and she was breaking out in a cold sweat．Meanwhile， she found it hard to walk out of the forest and finally， she couldn’t contain herself and burst out crying． Ⅰ．品句填词 1.He is a graduating high school student who has a passion （激情） for volunteering． 2.It was by chance that I encountered （遇到） my former classmate on the street the other day． 3.Professor （教授） Smith’s speech has benefited us greatly， making us realise the influence of our daily habits and thoughts． 4.Only when our theory （理论） is combined with practice can the former become reliable knowledge． 5.I’ve completed my speech draft （草稿） based on the given topic “Human and Nature”． 6.（2026•1月浙江卷） I took a slow， careful step towards the animal， speaking in a gentle （温柔的） voice． 7.His invention was so practical that he soon got a patent （专利证书）． 8.At first， it was challenging to do so， but I started by setting small goals and gradually （逐渐地） increased my reading time． 9.I’m writing to invite you to attend “Talk and Talk”， an English program founded （创办） by our school broadcasting station． Ⅱ．单句语法填空 1.Seeing that Linda is doing her homework， her mother leaves the study slowly and gently （gentle）． 2.China has made remarkable （remark） achievements in the application of 5G technology， which brings more convenience to people’s lives． 3.The novelist （novel） was about to leave when he noticed leaves moving gently in the breeze． 4.Encountering （encounter） a frightening beast on the way to the market the other day， the servant fled （flee） with her heart beating wildly． 5.From these facts we can draw a conclusion （conclude） that we ought to adopt a more scientific （science） approach to preserving the traditional customs． 6.There is no doubt that your professional （profession） and profound knowledge of English will benefit the students greatly． 7.With electric cars becoming popular， we believe that the level of air pollution will be reduced gradually （gradual）． 8.By combining theory with practice， I hold the strong belief that our company will become powerful （power） in the near future． 9.The novelist missed his daughter very much， who was studying abroad， tears flowing （flow） down his cheeks． Ⅲ．固定搭配和句式 1.Whenever I am faced with setbacks in life， I always find my father supporting me （发现父亲在支持我）． 2.Last but not least， while working （在工作期间） as a volunteer for the Winter Olympics， I gained much experience． 3.Tears streaming down his face （泪水从他的脸上流下来）， Warren knew a new life would begin． 4.To sum up （总而言之）， it is an amazing film which is suitable for both children and adults． 5.He planned to take up a position （任职） in that company after graduation． 6.First of all， under no circumstances （无论如何都不） should you give up． 7.Last weekend our school organised a fruit－picking activity， which enabled us to experience the rural life （这次活动使我们体验了乡村生活）． 8.As a consequence of his hard work （因为他的努力）， he was eventually admitted to Nanjing University． 9.All things considered （考虑到所有的事情）， her suggestion is of greater value than yours． 10.It was when the professor first arrived in China that he had a passion for paper－cutting （对剪纸有着浓厚的兴趣）． Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　（2026•海南中学高二上期中）Louis Pasteur was a world－famous French chemist and biologist． 　　He is particularly famous for his work on rabies vaccine （狂犬病疫苗）．The rabies virus enters the body through the bite of an infected animal or through infected saliva （唾液） entering an existing wound．After experimenting with the saliva of animals suffering from the disease， Pasteur concluded that the disease rests in the central nervous system of the body．By studying the tissue of infected animals — rabbits， Pasteur was able to produce a form of the virus．This could be used for inoculation （接种）． 　　On 6 July 1885， Pasteur tested his vaccine on a man for the first time．He saved the life of a young man called Joseph Meister who had been bitten by a rabid dog．Pasteur was urged to treat him with his new method．The treatment lasted 10 days and in the end Joseph recovered and remained healthy．Since then thousands have been saved by this treatment． 　　In March 1886， Pasteur was invited to present his results to the Academy of Sciences and in 1888 went on to found the Pasteur Institute in Paris．This was a pioneering clinic for the study of infectious diseases， the treatment of rabies and a centre for teaching．Pasteur directed the institute personally until he died．The Pasteur Institute is still one of the most important centres in the world． 　　Pasteur became a national hero and was honored in many ways．He died at Saint－Cloud on 28 September 1895 and was given a state funeral at the Cathedral of Notre Dame． 　　Modifications of the Pasteur method are still used in rabies treatment today．A newer vaccine which contains the virus prepared from human cells grown in the lab is safer and requires a shorter course of injections． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了路易•巴斯德发明狂犬病疫苗的过程及其影响。 1.Rabies probably can destroy a person’s 　　　　．（　　） A．nervous system B．blood C．skin　 D．saliva 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知，狂犬病可能会破坏人的神经系统。 2.What can we learn about Pasteur’s test of his vaccine on the man？（　　） A．It didn’t save the man’s life． B．The man was his second patient． C．It proved to be a great success． D．The man was sent to a clinic ten days later． 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，巴斯德的疫苗测试取得了巨大成功。 3.What can we infer from the last paragraph？（　　） A．Pasteur’s rabies vaccine is out of date． B．A new rabies vaccine has already been tested on patients． C．Injections of vaccine still take much time． D．Much improvement has been made on rabies vaccine． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，狂犬病疫苗已经有了很大的改进。 4.What’s the text mainly about？（　　） A．The treatment for rabies． B．The introduction to rabies vaccine． C．An analysis of the cause of rabies． D．Pasteur’s devotion to rabies vaccine． 解析：D　主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句和最后一段可知，文章主要围绕路易•巴斯德为狂犬病疫苗所作出的奉献来展开。 B 　　There are special moments in history when the world throws up a torrent of genius．Consider how， in a single century， the world saw Descartes， Leibniz， and Newton， not to mention Shakespeare， Milton， and Bach．Or consider how， in one generation， someone could hypothetically have met Bismarck， Queen Victoria， Marie Curie， and Edison． 　　But all of this pales in comparison to what German philosopher Karl Jaspers called the “Axial Age”．It’s here that we find the very origins of why we think the way we do today． 　　Modern humans have been around for roughly 250，000 years， and we’ve lived in complex societies for at least 6，000 years．Then， within a span of merely six centuries， there was a huge explosion of thought．From roughly 800 BCE to 200 BCE， all of the major civilizations produced incredible people with incredible ideas． 　　In Greece， we saw the likes of Socrates， Archimedes， Hippocrates， Plato， and Aristotle．In the Middle East， we got Jewish prophets like Isaiah and Ezekiel， as well as Zoroaster in Persia．In India， we got the Buddha and the writing of the Hindu Upanishads．And in China， Confucianism and Daoism came into their own， as well as the famous Sun Tzu． 　　Seen up close， these thinkers can seem about as different as chalk and cheese．What could Lao Tzu’s Dao and Aristotle’s Eudaimonia have in common？ How are Yahweh and Brahman similar？ For Jaspers， when you zoom out a bit and see these thinkers as a whole， there are remarkable commonalities to be found． 　　The greatest of these is the move toward what’s called “universalism”．Universal truths， universal religion， and universal morals．It’s the idea that there are certain values and rules that ought to apply to everyone， everywhere， no matter the circumstances． 　　The Axial Age was an era where empires expanded outwards to become huge， both in terms of size and population．It was a time of the Persian and Carthaginian empires， the Roman Republic， and the Zhou Dynasty．This means several important things happened． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。“轴心时代”这一概念由德国哲学家卡尔•雅斯贝尔斯提出，它指大约公元前800年至公元前200年之间的一段历史时期，是人类文明发展的一个重要阶段。 5.What does the underlined word “pales” in paragraph 2 mean？（　　） A．Becomes more obvious． B．Becomes less important． C．Becomes less interesting． D．Becomes more influential． 解析：B　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，作者对下文提到的“轴心时代”的人物评价更高。也就是说，第一段提到的这些人物比起“轴心时代”的先哲们就相形见绌了。 6.What was the Axial Age mainly about？（　　） A．Great thoughts．　 B．Political campaigns． C．Scientific achievements．　 D．Geographic discoveries． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，“轴心时代”的最大特点是诞生了很多伟大先哲以及他们的杰出思想。 7.What does Jaspers try to stress about these great thinkers？（　　） A．The similarity of their ideas． B．The difference between them． C．The diversity of their thoughts． D．The significance of their contributions． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，Jaspers重点强调了这些“轴心时代”伟大先哲们思想的共同之处。 8.What will the author continue talking about in the paragraphs that follow？（　　） A．The problems with the Axial Age． B．The great influence of the Axial Age． C．The characteristics of the Axial Age． D．The historical events of the Axial Age． 解析：D　推理判断题。最后一段作者提到了“轴心时代”的背景——波斯帝国、迦太基帝国、罗马共和国和周朝；根据This means several important things happened．可推知，下文可能会详细讲述这一时期发生的事。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五 　　（2026•海南中学高二上期中）Dedication is the key to unlocking one’s true potential and achieving success in life．Here are some essential strategies to develop dedication for what you are doing in life． 　　Define your purpose． 　　Start by defining your purpose and understanding why you want to pursue a particular path.9.　　 Take time to reflect on your passions， values and long－term ambitions， as these will guide your journey． 　　Set clear and realistic goals． 　　Establish clear achievable goals that align with （与……一致） your purpose.10.　　 It can make them more manageable and less overwhelming．Regularly track your progress and celebrate each accomplishment， no matter how minor.11.　　 　　Maintain a positive mindset． 　　A positive mindset can significantly impact your dedication.12.　　 Replace self－doubt with self－encouragement and surround yourself with supportive individuals who believe in your vision．When you maintain a positive outlook， it becomes easier to stay dedicated and push through difficulties． 　　13.　　 　　Life is dynamic， and circumstances may change along the way．Be open to adapting your approach and re－analyzing your goals if needed．Flexibility allows you to stay dedicated while still embracing necessary adjustments to align with your developing vision． A．Be flexible． B．Find passion in the process． C．Break them down into smaller milestones． D．Develop optimism and believe in your abilities． E．Understand that difficulties are a natural part of any journey． F．Acknowledging your achievements boosts motivation and enthusiasm． G．Knowing your “why” will fuel your dedication during challenging times． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些培养对自己所做事情的奉献精神的基本策略，包括明确目标、设定合理目标、保持积极心态以及学会灵活变通等。 9.G　上文说要知道自己为什么想要追求一条特定的道路，下文说这些将指导你的旅程，由此可推理出，此处强调了解自己“为什么”做某事的重要性，这与G项表达的含义一致，说明了知道做事情的原因对奉献精神的推动作用。 10.C　上文说要建立明确且可实现的目标，下文说使它们更易于管理，不那么让人不知所措，由此可推理出，C项符合语境，解释了将大目标分解成小目标能让目标更易管理，与上下文衔接紧密。 11.F　上文提到了要认可自己的成就，由此可推理出，F项符合语境，进一步说明了认可成就带来的积极影响，与上文内容相呼应。 12.D　上文说的是积极心态的好处，下文说的是用自我鼓励取代自我怀疑，由此可推理出，D项符合语境，与上下文一致，都在强调积极心态和自我鼓励，保持对自己的信心。 13.A　整段都在强调要具有灵活性，根据文章结构，此处是本段的小标题，A项（学会灵活变通）符合段落主旨，能够概括该段内容。 Ⅲ．完形填空 　　（2026•粤东四校高二上联考）The sound of my mother cooking breakfast is a familiar tune that fills the house．It’s my morning 　14　．As I slowly make my way to the kitchen， my senses immediately 　15　 with the smell of juicy tomatoes and hearty potatoes in the pot． 　　“Breakfast is 　16　，” she calls， bringing the entire family to the dining table． 　　She 　17　 lays the plates and serves our family at the table．It is 　18　 how effortlessly she attends to each person’s unique tastes， making a meal that feels 　19　 for each of us．Not only does she put so much 　20　 and love into each meal， but she also makes each meal the only time when everyone 　21　， sits down and takes the time to enjoy each bite．The dining table is 　22　 the center of the family’s conversation and connection， a space where we 　23　 not just food， but our lives．As we 　24　 each other’s struggles， we offer support and advice．We update each other on our work projects and brainstorm ideas for future vacation plans． 　　These days， when 　25　 and easy meals are so popular， like microwave dinners and ready－to－eat kits， making a meal from scratch （从零开始） might seem highly 　26　．However， my mother spends hours in the kitchen every day 　27　 for us．I know it’s her way of 　28　 love． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的母亲每天为家人精心准备早餐，餐桌上家人享受美食、彼此支持，展现家庭温暖的故事。 14.A．exerciseB．program C．alarm　 D．shift 解析：C　根据上文可知，母亲做早餐的声音是作者晨间的熟悉曲调，仿佛是喊作者起床的闹钟。 15.A．come true　 B．come around C．come out　 D．come alive 解析：D　根据语境可知，美食的香味让作者的感官活跃。 16.A．early　 B．hearty C．ready　 D．healthy 解析：C　根据下文bringing the entire family to the dining table可知，此处是指早餐已经准备好。 17.A．thoughtfully　 B．curiously C．secretly　 D．hesitantly 解析：A　根据下文可知，母亲体贴周到，摆好餐盘，照顾每个人的口味。 18.A．impossible　 B．remarkable C．amusing　 D．unimportant 解析：B　根据下文可知，母亲能把家里每个人的口味都照顾到，这很了不起。 19.A．energy－saving　 B．pain－relieving C．tailor－made　 D．time－worn 解析：C　根据上文each person’s unique tastes可知，此处是指量身定制的。 20.A．devotion　 B．courage C．justice　 D．reaction 解析：A　根据上文可知，母亲在做早饭这件事情上倾注了大量的奉献和爱。 21.A．gathers　 B．matters C．hurries　 D．shines 解析：A　根据上下文可知，此处是指一家人聚在餐桌边。 22.A．different from　 B．transformed into C．ranged from　 D．resolved into 解析：B　根据语境可知，餐桌原本的功能是吃饭，现如今它变成了整个家庭的交流中心，在餐桌上我们分享食物和生活。 23.A．prepare　 B．observe C．choose　 D．share 解析：D　参见上题解析。 24.A．take advantage of　 B．catch up on C．put up with　 D．add up to 解析：B　根据下文可知，此处是指了解彼此的难处，我们提供支持和建议。 25.A．delicious　 B．fried C．fast　 D．balanced 解析：C　根据下文easy meals以及like microwave dinners and ready－to－eat kits可知，此处是指快餐。 26.A．illegal　 B．simple C．significant　 D．inefficient 解析：D　根据上文easy meals以及making a meal from scratch可知，相较于快餐的迅速和便捷，从零开始做饭是费劲、低效的。 27.A．cooking　 B．searching C．ordering　 D．waiting 解析：A　根据上文可知，此处是指在厨房做饭。 28.A．hiding　 B．demanding C．finding　 D．expressing 解析：D　根据上文可知，母亲每天花大量时间为家人做饭是她向家人表达爱意的方式。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $