Unit 2 Section Ⅴ LESSON 3 GETTING TO THE TOP(Word教参)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版)

本讲义围绕“奥运运动员追求卓越”主题，系统梳理核心词汇（如push oneself to the limits, apply oneself to）、重点句型（there is a good reason for, would do...rather than do...）及语篇结构。通过语块翻译、熟词生义、长难句解析等学习支架，帮助学生从词汇积累到句型运用再到语篇理解逐步提升。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，“赏靓点”分析动词连用、疑问句使用等语言特色提升语言理解与表达能力，阅读活动中讨论成功原因引导学生分析与评价培养思维品质。课中Pre-reading讨论激活背景知识，课后分层作业助力学生巩固知识，查漏补缺。

Section Ⅴ　LESSON 3　GETTING TO THE TOP 　　Why do Olympic athletes push themselves to the limits①？ ［1］As one of the Olympic athletes， I miss birthday parties②， ruin family holidays and skip nights out， but there is a very good reason③ for giving up④ so much． “We’re worried about you，” said my friend from across the table．He was worried that I had no longer⑤ become fun to train with and that I was in danger of⑥ being left with only a world championship medal and no one to share it with． 　　【释疑难】　［1］句是一个由but连接的并列句。在第一个分句中含有三个并列的谓语动词；在第二个分句中含有一个固定句型there is a very good reason for，意为“有合理的理由……”。 　　【赏靓点】　［1］句中连续使用动词miss， ruin和skip，侧面描述了作为一名运动员的生活现状，同时也说明了运动员追求极致的艰辛。 　　I could have become angry⑦ or defensive．Don’t they know how hard it is to be at the top⑧ in sport？ Don’t they know what it takes to get there？ However， deep down⑨ I knew elements of what he was saying were right．I was always tired and every workout⑩ had a mental intensity⑪ that seemed too much for most to handle．I was pushing the limits and extremes beyond what most thought were healthy． 　　These are the fears I face as a professional athlete on a day－to－day basis⑫．Who am I doing this for？ How much is too much？ Why am I doing this？ How can I be so selfish？ What are the sacrifices for⑬？ 　　【赏靓点】　第三段连续使用疑问句，描述了作者作为一名职业运动员面临恐惧的心理活动，疑问句的连续使用不仅能使句式整齐划一，而且能加强叙事的程度。 　　［2］I think of countless birthday parties⑭ and nights out I have missed， ruining a family holiday in France because of⑮ the endless search for⑯ a swimming pool to train in， almost missing my brother’s wedding because I was too busy hiring a car⑰ in downtown Johannesburg and driving through the “no－go” areas in order to do a group ride with the local triathletes⑱． The list is endless． 　　【释疑难】　［2］句中的动词－ing短语ruining ．．．、 missing ．．．和driving ．．．作伴随状语；第二个because引导原因状语从句，从句中含有句型be busy doing，意为“忙于做……”。 　　【赏靓点】　［2］句中使用了 endless一词，表达了作者作为一名职业运动员需要面对很多困难，也表达了作者的无奈。 　　It boils down to⑲ this： I was born with an enormous amount of drive⑳ and determination． From a small girl， I would stay in㉑ at lunch time just to get ahead㉒ on class work rather than㉓ go out and play； I would get the bus on my own㉔ at ten years old and go to swim 100 lengths of the pool while other kids played pool games； I was the only girl in a rugby club of 250 boys．I have always lived my life to extremes．［3］Call it unhealthy if you want， but that is the way I roll， no matter what it is I’m applying myself to㉕． 　　Being a professional athlete is no different． ［4］If you want to be an Olympic champion， it’s all about that little extra thing you have done in your preparation that will set you apart from㉖ your competitors． 　　Can this be overdone？Absolutely．But if your dream is to be the best and reach the winner’s platform㉗， you had better be totally committed to㉘ your sport．［5］In the words of the British triathlete Alistair Brownlee， even if it means getting injured㉙， “I’d prefer to have three or four outstanding years㉚ of winning stuff rather than have ten years of being average．” 　　Doing what we do as athletes sets us apart because we are willing to do that extra little bit that might take us to the top．It is certainly not a balanced way㉛ to live and it is certainly not normal but those words are generally not used for anyone who is striving for greatness㉜． 　　【释疑难】　［3］句为并列句。but连接两个并列分句；第一个分句是祈使句；第二个分句中含有no matter what引导的让步状语从句。 　　［5］本句是一个主从复合句。句中even if引导让步状语从句，主句为直接引语。 　　【赏靓点】　［4］句中使用了little和extra，这两个词形象地说明了要想成为一名优秀的运动员需要做一些繁琐而细碎的事情，同时再次说明登上顶峰的艰辛。 语块翻译 Paras． 1－2 ①把某人推到极限 ②错过生日聚会 ③合理的理由 ④放弃 ⑤不再 ⑥处于……危险之中 ⑦生气 ⑧处于顶峰 ⑨内心深处 ⑩每次锻炼 ⑪心理压力 Paras． 3－4 ⑫日常地 ⑬为了……做出牺牲 ⑭无数生日派对 ⑮由于，因为 ⑯寻找 ⑰租车 ⑱当地的铁人三项运动员 Paras． 5－6 ⑲归结为；要点是 ⑳特别有干劲 ㉑待在家里 ㉒取得进步 ㉓而不是 ㉔我自己一个人 ㉕努力；专心致志于某事 ㉖除……之外 Paras． 7－8 ㉗胜利者的奖台 ㉘全身心投入 ㉙受伤 ㉚胜利辉煌 ㉛平衡的方式 ㉜追求伟大 熟词生义 1.limit （Para． 1） 熟义：n．限制 文中义：n．极限 2.skip （Para． 1） 熟义：v．跳跃 文中义：v．跳过，略过 3.face （Para． 3） 熟义： n．脸 文中义：v．面对 4.ahead （Para． 5） 熟义： adv．提前 文中义： adv．领先 　 参考译文 　　为什么奥林匹克运动员要将自己逼到极限呢？作为一名奥林匹克运动员，我错过生日聚会、破坏家庭旅行、放弃夜晚外出，但是放弃这么多是有合理的理由的。“我们很担心你，”坐在我对面的朋友说。他担心和我一起训练不再是一件愉悦的事情，担心我处于只剩下世界冠军的奖牌而无人可以分享的危险境地。 　　我本可以生气或者辩解一下的。难道他们不知道在运动中处于顶峰有多难吗？难道他们不知道走向顶峰需要付出多少吗？然而，在内心深处，我知道他说的有一些是对的。我总是疲惫不堪，每次锻炼带来的心理压力对于大多数人来说都难以应对。我把极限提升到了大多数人认为超出健康的程度。 　　这些是我作为职业运动员日常面临的恐惧。我这样做是为了谁？太多是多少？我为什么要这样做？我怎么能这么自私？这些牺牲是为了什么？ 　　我想到了曾经错过的无数生日派对和本来可以外出狂欢的夜晚，因为一直寻找可以训练的游泳池，而破坏了一次去法国的全家旅行；我忙于在约翰内斯堡市中心租车，差点错过哥哥的婚礼； 开车闯过“禁行”区，以便和当地的铁人三项运动员一起骑行训练。这样的事情不计其数。 　　归根结底，我天生就是个特别有干劲和意志力的人。我还是个小女孩时，为了在课业上名列前茅，午餐时间我会留下来学习而不出去玩；十岁的时候，当别的孩子在泳池戏水时，我会自己乘公共汽车去游泳池游50个来回；橄榄球俱乐部里，有 250 个男孩，只有我一个女孩。生活中我一向把事情做到极致。你若说这是一种病态也行，但这就是我的做事风格，不管做什么我都会全力以赴。 　　成为一名职业运动员也不例外。如果你想成为奥运冠军，就要在训练中多付出那额外的一点点，它将使你从竞争者中脱颖而出。 　　这过分吗？当然。但如果你的梦想是成为最棒的并站上胜利者的奖台，你最好全身心投入运动项目中。用英国铁人三项运动员阿利斯特尔•布朗利的话来说，即使这意味着受伤，“我也宁愿有三到四年的胜利辉煌，而不选择十年的平庸无为。” 　　做运动员让我们与众不同，因为我们愿意做到那额外的一点点，以使我们走向顶峰。它当然不是一种平衡的生活方式，也肯定不寻常，但寻常、平衡这些词是不会用来形容追求伟大的人的。 Step One： Pre－reading Discuss the questions．Use the phrases below to help you．（Answers may vary．） 1.Which athlete do you admire most？ Why？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2.What did they do to get to the top of the sport？ □to push oneself to the limits □to live one’s life to extremes □to be totally focused on the sport □to give up everything for the sport □to be willing to do the extra little bit □to strive for greatness Step Two： While－reading Ⅰ．Read for the main idea Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer． What’s the text mainly about？（　　） A．The author’s view of the Olympics． B．The ways to be a top athlete． C．Experience and feelings as an Olympic athlete． D．The reason why Olympic athletes push themselves to the limits． 答案：D Ⅱ．Read for details Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer． 1.What did the author’s friend worry about？（　　） A．The author didn’t push herself to the limits． B．The author wouldn’t win a world championship medal． C．There was only medals in the author’s eyes． D．The author missed so many birthday parties and holidays． 2.What was one of the fears the author faced？（　　） A．Reasons for pushing the limits． B．Her competitors’ efforts． C．Class work at school． D．Her friend’s worries． 3.What would the author do when she was young？（　　） A．Go out and play．B．Play pool games． C．Go to swim．　 D．Take holidays often． 4.What should a professional athlete be？（　　） A．Hard－working．　 B．Intelligent． C．Cheerful．　 D．Careful． 答案：1－4　CACA Ⅲ．Read for the structure Read the passage again and fill in the blanks． Step Three：Post－reading Ⅰ．品课文佳句 1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the author’s doubting and questioning herself． （1）Who am I doing this for？ （2）How much is too much？ （3）Why am I doing this？ （4）How can I be so selfish？ （5）What are the sacrifices for？ 2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence describing the author’s sacrificing her social life． I think of countless birthday parties and nights out I have missed， ruining a family holiday in France because of the endless search for a swimming pool to train in， almost missing my brother’s wedding because I was too busy hiring a car in downtown Johannesburg and driving through the “no－go” areas in order to do a group ride with the local triathletes． Ⅱ．长难句分析 1.He was worried that I had no longer become fun to train with and that I was in danger of being left with only a world championship medal and no one to share it with． 句式分析： 自主翻译：他担心和我一起训练不再是一件愉悦的事情，担心我处于只剩下世界冠军的奖牌而无人可以分享的危险境地。 2.If you want to be an Olympic champion， it’s all about that little extra thing you have done in your preparation that will set you apart from your competitors． 句式分析： 自主翻译：如果你想成为奥运冠军，就要在训练中多付出那额外的一点点，它将使你从竞争者中脱颖而出。 3.Doing what we do as athletes sets us apart because we are willing to do that extra little bit that might take us to the top． 句式分析： 自主翻译：做运动员让我们与众不同，因为我们愿意做到那额外的一点点，以使我们走向顶峰。 Ⅲ．讨论 1.What are the three most important reasons why the author was able to get to the top？ Find evidence to support your conclusion． （1）She was born with an enormous amount of drive and determination．（Para.5） （2）She has always lived her life to extremes，whatever it is she is applying herself to．（Para.5） （3）As a professional athlete，she is prepared to do that little extra thing in her preparation that will set her apart from her competitors．（Para.6） 2.What is your opinion about the author’s attitude and commitment to the profession she has chosen？ In my opinion， the author’s passion for her profession and her sacrifices for her dream are admirable．I believe she will realise her dream sooner or later．If we have such determination and commitment， everything is possible no matter what profession we choose． 写作词汇集释 1.ruin vt．毁掉，糟蹋，毁坏 n．毁坏；废墟 教材原句　As one of the Olympic athletes， I miss birthday parties， ruin family holidays and skip nights out， but there is a very good reason for giving up so much． 作为一名奥林匹克运动员，我错过生日聚会、破坏家庭旅行、放弃夜晚外出，但是放弃这么多是有合理的理由的。 【用法】 （1）ruin oneself毁掉自己 （2）be/lie in ruins　　成为废墟；毁灭 fall into ruin　　成为废墟；破败不堪 【佳句】　（2025•北京卷）Little did I realize that single moment would ruin everything． 我几乎没有意识到，那一瞬间竟毁掉了一切。 Don’t let one mistake ruin your whole life． 别让一个错误毁掉你的一生。 【练透】　语块表达 ①The old famous castle fell into ruin （成为废墟） after the big flood． 【写美】　完成句子 ②After the storm， the small coastal village was/lay in ruins， with houses and roads severely damaged． 暴风雨过后，这个沿海小村庄变成了一片废墟，房屋和道路严重受损。 2.apply oneself to sth 努力；专心致志于某事 教材原句　Call it unhealthy if you want， but that is the way I roll， no matter what it is I’m applying myself to． 你若说这是一种病态也行，但这就是我的做事风格，不管做什么我都会全力以赴。 【用法】 （1）apply vt．　　　 　 涂；运用；使致力（于） vi．　　申请；应用，使用；适用 apply （to sb） for ．．．　　（向某人）申请…… apply ．．．to ．．．把……运用/涂抹到……上 （2）applicant n．　　申请人 application n．　　申请；应用 【佳句】　If you apply yourself to your studies， you will surely see improvement in your grades． 如果你专注于你的学习，你的成绩肯定会有所提高。 You can apply for the scholarship online． 你可以在线申请奖学金。 【练透】　 根据提示完成小片段 ①When an idea occurred to him， he first applied it to （把它应用于） his work．He also applied for a patent （申请了一项专利） about it．Then he applied himself to （专心于） it and made necessary changes． 【写美】　完成句子 ②I’m writing to apply for the position as a volunteer of the English Association．　（申请信） 我写信是想申请英语协会志愿者的职位。 ③If you want to study abroad， you need to apply for a visa first and prepare necessary materials． 如果你想出国留学，你需要先申请签证并准备必要的材料。 3.set sb/sth apart 使与众不同 教材原句　If you want to be an Olympic champion， it’s all about that little extra thing you have done in your preparation that will set you apart from your competitors． 如果你想成为奥运冠军，就要在训练中多付出那额外的一点点，它将使你从竞争者中脱颖而出。 【用法】 set off动身；出发；引爆；引发 set down　　写下；放下 set out （to do sth）　　出发；开始（做某事） set about （doing sth）　　着手（做某事） set aside 　　　　 将……放在一边；为……节省 或保留（钱或时间）；不理会 【佳句】　Her kindness and ability to listen to others set her apart from the other teachers， making her a beloved figure at the school．　（人物介绍） 她的善良和倾听他人的能力使她与其他老师不同，这使她成为学校里备受喜爱的人物。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①It was completely dark when we saw fireworks being set off in the distance． ②Armed with the information you have gathered， you can set about preparing your business plan． ③She tries to set aside some time every day to do exercise and keep healthy． 【写美】　完成句子 ④You should listen carefully and set down important information in particular．　（建议信） 你应该认真听，尤其是要写下重要的信息。 4.average adj．平庸的，普通的；平均的 n．平均水平；平均数 教材原句　I’d prefer to have three or four outstanding years of winning stuff rather than have ten years of being average． 我也宁愿有三到四年的胜利辉煌，而不选择十年的平庸无为。 【用法】 （1）an average of平均有（后跟数词） （2）on （the） average　　平均起来 above （the） average　　在平均水平以上 below （the） average　　在平均水平以下 【佳句】　His performance was average compared to the others， but what set him apart was his dedication to improving every day．　（人物描写） 与其他人相比，他的表现属于平均水平，但使他与众不同的是他每天都致力于进步。 On average， he walks ten thousand steps every day． 平均来说，他每天走一万步。 【练透】　根据提示完成小片段 ①There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam， on average （平均） 18 students in each class．Tom’s score was above average （在平均水平以上）． ②We walk an average of （平均） 8，000 steps every day to keep healthy and enjoy the fresh air outdoors． 【写美】　完成句子 ③All students have two PE classes a week and run for an average of 20 minutes every day．　（体育活动） 所有学生每周上两节体育课，平均每天跑20分钟。 重点句型解构 1.句型公式：there is a good reason （to be/for）意为“……有合理的理由” 教材原句　As one of the Olympic athletes， I miss birthday parties， ruin family holidays and skip nights out， but there is a very good reason for giving up so much． 作为一名奥林匹克运动员，我错过生日聚会、破坏家庭旅行、放弃夜晚外出，但是放弃这么多是有合理的理由的。 【用法】 There is no good reason （to be/for）没有理由…… There is no need to do sth　　没有必要做某事 There is no point （in） doing sth　　做某事没有意义 【佳句】　（2025•1月浙江卷）There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication， whether written， spoken， formal， or informal， if the message doesn’t come across clearly． 如果信息传递不清晰，无论是书面、口头、正式还是非正式的沟通，都没有价值。 【写美】　微写作 ①没有理由拒绝他的邀请。 There is no reason to turn down his invitation． ②没有必要担心他。 There is no need to worry about him． ③和他争论没有意义。 There is no point （in） arguing with him． 2.句型公式：would do ．．．rather than do ．．．意为“宁愿做……而不愿做……” 教材原句　From a small girl， I would stay in at lunch time just to get ahead on class work rather than go out and play ．．． 我还是个小女孩时，为了在课业上名列前茅，午餐时间我会留下来学习而不出去玩…… 【用法】 would do ．．．rather than do ．．．=would rather do ．．．than do ．．．表示“宁愿做……而不愿做……”，类似的表达还有prefer to do ．．．rather than do ．．． 【佳句】　He would read books rather than play video games， because he found more joy in stories． 他宁愿读书也不愿玩电子游戏，因为他在故事中找到了更多的乐趣。 I would choose to read meaningful books at home rather than waste time on meaningless online games every weekend．每个周末我宁愿在家读有意义的书，也不愿把时间浪费在无意义的网络游戏上。 【写美】　句型转换/完成句子 ①I would rather go hungry than turn to him for financial help． →I prefer to go hungry rather than turn to him for financial help． →I would go hungry rather than turn to him for financial help． →I prefer going hungry to turning to him for financial help． ②I would stay at home rather than go out in such bad weather． 天气这么差，我宁愿待在家里也不愿出去。 维度一：品句填词 1.The child skipped （蹦跳着走） happily along the path， enjoying the sunny day． 2.The story had all the elements （元素） of a classic adventure， including mystery and heroism． 3.She stood on the platform （月台）， waving goodbye to her family as the train departed． 4.The storm’s intensity （强度） caught everyone by surprise， causing widespread damage． 5.He’s an average player， but his consistency makes him available to the team． 6.After the heavy rain， the picnic was ruined， forcing everyone to stay indoors． 维度二：词形转换 1.They use information about life length （long）， education and earnings to grade countries on human development． 2.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely （extreme） uncomfortable． 3.Our troops took up defensive （defend） positions on high ground overlooking the river． 4.Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly （selfish） make others suffer． 5.The new treatment could save Emma’s life and the lives of countless （count） others． 6.Standards in health care have improved enormously （enormous） compared to 40 years ago． 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1.What sets him apart （使他与众不同的） is his sense of humour． 2.He wrote a lot in his letter， which can boil down to （归结为） it that he felt very sorry for his absence． 3.Please stay in （待在家里） and let me know how you are doing． 4.He has applied himself to （专心致志于） studying chemistry in the past years． 5.There is no reason （完全没道理） to suppose she’s lying． Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　（2026•广东清远高二检测）Nuclear expert Peng Shilu once said that he only did two things in his entire life： one was to build nuclear submarines （核潜艇）， and the other to build nuclear power plants．Despite being one of the founding members of China’s nuclear power industry， Peng described himself as playing a tiny role in the task．In fact， he held leading positions in most of China’s early nuclear power projects， from the first－generation nuclear submarines to the establishment of Dayawan and Qinshan nuclear power stations． 　　Peng was born in 1925 into a family of heroes．After the founding of the People’s Republic of China， Peng was selected to study chemical machinery （机械） in the Soviet Union．In 1956， when he was about to graduate， he faced a turning point in his life．At that time， the central government decided to select a group of outstanding students studying abroad to transfer to the atomic energy major．Peng willingly agreed， marking the beginning of his lifelong commitment to developing China’s nuclear power． 　　In 1958， China started to independently develop its own nuclear submarines， and Peng was appointed to take charge of the research and design of the nuclear propulsion system．In the 1980s， China decided to build a commercial nuclear power plant．Appointed as the director－in－chief， Peng once again devoted himself to its preparation and construction． 　　During his career， Peng held a variety of high－ranking titles．In 1994， he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering， one of the top academic bodies in China． 　　Peng passed away in Beijing on 22 March， 2021 at the age of 96.The Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee awarded the title “Role Model of the Times” to Peng for his contributions． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国著名的核动力专家彭士禄院士的生平事迹和重要贡献。 1.What does the author imply in the first paragraph？（　　） A．Peng took interest in nothing but nuclear power． B．Peng was actually a very modest person． C．Peng played a tiny role in building nuclear power plants． D．Peng was the most important figure in the nuclear field． 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的Despite being one of the founding members ．．．a tiny role in the task．可推知，彭士禄院士是一个非常谦虚的人。 2.Why did Peng Shilu change his major to atomic energy in 1956？（　　） A．Because he found chemical machinery uninteresting． B．Because the Soviet Union offered him a better program． C．Because he was selected by the Chinese government to do so． D．Because he wanted to contribute to China’s nuclear submarine project． 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的At that time ．．． nuclear power．可知，1956年彭士禄转专业是因为中央政府的选拔决定，他欣然应允。 3.How does the author develop the passage？（　　） A．By following the time order． B．By showing the great importance． C．By providing some similar examples． D．By explaining the process of research． 解析：A　推理判断题。第一段引出文章的主题，根据第二段中的Peng was born in 1925、In 1956、第三段中的In 1958、第四段中的In 1994和最后一段中的Peng passed away in Beijing on 22 March， 2021可知，文章按照时间顺序讲述彭士禄院士的生平。 4.Which of the following is the proper title for the passage？（　　） A．China Honors a Nuclear Power Expert B．Peng Shilu Built Nuclear Submarines C．China Lost a Famous Nuclear Expert D．A Nuclear Hero Devoted Himself to Helping His Country 解析：D　标题归纳题。文章讲述了中国著名的核动力专家彭士禄的生平事迹，尤其体现了彭士禄为祖国发展所做的贡献。因此，D项最契合彭士禄的人物事迹和贡献，适合作为文章标题。 B 　　Chien－Shiung Wu was a Chinese－American particle and experimental physicist who made significant contributions in the fields of nuclear and particle physics．She is best known for conducting the Wu experiment， which proved that parity （对称） is not conserved．This discovery resulted in her colleagues Tsung－Dao Lee and Chen－Ning Yang winning the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics， while Wu herself was awarded the Wolf Prize in Physics in 1978.Her expertise in experimental physics aroused comparisons to Marie Curie． 　　Chien－Shiung Wu was born in a town of Jiangsu Province， China， in 1912.Wu and her father were extremely close， and he encouraged her interests passionately， creating an environment where she was surrounded by books， magazines， and newspapers．Wu received her elementary school education at Mingde Women’s Vocational School founded by her father． 　　Wu left her hometown in 1923 to go to the Suzhou Women’s Normal School No 2， which was fifty miles from her home．In an era when “getting married” was considered the best destiny for women， she carved out a new path for herself through her diligent and earnest approach to learning and her thirst for knowledge． 　　In 1936， Chien－Shiung Wu went to the United States to pursue further studies in atomic physics．It was during this period of her education that she came to know Oppenheimer， who was teaching in the Physics Department．Under the guidance of renowned physicists such as Oppenheimer， Lawrence， and Segre， Chien－Shiung Wu successfully completed her studies and her doctoral research．Due to the highly sensitive nature of her work， the details of her research were not revealed until the end of World War Ⅱ． 　　In 1984， Chien－Shiung Wu returned to China from the United States．At the age of 72， she made a substantial donation of $250，000 to her hometown to support its development．Later， she also became an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences． 　　In 1997， Chien－Shiung Wu passed away．Before her death， she requested to be buried in her hometown of Suzhou．Today， her tombstone in Taicang， Suzhou， bears the inscription： “She was an outstanding global citizen and a forever Chinese．” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美籍华裔核物理学家吴健雄的个人经历以及成就。 5.Which of the following is NOT Wu’s achievement？（　　） A．She won the Wolf Prize in Physics． B．Her finding led to her colleagues’ winning Nobel Prize． C．Her experiment proved that parity is not conserved． D．Her assistance made Marie Curie incomparable． 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的She is best known ．．．aroused comparisons to Marie Curie．可知，D项（她的帮助使玛丽•居里无与伦比）与文意不符，不属于吴健雄的成就。 6.What can we infer about her childhood？（　　） A．She lived close to the elementary school． B．Her father played a significant role in her growth． C．She might have accepted women’s destiny． D．She was a born book－lover． 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，吴健雄的父亲鼓励了她的兴趣，给她创造了良好的学习环境。由此推断，她的父亲在她的成长过程中起到了重要作用。 7.What can we know about her research work in the USA？（　　） A．It was kept secret during World War Ⅱ． B．It was carried out on her own． C．Most of her research was about nature． D．She carved out a new way to do research work． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，她在美国的研究工作在第二次世界大战期间是保密的。 8.Which of the following can best describe Chien－Shiung Wu？（　　） A．Knowledge－seeking and patriotic． B．Unconventional and honest． C．Hard－working and considerate． D．Global－minded and sensitive． 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，吴健雄勤奋认真地学习，充满求知精神；再结合倒数第二段可知，她后来回到祖国工作，捐款支持家乡发展，是热爱祖国的。 Ⅱ．完形填空 　　Many years ago， I wrote a story．My 　9　 was to see the story on the shelves．　10　， it was far from being published． 　　I had to 　11　 I should rewrite it and I needed fresh views on my story．I needed an editor to 　12　 where I was going wrong， edit away unnecessary description， and point out where I needed to add more details． 　　There were some applicants for the job but finally Jasmine Gower 　13　 the position．Her feedback was so detailed that I knew she was the 　14　 person that I was looking for．One key thing Jasmine spotted was that my book should balance the 　15　．Also， she suggested adding more details to the older characters of the story．When I struggled with how to 　16　 the story， I found it hard to create a satisfying ending．Then Jasmine 　17　 me to create an unexpected ending that readers couldn’t 　18　．With her advice， the story went nicely and left readers with a surprising ending．As a 　19　， my dream of publishing the story was achieved．And it seemed as if readers couldn’t 　20　 reading it! 　　I’ve received so many 　21　 that have truly warmed my heart．What I could be completely confident about was the fact that I had a really 　22　 story， a well－balanced structure， characters， and a wonderful ending．With Jasmine’s help， I feel very proud of what I’ve created and now 　23　 to write the next five books in my series． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过聘请编辑Jasmine Gower来改进自己的故事，最终成功出版并获得读者好评的经历。 9.A．reason　 B．objective C．theory　 D．choice 解析：B　根据上句中的I wrote a story和空后的to see the story on the shelves可知，作者写了一个故事，目标是看到故事被出版。 10.A．Unavoidably　 B．Finally C．Regularly　 D．Unfortunately 解析：D　根据空后的it was far from being published可知，作者写的故事根本不能出版，这是不幸的。 11.A．inform　 B．believe C．acknowledge　 D．mean 解析：C　根据空后的I should rewrite it可知，作者必须得承认要重新写这个故事。 12.A．spot　 B．doubt C．hide　 D．obey 解析：A　根据空前的I needed an editor可知，作者需要一个编辑，他可以发现作者的错误。 13.A．made out　 B．left off C．competed for　 D．took up 解析：D　根据下句中的Her feedback was so detailed可知，Jasmine Gower后来担任这个职位。take up the position意为“开始担任某个职位”。 14.A．secure　 B．honest C．suitable　 D．energetic 解析：C　根据空前的Her feedback was so detailed可知，Jasmine的反馈很详细，是作者寻找的合适的人选。 15.A．mind　 B．structure C．origin　 D．time 解析：B　根据空前的my book should balance 可知，此处指书要平衡结构。最后一段中的a well－balanced structure也是提示。 16.A．conclude　 B．continue C．promote　 D．follow 解析：A　根据后半句I found it hard to create a satisfying ending可知，作者是在为如何结束这个故事而苦苦挣扎。 17.A．commanded　 B．advised C．forced　 D．allowed 解析：B　根据下句中的With her advice可知，Jasmine给作者建议。 18.A．understand　 B．evaluate C．advocate　 D．predict 解析：D　根据空前的unexpected ending可知，意外的结局是读者无法预测的。 19.A．rule　 B．mode C．consequence　 D．threat 解析：C　根据后半句my dream of publishing the story was achieved可知，作者的故事出版了，这是最终发生的结果。 20.A．enjoy　 B．suggest C．finish　 D．resist 解析：D　根据下一段中的a well－balanced structure， characters， and a wonderful ending可知，作者写的故事很棒，所以读者们难以抵抗这个故事的诱惑。 21.A．reviews　 B．patents C．warnings　 D．applications 解析：A　根据空后的have truly warmed my heart可知，读者的评论温暖了作者的心。 22.A．average　 B．great C．short　 D．familiar 解析：B　根据空后的a well－balanced structure， characters， and a wonderful ending可知，作者的故事很棒。 23.A．decide　 B．fail C．offer　 D．learn 解析：A　根据空后的to write the next five books in my series可知，再写五本书是作者的决定。 Ⅲ．语法填空 　　（2026•河南省实验中学高二检测）While education and art had carried Zhou Yan out of her rural hometown in Hunan， she never 24.　　　　　 （true） forgot her roots．After graduating 25.　　　　　　 the China Academy of Art， she returned to the countryside．She was determined to help other “left－behind children” — those growing up without the presence of their parents — discover their identity and potential． 　　She founded the Dayuan Center for Community Arts and Culture．“I hope art can help the children find a way to express 26.　　　　　　（they），” 35－year－old Zhou said． 　　Every weekend， Zhou leads children into the hills to gather natural materials for crafts or to cook together．She also invites university volunteers to spend winter and summer breaks 27.　　　　　　 （teach） dance， music， and creative writing．“I do everything I can 28.　　　　　　　 （connect） the children with the outside world，” she explained． 　　Her efforts have born fruit already．One child， Jiang Zi’ao， was inspired by the volunteers’ cooking and built 29.　　　　　　 （confident）， dreaming of becoming a chef．Another， Liu Xuan， discovered a passion for the guqin， 30.　　　　　　 ancient instrument， and wanted to be a maker himself． 　　Over the past ten years， the Dayuan Center for Community Arts and Culture 31.　　　　　　 （help） nearly 10，000 children．Its 32.　　　　　　 （success） model is copied now in other villages．Zhou is among a growing number of young people 33.　　　　　　 choose to return to revitalize （使复兴） rural China．For her， a village blooms when its children find joy and meaning in their lives． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了周燕（音译）从农村走出后不忘本，回乡创立社区艺术文化中心帮助留守儿童，并取得成功的故事。 24.truly　考查副词。本空修饰动词forgot，应用副词作状语。故填truly。 25.from　考查介词。graduate from为固定短语，意为“从……毕业”。故填from。 26.themselves　考查反身代词。本空作动词express的宾语，应用反身代词。故填themselves。 27.teaching　考查非谓语动词。spend time （in） doing为固定短语，意为“花费时间做某事”，应用teach的动词－ing形式作宾语。故填teaching。 28.to connect　考查非谓语动词。本空作目的状语，表示“为了把孩子们和外面的世界联系起来”，应用动词不定式。故填to connect。 29.confidence　考查名词。本空作动词built的宾语，应用名词。故填confidence。 30.an　考查冠词。本空泛指“一种古老的乐器”，且ancient的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。 31.has helped　考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Over the past ten years可知，时态应用现在完成时，主语the Dayuan Center for Community Arts and Culture为第三人称单数，助动词应用has。故填has helped。 32.successful　考查形容词。本空修饰名词model，应用形容词作定语。故填successful。 33.who/that　考查定语从句。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词young people，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填who/that。 Ⅳ．应用文写作 　　（2026•太原五中高二期中）假定你是李华，学校将开展主题为“The keys to success”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 　　（1）你对成功的认识； 　　（2）以一位成功人士为例来说明； 　　（3）从其身上得到的启示。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式作答。 Ladies and gentlemen， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　Thank you all for listening! 参考范文： Ladies and gentlemen， 　　What is success？ I believe true success lies in making a great contribution to the world and benefiting all humanity． 　　The story of Chinese scientist Yuan Longping perfectly explains this．His dream was to solve China’s hunger problem．For decades， he worked in the rice fields， facing numerous failures．But his perseverance paid off．He finally developed hybrid rice， which has fed millions of people around the world． 　　From him， I learn that the keys to success are a great dream that serves others， and the perseverance to stick to it through all difficulties．Let’s dream big and work hard to make a difference! 　　Thank you all for listening! 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $