Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar—动词－ing形式(Word教参)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版)

本讲义聚焦高中英语动词-ing形式这一核心语法点，系统梳理其四种形式（not doing、having done、being done、having been done）及句法功能（主语、宾语、状语、定语等），通过“概念解析-用法归纳-实例探究-即时演练”的脉络构建学习支架，帮助学生逐步掌握。 该资料特色在于融合高考真题即时演练（如2024新课标Ⅱ卷、2023全国乙卷例句）提升语言能力，分维度练习（单句语法填空、语法与写作、语段练习）培养思维品质，课中教师可依托实例讲解，课后学生通过分层练习巩固，有效查漏补缺。

Section Ⅲ　Grammar —— 动词－ing形式 ①Learning without thinking leads to confusion； thinking without learning ends in danger． ②Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin． ③I’m sorry for having kept you waiting so long． ④Seeing that she was going off to sleep， I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed． ⑤Some teachers might be angry for not having been informed in advance． 【我的发现】 1.动词－ing形式在句中可以作主语、宾语和状语等。 2.动词－ing形式的否定形式是直接在前面加not。 3.动词－ing形式有一般式、完成式、一般被动式和完成被动式四种。 一、 概念 形式 所作句子成分 意义 （not） doing 主语、宾语、表语； 定语、状语、宾语补足语 主动 （not） having done 宾语；状语 主动 being done 主语、宾语；后置定语（表示正在被做） 被动 having been done 宾语；状语 被动 【即时演练 1】　用所给动词的适当形式填空 　①（2024•新课标Ⅱ卷）Recalling （recall） watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion， Edmondson said， “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang’s play was being performed．” ②（2023•全国乙卷） Having visited （visit） several times over the last 10 years， I was amazed by the co－existence of old and new， and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage （遗产） while constantly growing． 二、用法 1.作状语 （1）doing表示主动的动作，可以表示原因、条件、伴随等。作结果状语时，表示顺理成章的结果。 Finding her lost keys in the most unexpected place， she laughed at how careless she had been． 在最意想不到的地方找到了丢失的钥匙，她笑自己有多粗心。 （2）having done表示主动，该动作发生在主句谓语动词之前。 Having realized that the weather was getting worse， I decided to head home early． 意识到天气越来越差，我决定早些回家。 （3）having been done表示被动、完成的动作。 Having been separated from other continents for millions of years， Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world． 澳大利亚长期与大陆分离，有世界上许多其他国家没有的动植物。 【即时演练 2】　完成句子 　①The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red， gold， and orange， and there was frost on the ground， confirming that autumn had arrived in Canada． 窗外的灌木丛和枫树林呈红色、金色和橘黄色，地面盖着一层霜，表明加拿大已进入秋季。 ②Not having received any reply， he decided to write again． 没有收到任何回复，他决定再写一封信。 2.作定语 （1）doing表示主动的动作，如果是动词－ing短语，要置于所修饰的名词之后。 （2024•新课标Ⅰ卷）During the class， I painted a landscape featuring the towering green trees and the clear blue sky． 课上，我画了一幅风景画——高耸的绿树和清澈的蓝天。 （2）being done作后置定语，表示被动且正在进行的动作。 The question being discussed at the meeting now is very important． 正在会议上讨论的问题很重要。 【即时演练 3】　完成句子 ①Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV； there are pictures forming in your mind instead of before your eyes． 读书是与看电视不同的体验，图像在大脑中形成而不是在眼前。 ②The woman being interviewed is our English teacher． 正在接受采访的那位女士是我们的英语老师。 3.作主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语 （1）动词－ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the greatest dream for the nation in modern times． 实现伟大复兴，就是中华民族近代以来最伟大的梦想。 （2）动词－ing形式作表语时，有两种不同的含义。 My job is teaching． 我的工作是教书。（说明主语的内容） The news is exciting． 这条新闻很振奋人心。（说明主语的性质） （3）动词－ing形式可以作介词的宾语，也可以作动词的宾语。 （2025•全国一卷）The idea of giving clues about ourselves and letting others guess who we are is very exciting． 给出关于我们自己的线索，让别人猜测我们是谁的想法非常令人兴奋。 （4）作宾语补足语时，表示主动或正在进行的动作。如果是被动语态，那么，宾语补足语就变成主语补足语。 The boy who was caught cheating in the exam will be punished． 那个考试作弊被抓的男生将受到惩罚。 【即时演练 4】　完成句子 ①Seeing it once is better than being told 100 times． 百闻不如一见。 ②He is reading a book． 他正在读一本书。 ③Nothing can stop the plan from being carried out． 什么也阻止不了这个计划的实施。 ④I can see some kids playing on the playground． 我可以看到一些孩子在操场上玩耍。 三、常见的后面接动词－ing形式作宾语的动词（短语） 动词（短语） 后接动 词的形式 意义 finish， practice， enjoy， mind， avoid， admit， stand， appreciate， feel like， suggest， risk， consider， escape， miss， delay， dislike， imagine， understand， look forward to， insist on， be busy， can’t help， get down to， be worth doing ＋doing 词义不变 动词（短语） 后接动词的形式 意义 continue， like， love， begin， start，learn ＋doing 意义基 本相同 ＋to do go on， remember， forget， regret， try， mean， stop ＋doing 与已做的事有关 ＋to do 表示将来要做的事情 advise， allow， permit， forbid， encourage ＋doing 建议/允许/禁止/鼓励做某事 ＋sb to do sth 建议/允许/禁止/鼓励某人做某事 四、有关动词－ing形式的句型 spend some time doing sth花时间做某事 have fun/a good time/doing sth　做某事很愉快 have （no） difficulty doing sth　　做某事（没）有困难 catch sb doing sth　　发现某人做某事 There is no point doing sth　　做某事没有意义 There is no denying that ．．．　　毋庸置疑…… It’s no use/good doing sth　　做某事没有用/没好处 be worth doing　　值得做某事 be busy doing sth　　忙于做…… can’t help doing　　情不自禁做…… send sb doing sth 　　使得某人做某事 sth needs doing　　某事需要被做 end up doing sth　　最终做某事 【即时演练 5】　用所给动词的适当形式填空 　①（2023•全国乙卷）As a photographer， I have spent the last two years recording （record） everything I discovered． ②With the midterm examination approaching， we are busy going （go） over what we’ve learned this term． ③Samuel can’t help having （have） a big nose — it is typical of him to be curious about others’ affairs． 维度一：单句语法填空 1.（2025•1月浙江卷）“I really want to make this work for people’s lives today， and I know that doesn’t always mean returning （return） a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says． 2.（2024•新课标Ⅰ卷）The latest engineering （engineer） techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful． 3.（2023•新课标Ⅰ卷）No matter where I buy them， though， one steamer basket is rarely enough， yet two seems greedy， and so I am always left wanting （want） more next time． 4.（2023•新课标Ⅱ卷）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting （visit） Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas， which are on loan from China． 5.He injured his hand while operating （operate） one of the machine tools in the workshop． 6.That very morning， not having received （not receive） the letter she awaited， she decided to come back． 7.Having failed （fail） my French exams， I decided to concentrate on science subjects． 8.You should know your own faults before blaming （blame） others for theirs． 维度二：语法与写作 1.（2025•全国一卷）Such an inviting column， adopting a “description and guess” approach， must expose everyone to others， thus strengthening understanding between us．　（推介信） 这个引人入胜的专栏采用“描述与猜测”的方式，势必会让每个人都展现在他人面前，从而增进我们之间的了解。 2.Suddenly a man came running out of the wood． 突然有一个人从树林里跑了出来。 3.Covering an area of 840 square miles， the national park has beautiful lakes， mountains， and forests． 占地面积840平方英里，这个国家公园有美丽的湖泊、山脉和森林。 4.Having read page one， she turned over to page two． 读完第一页，她翻到了第二页。 5.Not having a good excuse for being late， she made up one． 她找不到迟到的好借口，就编造了一个。 6.As soon as they saw us coming， they turned tail and ran． 一看见我们来了， 他们掉头就跑。 7.Having been thoroughly cleaned， the garden looked more beautiful than ever before． 经过彻底清扫之后，这座花园比以往任何时候都美。 8.Folk songs are unlimited in form and subject matter， ranging from the very simple to the relatively complex． 民歌形式繁多、内容广泛，从十分简单的到相当复杂的不等。 维度三：语段练习 　　Li Hua and I are good friends．We often help each other with our studies．We practice 1.speaking English （说英语） together every morning．She considers 2.studying English （学习英语） at university because 3.reading English books （读英语书） is her favourite．However， I don’t enjoy 4.translating from Chinese to English （把汉语翻译成英语） so I dream of 5.majoring in maths （主修数学） at university.6.Being a math teacher （做一名数学老师） is my dream job．I dislike 7.departing with Li Hua （和李华分开） and I look forward to 8.keeping in touch with her （和她保持联系） as often as possible in the future． 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $