Unit 6 Beyond Earth（重难词汇精练）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 以“Beyond Earth”主题为载体，构建“基础词汇-语境应用-语篇综合”三阶训练体系，强化词汇从认知到运用的逻辑递进，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|40词+46短语+12词形转换|汉译英、短语匹配、词形变化|从核心词汇（如telescope, launch）到派生拓展（如weightless→weight），构建主题词汇网络| |词汇语境练|20词形填空+15提示填空+15单选+10完成句子|单句语法填空、情景选择、句子翻译|依托太空探索情境，考查词汇在语法（时态、语态）和语义（固定搭配）中的应用| |词汇语篇练|1完形+1选词填空+1短文填空|语篇综合填空、主题短文补全|通过火星探索、嫦娥六号等语篇，实现词汇从单句到语篇的连贯运用，培养语境理解能力|

Unit 6 Beyond Earth词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 1、 汉译英 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.______________ prep. 超出；在…… 较远的一边 adv. 在（或向）更远处 2.___________________ n. 任务；使命 3.___________________ n. 望远镜 4.___________________ n. 探测器；漫游者 5.___________________ adj. 载人的；需人操作的 6.___________________ v.&n. 发射；发起 7.___________________ adj. 失重的；无重量的 8.___________________ n. 活动；运动 9.___________________ adj. 睡着（的） 10.___________________ 入睡 11.___________________ v. 系上；束紧 n. 领带 12.___________________ n. 地质；地质学 13.___________________ n. 人造卫星；卫星 14.___________________ adj. 疯狂的；不理智的 15.___________________ 人；人类 16.___________________ v. 要求；需要 17.___________________ v. 取消；终止 18.___________________ v. 刊登；出版 19.___________________ n. 火箭 20.___________________ n. 系外行星 21.___________________ adj. 太阳的；太阳能的 22.___________________ n. 神 23.___________________ adj. 神秘的；奇怪的 24.___________________ n.(pl.spacecraft) 宇宙飞船 25.___________________ 以防万一 26.___________________ n. 板；牌子 27.___________________ 在船（或火车、飞机）上 28.___________________ num. 十亿 29.___________________ num. 万亿；兆 30.___________________ v. 合作；协作 31.___________________ 与…… 合作 32.___________________ n. 星系 33.___________________ 访问；参观（某地） 34.___________________ n. 想象；想象力 35.___________________ n. 期望；希望 36._________ n. 技艺；工艺 (pl.craft) 飞行器；船 37.___________________ n.（航天）飞船 38.___________________ n. 测绘；民意调查 39._________________ adj. 人（太）多的；拥挤的 40.___________________ v. 操作；运行 二、重点短语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.___________________ 太空项目 2.___________________ 登陆火星 3.___________________ 一次登月任务 4.___________________ 载人任务 5.___________________ 做…… 有困难 6.___________________ 在太空 7.___________________ 做一些实验 8.___________________ 从…… 中选择 9.___________________ 被束缚；受限制 10.___________________ 转身；调转 11.___________________ 在宇宙中 12.___________________ 为…… 而研制 13.___________________ 给某人举个例子 14.___________________ 处理；应对 15.___________________ 在遥远的将来 16.___________________ 找到新资源 17.___________________ 用完；耗尽 18.___________________ 在那种情况下 19.___________________ 被制成…… 20.___________________ 对…… 做研究 21.___________________ 去往…… 的旅行 22.___________________ 很长一段时间 23.___________________ 充满…… 24.___________________ 成千上万的 25.___________________ 到目前为止 26.___________________ 为…… 所熟知 27.___________________ 四处移动；绕…… 运转 28.___________________ 太阳系 29.___________________ 随着技术进步 30.___________________ 与…… 相似 31.___________________ 对…… 感到兴奋 32.___________________ 抬头仰望 33.___________________ 古代文化 34.___________________ 以防万一 35.___________________ 与某人合作 36.___________________ 思考；考虑 37.___________________ 居住在空间站 38.___________________ 入睡 39.___________________ 脚踏实地；务实 40.___________________ 踏上；登陆（某地） 41.___________________ 探索月球 42.___________________ 相当多 43.______________ 对某人来说做…… 的好地方 44.___________________ 在我的有生之年 45.___________________ 对…… 有用 46.___________________ 在太空度假 47.___________________ 能够做某事 三、词汇拓展（单词变形） 1.weightless (adj.) 失重的；无重量的 → ________________ (n.) 重量 → ________________ (adj.) 重的；有分量的 2.asleep (adj.) 睡着（的） → ________________ (v./n.) 睡觉 → ________________ (adj.) 困倦的 3.tie (v.) 系上；束紧 (n.) 领带 → ________________ (adj.) 捆绑的 → ________________ (v.) 解开 4.crazy (adj.) 疯狂的；不理智的 → ________________ (adv.) 疯狂地 → ________________ (n.) 疯狂 5.require (v.) 要求；需要 → ________________ (n.) 要求；必需品 6.cancel (v.) 取消；终止 → ________________ (n.) 取消 7.publish (v.) 刊登；出版 → ________________ (n.) 出版；出版物 → ________________ (n.) 出版商 8.mysterious (adj.) 神秘的；奇怪的 → ________________ (n.) 神秘；谜 → ________________ (adv.) 神秘地 9.cooperate (v.) 合作；协作 → ________________ (n.) 合作 → ________________ (adj.) 合作的 10.imagination (n.) 想象；想象力 → ________________ (v.) 想象 → ________________ (adj.) 富有想象力的 11.crowded (adj.) 人（太）多的；拥挤的 → ________________ (n.) 人群 (v.) 挤满 12.operate (v.) 操作；运行 → ________________ (n.) 操作；手术 → ________________ (n.) 操作员；接线员 一、用所给单词适当形式填空 1．The old rocket ____________ (launch) ten years ago. 2．This is a ____________ (manned) spacecraft. No people are on it. 3．The ____________ (complete) of this project will take two years. 4．They are exploring the possibility of ________ (live) on Mars. 5．He always sets new goals for himself at the ________ (begin) of the year. 6．You’d better wear a mask in ________ (crowd) places to protect yourself. 7．Many illnesses are ________ (cause) by unhealthy living habits. 8．The doctor tells us that Tim needs to be ________ (operate) on at once. 9．So far, China ________ (make) great progress in the field of space technology. 10．It is important to keep safe during cave ________ (explore). 11．It must be difficult ________ (fall) asleep if you need to be tied down! 12．You shouldn’t waste water ________ (resource) because they will run out soon. 13．The Xuntian telescope ________ (weigh) about 15,550 kilograms. 14．These ________ (technology) can then be used to help build stations on Mars and other planets. 15．The space station ________ (use) to do research on biology since 2022. 16．Many satellites ________ (send) into space every year to help with communication. 17．Humans are curious about those unknown ________ (exoplanet). 18．The team finished the difficult space ________ (mission) successfully. 19．Many ________ (mystery) things in space attract young scientists. 20．The astronauts have to be ________ (tie) down so they don’t float away. 二、根据汉语提示填空 1．The ________ (探测器) is moving on the surface of Mars. 2．Many ________ (宇航员) have made great achievements in space. 3．The spacecraft was launched into space by a powerful ________ (火箭). 4．The ________ (任务) to the moon will start next month. 5．They reached an agreement to ________ (合作) on the project for the next three years. 6．It is illegal (违法的) to ________ (出版) his book without the author’s agreement. 7．After that, heat it up so that the mixture will melt ________ (完全地). 8．Space tour guides will lead people to the moon and ______ (在更远处). 9．He is used to working and living in the ______ (失重的) environment. 10．To be honest, I didn’t know whether he was ______ (睡着) or awake at that time. 11．This experience made us realize that protecting the environment ________ (需要) everybody’s effort. 12．Young doctors are ________ (要求) to avoid making mistakes in the doctor-patient relationship. 13．It is hoped that a ________ (载人的) mission to the moon will follow. 14．Each ________ (人造卫星) sends radio signals to the Earth with information. 15．China produces two thirds of the world’s ________ (太阳能的) energy. 三、单项选择 1．The astronauts must keep healthy, because they will live ________ a space station for months. A．on B．in C．at D．to 2．The new space ________ will send more astronauts to the moon next year. A．mission B．telescope C．rover D．surface 3．—Do you think people will live on other planets in the future? —It is ________, but we still need more research. A．possible B．impossible C．real D．true 4．—What does “beyond Earth” mean? —It means places ________ our planet Earth. A．behind B．beside C．beyond D．between 5．—Will the rocket ________ tomorrow morning? —Yes, it will start its space trip. A．launch B．land C．maintain D．complete 6．Many scientists hope human beings can ________ foot on Mars one day. A．set B．put C．get D．take 7．China’s space team often ________ other countries in space research. A．cooperates with B．sets foot on C．falls asleep D．speeds up 8．You should take some water with you ________ you feel thirsty in the trip. A．so that B．in case C．even if D．as if 9．—Will life ________ on another planet? —Scientists are still working on this question. A．find B．found C．be found D．have found 10．—How does it feel to be weightless? —It’s so much fun! I can move everywhere by ________ against the wall. A．push B．pushed C．pushing D．to push 11．— ________ will you be visited by other astronauts? — Two astronauts will arrive next month. A．When B．What C．Where D．Why 12．The space station ________ in the sky at night if the weather is clear. A．can see B．can be seen C．saw D．has seen 13．The ________ of human space travel excites all science lovers. A．expectation B．sadness C．anxiety D．balance 14．The little boy ________ quickly after reading the space story. A．fell asleep B．wore out C．boosted D．recalled 15．I wonder ________ we will be able to live on Mars one day. A．that B．if C．what D．when 4、 完成句子 1．虽然机器人很聪明，但它们永远无法完全取代人类。 Although robots are very smart, they can never ________ take the place of ________ ________. 2．对于载人太空飞行而言，前往恒星的挑战则变得更加艰巨了。 The challenge of visiting the stars gets even bigger for ________ with humans. 3．从来没有人踏上过那座孤岛。 No one has ever ________ ________ ________ that lonely island. 4．可能需要几十万年的时间才能到达那里。 It might take ________ ________ ________ of years to get there. 5．有人认为，如果有水存在，那么很可能也会有外星生命存在。 It ________ ________ ________ if there is water, there might also be alien life. 6．这将是一个非常适合科学家们合作并共同进行太空研究的场所。 It will be a good place for scientists to ________ and ________ ________ ________. 7．轻柔的音乐帮他很快入睡。 The soft music helped him ________ ________ soon. 8．总有一天，每个人都会明白你选择的意义。 ________ ________, everyone will understand the meaning of your choice. 9．然而，随着“科学和技术”的进步，我们逐渐了解了关于恒星的真相。 However, as ________ ________ ________ developed, we learnt the truth about stars. 10．我打算早点去那里，以防人太多。 I’m going there early ________ ________ there are too many people. 5、 选词填空 从方框中选择正确形式填空。 set foot on, in case, on board, fall asleep, cooperate with, launch a rocket, run out of, in time, human being, cancel the trip 1．We will foreign scientists for space tasks. 2．No one Mars before Zhurong landed there. 3．Take enough supplies you stay in space long. 4．All equipment the spaceship needs checking. 5．It’s difficult without fixing your body. 6．The team plans to tomorrow morning. 7．Earth will natural resources hundreds of years later. 8．We arrived to watch the live launch show. 9．Every has a dream of space exploration. 10．They because of terrible weather last month. 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Human beings are always looking for new worlds beyond Earth. Nowadays, more and more space missions 1 . Many countries hope to send rovers to other planets. Mars is our nearest neighbour. A lot of scientists believe that people may 2 on Mars in the future. But living there is not easy. The environment on Mars is very different 3 that on Earth. There is little air and water. A new manned spacecraft 4 to Mars in the coming years. Astronauts will 5 out different experiments there. They will collect rocks and soil, and send the information back to Earth. Some people worry about space pollution. Rubbish from old rockets and satellites 6 around in space. New laws to stop this problem. Space exploration is not just for fun. It helps us know more about our universe. It also teaches us to 8 with other countries. No matter how hard it is, human beings will keep moving forward 9 space. We believe more amazing discoveries 80 in the near future. 1．A．are carried out B．will carry out C．were carried out D．carry out 2．A．set foot B．put foot C．get feet D．take feet 3．A．with B．from C．to D．for 4．A．will send B．will be sent C．is sent D．was sent 5．A．make B．get C．carry D．take 6．A．fly B．flies C．is flying D．flew 7．A．will make B．will be made C．are making D．were made 8．A．cooperate B．compete C．argue D．fight 9．A．in B．on C．into D．at 10．A．will make B．will be made C．are made D．were made 二、选词填空 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。      kilogram     take     successful     do     it     first     however    help       well       hard What is the far side of the moon like? Dark, cold and empty. But it will soon have a visitor—China’s Chang’e 6 probe (探测器). The Chang’e 6 probe will be the 1 probe in the world to take stone and soil samples (土壤样本) from the moon’s far side. The probe was sent up 2 from Hainan on May 3. Humans have 3 ten tasks to the moon to bring back moon samples, including China’s Chang’e 5 task in 2020. 4 , all these tasks so far have only visited the side of the moon that faces Earth. Because the moon turns at the same speed as it moves around Earth, we can never see the far side of the moon. This makes it 5 to stay in communication with any spaceship that goes there.   To 6 the Chang’e 6 space probe “talk” to Earth, China sent a new relay satellite (中继卫星) called Queqiao 2 into space to travel around the moon. The Chang’e 6 probe also has new smart tools to help it collect samples 7 than before. “Even if the probe loses communication with Earth, it can do important work by 8 ,” the scientist Wang Qiong said. The Chang’e 6 task to the moon will 9 fifty-three days. During this time, the probe will land on the moon. There, it will collect up to two 10 of stone and soil to bring back to Earth. Scientists will study these samples to learn more about the moon. 三、短文填空 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 There are many stories and poems about the moon in Chinese history. And nowadays scientists send spacecraft to the moon. Why? Because people are always interested 1 the moon and want 2 (know) more about it. Here is some information about it. Let’s see it together. The moon looks beautiful and bright at night. It is far away from the Earth and if you want to get to the moon, it 3 (take) you about 6 months to get there at 5 km per hour. There is 4 (little) gravity on the moon, 5 people can enjoy 6 (float) there. If you weigh 68 kg on Earth, you will weigh only about 11 kg on the moon. There are many interesting places such as craters (陨石坑), mountains, and lava plains (熔岩平原) on the moon. There is no air on the moon, so people can’t 7 (breath) on it. On Earth, the day is usually warm and the night is cool. And there are four different 8 (season) in a year. But on the moon, the temperature is very high during the day and very low at night. And a full day on the moon, from the sunrise to the next, lasts about 2.5 Earth days on average (平均). The moon doesn’t have 9 (it) own light. It looks bright because it can reflect (反射) light from the sun. 10 the moon moves around the Earth, it gets different light from the sun. So we find its shape often changes. $Unit 6 Beyond Earth词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 1、 汉译英 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.______________ prep. 超出；在…… 较远的一边 adv. 在（或向）更远处 2.___________________ n. 任务；使命 3.___________________ n. 望远镜 4.___________________ n. 探测器；漫游者 5.___________________ adj. 载人的；需人操作的 6.___________________ v.&n. 发射；发起 7.___________________ adj. 失重的；无重量的 8.___________________ n. 活动；运动 9.___________________ adj. 睡着（的） 10.___________________ 入睡 11.___________________ v. 系上；束紧 n. 领带 12.___________________ n. 地质；地质学 13.___________________ n. 人造卫星；卫星 14.___________________ adj. 疯狂的；不理智的 15.___________________ 人；人类 16.___________________ v. 要求；需要 17.___________________ v. 取消；终止 18.___________________ v. 刊登；出版 19.___________________ n. 火箭 20.___________________ n. 系外行星 21.___________________ adj. 太阳的；太阳能的 22.___________________ n. 神 23.___________________ adj. 神秘的；奇怪的 24.___________________ n.(pl.spacecraft) 宇宙飞船 25.___________________ 以防万一 26.___________________ n. 板；牌子 27.___________________ 在船（或火车、飞机）上 28.___________________ num. 十亿 29.___________________ num. 万亿；兆 30.___________________ v. 合作；协作 31.___________________ 与…… 合作 32.___________________ n. 星系 33.___________________ 访问；参观（某地） 34.___________________ n. 想象；想象力 35.___________________ n. 期望；希望 36._________ n. 技艺；工艺 (pl.craft) 飞行器；船 37.___________________ n.（航天）飞船 38.___________________ n. 测绘；民意调查 39._________________ adj. 人（太）多的；拥挤的 40.___________________ v. 操作；运行 【答案】 1.beyond 2.mission 3.telescope 4.rover 5.manned 6.launch 7.weightless 8.movement 9.asleep 10.fall asleep 11.tie 12.geology 13.satellite 14.crazy 15.human being 16.require 17.cancel 18.publish 19.rocket 20.exoplanet 21.solar 22.god 23.mysterious 24.spacecraft 25.in case 26.board 27.on board 28.billion 29.trillion 30.cooperate 31.cooperate with 32.galaxy 33.set foot on 34.imagination 35.expectation 36.craft 37.spaceship 38.survey 39.crowded 40.operate 二、重点短语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.___________________ 太空项目 2.___________________ 登陆火星 3.___________________ 一次登月任务 4.___________________ 载人任务 5.___________________ 做…… 有困难 6.___________________ 在太空 7.___________________ 做一些实验 8.___________________ 从…… 中选择 9.___________________ 被束缚；受限制 10.___________________ 转身；调转 11.___________________ 在宇宙中 12.___________________ 为…… 而研制 13.___________________ 给某人举个例子 14.___________________ 处理；应对 15.___________________ 在遥远的将来 16.___________________ 找到新资源 17.___________________ 用完；耗尽 18.___________________ 在那种情况下 19.___________________ 被制成…… 20.___________________ 对…… 做研究 21.___________________ 去往…… 的旅行 22.___________________ 很长一段时间 23.___________________ 充满…… 24.___________________ 成千上万的 25.___________________ 到目前为止 26.___________________ 为…… 所熟知 27.___________________ 四处移动；绕…… 运转 28.___________________ 太阳系 29.___________________ 随着技术进步 30.___________________ 与…… 相似 31.___________________ 对…… 感到兴奋 32.___________________ 抬头仰望 33.___________________ 古代文化 34.___________________ 以防万一 35.___________________ 与某人合作 36.___________________ 思考；考虑 37.___________________ 居住在空间站 38.___________________ 入睡 39.___________________ 脚踏实地；务实 40.___________________ 踏上；登陆（某地） 41.___________________ 探索月球 42.___________________ 相当多 43.______________ 对某人来说做…… 的好地方 44.___________________ 在我的有生之年 45.___________________ 对…… 有用 46.___________________ 在太空度假 47.___________________ 能够做某事 【答案】 1.space programme 2.land on Mars 3.a mission to the moon 4.manned mission 5.be difficult about doing 6.in space 7.do some experiments 8.choose from 9.be tied down 10.turn around 11.in the universe 12.developed for… 13.give sb an example 14.deal with 15.in the far future 16.find new resources 17.run out of 18.in that case 19.be made into 20.do research on 21.the trip to 22.for a long time 23.be filled with 24.thousands of 25.so far 26.be known to 27.move around 28.solar system 29.as technology improves 30.be similar to 31.be excited about 32.look up at 33.ancient cultures 34.in case 35.cooperate with sb 36.think about 37.live on a space station 38.fall asleep 39.keep one's feet on the ground 40.set foot on 41.explore the moon 42.quite a few 43.a good place for sb to do 44.during my lifetime 45.be useful to… 46.spend holidays on space 47.be able to do sth. 三、词汇拓展（单词变形） 1.weightless (adj.) 失重的；无重量的 → ________________ (n.) 重量 → ________________ (adj.) 重的；有分量的 2.asleep (adj.) 睡着（的） → ________________ (v./n.) 睡觉 → ________________ (adj.) 困倦的 3.tie (v.) 系上；束紧 (n.) 领带 → ________________ (adj.) 捆绑的 → ________________ (v.) 解开 4.crazy (adj.) 疯狂的；不理智的 → ________________ (adv.) 疯狂地 → ________________ (n.) 疯狂 5.require (v.) 要求；需要 → ________________ (n.) 要求；必需品 6.cancel (v.) 取消；终止 → ________________ (n.) 取消 7.publish (v.) 刊登；出版 → ________________ (n.) 出版；出版物 → ________________ (n.) 出版商 8.mysterious (adj.) 神秘的；奇怪的 → ________________ (n.) 神秘；谜 → ________________ (adv.) 神秘地 9.cooperate (v.) 合作；协作 → ________________ (n.) 合作 → ________________ (adj.) 合作的 10.imagination (n.) 想象；想象力 → ________________ (v.) 想象 → ________________ (adj.) 富有想象力的 11.crowded (adj.) 人（太）多的；拥挤的 → ________________ (n.) 人群 (v.) 挤满 12.operate (v.) 操作；运行 → ________________ (n.) 操作；手术 → ________________ (n.) 操作员；接线员 【答案】 1.weight；weighty 2.sleep；sleepy 3.tied；untie 4.crazily；craziness 5.requirement 6.cancellation 7.publication；publisher 8.mystery；mysteriously 9.cooperation；cooperative 10.imagine；imaginative 11.crowd 12.operation；operator 一、用所给单词适当形式填空 1．The old rocket ____________ (launch) ten years ago. 【答案】was launched 【详解】句意：这枚旧火箭于十年前发射。主语The old rocket和launch之间是被动关系，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，一般过去时被动语态结构为was/were+过去分词，主语为单数，故填was launched。 2．This is a ____________ (manned) spacecraft. No people are on it. 【答案】unmanned 【详解】句意：这是一艘无人驾驶的宇宙飞船，上面没有人。根据后一句“No people are on it”可知飞船上无人，manned意为“载人的”，其反义词unmanned意为“无人驾驶的”，修饰名词spacecraft，因此填unmanned。 3．The ____________ (complete) of this project will take two years. 【答案】completion 【详解】句意：这个项目的完工将耗时两年。空处位于定冠词The和介词of中间，应填名词作主语。故填completion。 4．They are exploring the possibility of ________ (live) on Mars. 【答案】living 【详解】句意：他们正在探索在火星上生活的可能性。句中of为介词，介词后面接动词时，动词要变为动名词形式，live的动名词变化是去掉不发音的e再加-ing，故填living。 5．He always sets new goals for himself at the ________ (begin) of the year. 【答案】beginning 【详解】句意：他总是在年初为自己设定新目标。短语at the beginning of，表示“在……的开端”，需要将动词begin转换为名词beginning。 6．You’d better wear a mask in ________ (crowd) places to protect yourself. 【答案】crowded 【详解】句意：你最好在拥挤的地方佩戴口罩来保护自己。crowd“人群、拥挤”，句中“places”为名词，前面需要用形容词修饰，crowd的形容词形式是crowded，意为“拥挤的”。 7．Many illnesses are ________ (cause) by unhealthy living habits. 【答案】caused 【详解】句意：许多疾病是由不健康的生活习惯引起的。cause意为“引起”，和主语illness“疾病”之间是被动关系，且句子陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构是“am/is/are+动词的过去分词”，cause的过去分词是caused。 8．The doctor tells us that Tim needs to be ________ (operate) on at once. 【答案】operated 【详解】句意：医生说蒂姆需要马上手术。Tim和operate之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态，结构为“be动词+过去分词”，空前有be，动词operate的过去分词为operated。 9．So far, China ________ (make) great progress in the field of space technology. 【答案】has made 【详解】句意：到目前为止，中国在航天技术领域取得了巨大进步。句中的时间状语“So far”意为“到目前为止”，是现在完成时的标志词，因此本句应用现在完成时态，其构成为“have/has+过去分词”；主语“China”是第三人称单数，因此助动词使用“has”，动词“make”的过去分词是“made”。 10．It is important to keep safe during cave ________ (explore). 【答案】exploration 【详解】句意：在洞穴探险期间保持安全是很重要的。句中“during”为介词，其后需接名词或动名词作宾语。动词explore对应的名词形式为exploration，不可数名词，表示“探险；探索”，符合句意，应填exploration。 11．It must be difficult ________ (fall) asleep if you need to be tied down! 【答案】to fall 【详解】句意：如果你受到束缚，入睡一定很难。 固定句型“It is difficult to do sth.”表示“做某事很困难”，此处需要动词不定式作真正主语，故填to fall。 12．You shouldn’t waste water ________ (resource) because they will run out soon. 【答案】resources 【详解】句意：你不应该浪费水资源，因为它们很快将会耗光。resource“资源”，是可数名词，后半句中的主语“they”，为复数形式，指代前半句中的名词resource，所以此处应用其复数形式 resources。 13．The Xuntian telescope ________ (weigh) about 15,550 kilograms. 【答案】weighs 【详解】句意：巡天望远镜重约15,550公斤。句子陈述的是客观事实，要用一般现在时。主语“The Xuntian telescope”是单数的事物，属于第三人称单数，谓语动词weigh“重”要变为第三人称单数形式，即在词尾加-s，故填weighs。 14．These ________ (technology) can then be used to help build stations on Mars and other planets. 【答案】technologies 【详解】句意：这些技术随后可用于帮助在火星及其他行星上建设站点。根据“These”可知，此处应用名词复数形式。technology的复数形式为technologies。 15．The space station ________ (use) to do research on biology since 2022. 【答案】has been used 【详解】句意：自2022年以来，这个空间站一直被用于进行生物学研究。此处需要填谓语，根据“since 2022”可知，时态为现在完成时，主语“The space station”与use之间为被动关系，现在完成时的被动语态结构为“have/has+been+过去分词”，主语为单数，助动词用has，use的过去分词为used，故用“has been used”。 16．Many satellites ________ (send) into space every year to help with communication. 【答案】are sent 【详解】句意：每年许多卫星被送入太空以帮助通信。根据时间状语every year可知，应用一般现在时；主语Many satellites为复数，且与send之间为被动关系，故用被动语态are sent。 17．Humans are curious about those unknown ________ (exoplanet). 【答案】exoplanets 【详解】句意：人类对那些未知的系外行星非常好奇。exoplanet意为“系外行星”，可数名词，前有those修饰，应用其复数形式exoplanets。 18．The team finished the difficult space ________ (mission) successfully. 【答案】mission 【详解】句意：这个团队成功完成了这项艰巨的太空任务。句中the difficult修饰后面的名词，此处指这一项太空任务，用单数名词即可，mission“任务”本身为名词。 19．Many ________ (mystery) things in space attract young scientists. 【答案】mysterious 【详解】句意：太空中许多神秘的事物吸引着年轻的科学家。mystery“神秘的事物”，句中“things”为名词，前面需要用形容词修饰，mystery的形容词形式是mysterious，意为“神秘的”。 20．The astronauts have to be ________ (tie) down so they don’t float away. 【答案】tied 【详解】句意：宇航员必须被系住，这样他们才不会飘走。主语astronauts和tie之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态be tied down，故填tied。 二、根据汉语提示填空 1．The ________ (探测器) is moving on the surface of Mars. 【答案】rover 【详解】句意：探测器正在火星表面移动。空格处在定冠词The后，需用名词形式作主语，由is可知，主语为单数。“探测器”译为rover，符合句意。应填rover。 2．Many ________ (宇航员) have made great achievements in space. 【答案】astronauts 【详解】句意：许多宇航员在太空中取得了巨大成就。空格前有“Many”（许多），后面应接可数名词复数形式，作主语；根据中文“宇航员”可知，对应的英文单词是astronaut，其复数需加s，故填astronauts。 3．The spacecraft was launched into space by a powerful ________ (火箭). 【答案】rocket 【详解】句意：这艘航天器是由一枚强大的火箭发射进入太空的。“火箭”的英文为rocket。根据前面的不定冠词a可知，此处需填可数名词的单数形式，故填rocket。 4．The ________ (任务) to the moon will start next month. 【答案】mission 【详解】句意：登月任务将于下个月启动。括号内中文提示“任务”对应名词mission，定冠词The后可接单数名词，表示特指这一项登月任务，故填mission。 5．They reached an agreement to ________ (合作) on the project for the next three years. 【答案】cooperate 【详解】句意：他们达成协议，在未来三年内就该项目进行合作。“to”在此处为不定式符号，后接动词原形。“合作”的英文为cooperate，故填cooperate。 6．It is illegal (违法的) to ________ (出版) his book without the author’s agreement. 【答案】publish 【详解】句意：未经作者许可出版他的书籍是违法行为。本句句型为It is+adj.+to do sth.，不定式to后使用动词原形。publish为动词，意为“出版”。 7．After that, heat it up so that the mixture will melt ________ (完全地). 【答案】completely 【详解】句意：之后，加热以便混合物完全融化。“完全地”可译为completely，副词修饰动词melt。故填completely。 8．Space tour guides will lead people to the moon and ______ (在更远处). 【答案】beyond 【详解】句意：太空导游将带领人们前往月球以及更远处。beyond作副词时，含义是“在更远处；往更远处”，“to the moon and beyond”是固定表达，意为“到月球以及更远的地方”。 9．He is used to working and living in the ______ (失重的) environment. 【答案】weightless 【详解】句意：他习惯了在失重环境中工作和生活。汉语提示“失重的”，weightless“失重的”，形容词作定语修饰名词environment。 10．To be honest, I didn’t know whether he was ______ (睡着) or awake at that time. 【答案】asleep 【详解】句意：说实话，我当时不知道他是睡着了还是醒着的。空格前有be动词was，后接并列的形容词awake作表语，此处需要填入表示“睡着的状态”的形容词。asleep是典型的表语形容词，专门用来描述人已经入睡的状态，完全匹配句子结构要求。故填asleep。 11．This experience made us realize that protecting the environment ________ (需要) everybody’s effort. 【答案】requires 【详解】句意：这次经历让我们意识到保护环境需要每个人的努力。空格处在宾语从句中作谓语，require“需要”，动词。主语protecting the environment是动名词作主语，视作单数，从句陈述客观真理，谓语动词使用一般现在时，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式requires。 12．Young doctors are ________ (要求) to avoid making mistakes in the doctor-patient relationship. 【答案】required 【详解】句意：年轻医生被要求在医患关系中避免犯错。主语Young doctors和动词“要求”之间是被动关系，固定搭配be required to do sth.（被要求做某事），因此应填required。 13．It is hoped that a ________ (载人的) mission to the moon will follow. 【答案】manned 【详解】句意：人们希望接下来会开展载人登月任务。括号内提示中文“载人的”，对应形容词manned，在句中作定语修饰后面的名词mission“飞行任务”。 14．Each ________ (人造卫星) sends radio signals to the Earth with information. 【答案】satellite 【详解】句意：每颗卫星都会向地球发送携带信息的无线电信号。汉语提示“人造卫星”对应的单词为satellite，为可数名词。“sends”此处需用名词单数作主语。 15．China produces two thirds of the world’s ________ (太阳能的) energy. 【答案】solar 【详解】句意：中国生产世界三分之二的太阳能。此处需要形容词修饰名词energy，“太阳能的”对应的英文单词为solar。 三、单项选择 1．The astronauts must keep healthy, because they will live ________ a space station for months. A．on B．in C．at D．to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：宇航员必须保持健康，因为他们将在空间站上生活数月。on在……上；in在……里；at在……；to到……。on a space station为固定搭配，意为“在空间站上”，应用on。 2．The new space ________ will send more astronauts to the moon next year. A．mission B．telescope C．rover D．surface 【答案】A 【详解】句意：新的太空任务将在明年派遣更多宇航员前往月球。mission任务；telescope望远镜；rover漫游车；surface表面。根据“send more astronauts to the moon”可知，此处指载人航天任务，telescope用于观测，rover用于星球表面探测，surface意为表面，均不符合语境。 3．—Do you think people will live on other planets in the future? —It is ________, but we still need more research. A．possible B．impossible C．real D．true 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你认为未来人们会住在其他星球上吗？——这是可能的，但我们仍然需要更多的研究。 possible可能的；impossible不可能的；real真实的；true真的。根据答语后半句“but we still need more research”可知，事情尚未确定但具有可行性，并非完全不可能或已经是事实，推测出这是“可能的”，应填possible。 4．—What does “beyond Earth” mean? —It means places ________ our planet Earth. A．behind B．beside C．beyond D．between 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——“beyond Earth”是什么意思？——它意味着我们的地球之外的地方。behind在……后面；beside在……旁边；beyond在……之外；between在……之间。根据问句“What does ‘beyond Earth’ mean?”可知，答语是在解释“beyond Earth”的含义，即“地球之外”的地方，应用介词beyond。 5．—Will the rocket ________ tomorrow morning? —Yes, it will start its space trip. A．launch B．land C．maintain D．complete 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——火箭明天早上会发射吗？——是的，它将开始它的太空之旅。 launch发射；land着陆；maintain维护；complete完成。根据“the rocket”和答语“Yes, it will start its space trip.”可知，火箭将要开始太空之旅，推测问的是火箭是否会发射，launch符合语境。 6．Many scientists hope human beings can ________ foot on Mars one day. A．set B．put C．get D．take 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多科学家希望人类有一天能踏上火星。set放置；put放；get得到；take拿。根据“foot on Mars”可知，此处考查固定短语set foot on…，意为“踏上……，涉足……”。 7．China’s space team often ________ other countries in space research. A．cooperates with B．sets foot on C．falls asleep D．speeds up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国航天团队经常在太空研究方面与其他国家合作。 cooperates with与……合作；sets foot on踏上；falls asleep入睡；speeds up加速。根据句意可知，在太空研究领域与其他国家应是“合作”关系，cooperates with符合语境。 8．You should take some water with you ________ you feel thirsty in the trip. A．so that B．in case C．even if D．as if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你应该随身带些水，以防你在旅途中感到口渴。 so that目的是；in case以防、万一；even if即使；as if好像、似乎。根据语境，带水是为了预防旅途中可能发生的口渴情况，“in case”表示预防某种情况发生，符合句意。 9．—Will life ________ on another planet? —Scientists are still working on this question. A．find B．found C．be found D．have found 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——生命会在另一个星球上被发现吗？——科学家们仍在研究这个问题。 主语life与动词find之间是被动关系，表示“生命被发现”。will是情态动词，后接动词原形，被动语态结构为will be done，C选项“be found”符合语境。 10．—How does it feel to be weightless? —It’s so much fun! I can move everywhere by ________ against the wall. A．push B．pushed C．pushing D．to push 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——处于失重状态是什么感觉？——太有意思了！我可以通过推墙的方式到处移动。 句中by是介词，介词后接动词时需要使用动名词doing形式，by+doing结构表示“通过做某事的方式”，结合语境此处表示通过推墙的方式移动，应填pushing。 11．— ________ will you be visited by other astronauts? — Two astronauts will arrive next month. A．When B．What C．Where D．Why 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——其他宇航员将什么时候拜访你？——两名宇航员将于下个月到达。 When什么时候；What什么；Where哪里；Why为什么。根据答语“Two astronauts will arrive next month.”可知回答的是时间，所以问句询问的是什么时候。应选When。 12．The space station ________ in the sky at night if the weather is clear. A．can see B．can be seen C．saw D．has seen 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果天气晴朗，夜晚在天空中可以看到空间站。 句子主语The space station与动词see之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即空间站是“被看到”的对象，需要使用被动语态，结合选项，此处结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”。 13．The ________ of human space travel excites all science lovers. A．expectation B．sadness C．anxiety D．balance 【答案】A 【详解】句意：对人类太空旅行的期待让所有的科学爱好者感到兴奋。 expectation期待；sadness悲伤；anxiety焦虑；balance平衡。根据“excites all science lovers”可知是令人兴奋的事情，推测出是对太空旅行的期待。应填expectation。 14．The little boy ________ quickly after reading the space story. A．fell asleep B．wore out C．boosted D．recalled 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个小男孩读完太空故事后很快就睡着了。 fell asleep入睡；wore out磨损/使精疲力竭；boosted促进/增加；recalled回忆。根据“after reading the space story”及语境推测，通常睡前故事或安静的阅读后会让人放松并进入梦乡，fell asleep符合逻辑和语境。 15．I wonder ________ we will be able to live on Mars one day. A．that B．if C．what D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想知道我们是否有一天能够生活在火星上。 that引导陈述句，无疑问含义；if是否，引导不确定的宾语从句；what什么，在从句中充当主语、宾语；when什么时候。根据“I wonder...we will be able to live on Mars one day.”可知，此处表示不确定能不能生活在火星上，应用if引导宾语从句。 4、 完成句子 1．虽然机器人很聪明，但它们永远无法完全取代人类。 Although robots are very smart, they can never ________ take the place of ________ ________. 【答案】 completely human beings 【详解】原句中“完全”和“人类”是关键词，“完全”对应的英文表达为completely，副词修饰动词短语take the place of；表示“人类”的固定短语为human beings，在句中作介词of的宾语。 2．对于载人太空飞行而言，前往恒星的挑战则变得更加艰巨了。 The challenge of visiting the stars gets even bigger for ________ with humans. 【答案】space flight 【详解】原句中“太空飞行”是关键词，表示“太空飞行”的英文是space flight，介词for后面接名词短语。 3．从来没有人踏上过那座孤岛。 No one has ever ________ ________ ________ that lonely island. 【答案】 set foot on 【详解】原句中“踏上”是关键词，中文“踏上”对应的英语固定短语是set foot on。句中出现了has ever，表明句子时态为现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”。动词set的过去分词形式与原形相同，仍为set。 4．可能需要几十万年的时间才能到达那里。 It might take ________ ________ ________ of years to get there. 【答案】 hundreds of thousands 【详解】原句中“几十万”是关键词，表示“几十万”的短语是hundreds of thousands。当hundred，thousand，million等数词表示不确定的概数（如“几百”、“几千”、“几十万”）时，词尾要加s，后面要接of，结构为“复数数词+of+名词复数”。句中横线后已有“of years”，因此三空需填入“hundreds；of；thousands”，构成“hundreds of thousands of years”（几十万年）。注意如果是确数（如20万），则用“two hundred thousand”，不加s和of。 5．有人认为，如果有水存在，那么很可能也会有外星生命存在。 It ________ ________ ________ if there is water, there might also be alien life. 【答案】 is thought that 【详解】原句中“有人认为……”是关键词，其对应的英文固定句型It is thought that...，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的从句。故填is；thought；that。 6．这将是一个非常适合科学家们合作并共同进行太空研究的场所。 It will be a good place for scientists to ________ and ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 cooperate do space research 【详解】原句中“合作”和“进行太空研究”是关键词；表示“合作”的单词是cooperate，表示“进行太空研究”的短语是do space research。本句为一般将来时，不定式符号to后接动词原形，and连接两个并列的不定式短语“cooperate”和“do space research”。故填cooperate; do; space; research。 7．轻柔的音乐帮他很快入睡。 The soft music helped him ________ ________ soon. 【答案】 fall asleep 【详解】原句中“入睡”是关键词，对应的英文固定短语是fall asleep，help sb. do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，固定短语，所以，help后面动词用原形fall。 8．总有一天，每个人都会明白你选择的意义。 ________ ________, everyone will understand the meaning of your choice. 【答案】 One day 【详解】原句中“总有一天”是关键词，表示“总有一天”的短语是one day。本句为一般将来时，one day可放句首作时间状语。应填One；day。 9．然而，随着“科学和技术”的进步，我们逐渐了解了关于恒星的真相。 However, as ________ ________ ________ developed, we learnt the truth about stars. 【答案】 science and technology 【详解】原句中“科学和技术”是关键词，对应的短语是science and technology。故填science；and；technology。 10．我打算早点去那里，以防人太多。 I’m going there early ________ ________ there are too many people. 【答案】 in case 【详解】原句中“以防”是关键词，表示“以防”的短语是in case。本句为目的状语从句，in case引导目的状语从句，后面接完整句子。故填in；case。 5、 选词填空 从方框中选择正确形式填空。 set foot on, in case, on board, fall asleep, cooperate with, launch a rocket, run out of, in time, human being, cancel the trip 1．We will foreign scientists for space tasks. 2．No one Mars before Zhurong landed there. 3．Take enough supplies you stay in space long. 4．All equipment the spaceship needs checking. 5．It’s difficult without fixing your body. 6．The team plans to tomorrow morning. 7．Earth will natural resources hundreds of years later. 8．We arrived to watch the live launch show. 9．Every has a dream of space exploration. 10．They because of terrible weather last month. 【答案】 1．cooperate with 2．had set foot on 3．in case 4．on board 5．to fall asleep 6．launch a rocket 7．run out of 8．in time 9．human being 10．cancelled the trip/canceled the trip 【详解】1．句意：我们将与外国科学家合作执行太空任务。此处需要一个动词短语作谓语，句子主语“We”后缺谓语动词，全文围绕“太空任务”展开，外国科学家应是“合作”对象，且“will”后接动词原形，所以选择cooperate with。 2．句意：在“祝融号”着陆火星之前，没有人踏上过火星。此处需要一个动词短语作谓语，根据前文“No one”和后文“before Zhurong landed there”可知，“从未”的状态从过去持续到“祝融号着陆”这一过去时间点，且before+一般过去时从句，主句常用过去完成时，所以选择set foot on的过去完成时形式had set foot on。 3．句意：带上足够的补给，以防你在太空停留很长时间。此处需要一个连词或介词短语引导条件/目的状语，前文提到“take enough supplies”，后文“you stay in space long”说明需防备长时间停留的情况，所以选择in case。 4．句意：宇宙飞船上的所有设备都需要检查。此处需要一个介词短语作定语，前文提到“spaceship”，此处“all equipment”与“spaceship”为所属关系，表示“在飞船上的设备”，所以选择on board。 5．句意：在不固定身体的情况下入睡是困难的。此处需要一个动词短语作主语，前文提到太空环境特殊，“without fixing your body”是条件，后文“It’s difficult”表明主语为“入睡”这一行为，所以选择fall asleep的不定式形式to fall asleep。 6．句意：该团队计划明天早上发射火箭。此处需要一个动词短语作谓语，前文提到“team plans to”，后文“tomorrow morning”为将来时间，且全文主题为太空探索，可推测计划发射火箭，to后接动词原形，所以选择launch a rocket。 7．句意：数百年后，地球将耗尽自然资源。此处需要一个动词短语作谓语，前文提到“natural resources”，后文“hundreds of years later”表示未来，未来资源将会耗尽，且“will”后接动词原形，所以选择run out of。 8．句意：我们及时到达，观看了现场发射表演。此处需要一个介词短语作状语，前文提到“arrived”，后文“to watch the live launch show”为目的，说明到达时间正好赶上，所以选择in time。 9．句意：每个人都有太空探索的梦想。此处需要一个名词短语作主语，后文“has a dream”为单数谓语，且“Every”后接单数名词，表示“人类个体”，所以选择human being。 10．句意：因为上个月糟糕的天气，他们取消了行程。此处需要一个动词短语作谓语，前文提到天气恶劣，所以行程应该取消，后文“last month”为过去时间，所以选择cancel the trip的过去式形式cancelled the trip/canceled the trip。 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Human beings are always looking for new worlds beyond Earth. Nowadays, more and more space missions 1 . Many countries hope to send rovers to other planets. Mars is our nearest neighbour. A lot of scientists believe that people may 2 on Mars in the future. But living there is not easy. The environment on Mars is very different 3 that on Earth. There is little air and water. A new manned spacecraft 4 to Mars in the coming years. Astronauts will 5 out different experiments there. They will collect rocks and soil, and send the information back to Earth. Some people worry about space pollution. Rubbish from old rockets and satellites 6 around in space. New laws to stop this problem. Space exploration is not just for fun. It helps us know more about our universe. It also teaches us to 8 with other countries. No matter how hard it is, human beings will keep moving forward 9 space. We believe more amazing discoveries 80 in the near future. 1．A．are carried out B．will carry out C．were carried out D．carry out 2．A．set foot B．put foot C．get feet D．take feet 3．A．with B．from C．to D．for 4．A．will send B．will be sent C．is sent D．was sent 5．A．make B．get C．carry D．take 6．A．fly B．flies C．is flying D．flew 7．A．will make B．will be made C．are making D．were made 8．A．cooperate B．compete C．argue D．fight 9．A．in B．on C．into D．at 10．A．will make B．will be made C．are made D．were made 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了人类不断探索太空，展望未来火星探索任务，同时提及太空污染问题，阐明太空探索的价值，人类将会持续进军太空，期待更多太空新发现。 【详解】1．句意：如今越来越多的太空任务被实施。 主语“space missions”与“carry out”之间为被动关系，且“Nowadays”表示当前一般情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态“are carried out”。 2．句意：许多科学家认为未来人类可能登上火星。 “set foot on”为固定短语，意为“踏上、登上”，此处指“登上火星”。 3．句意：火星上的环境与地球上的非常不同。 “be different from”为固定搭配，意为“与……不同”，表示两者之间的差异。 4．句意：未来几年一艘新的载人飞船将被发射到火星。 主语“spacecraft”与“send”之间为被动关系，且“in the coming years”表示将来时间，应用一般将来时的被动语态“will be sent”。 5．句意：宇航员们将在那里进行不同的实验。 “carry out experiments”为固定搭配，意为“进行实验”，此处指执行科学实验。 6．句意：来自旧火箭和卫星的垃圾在太空中飞行。 此处描述客观事实，主语“Rubbish”为不可数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式“flies”。 7．句意：新的法律将被制定来阻止这个问题。 主语“laws”与“make”之间为被动关系，且此处指将来的措施，应用一般将来时的被动语态“will be made”。 8．句意：它也教会我们与其他国家合作。 根据上下文，太空探索需要各国共同努力，“cooperate with”意为“与……合作”，符合语境。compete“比赛”，argue“争论”，fight“打架”，均不符合语境。 9．句意：无论多么困难，人类将继续向太空前进。 “move into”表示“进入”太空，强调向内部推进的方向；“move in”表示在内部移动，“on”和“at”搭配不当。 10．句意：我们相信在不久的将来会有更多令人惊奇的发现被做出。 主语“discoveries”与“make”之间为被动关系，且“in the near future”表示将来时间，应用一般将来时的被动语态“will be made”。 二、选词填空 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。      kilogram     take     successful     do     it     first     however    help       well       hard What is the far side of the moon like? Dark, cold and empty. But it will soon have a visitor—China’s Chang’e 6 probe (探测器). The Chang’e 6 probe will be the 1 probe in the world to take stone and soil samples (土壤样本) from the moon’s far side. The probe was sent up 2 from Hainan on May 3. Humans have 3 ten tasks to the moon to bring back moon samples, including China’s Chang’e 5 task in 2020. 4 , all these tasks so far have only visited the side of the moon that faces Earth. Because the moon turns at the same speed as it moves around Earth, we can never see the far side of the moon. This makes it 5 to stay in communication with any spaceship that goes there.   To 6 the Chang’e 6 space probe “talk” to Earth, China sent a new relay satellite (中继卫星) called Queqiao 2 into space to travel around the moon. The Chang’e 6 probe also has new smart tools to help it collect samples 7 than before. “Even if the probe loses communication with Earth, it can do important work by 8 ,” the scientist Wang Qiong said. The Chang’e 6 task to the moon will 9 fifty-three days. During this time, the probe will land on the moon. There, it will collect up to two 10 of stone and soil to bring back to Earth. Scientists will study these samples to learn more about the moon. 【答案】 1．first 2．successfully 3．done 4．However 5．hard 6．help 7．better 8．itself 9．take 10．kilograms 【导语】本文介绍嫦娥六号作为全球首颗月背采样探测器，突破通信难题，完成月背采样返回任务。 【详解】1．句意：嫦娥六号将是世界上第一个从月球背面采集石头和土壤样本的探测器。定冠词the后接序数词，故填 first。 2．句意：该探测器于5月3日从海南成功发射。此处修饰动词短语was sent up，需用副词形式，successful“成功的”变为 successfully“成功地”，符合上下文语境。 3．句意：人类已完成10次月球采样返回任务，其中包括2020年中国的嫦娥五号任务。have后接过去分词构成现在完成时，根据空后“ten tasks”可知，do“做”符合语境，do的过去分词为done。 4．句意：然而，到目前为止所有这些任务都只访问了面向地球的一面。前后句意存在转折关系，however“然而”符合语境，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填However。 5．句意：这使得与那里的任何飞船保持通信变得困难。make it+adj.+to do sth. 结构中，it是形式宾语，adj.作宾语补足语，故填hard。 6．句意：为了让嫦娥六号探测器能与地球“对话”，中国发射了一颗名为鹊桥二号的新型中继卫星进入环月轨道运行。To 表目的，后接动词原形，故填help。 7．句意：嫦娥六号探测器还配备了全新的智能采样工具，帮助它比之前更好地收集样本。than表明需用比较级，well “好地”的比较级为better“更好地”。 8．句意：科学家王琼表示：“即便探测器与地球失去通信，它也能自主完成关键任务。” by itself 为固定搭配，意为“独自地”，it变为反身代词itself。 9．句意：嫦娥六号月球任务将花费53天。will后接动词原形，表示“花费时间”常用take。 10．句意：在该着陆点，它将收集最多两公斤的石头与土壤带回地球，two后接可数名词复数，kilogram变为 kilograms。 三、短文填空 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 There are many stories and poems about the moon in Chinese history. And nowadays scientists send spacecraft to the moon. Why? Because people are always interested 1 the moon and want 2 (know) more about it. Here is some information about it. Let’s see it together. The moon looks beautiful and bright at night. It is far away from the Earth and if you want to get to the moon, it 3 (take) you about 6 months to get there at 5 km per hour. There is 4 (little) gravity on the moon, 5 people can enjoy 6 (float) there. If you weigh 68 kg on Earth, you will weigh only about 11 kg on the moon. There are many interesting places such as craters (陨石坑), mountains, and lava plains (熔岩平原) on the moon. There is no air on the moon, so people can’t 7 (breath) on it. On Earth, the day is usually warm and the night is cool. And there are four different 8 (season) in a year. But on the moon, the temperature is very high during the day and very low at night. And a full day on the moon, from the sunrise to the next, lasts about 2.5 Earth days on average (平均). The moon doesn’t have 9 (it) own light. It looks bright because it can reflect (反射) light from the sun. 10 the moon moves around the Earth, it gets different light from the sun. So we find its shape often changes. 【答案】 1．in 2．to know 3．will take 4．less 5．so 6．floating 7．breathe 8．seasons 9．its 10．As/When 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了关于月球的一些科学知识，包括人类对月球的兴趣、月球的重力、月球的环境特征以及月相变化等。 【详解】1．句意：因为人们一直对月球感兴趣，想要更多地了解它。固定短语：be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”。故填“in”。 2．句意：因为人们一直对月球感兴趣，想要更多地了解它。固定搭配：want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”，因此用不定式“to know”。 3．句意：月球离地球很远，如果想要抵达月球，以每小时5千米的速度行进，大约需要6个月。if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则。句型：It takes sb. some time to do sth.，主句使用一般将来时“will take”。 4．句意：月球上的重力更小，所以人们可以体验漂浮。暗含月球和地球重力对比，应用“little”的比较级“less”，表示“更少的、较小的”。 5．句意：月球上的重力更小，所以人们可以体验漂浮。前后分句是因果关系，前因后果，用连词“so”，表示“所以”。 6．句意：所以人们可以体验漂浮。固定搭配：enjoy doing sth.表示“享受做某事”，“float”变动名词“floating”。 7．句意：月球上没有空气，因此人类无法在上面呼吸。情态动词can’t后接动词原形。“breath”是名词，动词形式为“breathe”。 8．句意：一年有四个不同的季节。数词“four”后面接可数名词复数，“season”的复数形式是“seasons”。 9．句意：月球自身没有光。形容词性物主代词修饰名词“light”。it对应的物主代词“its”，its own light表示“它自身的光”。 10．句意：当月球绕着地球运转时，它接收到来自太阳角度不同的光线。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，As或When均可，放在句首首字母大写。 $