30 第一部分 选择性必修第二册 Unit 6 Survival-【名师导航】2027年高考英语一轮总复习教师用书（外研版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义围绕词汇、语法、写作及阅读等核心考点，按“基础词汇—语法结构—语篇应用”逻辑架构知识点，通过考点梳理（如动词短语、从句用法）、方法指导（写作句式升级、阅读解题策略）、真题训练（2024-2025年高考真题）等环节，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，突破高频难点，体现复习教学的系统性与针对性。 资料以“真题导向+能力分层”为特色，创新采用“词汇派生词链”（如commit→committed→commitment）强化语言能力，通过“读后续写情绪描写模板”（如terrified相关句式）培养思维品质，设置基础巩固、能力提升分层练习保障复习效果。助力学生高效掌握应考技巧，为教师精准把控复习节奏提供实用指导。

1．commit v．犯(错误或罪行)；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)；承诺，保证 ①I strongly suggest that you should commit one hour a day to reading (read) English，which can gradually improve your oral English． ②(2025·浙江1月卷)Even the most engaged and committed(commit) audience will eventually get bored． ③Society pushes us to specialize，to become experts．This requires commitment(commit) to a particular occupation，branch of study or research． ④Though journalists are committed to presenting(present) the truth，it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports． 　应用文写作之发言稿 最后，新能源汽车的兴起反映了中国对可持续发展和减少碳排放的承诺。 Finally，the rise of new energy vehicles reflects China's commitment to sustainable development and reducing carbon emissions． ◎commit a crime 犯罪 commit a mistake/an error 犯错误 commit oneself to (doing) sth．致力于/承诺(做)某事 commit...to doing sth．投入……做某事 ◎committed adj．尽心尽力的，忠诚的 be committed to (doing) sth．致力于(做)某事 ◎commitment n．忠诚；奉献；承诺 make a commitment to (doing) sth．承诺/保证(做)某事 ◎I've been selected to represent our school in a national academic competition next month，so I have to be fully committed to preparing it． 我被选中代表学校参加下个月的全国学术比赛，所以我必须全力以赴准备。 2．appreciate v．欣赏；赏识；感激；意识到，领会；重视 ①Moreover，it was a sensory feast that heightened my perception and appreciation (appreciate)for the beauty of our natural world even more． ②I appreciate being given (give) the opportunity to work in your company． ③The artist's unique style and creativity are appreciated (appreciate) in the art world． 　应用文写作之求助信 我知道你日程很忙，但如果你能花点时间看一下我的文章，并做出必要的修改，我会很感激的。 I know you have a very busy schedule but I would appreciate it if you could take some time to go through my essay and make necessary changes． ◎appreciate＋n．/pron．/doing重视/感激…… I would appreciate it if...假如……我将不胜感激。 ◎appreciation n．欣赏；感激；理解 express/convey one's appreciation to sb．向某人表达感激之情 ◎appreciate后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语；且其后不直接跟从句，需先接it，再接从句，类似用法的动词还有：like，enjoy，hate，love，take，have等。 3．react v．(作出)反应；起(化学)反应；发生作用 ①(2024·北京卷)However，hedgehogs remain open to others' reactions (reaction) and inputs． ②Reacting to body language is an important component of being a teacher． ③We had an experiment in the chemistry class which showed how iron reacts with air and water． 　读后续写之心理描写 汤姆真的有点儿担心，因为他不知道父母对他糟糕的考试成绩会是什么反应。 Tom was really a bit worried because he had no idea what his parents' reaction would be to his poor examination result． ◎react to sth．对某事物作出反应 react with 与……起(化学)反应 react against 反对，反抗 ◎reaction n．反应 ◎reaction to...对……的反应 ◎Surprised and angry，she sat there，not knowing how to react to the unexpected incident． 她坐在那里，又吃惊又生气，不知道如何回应这个意外事件。 4．expose v．使暴露(于险境)；揭露；曝光；使面临；使体验 ①(译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 2)First，we put on our spacesuits，which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure (expose) to the cold and radiation． ②(2025·全国一卷)“The players' personalities are revealed during the game，and one's weaknesses are exposed (expose) to the opponent，” she adds． 　应用文写作之建议信 If you expose yourself to the sunlight for a long time in summer，you will get sunburnt． ①Exposing yourself to the sunlight for a long time in summer，you will get sunburnt．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) ②Exposed to the sunlight for a long time in summer，you will get sunburnt．(过去分词短语作状语) ◎expose...to...使……接触……；使……暴露于…… expose oneself to...使自己面临……；使自己暴露于…… be exposed to...暴露于/接触…… ◎exposure n．暴露；显露 ◎Being exposed to nature not only made me admire scenery but also sparked my creativity． 接触大自然不仅让我欣赏了美景，也激发了我的创造力。 5．terrifying adj．令人恐惧的；极其可怕的，骇人听闻的 ①After his terrifying(terrify) adventure，Mac felt relieved when he reached home safe and sound． ②They felt scared and answered in terror，“We were so hungry that we just wanted to fish．” ③The greedy gunman's threats terrified her into handing (hand) over her money． ④The rumor that there are sharks in the shallow water terrifies (terrify) many people． 　读后续写之动作＋情绪描写 ①我非常害怕，觉得两腿发抖，手心冒汗。 Extremely terrified，I felt my legs trembling and my palms sweating． ②当他们看到那个男孩在没有支撑的情况下踩上了横梁时，每个人都吓呆了。 Everyone froze with terror when they saw the boy had stepped onto the crossbeam(横梁) without support． ◎terrified adj．恐惧的；害怕的 be terrified of对……感到惊恐 be terrified at/by/with...被……吓了一跳 ◎terrify vt．使恐惧，使惊吓 terrify sb． into doing...吓唬某人做…… ◎terror n．惊恐；恐惧 in terror惊慌地 freeze with terror 吓呆了 ◎We rushed to the windows，hearts pounding，and looked out into the hills，where a terrifying sight awaited us． 我们冲到窗前，心怦怦直跳，向外望去，山那边有一幕可怕的情景等着我们。 6．consist of 由……构成，由……组成 ①Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures． ②Remember that your ideal life does not always consist with the reality． ③The company consisting (consist) of 15 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis． 　应用文写作之活动介绍 这项活动，由在山中徒步和露营组成，是享受大自然的好方法。 ①The activity，which consists of hiking and camping in the mountains，is a great way to enjoy nature．(定语从句) ②The activity，consisting of hiking and camping in the mountains，is a great way to enjoy nature．(动词-ing形式短语作定语) ◎be made up of＝be comprised of＝be composed of 由……组成 ◎consist in＝lie in 存在于；在于 consist with 与……一致/相符 ◎be consistent with...与……一致 ◎The players，mainly consisting of the students selected from different classes and grades，attended the race vigorously． 选手们主要由从不同班级和年级选出的学生组成，他们积极参加了比赛。 7．[教材原句]However true this is，we also need to consider that some of these so-called “urban animals” have never moved at all—it's we humans who have moved into their territory．(however引导的让步状语从句) 无论事实如何，我们也应该考虑到这些所谓的“城市动物”中的一些根本就没有迁徙过——是我们人类搬到了它们的领地里。 ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I've come to accept that whatever goals I set for myself，they just have to be my own． ②(译林版选择性必修第四册Unit 1)Always give your best in whatever you set out to do，however difficult that might be． ③Whoever is kind enough and reliable can join this rescue team． ④My best friends always try to help me out，whenever I get into a crisis． ⑤Not everyone has the freedom to go wherever they want． 　应用文写作之发言稿 在我看来，无论我们选择什么方法，都是我们内心的兴趣和热情让我们在英语方面取得了辉煌的进步。 From my perspective，whatever/no matter what method we choose，it is our inner interest and enthusiasm that allow us to make brilliant progress in English． ◎该句中however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter how。whenever，wherever，whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句；在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter when/where/what/who/which/whom。但“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。 ◎Whatever challenges you encounter，remember to stay positive． 无论你遇到什么挑战，记得要保持积极的心态。 Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．The breakfast，consisting (consist) of porridge and sandwiches，smelt extremely delicious． 2．The center suggested workers exposed (expose) to high temperatures take necessary protective measures． 3．It is crucially (crucial) important that we take action to tackle the incident． 4．Parents are sometimes so sensitive to each child's reactions (reaction) that they offer too much praise to their children． 5．I'm wondering whether I need any experience and if there is an age restriction(restrict)． 6．It took him more than 30 years before he told anyone other than friends of his terrifying (terrify) experience． 7．Though he got what he had wanted，he looked at the shop window with greedy (greed) eyes． 8．Due to human population growth，the demand for production and consumption(consume) of goods increases． 9．I am impressed with your newspaper's commitment(commit) to providing balanced and insightful coverage of current affairs． 10．I'd appreciate it if you could help me to cope with the stresses and strains of the job． Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义 1．fuel A．v．刺激，增加　B．v．给(交通工具)加油　C．n．燃料 (1)(2025·全国一卷)The fuels for transport need to be not just green，cheap and powerful，but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around． C (2)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)As a foodie，the way to my heart is through my stomach，and nowhere fuels my appetite quite like Italy． A (3)The helicopter was already fuelled and ready to go． B 2．(2022·浙江1月卷)Above all，I hoped he wouldn't assign me to work with the fiercely competitive and extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match． A A．激烈地　　B．凶猛地　　　C．强烈地 3．The doctor advised me to take a capsule this morning． B A．太空舱　　B．胶囊 C．(装物或装液体的)小塑料容器 4．I'm sure you will appreciate that each of these different views of happiness can shape our life in a particular way． B A．欣赏，赏识　　B．领会，充分理解 C．感激 5．Stolen goods were found in the trunk of her car． C A．树干　　B．大衣箱 C．(汽车后部的)行李厢 Ⅲ．写作迁移 1．It's high time that we students should work harder at our lessons with the College Entrance Examination approaching． →It's high time that we students should work harder at our lessons as the College Entrance Examination is approaching． 2．I realized only then that it was so foolish of me to break away from all of my friends and never contact them． →Only then did I realize that it was so foolish of me to break away from all of my friends and never contact them． 3．我想知道你下星期二来接我是否方便。 I wonder if it is convenient for you to pick me up next Tuesday． 4．我有良好的中文和英文水平，所以毫无疑问，我可以流利地与游客交流。 I have a good command of both Chinese and English，so there is no doubt that I can communicate with visitors fluently． 假定你是某国际学校学生会主席李华，你校打算五一假期组织一次为期一天的野外生存训练。请你写一份英文口头通知，内容包括： 1．活动的时间、地点； 2．活动的意义； 3．报名要求。 注意：1．写作词数应为 80 个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 　写作微练 ①我有一个好消息要告诉大家：5月2日将在西山进行为期一天的野外生存训练，以丰富我们的生活，使我们亲近大自然。 I have a piece of good news to share with you：a one-day wilderness survival training is scheduled for May 2nd at the West Hill to enrich our life and let us get close to nature． ②通过接触大自然，你不仅可以获得一些野外生存技能，还可以增强你的意志，培养你的团队精神。 By being exposed to nature，you can not only acquire some wilderness survival skills but also strengthen your will and cultivate your team spirit． ③万一你将来去野外，你就不会被意想不到的事情吓坏了。 In case you go to the wild in the future，you will not be terrified of unexpected matters． ④如果你对此积极响应，请在本周末之前到学生会办公室报名。 If you react to it positively，please sign up at the Students' Council Office before the end of this week． ⑤非常感谢你们的积极参与。 Your active participation is greatly appreciated． 　句式升级 ⑥用同位语从句改写句① I have a piece of good news to share with you that a one-day wilderness survival training is scheduled for May 2nd at the West Hill to enrich our life and let us get close to nature． ⑦用倒装句改写句② By being exposed to nature，not only can you acquire some wilderness survival skills but also you can strengthen your will and cultivate your team spirit． 　妙笔成篇 Dear classmates，may I have your attention，please? I have a piece of good news to share with you that a one-day wilderness survival training is scheduled for May 2nd at the West Hill to enrich our life and let us get close to nature． By being exposed to nature，not only can you acquire some wilderness survival skills but also you can strengthen your will and cultivate your team spirit．In case you go to the wild in the future，you will not be terrified of unexpected matters．If you react to it positively，please sign up at the Students' Council Office before the end of this week．Your active participation is greatly appreciated． I sincerely hope that you will have a nice time． 　语料积累 教材 语料 亮词 appreciate；optimistic；fuel；supplement；fierce；wipe；terrifying；expose 美句 1．Spotting the car with its window left open，the greedy thief didn't hesitate．Within seconds，he had reached inside and run away with a bag of shopping． 2．Until we are finally able to live on another planet，we need to take much better care of our own．Right now，it's the only one we have！ 拓展 语料 单词 scan细看，察看，端详，浏览；eye 注视；overlook 俯瞰 语块 look at看；stare at注视，凝视；glare angrily at怒视；look sb．in the eye直视某人；catch sight of看见；look around环顾四周；spy on暗中监视；look into the distance眺望远方；fix one's eyes on/glue one's eyes to目不转睛地盯着 句型 1．She looked her father in the eye and answered his question truthfully． 她直视着父亲，诚实地回答了他的问题。 2．I heard someone following me，and glanced round，catching sight of a dark figure in the shadows．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 我听到有人在跟踪我，便向四周瞥了一眼，看见黑暗中有个人影。 3．The young man was anxiously scanning the newspaper，in search of recruitment advertisements． 年轻人焦急地浏览着报纸，寻找招聘广告。 4．With her eyes fixed on/glued to the phone，it was not until Mr．Li patted her on the shoulder that she realized he was standing in front of her．(with复合结构) 她目不转睛地盯着电话，直到李先生拍了拍她的肩膀，她才意识到他就站在她面前。 　语料运用 ①激烈的争吵之后，简愤怒地瞪着丈夫说：“我要去找个更好的地方露营。”然后走开了。 After the fierce quarrel，Jane glared angrily at her husband，saying，“I'll find a better spot for us to camp．” Then she walked away． ②爬到高处后，她环顾四周，并眺望远方，却发现自己迷失在可怕的森林里。 After she had climbed to a high place，she looked around and looked into the distance，only to find that she was lost in the terrifying forest． ③她两眼盯着地面，惊恐地站在那里，思考着该如何应对这种进退两难的局面。 With her eyes fixed on/glued to the ground，she stood there in terror，thinking about how to cope with the dilemma．(with复合结构) ④她睡在一棵树旁，周围有许多树枝。 She slept beside a tree，with many branches around her． ⑤第二天早上，她的丈夫不顾重重困难找到了她。 The next morning her husband found her despite many difficulties． ⑥简一看见丈夫，就扑向他的怀抱。 The moment Jane caught sight of her husband，she threw herself into his arms． ⑦他帮她擦干眼泪，直视着她说：“我再也不会和你吵架了。” He helped her wipe away her tears and looked her in the eye，saying，“Never will I quarrel with you again．” 题型组合练(三十)　选择性必修第二册　Unit 6　Survival (建议用时：45分钟　总分：50分) Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2026·辽宁大连模拟)Life has existed on Earth for about 4 billion years，marked by several mass extinctions that destroyed a large percentage of complex life forms． These extinctions，however，were probably essential． They created gaps for new life forms and humanity． Our ancestors，a small population initially，evolved (进化) to lift their hands from the ground and set about hitting，shaping，shooting，burning，cutting and consuming their way to the top． Although humans spread to live on every continent except Antarctica，the limits of the world remained unknown． Now it is humanity that seeks limitlessness while the world seems to become smaller beneath our feet． Like a dark cloud of volcanic ash (灰) circling the globe，our actions are affecting many other species in an almost equally sudden fashion． Even though we don't directly cause harm now，we contribute to global warming，pollution，and deforestation just by maintaining a modern lifestyle． We are a mass extinction event，and we are still unfolding． Yet，mass extinctions also mean new beginnings for life on Earth． Whether humanity remains a part of that life remains to be seen． Complex，intelligent life has evolved from beginnings before and can do so again． How we evolve could be beyond our wildest dreams． But I like being human，and I consider our world a beautiful place，one worth enjoying and not throwing away． Unlike any natural disaster，we have the gift for agency and choice，and for intelligence，foresight，and decision． We are coming to terms with a world that is getting smaller，and we will surely react and adapt to this knowledge as best we can． No outcome is unavoidable． All action and inaction will have an impact． If we want to remain who we believe ourselves to be，we must choose to respect life，to value and promote diversity，to just take it easy once in a while，and to control our appetites，and I believe these are what we can definitely achieve． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了地球生命演化中的大规模灭绝事件与人类在其中的角色，以及人类面临的环境挑战与未来选择。 1．Why might mass extinctions be necessary in Earth's history? A．They let humans learn survival skills． B．They proved natural selection's function． C．They led to more complicated life forms． D．They provided evolutionary opportunities． D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“These extinctions，however，were probably essential．”以及第二段中“They created gaps for new life forms and humanity． ”可知，大规模灭绝为新生命形式和人类进化创造了机会。故选D项。] 2．What does the author imply by “we are still unfolding” in paragraph 3? A．Human evolution is incomplete． B．Environmental damage continues． C．Extinction events are speeding up． D．Modern lifestyles prevent the crisis． B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“we are still unfolding”前的“our actions are affecting many other species in an almost equally sudden fashion． Even though we don't directly cause harm now，we contribute to global warming，pollution，and deforestation just by maintaining a modern lifestyle． ”可知，人类活动对环境的影响仍在持续。故选B项。] 3．What is the author's attitude to human future? A．Worried．　 B．Critical． C．Hopeful．　 D．Amazed． C　[观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“If we want to remain who we believe ourselves to be，we must choose to respect life，to value and promote diversity，to just take it easy once in a while，and to control our appetites，and I believe these are what we can definitely achieve． ”可知，作者认为人类有能力作出选择和适应，且一定可以做到应做的事，由此判断作者对人类未来持乐观态度。故选C项。] 4．Which can be the best title for the text? A．The History and Future of Earth's Life B．Natural Disasters and Human Survival C．Mass Extinctions：Humanity Is to Blame D．At a Crossroads：Choose to Stay Human D　[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，全文围绕大规模灭绝的历史作用及人类当前面临的环境挑战展开，强调人类需在“生存与破坏”的十字路口作出选择，通过主动行动守护未来。选项 D(在十字路口：选择保持人性)紧扣主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选D项。] B Across the United States，over 440 national parks and 7，400 urban parks provide green spaces where people and pets gather，yet the U． S． Forest Service warns that urban expansion — including park construction — is decreasing natural habitats critical for wildlife survival． To address this conflict，University of Florida researchers conducted groundbreaking research on balancing human needs with ecological preservation，focusing on Broward County's 600 urban green spaces． By analyzing features ranging from tree canopies (树冠) to sports facilities，they discovered that larger green areas，when strategically designed，enhance biodiversity together with recreational value． “While size strongly predicts a park's dual functionality，” explained Corey Callaghan，the study's senior author，“a carefully planned combination of green spaces with varied objectives proves equally vital for sustaining urban ecosystems．” Urban parks，researchers emphasize，serve as ecological lifelines by purifying air，reducing heat islands，and storing carbon，while also offering mental health benefits through nature connection． However，infrastructure (基础设施) that emphasizes human convenience — such as brightly lit playgrounds or frequently cut lawns — often degrades habitats for species active at night． Nataly Miguez，the study's lead author，noted，“Dense vegetation (植被)，though less attractive to visitors，creates safe zones for wildlife，highlighting the need for adjustment in park layouts．” To resolve such conflicts，the team proposed integrating native vegetation into recreational zones，establishing wildlife corridors through connected tree networks，and minimizing artificial lighting in sensitive areas． Citizen science platforms like iNaturalist played a crucial role in this study，enabling public-submitted biodiversity data to inform smarter park designs． Such collaborative approaches，researchers argue，allow cities to identify features that harmonize human enjoyment with habitat conservation． As urban populations grow，the study urges continuous investment in ecological monitoring and adaptive green space management． “Only through sustained research and community engagement，” Callaghan concluded，“can cities develop parks that combat climate change，shelter endangered species，and enrich human lives — all within the same leafy boundaries． This model，tested in Florida，offers a blueprint for cities nationwide striving to balance growth with environmental conservation．” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了城市扩张与野生动物栖息地保护之间的冲突，以及如何通过科学研究和公众参与来平衡人类需求与生态保护，提出了在城市公园设计中融入本地植被、建立野生动物走廊等策略，以促进城市生物多样性的提升。 5．What problem is to be addressed by researchers? A．City growth against habitat conservation． B．Pet keeping against personal safety． C．Population increase against resource demand． D．Park construction against noise control． A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“...Forest Service warns that urban expansion — including park construction — is decreasing natural habitats critical for wildlife survival．”以及第二段第一句可知，研究人员要解决的问题是城市扩张与栖息地保护之间的冲突。故选A项。] 6．Which park would be suggested by the team? A．One restricting human access． B．One dotted with artificial ponds． C．One featuring a famous light show． D．One designed to include local plants． D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“To resolve such conflicts，the team proposed integrating native vegetation into recreational zones，establishing wildlife corridors through connected tree networks，and minimizing artificial lighting in sensitive areas．”可知，研究小组建议的公园是设计包含本地植物的公园。故选D项。] 7．What can be learned from Callaghan? A．Following studies need huge research funds． B．The tested model has been applied elsewhere． C．Public involvement has always been important． D．Park design should emphasize nature over human． C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句和“‘Only through sustained research and community engagement，’ Callaghan concluded，‘can cities develop parks that combat climate change，shelter endangered species，and enrich human lives — all within the same leafy boundaries．’”可推知，卡拉汉认为公众参与一直都很重要。故选C项。] 8．What might be a suitable title for the text? A．Stop Urban Growth，Save Animal Habitats B．Stop Maintaining Parks，Let Nature Take Over C．Restore Green Spaces，Fight Climate Change D．Rethink City Parks，Enhance Urban Biodiversity D　[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了城市扩张与野生动物栖息地保护之间的冲突，以及如何通过科学研究和公众参与来平衡人类需求与生态保护，提出了在城市公园设计中融入本地植被、建立野生动物走廊等策略，以促进城市生物多样性的提升，D项“Rethink City Parks，Enhance Urban Biodiversity (重新思考城市公园，提升城市生物多样性)”符合文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选D项。] Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) (2025·山东烟台模拟)Joel Boyers and his fiancée (未婚妻)，Melody Among，were heading home when he received a call．The caller told Boyers that her brother and two daughters were 　1　 on their roof in Waverly．　2　 by floodwater，they didn't think they would survive．　3　，the caller had Googled Boyers's company for help． Without 　4　，Boyers knew they would go back up．“I've got a daughter myself，” Boyers says．Driving back to the airport，they were soon in the air，　5　 for what came next．“As soon as I 　6　 over the area，it was nothing but rapid water below me，” he says．“Two houses on fire．Cars in trees．Tons of debris (碎石)．No one was going to 　7　 in that．” There they began 　8　 for people on roofs，bridges—anywhere Boyers could land his helicopter and get them 　9　．One rescued man pointed to a teenager he'd seen holding onto a tree．The teen，all wet and 　10　，was barely out of the water．With no place to land，Boyers 　11　 the helicopter until it stayed just above the water line．The rescued man managed to help the teen to the helicopter．Then they were back in the 　12　． Boyers and Among's 　13　 ended 90 minutes after it began，when professional rescue teams 　14　．It was good timing—Boyers and Among were 　15　 out of fuel after rescuing 17 people．They are our heroes． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Joel Boyers和他的未婚妻Melody Among在回家途中接到求救电话，他们毅然决定返回洪水肆虐的地区进行救援，在燃料几乎耗尽前成功救出17人的故事。 1．A．killed　　　 B．ignored C．arranged　 D．trapped D　[根据后文“on their roof in Waverly． ________ by floodwater，they didn't think they would survive”以及洪水背景可知，他们是被洪水困住了。故选D。] 2．A．Impressed　 B．Damaged C．Surrounded　 D．Protected C　[根据前文“were ________ on their roof in Waverly”和后文“by floodwater”可知，被困在屋顶应是被洪水包围。故选C。] 3．A．Curious　 B．Desperate C．Excited　 D．Satisfied B　[根据前文“they didn't think they would survive”可知，他们以为自己活不下去了，所以很绝望。故选B。] 4．A．hesitation　 B．permission C．warning　 D．effort A　[根据后文“‘I've got a daughter myself，’ Boyers says．”以及他立刻展开救援的行为可知，他没有犹豫。without hesitation意为“毫不犹豫”。故选A。] 5．A．disappointed　 B．heartbroken C．unprepared　 D．mistaken C　[根据前文他立刻展开救援行动，以及后文“‘As soon as I ________ over the area，it was nothing but rapid water below me，’ he says．”可知，他们一开始对具体情况并不了解，是毫无准备的。故选C。] 6．A．took　 B．popped C．pulled　 D．fell B　[根据后文“over the area，it was nothing but rapid water below me”可知，这里描述飞机飞到该地区上空的情景，“popped over”有突然到达的意思，符合语境。故选B。] 7．A．surf　 B．fish C．sink　 D．swim D　[根据前文“it was nothing but rapid water”以及“Two houses on fire．Cars in trees．Tons of debris．”可知，水流湍急且环境危险，没人能在这样的水里游泳。故选D。] 8．A．praying　 B．searching C．calling　 D．applying B　[根据后文“for people on roofs，bridges—anywhere Boyers could land his helicopter”可知，他们的任务是救援，所以是搜寻需要救援的人。故选B。] 9．A．aboard　 B．away C．backward　 D．down A　[根据前文“anywhere Boyers could land his helicopter”可知，此处指让被救的人上直升机。故选A。] 10．A．enthusiastic　 B．proud C．drunk　 D．exhausted D　[根据前文“The teen，all wet”以及后文“was barely out of the water”结合语境可知，少年被困在水里，应是疲惫不堪的。故选D。] 11．A．turned　 B．pushed C．lowered　 D．speeded C　[根据后文“the helicopter until it stayed just above the water line”可知，此处指降低了直升机的高度。故选C。] 12．A．air　 B．house C．water　 D．roof A　[根据前文“The rescued man managed to help the teen to the helicopter．”可知，救到人后，直升机应是重新升空，回到空中继续救援。故选A。] 13．A．obstacle　 B．mission C．intention　 D．fortune B　[根据后文“ended 90 minutes after it began”以及“after rescuing 17 people”可知，他们的救援行动可以称为一项任务。故选B。] 14．A．held back　 B．settled down C．broke in　 D．showed up D　[根据前文“when professional rescue teams”可知，此处指专业的救援队出现了。故选D。] 15．A．almost　 B．still C．rather　 D．even A　[根据前文“good timing”及后文“out of fuel after rescuing 17 people”可知，在他们几乎没油时任务结束，时机刚好。故选A。] Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) The International Space Station (ISS) will continue orbiting Earth until at least 2030 1．______ a symbol of global scientific cooperation． The representatives from 15 countries signed an 2．______ (agree) last month，ensuring this unique laboratory remains operational despite previous concerns about funding． Since 3．________ (launch) in 1998，the ISS has hosted over 3，000 experiments 4．________(range) from medical research to climate studies． Scientists argue that ending the program now would mean losing 5．________ (value) data critical for future Mars missions． “What we learn here can't be found anywhere else，” said astronaut Samantha Carter． However，maintaining the station requires enormous effort． Each year，about 12 tons of supplies 6．________ (send) to the ISS through international transport missions． 7．________ (reduce)resupply needs，engineers are also developing new technologies，8．________ can recycle 98% of the station's water． Looking ahead，participating nations plan to focus on preparation for commercial space stations．Private companies like SpaceX and Boeing are 9．________ (current) designing capsule that may eventually replace the ISS．As the station's commander remarked，“This isn't the end，10．________ a new beginning for space exploration．” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了至少将运行到2030年的国际空间站，以及它的相关情况，包括开展的实验、物资补给等，还提到了未来商业空间站的规划。 1．as　[考查介词。 根据语义可知，空处为介词，表示“作为”，as符合语境。故填as。] 2．agreement　[考查名词。 an后需接agree的名词形式，signed an agreement表示“签署一项协议”。故填agreement。] 3．launched　[考查非谓语动词。 Since引导的时间状语从句中，因与主句的主语一致，可省略主语和be动词，其完整形式为Since the ISS was launched in 1998，所以这里用过去分词形式。故填launched。] 4．ranging　[考查非谓语动词。 句中已有谓语动词has hosted，因此range需使用非谓语动词形式，range from...to...表示“范围从……到……”，experiments与range之间是主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式作定语。故填ranging。] 5．valuable　[考查形容词。 data是名词，前面应用形容词修饰。表示“有价值的”用valuable。故填valuable。] 6．are sent 　[考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。 根据Each year可知，应用一般现在时，supplies与send之间是被动关系，且supplies是复数，所以被动语态中的be动词用are。故填are sent。] 7．To reduce　[考查非谓语动词。 根据语义可知，此处表目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填To reduce。] 8．which　[考查定语从句。 此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为new technologies，指物，在从句中作主语。故填which。] 9．currently　[考查副词。 designing是动词，应用current的副词形式修饰，currently意为“目前”，符合语境。故填currently。] 10．but　[考查连词。 固定结构not...but...表示“不是……而是……”，符合语境。故填but。] 写作规范练(五) (建议用时：45分钟　总分：40分) Ⅰ．应用文写作(满分15分) (2026·辽宁鞍山模拟)5月18日是国际博物馆日，某国外论坛上有网友提议用线上虚拟博物馆 (virtual museum) 取代实体博物馆 (physical museum)。请你写一篇留言，表达个人看法，内容包括： 1．你的看法； 2．陈述理由。 注意：写作词数应为80个左右。 ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 While virtual museums offer convenience and global access，I believe they cannot fully replace physical museums． Firstly，physical museums engage multiple senses — seeing textures up close，hearing guided explanations，and even smelling aged materials． Secondly，they provide social interaction，allowing visitors to discuss exhibition with others，enhancing understanding． Finally，historic buildings themselves，like the Louvre，are cultural treasures that virtual tours cannot replicate． In conclusion，virtual museums are valuable supplements，but the authenticity and atmosphere of physical museums remain unmatched． Both should coexist to cater to different needs． Ⅱ．读后续写(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2025·山东滨州模拟)A few months ago，David was persuaded to run his father's bookstore in the neighborhood． Each morning when David opened the door，he felt discouraged since online stores had been taking over the market and few people walked into the store． Although he had always believed in the magic of physical books，he was beginning to lose hope as bills kept piling up and his savings were running low． One rainy afternoon，as David was sitting behind the counter in the deserted store，thinking about how to rescue the dying bookstore，a young woman entered and introduced herself as Sophie． “I'm visiting one of my friends in this neighborhood，” Sophie said． “She recommended your bookstore for rare books and I decided to check it out．” Sophie then wandered through the bookshelves，running her fingers along the books． After a while，she picked out a book on gardening—a topic she was passionate about—and brought it to the counter． “It seems like you're really into gardening，” David said as he rang up the book． “I hope it helps you grow your garden． Plants are like people． They need care，but they can really bloom if you give them the right environment．” “Yes，gardening has been such a peaceful escape for me and it has also helped me reach out to people in my town，” Sophie replied with a big smile and proudly showed David a photo of her pretty garden which was filled with vibrant flowers and lush greenery． “It has become a community garden in my neighborhood！” Before she left the store，she added seriously，“By the way，there's something special about your bookstore． Maybe it is not the most attractive place I have visited，but it has an undeniable charm． I hope you can give it a right environment，too． Maybe it can grow into a place where people find comfort and connection in an otherwise big but passionless city．” 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 David still stood there after Sophie left and disappeared in the rain． ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ The next day，David decided to make a change． ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 David still stood there after Sophie left and disappeared in the rain． Her words kept coming back to him． For the first time in months，he didn't feel the heavy weight of worry． Instead，he thought about Sophie's words． “Sophie is right． A bookstore shouldn't be just about books． It should be like her garden that brings the community together． What I should do is create an environment where people can bond—and then the bookstore will grow on its own！” David thought． The next day，David decided to make a change． He set up a corner for authors to showcase their books and share their stories． Then he started to host weekly book clubs，inviting people to share their love for their own favorite books． He even set aside a place furnished with comfortable chairs and soft lighting for people to relax，drink tea and talk． To his delight，more and more people started to show up． 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $