Unit3语法(物主代词和所有格)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年沪教四五学制版英语七年级上册

该初中英语导学案以Unit3 Jobs“表达所属关系”为核心，聚焦形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词及名词所有格语法点，设计“规则讲解-错误辨析-综合应用”递进式学习路径，通过表格对比、课本原句及拓展例句构建完整知识体系，引导学生从概念理解到准确运用。 亮点在于“有名则形，无名则名”口诀及易混点（its vs it’s）专项辨析，结合“用所给词适当形式填空”“句型转换”等分层练习，培养语言能力和思维品质。综合例句融合多语法点，汉译英任务关联职业主题，助力深度学习，为教师单元复习提供系统讲解与实效训练支撑。

Unit3 Jobs语法讲解与练习 语法：形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、名词所有格 核心：表达所属关系（…… 的） 一、物主代词 主格 I you he she we they it 形容词性物主代词（形物代） my your his her our their its 名词性物主代词（名物代） mine yours his hers ours theirs its 1. 形容词性物主代词（Possessive adjectives） ✅含义：我的/你的/他的……，本质相当于形容词,后面必须接名词,不能单独使用 结构公式：形容词性物主代词+名词 📖课本原句：His job is a doctor. 他的职业是医生。 拓展例句： Her dream is to be a policewoman. 她的梦想是成为一名女警察。 （her 修饰后面名词 dream） We should respect our workers. 我们应当尊重我们的劳动者。 （our 修饰名词 workers） The cat shakes its head. 这只猫摇它的脑袋。（its修饰名词 head，注意≠it’s） ❌典型错误： This is my.（×，形物代后面缺少名词，不能独立结尾） ✅修正：This is my job. 关键点：只要后面紧跟着名词，就选用形容词性物主代词。 2. 名词性物主代词（Possessive pronouns） ✅含义：我的（东西）、你的（东西）……，=形容词性物主代词+名词，后面绝对不加名词，可以单独使用 结构公式：名词性物主代词（单独使用，后无名词）= 形物代+名词 📖课本原句： They like their jobs. We like ours. 他们喜欢他们的工作。我们喜欢我们的（工作）。👉 ours = our jobs 拓展例句： This office is mine. 这间办公室是我的。👉 mine = my office Your project is wonderful, but theirs has more new ideas. 你的项目很棒，但他们的（项目）有更多新想法。👉 theirs = their project —Whose uniform is this? —It’s hers. —— 这是谁的制服？—— 是她的。👉 hers = her uniform ❌典型错误： This is mine work.（×名物代后面不能再接名词） ✅二选一：This is my work. / This is mine. ⚠️特殊：his形物代和名物代拼写完全一样 This is his tool.（形物代，后接名词 tool） This tool is his.（名物代，无名词） ✨做题口诀：有名则形，无名则名 空格后面有名词 → 选形容词性物主代词 my/your/his/her/our/their/its 空格后面没有名词 → 选名词性物主代词 mine/yours/his/hers/ours/theirs/its 易混辨析 its vs it’s its：物主代词，“它的”，表所属,不是缩写 The dog eats its food. 狗吃它的食物。 it’s：缩写 = it is /it has，“它是；它已经” It’s a hardworking worker. 它是一名勤奋的劳动者。 二、名词所有格 Possessive nouns 名词+ ’s / ’，表示 “…… 的”,用于人和有生命事物所属关系;部分时间,地点也可用。 规则 1：单数可数名词（人/有生命事物）→ 名词+ ’s 不管结尾字母是什么，单数一律加 ’s 例句： the worker’s task 这位工人的任务 Mary’s interview 玛丽的面试 the boy’s ambition 男孩的志向 规则 2：以s 结尾的复数名词 → 名词 + ’（只加撇号，不要再写s） 复数本身词尾已经有 s，只加 ’ 例句： the workers’ tools 工人们的工具 the students’ reports 学生们的报告 规则 3：不规则复数名词（不以 s 结尾：children, men, women）→ + ’s 词尾没有s，依旧加 ’s，千万不要写成 childrens’ ✅Children’s Day 儿童节 ✅men’s jobs 男士们的工作 拓展：共同拥有vs分别拥有 A and B’s +单数名词：A 和 B共同拥有一样东西 Tom and Jack’s workshop 汤姆和杰克共有的工作室（同一间） A’s and B’s + 复数名词：A 和 B各自分别拥有 Tom’s and Jack’s workshops 汤姆的工作室和杰克的工作室（两间） 例句对比： This is Lisa and Amy’s office. 这是莉萨和埃米共用的办公室。 These are Lisa’s and Amy’s offices. 这些分别是莉萨和埃米的办公室。 ❌书写易错汇总 childrens’ (×) → children’s (✓)；worker’s (一位工人的)；workers’（多位工人的） 综合例句（融合物主代词+名词所有格） This is his notebook.（形物代+名词） This notebook is his.（名物代，无名词） This is the manager’s notebook.（名词所有格，经理的笔记本） 【配套练习】 一、用所给词适当形式填空 1.This is not my workstation. ________ (I) is near the window. 2.Mr Wang is ________ (we) supervisor. ________ (he) work is full of challenges. 3.—Is this Miss Gao’s uniform? —No, it isn’t ________ (she). 4.You must look after ________ (you) safety tools. They are ________ (you). 5.Their factory is huge, but ________ (our) is much smaller. 6.The little dog wags ________ (it) tail when meeting ________ (it) owner. 7.This isn’t ________ (they) project. ________ (they) is on the third floor. 8.I really enjoy ________ (my) new job, but ________ (she) is more meaningful. 9.Could you lend me ________ (you) notebook? ________ (I) has gone missing. 10.He seldom shares ________ (he) thoughts, while we often share ________ (we). 11.She loves ________ (she) career. What about ________ (you)? 12.Don’t touch that cat. ________ (it) claws are very sharp. 13.We have finished ________ (we) tasks. Have you finished ________ (you)? 14.That isn’t ________ (he) painting. ________ (he) is hanging on the back wall. 15.Every worker takes pride in ________ (they) own achievements. 16.My skills are limited, so I want to learn from ________ (they). 17.If your dream is big, hold on to ________ (you). 18.The company shows care for ________ (it) young workers. 19.—Whose files are these? Are they ________ (you)? —No, they are ________ (he). 20.Your idea sounds great, but ________ (we) is more practical. 二、单项选择 1.This position is ______. She has prepared for it for years. A. her B. hers C. she D. she’s 2.We hold our own goals, and they hold ______. A. theirs B. their C. them D. they 3.Please go to the ______ office. They are discussing new plans there. A. engineer’s B. engineers’ C. engineer D. engineers 4.—Whose safety helmets are these? —They are ______. A. my B. mine C. I D. me 5.______ Day draws near. Many activities will be held for young kids. A. Children’s B. Childrens’ C. Children D. Child’s 6.This is Alice and Wendy’s lab. It tells us that ______. A. they own two labs B. they share one lab C. the lab belongs only to Alice D. the lab belongs only to Wendy 7.The rabbit cleans ______ fur after running outside. A. it B. its C. it’s D. itself 8.Your suggestion is useful, but ______ is more valuable. A. his B. he C. him D. he’s 9.These are the ______ lockers. All the female workers store bags here. A. worker’s B. workers’ C. worker D. workers 10.This is not ______ report. ______ has already been handed in. A. our; Our B. ours; Ours C. our; Ours D. ours; Our 三、句型转换 1.This is my job.（改为同义句） This job ________ ________. 2.Those are their tools.（改为同义句） Those tools ________ ________. 3.That is the boy’s bag.（改为复数含义：男孩们的包） Those are the ________ ________. 4.These are our uniforms.（改为同义句） These uniforms ________ ________. 5.This is her office.（改为同义句） This office ________ ________. 6.It is the nurse’s pen.（改为复数含义：护士们的钢笔） They are the ________ ________. 7.That is your project.（改为同义句） That project ________ ________. 8.This is the child’s game.（改为复数含义：孩子们的游戏） This is the ________ ________. 9.Those are his paintings.（改为同义句） Those paintings ________ ________. 10.This is Mary and Lucy’s workshop.(改为分别拥有：Mary和 Lucy各自的工作室) These are ________ ________ and ________ ________. 四、汉译英 1.这不是我的工位，我的在窗户旁边。 ______________________________________________ 2.这位消防员的工作既危险又伟大。 ______________________________________________ 3.你们的计划很好，但他们的还需要修改。 ______________________________________________ 4.儿童节的时候，孩子们会收到许多礼物。 ______________________________________________ 5.她热爱她的工作，你的呢？ ______________________________________________ 6.这些是工人们的工具，请保管好。 ______________________________________________ 7.我们的办公室很小，他们的很大。 ______________________________________________ 8.那个男孩的梦想是成为一名工程师。 ______________________________________________ 9.— 这是谁的笔记本？ — 是他的。 ______________________________________________ 10.男士洗手间在走廊的尽头。 ______________________________________________ Keys 一、用所给词适当形式填空 1.Mine 2.our; His 3.hers 4.your; yours 5.ours 6.its; its 7.their; Theirs 8.my; hers 9.your; Mine 10.his; ours 11.her; yours 12.Its 13.our; yours 14.his; His 15.their 16.them 17.yours 18.its 19.yours; his 20.ours 二、单项选择 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.C 三、句型转换 1.is mine 2.are theirs 3.boys’ bags 4.are ours 5.is hers 6.nurses’ pens 7.is yours 8.children’s game 9.are his 10.Mary’s workshop; Lucy’s workshop 四、汉译英 1.This is not my work station. Mine is beside the window. 2.The fireman’s job is dangerous and great. 3.Your plan is good, but theirs needs changing. 4.On Children’s Day, children will get many gifts. 5.She loves her job. What about yours? 6.These are the workers’ tools. Please take good care of them. 7.Our office is small, but theirs is very big. 8.The boy’s dream is to become an engineer. 9.—Whose notebook is this? —It’s his. 10.The men’s room is at the end of the hallway. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $