上海市延安中学2023-2024学年第一学期9月质量调研高三年级英语试卷

2023学年第一学期9月质量调研高三年级英语试卷 (时间：120分钟，满分：140) I.Listening Comprehension (25) Section A Directions:In Section A,you'll hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversation and the question spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1.A.By watching the dragon boat races with his parents. B.By having a picnic in the mountain with some friends. C.By going to have a mountain picnic with his parents. D.By boating with his parents on the Dragon Boat Festival. 2.A.She didn't take the congratulation from the man seriously. B.She needed more time for further study than her classmates. C.She worked hard to improve her composition in fact. D.She should have spent time polishing her composition. 3.A.The man calls home as often as the woman. B.The man doesn't have time to call home often. C.The woman has nothing to do in the dormitory. D.The woman doesn't keep in touch with her family. 4.A.Attend a ball with the man B.Convene a committee meeting. C.Go to Bill's birthday party. D.Come face to face with her leader. 5.A.She seems to favour washing. B.She seldom goes shopping C.She never cooks at home D.She prefers shopping to washing 6.A.The heavy rain. B.The earthquake. C.The strong wind.D.The sandstorm 7.A.A vocation option.B.An online course. C.Earlier graduation.D.Summer vacatic 8.A.In a restaurant. B.In a laboratory. C.In a hospital. D.In a classroom. 9.A.Read the ingredient list on the bottle B.Make a decision based on their taste. C.Ask for the origin of grapes of wine. D.Examine the aroma of the wed wine. 10.A.He forgot to call up the woman. B.He finally made up his mind to buy a car C.He didn't mean to bother the woman. D.He didn't say he would call the woman 高 Section B Directions:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages and the conversation.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11.A.They thinned their coffee crops. B.They planted too much coffee crops. of each C.They occupied Venezuela's mountains. D.They drove away red siskins from the forest. will be 12.A.They can get funds from the government.B.They can sell the coffee beans at a higher price. answers C.They can prevent coffee plants disappearing.D.They can draw attention from more consumers. 13.A.Organic coffee beans with more production.B.Coffee farmers devoted to bird protection. C.A project intended to save an endangered bird.D.A private zoo serving as a breeding center. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14.A.Why people laugh. B.What good laughter does. C.How laughter can be collected. D.Who introduced World Laughter Day. 15.A.Social behavior. B.Something funny C.Stress and loneliness. D.The understanding of self. 16.A.People don't laugh while alone. B.People like to ask someone else to laugh. C.People are willing to laugh when asked to. D.People will fake a laugh while with a stranger. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17.A.The relationship between farmers,Ward and Sears. B.The development of the catalog sales business. C.The relationship between the catalog and textbooks. D.The story of a Chicago retailer in the late 1800s. 18.A.He wanted to keep up with Ward. B.He wanted to help his brother Ward. C.He thought this business was profitable. D.He enjoyed competition in this business. n plans. 19.A.City residents.B.Farmers. C.Business people. D.Students 20.A.The schools were lacking in textbooks at that time. B.They helped improve students'skills of spelling and adding. C.They helped students become familiar with a variety of goods. D.The students could order things from the catalogs. 英语试卷第1页共6页 II.Grammar and Vocabulary (20) Section A Directions:After reading the passages below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. The first Oxford word of the year to be chosen by public vote has been announced.The winning word, "goblin mode",is a slang term describing "unapologetically self-indulgent,lazy,or greedy"behaviour. Thousands managed to drag(21)out of goblin mode to vote,as the phrase won by a landslide with 318,956 votes,making up 93%of the total. It is the first time the word of the year(22) (choose)by the public,a decision made in a year organizers described as"more divided than ever".The president of Oxford Languages,Casper Grathwohl, said that he and his colleagues were "hoping the public would enjoy (23)(bring)into the process" Grathwohl added,"The level of engagement had caught us totally by surprise.The strength of the response highlights(24) important our vocabulary is to understanding who we are and processing what's happening to the world around us.Given the year we've just experienced,goblin mode'resonates with all of us who are feeling a little overwhelmed at this point"."It's a relief(25) (acknowledge) that we're not always the idealised,curated(精心策划的)selves that we're encouraged to present on our Instagram and TikTok feeds." The winning term was first seen on Twitter as early as 2009,(26)actually went viral on social media in February 2022 after being tweeted in a mocked-up headline. Goblin mode“embraces the comforts of depravity(堕落)”，wrote the Guardian technology reporter Kari Paul in March,who attributed the rise in the phrase's usage to "the pandemic's third year and the (27)1 (fear)launch of World War Three". The OUP noted that the usage of goblin mode rose in the first half of 2022,(28) Covid restrictions were being eased in many countries."Seemingly,it captured the prevailing mood of individuals who rejected the idea of returning to normal life',or rebelled(29) the increasingly unattainable aesthetic standards and unsustainable lifestyles exhibited on social media." Goblin mode joins previous Oxford words of the year"vax"(2021),"climate emergency"(2019),and "selfie"(2013).Other dictionaries have also selected 2022 words of the year:Collins chose "permacrisis" (30) Cambridge Dictionaries went for "homer,"which went viral in May thanks to the game Wordle Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be 高三英语试卷第 used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A.problematic B.current C.implications D.synthesize E.specialized F.power G.property H.conduct I.distributed J.issues K.credible On Saturday July 22,researchers in South Korea published a paper announcing the synthesis of what could be the world's first ambient-temperature superconductor(常温超导体)， If their findings are genuine,then the31are huge.But most experts are skeptical.Researchers around the world are trying to copy and check the Korean researchers'findings.The most32 attempts have found that LK-99-the name the Korean researchers gave the material-is not actually superconductive at room temperatures. A superconductor is a material that can levitate (in a magnetic field and 33 electricity without resistance-when cables get hot,that's because of resistance.There are a number of materials that exhibit superconductivity at temperatures ranging from 4 Kelvin,-452.5F,for mercury to 250 Kelvin, -9.7F,for lanthanum hydride under high pressures.The large magnetic fields required for MRI scanners, for example,are generated by passing a large34 through a superconductor(typically MRI machines use niobium titanium superconductors cooled to below 9.3 Kelvin,-442.9F,using liquid helium). But the low temperatures required mean that superconductors can only be used in35 settings. Scientists have long been searching for a material that exhibits ambient-temperature superconductivity-in other words,a material that wouldn't need to be cooled in order to be useful. Ambient-temperature superconductors could be used to create efficient electricity grids -currently around 5%of energy sent and36 in the U.S.is lost due to resistance.Computer chips made with superconducting materials could be 50 to 100 times as efficient as today's computer chips, which would help reduce the climate cost of data centers that 37 the Internet's most popular sites. There are a number of38with the quality of the papers,says Simon Clarke,a professor of chemistry at the University of Oxford.The Korean researchers did not 39 a pure sample of LK-99, which is made by introducing a small amount of copper(铜)into a lead-phosphate mineral(磷酸铅)，and they didn't carry out the types of analysis usually used to verify the structure of a newly discovered material.While they did report a measurement of no resistance,Clarke stressed measuring resistance reliably requires a pure sample,something that the Korean team did not produce. The researchers also uploaded a video of a sample of LK-99 partially levitating.However,levitation could just mean that the material is diamagnetic(抗a磁性的)-a common.40 found in many materials including copper-says Clarke. III.Reading Comprehension (45) 湾2页共6页 Section A Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Exams are stressful.The silence of the hall;the eye of the invigilator )the 41 expression of the person sitting at the neighbouring desk who has finished 15 minutes early.It therefore seems42 surprising that those who worry about taking tests do systematically worse than those who do not.What is, perhaps,43,according to research published recently in Psychological Science by Maria Theobald and her colleagues,is that it is not the pressure of the exam hall which causes the problem.It is the pressure of 44. Dr Theobald theorised that if anxiety was truly45with a student's ability to transfer known information from brain to paper via pen,then those with high levels of it would perform worse in a real exam than in either a mock (beforehand or during online practice sessions.46,she expected this performance-drop to correlate with levels of self-reported exam nerves. She then worked with 309 German medical students who were preparing for their final state exam.During the 100 days before the actual papers,all her volunteers used a digital-learning platform which presented them with old exam questions and47 their performance.They also sat a mock examination 40 days before the real thing.To48their levels of anxiety,they were asked,every day for 40 days in the run up to the real exam and also on the day of that exam,to respond on a five-point scale to statements like,"I feel tense and nervous".On the day of the mock they were similarly asked to 49 statements like,"I worry whether I have studied enough". Contrary to Dr Theobald's expectation,anxiety on the day of the test did not predict exam performance at all.What did predict it was the level of knowledge a student displayed in the mock exam and the earlier digital-learning activities.Those who performed well in these also did well in the real thing, 50 how anxious they were on the day. What actually 51 students,it turned out,were high levels of anxiety during the weeks before the exam took place.The greater a student's anxiety in the days before the exam,the lower his or her knowledge-gain was during that period,leaving that student with less material to regurgitate ( during the exam itself. And this,.paradoxically(自相矛盾似地)，is a positive discovery,for it suggests a change of52 to revision by the anxious might help improve their results.Dr Theobald notes that test-anxiety is at its worst when students have53 expectations of success and simultaneously know that passing the exam is exceedingly important.To reduce this anxiety,she proposes a two-fold strategy for students to consider as they revise.First,they can raise their belief in their own54 by reminding themselves of just how much they know.Second,they can decrease the55 of the test by reminding themselves that. while it is important,it is not a life or death situation.It really isn't.Really... 高三英语试卷 41.A.puzzled B.satisfied C.pained D.worried 42.A.extremely B.wholly C.hardly D.slightly 43.A.critical B.predictable C.coincident D.surprising 44.A.revision B.anxiety C.expectancy D.complexity 45.A.interfering B.agreeing C.struggling D.engaging 46.A.Therefore B.Nevertheless C.Moreover D.Instead 47.A.boosted B.logged C.drilled D.affected 48.A.function B.exceed C.assess D.relieve 49.A.rate B.respond C.confirm D.answer 50.A.in spite of B.regardless of C.contrary to D.in line with 51.A.prevented B.predicted C.dismissed D.comforted 52.A.resolution B.medication C.approach D.mentality 53.A.optimistic B.low C.reasonable D.unrealistic 54.A.forces B.blessings C.abilities D.merits 55.A.pressure B.significance C.anxiety D.security Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The rise of new social media platforms often leads to worries that their content might increase the risk of eating disorders.But these concerns predate by far the arrival of TikTok or Instagram.The New York Times ran an article in 1985 entitled "Anorexia:It's Not a New Disease."It quoted one scholar who reminded readers that thinness was fashionable in the 19th century,when it was thought that"if you looked too robust,you looked like a working woman." To be sure,the vast scope of social media has changed the way young people organize their social life. Today adolescents use it for everything from school scheduling to classwork to arranging their social life. They also use it to connect with people like themselves who might be harder to find in the physical world, especially if they are marginalized in other ways.Autistic teens,for example,or those who identify as transgender,especially in places where that identity could carry risk,can find one another in these communities. Many adolescents view aspects of their social media experiences as positive,but the platforms may 第3页共6页 pose risks for a vulnerable group.The advice for mitigating (harm related to an issue such as an eating disorder has stayed the same for decades:approach media consumption with a critical eye and a healthy dose of literacy about the content you are interacting with. Unlike television or print,social media relies on algorithms that "constantly monitor and engage you,"says Komal Bhatia,who co-authored a recent review on public health aspects of disordered eating and social media exposure.She and her UCL colleague Alexandra Dane concluded that social media is a "plausible risk factor"in developing eating disorders. With the power to push out far more images than traditional media,"social media,in that essence,is different"because site runners are "only too happy for us to put our pictures of ourselves out there," Bhatia says.Users must get into the habit of considering the reality of images purporting (to represent a“normal,"“average”or“desirable”body.What many users see on social media represents“a modified reality to some degree,"she says. Guiding young people to develop critical skills makes it possible for them to be proactive and is preferable to just telling them they can't use these platforms.A draconian()approach does little to equip them with the skills they need,and they can still get the negative messages some other way. 56.We can learn from paragraph one that A.social media platforms are to blame for anorexia in all times B.Instagram is renowned for promoting the eating disorders C.being a robust woman was fashionable in New York in 1985 D.the impact of social media on eating disorders is nothing new 57.Who might benefit from the social media most? A.Seniors who are often marginalized in society B.Teens who like interacting with the like-minded C.Juveniles who prefer arranging others'social life D.Administers who are in charge of school scheduling 58.What is recommended to mitigate the harm like eating disorders? A.Criticism against updates of the social media. B.More healthy doses from literacy experts. C.Moderate but critical media consumption. D.Constant interaction with the social media. 59.Which of the following statements is NOT the reason why social media lead to concerns over the risk of eating disorders? A.Users are kept more engaged due to the algorithm. B.There is a stronger impulse to push out pictures. 高三英语试卷多 C.Cellphones enables easier access to the platform. D.Presenting modified realities is commonplace. (B) Summer is the perfect time to relax,unwind,and indulge in the joy of reading.As a book lover, there's nothing quite like immersing()yourself in an appealing story while basking in the warm sun or lounging on a sandy beach. However,with the vast selection of paperback books available,it can be overwhelming to decide which ones to choose for your summer reading adventure.Don't worry!Bookhound,the leading online destination for book enthusiasts has you covered.Designed to revolutionise the way people discover, discuss,and indulge in their love for books,Bookhound offers an unparalleled experience that will delight avid readers and casual bookworms alike. Must-read novels for summer Decided on a theme you like?If so,here are some must-read novels that are guaranteed to make your summer even more memorable.These books have been carefully selected for their fascinating plots, engaging writing styles,and ability to transport readers to another world. "The Great Gatsby'by F.Scott Fitzgerald:This American classic is a timeless tale of love,wealth,and the pursuit of the American Dream.Set in the vibrant Jazz Age,it explores themes of decadence,illusion,and the lengths people will go to achieve their desires. "Big Little Lies"by Liane Moriarty:If you're in the mood for a juicy page-turner,look no further than this gripping novel.Set in a tranquil seaside town,it delves into the lives of three women whose seemingly perfect lives unravel to reveal dark secrets and shocking truths. "To Kill a Mockingbird"by Harper Lee:This Pulitzer Prize-winning novel is a true literary masterpiece.Through the eyes of young Scout Finch,it tackles themes of racial injustice,morality,and the loss of innocence in the Deep South during the 1930s. Want some more recommendations?Bookhound can also help you engage in dynamic literary discussions and seek out like-minded bibliophiles,so if you're looking for some debate around your next captivating read,don't forget to log onto their website and meet other book lovers from around the globe. 60.Which of the following features does makes the must-read novels well-received? A.One unexpected plot twist. B.Sensory details to engage readers. 第4页共6页 C.Transportation into another setting. D.Characters with appealing backstories. 61.We can learn from the recommended must-read novels that A.they are stories that occurred around the 1930s. B.they are solely targeted at casual bookworms. C.they are distinct from each other in the theme. D.they are selected as they are prize-winning ones. 62.Which of the following is TRUE about Bookhound? A.Bookhound provides readers with a sand beach where they can indulge in reading books. B.An abundance of paperback books and e-books can be found available from Bookhound. C.Bookhound can serve as a vehicle for literary discussions for readers around the globe. D.Global paperback readers can interact with each other at Bookhound without the internet. (C) For some employees who worked at home during the pandemic-perhaps rediscovering nature and a different rhythm of life-a return to the office may come with a surprise.Forward-looking companies are trying a new way to attract and retain workers:workplaces where nature transforms former cubicles and meeting rooms into tranquil alcoves and flexible communal spaces. The idea is not new.Think spider plants near office windows.And it builds on a deeper concept called biophilia,a term coined by social psychologist and philosopher Erich Fromm in 1964 that assumes an innate human connection to and love for nature and all living things.Yet in recent years,more architects and designers have been translating biophilia into commercial buildings.The pandemic has accelerated the trend. Its promoters put a focus not only on the mental effects of nature but also on the origins of health.In a CNBC interview,Rick Cook,biophilic pioneer and architect in the New York borough of Manhattan. describes linking humanity and nature through design as"enjoying the richness and complexity of nature and using the amazing ecosystem as a stress reduction tool to make our lives better."More than livening up the office with a scattering of potted plants,biophilic design brings the outside in with immersive experiences. Companies with deep pockets such as Google and Amazon are blazing the biophilic path:Google's Manhattan campus-designed by Mr.Cook's firm-welcomes birds,caterpillars,and bees(and honey);in Arlington,Virginia,a 350-foot plant-covered tower rises in the shape of a double helix above Amazon's new headquarters.Biophilic buildings can feature air-cleaning green walls,natural materials like wood, calming ponds and waterfalls,circadian lights that mimic daylight,and sounds and scents found in nature. Flexible open space can foster collaborative creativity and more mobility;individual cocoons,as in Etsy's Manhattan offices,nurture sustained focus. "We're looking to create workplaces that reduce stress,improve cognitive function,enhance 高三英语试卷多 creativity-all of these make our employees healthier,happier and more engaged in their work,"Michele Neptune of Google's sustainability team told the Financial Times. A lofty goal.Meanwhile,returning workers can relax."We're blurring the line between work and home,"Asheshh Saheba,managing partner at architecture firm Steinberg Hart in San Francisco,told CNBC."Your office doesn't have to be enclosed at your desk."It can also lead to a rediscovery of the mental origins of health. 63.What might come as a surprise to some employees after returning to the office? A.Numerous spider toys and plastic plants near office windows. B.Recruiting more employees who are enthusiastic about nature. C.A workplace where employees don't need to attend meetings. D.Renovated offices whose design reconnect people with nature. 64.We can infer from the passage that biophilic design is beneficial except for A.elevated focus levels B.improved mental health C.increased inventiveness D.lowered energy costs 65.What does the underlined sentence "We're blurring the line between work and home"in the last paragraph mean? A.The workplace intends to accommodate employees if they apply. B.Employees are encouraged to work more at home instead of offices. C.The visual separation between work and home is being created. D.Companies are starting to make offices look and feel like home. 66.The passage probably aims to_ A.persuade other forward-looking companies to embrace the biophilic design. B.highlight the importance of applying the novel idea"biophilia"to workplaces. C.inform the readers that companies are increasing human connection to nature. D.introduce the financial benefits of employees since their return to the office. Section C Directions:Fill in each blank in the article with a proper sentence given below.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A.Officials from Beijing to Phoenix are grappling with unbearable temperatures. B.The appointment of chief heat officers empowered to co-ordinate such things in American cities,and farther afield,is a welcome trend. C.While heat planning is still so new,a new report highlights exciting accomplishments in innovation of heat mitigation. D.It is crucial to work out where the people at greatest risk live. E.Much of the Mediterranean is in similar straits,with temperatures exceeding 40C from 第5页共6页 Madrid to Cairo. F.Less vegetation,more sunlight-absorbing tarmac and more waste heat produce what is called the urban-heat-island effect,raising temperatures. THE BEST thing that has happened in Phoenix,Arizona,since the beginning of July is that the electricity grid has kept functioning.There have been deaths from heat stroke and there will be more;there has been a lot of suffering;and there will have been real economic losses. It is not just the United States,where 100m people are under heat-advisory notices,that is suffering 67 By increasing the odds of a wide range of extreme events,global warming also increases the chances that they will come in waves. Unbearable heat does damage in various ways,including killing crops and livestock,but the immediate challenge it poses to human health is greatest in cities. 68 Cities also often have poor air quality,particularly in the places where the poorest people live;extreme heat on top of dirty air can stretch already hard-pressed lungs and hearts too far. There are things to do as soon as the mercury rises.Get homeless people to cooling stations; encourage people to look in on elderly neighbours and relatives;make it possible for those who must work outside to do so very early in the morning,put hospitals on an emergency footing. 69 There are also things to be done in advance.70One thing that can help is deciding where to plant trees,which both provide shade and,as water evaporates through their leaves,cool the air.There are smart choices to be made about the built environment,from the best sort of pavement and courtyards designed for passive cooling to the prevalence of white roofs. V.Summary(10分) Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated.Use your own words as far as possible. 71. What Stands in Our Way of Being Happy? Happiness comprises five elements:spiritual well-being,physical well-being,intellectual well-being, relational well-being,and emotional well-being.As an interdependent collection of these five elements of SPIRE,happiness is about much more than experiencing pleasure. As Aristotle put it,happiness is the ultimate purpose of life.This means that how we spend our day-to-day lives is ultimately guided by what we think would make us happier.It simply is,like the law of nature.Even people who are tirelessly working for an important cause,for example,to eliminate world hunger,are doing it because they find their work meaningful.Meaning is an element of happiness. 高三英语试卷笺 One barrier to happiness has to do with the expectation that happiness is an unbroken chain of positive emotions.Paradoxically,this expectation prevents people from experiencing happiness because painful emotions don't go away when we reject them.They only grow stronger. The second barrier has to do with equating happiness with success.It's a commonly held belief that happiness can be attained by achieving certain goals,like money or fame.People tend to think that if they finally find success,they will automatically become happy.That's not the case.Thus,if happiness is their concern,people are often chasing after the wrong things. What is the best way to pursue happiness?Indirectly.Consider the analogy with the sun.Imagine you go outside on a beautiful day.If you look up at the sun directly,you'll hurt yourself.But if you take the same sun rays and break them down using a prism,you'll be able to enjoy the colors of a rainbow. Similarly,pursuing happiness directly can hurt us,pursuing it indirectly-by breaking it down into its metaphorical colors(such as the SPIRE elements)-can contribute to our well-being.Spending more time doing things that are meaningful to us,starting a meditation practice,exercising,performing acts of kindness,learning something new,or expressing gratitude for what we have,are all indirect ways of pursuing happiness. V.Translation(15分) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets. 72.在最具影响力的十位天文学家中，你认为谁对世界贡献最大？(contribute) 73.人间四月芳菲尽，山寺桃花始盛开。(until) 74.这个城镇地处荒无人烟的地区，它的存在主要得益于丰富的矿藏和辛勤劳作的工人。(ow) 75.赤道是一条环绕地球的虚拟线，在那里你会惊讶地发现自己的体重会比在南极洲轻了一点。 (where) VI.Guided Writing (25) Directions:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的高三学生吴磊。在学校统一规定的午餐时间里，三个年级的学生会集中到 食堂就餐。在这当中，存在一些学生“争分夺秒”奔跑去食堂就餐的现象。为杜绝这一现象，校方 委托学生会向同学们征集意见，请你向学生会写封邮件。内容须包括： 1.提出问题；2.提出改进的建议及理由。 6页共6页 2023学年第一学期9月质量调研高三年级英语试卷 I.Listening Comprehension SectionA 1-5 ACBDA 6-10 CDCBA Section B 11-13ABC14-16ABA17-20BCBB I.Grammar and Vocabulary SectionA 21.themselves 22.has been chosen 23.being brought 24.who 25.to acknowledge 26.but 27.feared 28.when 29.against 30.while Section B 31-35 CKHBE 36-40 IFJDG II.Reading SectionA 41-45 BCDAA 46-50 CBCAB 51-55ACBCB Section B 56-59 DBCC 60-62CCC 63-66 DDDC SectionC 67-70 EFBD III.Summary Constituted of spiritual,physical,intellectual,relational and emotional elements,happiness is the meaning and aim of life.However,the expectation that happiness is without painful emotions and the belief that success equals happiness prevent people being happy.Therefore,happiness is more within people's reach if they attain it indirectly,breaking it down into its elements.(55words) IV.Translation 72.在最具影响力的十位天文学家中，你认为谁对世界贡献最大？(contribute) Who do you think has contributed most to the world among the 10 most influential astronomers? 73.人间四月芳菲尽，山寺桃花始盛开。(until) The peach blossoms in the hill temple don't bloom until the (late)April when all the flowers in the outside world fade 74.这个城镇地处荒无人烟的地区，它的存在主要得益于丰富的矿藏和辛勤劳作的工人。(ow) The town in this wilderness(area)owes its existence mainly to rich mineral deposits and diligent workers. 75.赤道是一条环绕地球的虚拟线，在那里你会惊讶地发现自己的体重会比在南极洲轻了一点。(where) The equator is an imaginary line circling the Earth,where you will be amazed to find that you weigh a bit less than in Antarctica.