2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册_语法专题突破卷

**基本信息** 以8大核心语法专题为单元，通过表格化知识梳理、易错点精准突破及分层训练，系统构建语法应用能力，提升语言理解与表达的思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法要点梳理|表格对比|通过项目、说明、例句三维对比，构建语法概念体系|从定义到结构再到实例，形成完整认知链条| |考点突破|4-5个易错点|分类归纳易错情形（如时态标志词、被动语态特殊用法）|针对语法应用中的典型错误，建立避错策略| |基础达标|10题单选|聚焦语法规则直接应用，强化基础识别能力|从单一语法点辨析到简单语境运用，逐步过渡| |能力提升|5转换+5翻译|句型转换训练结构变形，翻译强化语境表达|实现从规则记忆到灵活运用的能力跃升|

2026秋 人教版英语 九年级上册 语法专题突破卷 （8大语法专题 · 知识梳理 + 考点精讲 + 专项练习 + 答案解析） 使用说明 1. 本书共8个语法专题，对应九年级上册8个单元的核心语法点。 2. 每个专题包含：①语法要点梳理（表格化）②考点突破（易错点提醒）③基础达标（单项选择10题）④能力提升（句型转换5题+翻译5题）⑤答案与解析。 3. 建议每学完一个单元语法后做对应专题，也可用于期中、期末系统复习。 4. 所有例句和练习题均围绕教材内容设计，与课本内容一致。 目录 专题1 Unit 1 现在完成时与一般过去时的比较 1 专题2 Unit 2 It is/was + 形容词 + (of/for sb) to do sth 与 It is/was + 形容词 + that从句 5 专题3 Unit 3 宾语从句（that, if, whether引导） 9 专题4 Unit 4 宾语从句（疑问词引导） 13 专题5 Unit 5 被动语态（一般现在时与一般过去时） 17 专题6 Unit 6 被动语态（一般将来时） 21 专题7 Unit 7 关系从句（定语从句）（that, which, who引导） 25 专题8 Unit 8 主谓一致 29 专题1 Unit 1 现在完成时与一般过去时的比较 一、语法要点梳理 项目 说明 例句 一般过去时 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。 yesterday, last week, in 2017, ...ago, just now 现在完成时 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。 already, yet, just, ever, never, for, since, over the last few years, so far 构成区别 一般过去时：主语+动词过去式；现在完成时：主语+have/has+动词过去分词 He became a friend... (过去时) / They haven't seen each other... (完成时) 二、考点突破（易错点提醒） 1. 有明确的过去时间状语（yesterday, in 2017, ...ago）时，只能用一般过去时，不能用现在完成时。 2. since+时间点/从句，for+时间段，是现在完成时的标志性时间状语。 3. have been to 表示'去过某地（已回）'；have gone to 表示'去了某地（未回）'；have been in 表示'在某地待了多久'。 4. 短暂性动词（buy, borrow, arrive, join, die等）不能与for/since引导的一段时间连用，需转换为延续性动词（buy→have, borrow→keep, arrive→be in, join→be in, die→be dead）。 三、基础达标（单项选择） 1. —______ you ______ to the new library yet? —No, I ______ there was a new library. A. Did; go; didn't know B. Have; been; didn't know C. Have; gone; haven't known D. Did; go; haven't known 2. My uncle ______ in this village since he ______ born. A. has lived; was B. lived; was C. has lived; is D. lived; is 3. Great changes ______ in my hometown over the last 10 years. A. took place B. have taken place C. were taken place D. have been taken place 4. —How long ______ you ______ this book? —For only a week. A. have; bought B. did; buy C. have; had D. do; have 5. The old man ______ in 2019. He ______ for over 7 years. A. died; has died B. has died; died C. died; has been dead D. has died; has been dead 6. —Where is Tom? —He ______ to the library. He ______ there twice this month. A. has gone; has been B. has been; has gone C. went; went D. has gone; went 7. I ______ this movie twice. It's really wonderful. A. saw B. have seen C. see D. will see 8. They ______ each other since they ______ in 2005. A. haven't seen; met B. didn't see; met C. haven't seen; have met D. didn't see; have met 9. —______ you ever ______ to Beijing? —Yes, I ______ there last summer. A. Did; go; went B. Have; been; went C. Have; gone; have gone D. Did; go; have gone 10. Our village ______ just ______ a new hospital. A. has; built B. has; build C. did; build D. was; built 四、能力提升 （一）句型转换 1. He bought this car three years ago. (改为同义句) He ______ ______ this car ______ three years. 2. The film began ten minutes ago. (改为同义句) The film ______ ______ ______ for ten minutes. 3. They have lived here since 2010. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ ______ they lived here? 4. She has already finished her homework. (改为否定句) She ______ finished her homework ______. 5. I have been to Shanghai twice. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ ______ have you been to Shanghai? （二）翻译句子 1. 在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes have taken place in my hometown over the last few years. 2. 他自从2020年就住在这里了。 He has lived here since 2020. 3. 我爸爸去北京了，他下周三回来。 My father has gone to Beijing. He will come back next Wednesday. 4. 这本书我已经买了三年了。 I have had this book for three years. 5. 你曾经去过长城吗？ Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 五、答案与解析 【单项选择】 1. B yet是现在完成时标志；'不知道有新图书馆'是过去的动作，用一般过去时。 2. A since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。 3. B over the last 10 years是现在完成时标志；take place无被动语态。 4. C How long与延续性动词连用，buy是短暂性动词，需转换为have。 5. C in 2019用一般过去时；for over 7 years需用延续性动词be dead。 6. A has gone to表示去了未回；has been to表示去过已回。 7. B twice表示到目前为止的次数，用现在完成时。 8. A since+过去时间点，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 9. B ever是现在完成时标志；last summer用一般过去时。 10. A just是现在完成时标志，用has/have+过去分词。 【句型转换】 1. He ______ ______ this car ______ three years. 2. The film ______ ______ ______ for ten minutes. 3. ______ ______ ______ they lived here? 4. She ______ finished her homework ______. 5. ______ ______ ______ have you been to Shanghai? 【翻译句子】 1. Great changes have taken place in my hometown over the last few years. 2. He has lived here since 2020. 3. My father has gone to Beijing. He will come back next Wednesday. 4. I have had this book for three years. 5. Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 专题2 Unit 2 It is/was + 形容词 + (of/for sb) to do sth 与 It is/was + 形容词 + that从句 一、语法要点梳理 项目 说明 例句 It is + adj. + for sb + to do sth 形容词描述事物的性质（important, necessary, difficult, easy, possible等），for表示'对某人来说'。 It is important for us to learn English well. It is + adj. + of sb + to do sth 形容词描述人的品质或性格（kind, nice, brave, wise, clever, foolish, polite等），of表示'某人（做某事）真是太……了'。 It was brave of him to save the child. It is/was + adj. + that从句 that引导主语从句，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句。 It is amazing that he did research in physics and chemistry. 判断of还是for 如果形容词能修饰人（sb is adj.），用of；如果形容词修饰事情（to do sth is adj.），用for。 It's kind of you... (You are kind.) / It's hard for me... (To do it is hard.) 二、考点突破（易错点提醒） 1. of sb句型中的形容词通常是描述人的品质：kind, nice, clever, wise, brave, foolish, polite, rude, good, bad等。 2. for sb句型中的形容词通常是描述事情的难易、重要性等：important, necessary, difficult, easy, hard, possible, impossible, useful等。 3. It is/was + adj. + that从句中，that在口语中常可省略。 4. 这两个句型可以互相转换：It is important that we should learn English well. = It is important for us to learn English well. 三、基础达标（单项选择） 1. It's very nice ______ you to help me with my English. A. for B. of C. to D. with 2. ______ is important for us ______ enough sleep every day. A. It; to get B. That; to get C. It; getting D. That; getting 3. It was brave ______ the soldier to save the boy from the fire. A. for B. of C. to D. in 4. ______ amazing that he could remember so many words. A. It is B. That is C. This is D. What is 5. It's necessary ______ students ______ English every day. A. for; reading B. of; reading C. for; to read D. of; to read 6. It was wise ______ Confucius to treat elders with respect. A. for B. of C. to D. about 7. ______ difficult for him ______ the work in such a short time. A. It's; finishing B. That's; to finish C. It's; to finish D. That's; finishing 8. It is really kind ______ you to support and encourage me. A. for B. of C. to D. at 9. It was inspiring ______ Professor Gui's dream came true through hard work. A. that B. what C. which D. how 10. It's impossible ______ us ______ the work in one day. A. for; finish B. of; to finish C. for; to finish D. of; finish 四、能力提升 （一）句型转换 1. To learn English well is important for us. (改为同义句) ______ ______ important for us ______ ______ English well. 2. You are very kind to help me. (改为同义句) ______ very kind ______ you to help me. 3. It is necessary that we should listen to our teacher. (改为简单句) It is necessary ______ ______ ______ listen to our teacher. 4. It was great of him to develop a new kind of rice. (改为that从句) ______ ______ great ______ he developed a new kind of rice. 5. It is difficult for me to solve this problem. (改为否定句) ______ ______ difficult for me to solve this problem. （二）翻译句子 1. 对我们来说，每天锻炼是很重要的。 It is important for us to exercise every day. 2. 你真是太好了，借给我这本书。 It's very kind of you to lend me this book. 3. 他能在这么短的时间内完成这项工作，真是令人惊奇。 It is amazing that he could finish the work in such a short time. 4. 在那些日子里做这种工作对他来说很困难。 It was difficult for him to do that kind of work back in those days. 5. 他从未忘记自己的使命，这真是令人钦佩。 It is admirable that he never forgot his task. 五、答案与解析 【单项选择】 1. B nice描述人的品质，用of。 2. A It is + adj. + for sb + to do sth固定句型。 3. B brave描述人的品质，用of。 4. A It is + adj. + that从句，it作形式主语。 5. C necessary描述事情，用for；后接to do。 6. B wise描述人的品质，用of。 7. C It is + adj. + for sb + to do sth。 8. B kind描述人的品质，用of。 9. A It is/was + adj. + that从句。 10. C impossible描述事情，用for；后接to do。 【句型转换】 1. ______ ______ important for us ______ ______ English well. 2. ______ very kind ______ you to help me. 3. It is necessary ______ ______ ______ listen to our teacher. 4. ______ ______ great ______ he developed a new kind of rice. 5. ______ ______ difficult for me to solve this problem. 【翻译句子】 1. It is important for us to exercise every day. 2. It's very kind of you to lend me this book. 3. It is amazing that he could finish the work in such a short time. 4. It was difficult for him to do that kind of work back in those days. 5. It is admirable that he never forgot his task. 专题3 Unit 3 宾语从句（that, if, whether引导） 一、语法要点梳理 项目 说明 例句 that引导 that在从句中不作成分，无实际意义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 I believe (that) reading is important for learning. if/whether引导 意为'是否'，在从句中不作成分，但不能省略。if常用于口语，whether更正式，可与or not连用。 I wonder if/whether you could help me. 语序 宾语从句必须用陈述语序（主语+谓语），不能用疑问语序。 Do you know where he lives? (不能说where does he live) 时态呼应 主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要用各种时态；主句是一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态（客观真理除外）。 He said (that) he was reading. / The teacher told us (that) the earth goes around the sun. 二、考点突破（易错点提醒） 1. if和whether都表示'是否'，但以下情况只能用whether：①与or not连用；②介词后；③动词不定式前；④引导主语从句、表语从句。 2. that引导的宾语从句，如果主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect等，且主语是第一人称，从句的否定要前移到主句（否定转移）。 3. 宾语从句的引导词that在下列情况下不能省略：①从句前有插入语；②有多个that引导的并列从句，第二个及以后的that不能省略；③从句的主语是that时。 三、基础达标（单项选择） 1. I believe ______ reading is important for learning in general. A. what B. that C. which D. who 2. —Do you know ______ he will come tomorrow? —I'm not sure. He may come. A. that B. if C. what D. which 3. Could you tell me ______? A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where did he live D. where he lived 4. He asked me ______ I had read English books outside class. A. that B. what C. whether D. which 5. I don't know ______ or not he will agree with us. A. if B. whether C. that D. what 6. The teacher said that the earth ______ around the sun. A. go B. goes C. went D. going 7. —I think ______ you are right. —I don't think ______. A. that; so B. if; that C. that; it D. whether; so 8. She wondered ______ she could take part in the research project. A. that B. what C. whether D. which 9. My parents think ______ they need to be stricter about my studies. A. what B. that C. if D. whether 10. I want to know ______ you could help me with my English. A. that B. what C. whether D. which 四、能力提升 （一）句型转换 1. 'Reading is important for learning,' I believe. (合并为含宾语从句的复合句) I believe ______ reading ______ important for learning. 2. Will it rain tomorrow? I wonder. (合并为含宾语从句的复合句) I wonder ______ it ______ rain tomorrow. 3. Does he read English books outside class? I want to know. (合并) I want to know ______ he ______ English books outside class. 4. He is right. I think. (改为否定句) I ______ think he ______ right. 5. 'The sun rises in the east,' the teacher said. (合并) The teacher said ______ the sun ______ in the east. （二）翻译句子 1. 我相信阅读对整体学习很重要。 I believe (that) reading is important for learning in general. 2. 我想知道你是否能帮我。 I wonder if/whether you could help me. 3. 你能告诉我这个句子用英语是否正确吗？ Could you tell me whether/if this sentence is correct in English? 4. 他认为他们需要对我的学习更严格。 He thinks (that) they need to be stricter about my studies. 5. 老师说地球绕着太阳转。 The teacher said (that) the earth goes around the sun. 五、答案与解析 【单项选择】 1. B that引导宾语从句，不作成分，可省略。 2. B 根据答语'不确定'，可知问的是'是否'，用if/whether。 3. B 宾语从句用陈述语序；could表示委婉请求，不表示过去，从句用一般现在时。 4. C asked后接宾语从句，根据句意'是否在课外读英语书'，用whether。 5. B 与or not连用时，只能用whether，不能用if。 6. B 客观真理用一般现在时，不受主句时态影响。 7. A that引导宾语从句；I don't think so是固定表达。 8. C wondered后接宾语从句，根据句意'是否能参加'，用whether。 9. B that引导宾语从句，不作成分。 10. C 根据句意'是否能帮我学英语'，用whether/if。 【句型转换】 1. I believe ______ reading ______ important for learning. 2. I wonder ______ it ______ rain tomorrow. 3. I want to know ______ he ______ English books outside class. 4. I ______ think he ______ right. 5. The teacher said ______ the sun ______ in the east. 【翻译句子】 1. I believe (that) reading is important for learning in general. 2. I wonder if/whether you could help me. 3. Could you tell me whether/if this sentence is correct in English? 4. He thinks (that) they need to be stricter about my studies. 5. The teacher said (that) the earth goes around the sun. 专题4 Unit 4 宾语从句（疑问词引导） 一、语法要点梳理 项目 说明 例句 引导词 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how, how many, how much, how long, how often等引导。 I don't understand what she's going through. 语序 疑问词引导的宾语从句必须用陈述语序（疑问词+主语+谓语），不能用疑问语序。 Could you tell me why it is easy to forget a word? (不能说why is it) 时态呼应 主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要用各种时态；主句是一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态。 She couldn't remember where she put the ticket. 与简单句转换 当主句和从句主语一致时，'疑问词+从句'可转换为'疑问词+动词不定式'。 I don't know what I should do. = I don't know what to do. 二、考点突破（易错点提醒） 1. 疑问词在从句中充当成分（主语、宾语、状语等），不能省略。 2. 注意区分what和which：what表示'什么'，无范围限制；which表示'哪一个'，有范围限制。 3. how long问'多久'（时间段），how often问'多久一次'（频率），how soon问'多久以后'（将来时间），how many问'多少'（可数），how much问'多少'（不可数/价格）。 4. 宾语从句可以和'疑问词+不定式'结构互换，但前提是主句主语和从句主语一致。 三、基础达标（单项选择） 1. I can't remember ______ things you asked me to buy. A. that B. what C. which D. if 2. Could you tell me ______ it is easy to forget a word? A. why B. that C. what D. which 3. I don't understand ______ she's going through. A. that B. what C. which D. if 4. —Do you know ______ the bookstore closes? —At 9:00 p.m. A. when B. where C. how D. why 5. She cannot remember ______ she put the opera ticket. A. that B. what C. where D. which 6. Bob does not know ______ took his wallet. A. who B. whom C. what D. which 7. —Could you please show me ______ I can get to the airport? —Sure. Take the subway. A. what B. how C. where D. why 8. I want to know ______ book I borrowed last month. A. that B. what C. which D. if 9. He wondered ______ happened to his mother. A. that B. what C. which D. if 10. —Do you know ______ he lives? —Yes. He lives in Beijing. A. where B. when C. why D. how 四、能力提升 （一）句型转换 1. Where did she put the ticket? I can't remember. (合并) I can't remember ______ she ______ the ticket. 2. What should I do? I don't know. (改为简单句) I don't know ______ ______ ______. 3. Why is it easy to forget a word? Could you tell me? (合并) Could you tell me ______ it ______ easy to forget a word? 4. When does the next test begin? Can you tell me? (合并) Can you tell me ______ the next test ______? 5. He said, 'Where are you going?' (改为宾语从句) He asked me where ______ ______ going. （二）翻译句子 1. 我记不清你让我买什么东西了。 I can't remember what things you asked me to buy. 2. 你能告诉我为什么容易忘记一个单词吗？ Could you tell me why it is easy to forget a word? 3. 她不记得把歌剧票放在哪里了。 She cannot remember where she put the opera ticket. 4. 我不明白她正在经历什么。 I don't understand what she's going through. 5. 你能告诉我在哪里可以坐公交车去机场吗？ Could you please show me where I can get a bus to the airport? 五、答案与解析 【单项选择】 1. B what在从句中作定语，修饰things，表示'什么东西'。 2. A 根据句意'为什么容易忘词'，用why引导宾语从句。 3. B what在从句中作go through的宾语，表示'她正在经历什么'。 4. A 根据答语'晚上9点'，可知问的是时间，用when。 5. C 根据句意'她把歌剧票放在哪里了'，用where引导宾语从句。 6. A who在从句中作主语，表示'谁拿走了他的钱包'。 7. B 根据答语'乘地铁'，可知问的是方式，用how。 8. C which表示'哪一本'，有范围限制。 9. B what在从句中作主语，表示'他妈妈发生了什么事'。 10. A 根据答语'北京'，可知问的是地点，用where。 【句型转换】 1. I can't remember ______ she ______ the ticket. 2. I don't know ______ ______ ______. 3. Could you tell me ______ it ______ easy to forget a word? 4. Can you tell me ______ the next test ______? 5. He asked me where ______ ______ going. 【翻译句子】 1. I can't remember what things you asked me to buy. 2. Could you tell me why it is easy to forget a word? 3. She cannot remember where she put the opera ticket. 4. I don't understand what she's going through. 5. Could you please show me where I can get a bus to the airport? 专题5 Unit 5 被动语态（一般现在时与一般过去时） 一、语法要点梳理 项目 说明 例句 构成 被动语态由'助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词'构成。一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词；一般过去时：was/were + 过去分词。 English is spoken by many people. / The telephone was invented in 1876. 用法 当不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者，或需要特别强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态。 A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses. 主动变被动 主动句的宾语变被动句的主语；主动句的谓语变为'be+过去分词'；主动句的主语变为by短语（可省略）。 Bell invented the telephone. → The telephone was invented by Bell. 时态变化 被动语态的时态通过be动词的变化来体现，过去分词保持不变。 一般现在时：is/are done；一般过去时：was/were done；一般将来时：will be done 二、考点突破（易错点提醒） 1. 不及物动词（happen, take place, appear, disappear, belong to等）没有被动语态。 2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义：sell well（畅销）, wash well（耐洗）, write well（好写）, open（打开）等。 3. 使役动词（make, let, have）和感官动词（see, hear, watch, feel, notice等）在主动语态中接不带to的不定式，变被动语态时要加上to。 4. 双宾语动词（give, send, buy, teach, tell等）变被动语态时，可将间接宾语变为主语，也可将直接宾语变为主语（此时间接宾语前加to/for）。 三、基础达标（单项选择） 1. The telephone ______ by Alexander Bell in 1876. A. invented B. was invented C. is invented D. invents 2. A mini-camera ______ to the front of the glasses. A. connects B. connected C. is connected D. was connected 3. —______ the old buildings ______ in the earthquake? —Yes, they were. A. Did; destroy B. Were; destroyed C. Are; destroyed D. Was; destroyed 4. The word 'robot' ______ for the first time in a play in 1920. A. introduced B. was introduced C. is introduced D. introduces 5. All kinds of everyday objects ______ by the 3D printer. A. can make B. can be made C. made D. are making 6. It is believed that the world's oldest wheel ______ in Eastern Europe. A. found B. was found C. is found D. finds 7. The oil and salt ______ by the machine itself. A. add B. added C. are added D. were added 8. —When ______ paper ______? —In the Eastern Han Dynasty by Cai Lun. A. did; invent B. was; invented C. is; invented D. has; invented 9. The problem ______ by us yesterday. A. solved B. was solved C. is solved D. solves 10. These books ______ in the library last week. A. returned B. were returned C. are returned D. return 四、能力提升 （一）句型转换 1. Alexander Bell invented the telephone in 1876. (改为被动语态) The telephone ______ ______ by Alexander Bell in 1876. 2. People all over the world connect to each other through the internet. (改为被动) People all over the world ______ ______ to each other through the internet. 3. The machine adds the oil and salt itself. (改为被动语态) The oil and salt ______ ______ by the machine itself. 4. They destroyed some old buildings in the earthquake. (改为被动) Some old buildings ______ ______ in the earthquake. 5. We can make almost everything by the 3D printer. (改为被动) Almost everything ______ ______ ______ by the 3D printer. （二）翻译句子 1. 电话是亚历山大·贝尔在1876年发明的。 The telephone was invented by Alexander Bell in 1876. 2. 一个微型摄像头连接在眼镜的前面。 A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses. 3. 全世界的人们通过互联网相互联系。 People all over the world are connected to each other through the internet. 4. 据信世界上最古老的车轮是在东欧发现的。 It is believed that the world's oldest wheel was found in Eastern Europe. 5. 几乎天底下的一切都可以用3D打印机制造。 Almost everything under the sun can be made by the 3D printer. 五、答案与解析 【单项选择】 1. B in 1876是过去时间，用一般过去时被动语态was/were+过去分词。 2. C 描述客观事实，用一般现在时被动语态。 3. B 地震是过去的事，用一般过去时被动语态；buildings是复数，用were。 4. B in 1920是过去时间，用一般过去时被动语态。 5. B 情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+过去分词。 6. B 最古老的车轮是过去被发现的，用一般过去时被动语态。 7. C 描述机器的功能，用一般现在时被动语态。 8. B 造纸术是过去被发明的，用一般过去时被动语态。 9. B yesterday是过去时间，用一般过去时被动语态。 10. B last week是过去时间，books是复数，用were returned。 【句型转换】 1. The telephone ______ ______ by Alexander Bell in 1876. 2. People all over the world ______ ______ to each other through the internet. 3. The oil and salt ______ ______ by the machine itself. 4. Some old buildings ______ ______ in the earthquake. 5. Almost everything ______ ______ ______ by the 3D printer. 【翻译句子】 1. The telephone was invented by Alexander Bell in 1876. 2. A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses. 3. People all over the world are connected to each other through the internet. 4. It is believed that the world's oldest wheel was found in Eastern Europe. 5. Almost everything under the sun can be made by the 3D printer. 专题6 Unit 6 被动语态（一般将来时） 一、语法要点梳理 项目 说明 例句 构成 一般将来时被动语态：will be + 及物动词的过去分词。否定式：will not be + 过去分词；疑问式：Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ More astronauts will be sent to the space station. 其他表示将来的被动 be going to be + 过去分词；shall be + 过去分词（第一人称）。 A new library is going to be built next year. 用法 表示将来某个时间将要发生的被动动作，或表示将来的计划、安排中的被动动作。 Exploration of Mars will be continued. 时态对比 一般现在时被动：is/are done（经常性、习惯性）；一般过去时被动：was/were done（过去发生）；一般将来时被动：will be done（将来发生）。 The bridge is built. / The bridge was built. / The bridge will be built. 二、考点突破（易错点提醒） 1. 一般将来时被动语态的疑问句：Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？如：Will life be found on another planet? 2. 在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来，被动语态也不例外：The work will be finished before he comes.（不能用will come） 3. 含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be + 过去分词，如：The work must be finished today. 4. be to be + 过去分词也可表示将来的被动：The meeting is to be held tomorrow. 三、基础达标（单项选择） 1. More astronauts ______ to the Tiangong Space Station next year. A. send B. sent C. will be sent D. are sent 2. Exploration of the planet Mars ______ in the future. A. will continue B. will be continued C. continues D. continued 3. —______ life ______ on another planet one day? —I hope so. A. Will; find B. Will; be found C. Is; found D. Was; found 4. International research stations ______ on the moon and Mars in the future. A. will build B. will be built C. build D. are built 5. New technology ______ soon. A. will develop B. will be developed C. develops D. developed 6. The trip to the space museum ______ because of the bad weather. A. will cancel B. will be cancelled C. cancels D. cancelled 7. An article about future space travel ______ in the magazine next month. A. will publish B. will be published C. publishes D. published 8. A new rocket ______ by the space centre next month. A. will launch B. will be launched C. launches D. launched 9. —Will you be visited by other astronauts? —______. A. Yes, I will B. Yes, I am C. Yes, I do D. Yes, I was 10. Thousands of exoplanets ______ in the future. A. will discover B. will be discovered C. discover D. are discovered 四、能力提升 （一）句型转换 1. Scientists will position more satellites in space. (改为被动语态) More satellites ______ ______ ______ in space. 2. They will cancel the trip because of the bad weather. (改为被动) The trip ______ ______ ______ because of the bad weather. 3. The magazine will publish an article next month. (改为被动) An article ______ ______ ______ in the magazine next month. 4. Will they launch a new rocket next month? (改为被动语态) ______ a new rocket ______ ______ next month? 5. We will find life on another planet one day. (改为被动) Life ______ ______ ______ on another planet one day. （二）翻译句子 1. 更多的宇航员将被送往天宫空间站。 More astronauts will be sent to the Tiangong Space Station. 2. 对火星的探索将继续进行。 Exploration of the planet Mars will be continued. 3. 国际研究站将在月球和火星上建立。 International research stations will be built on the moon and Mars. 4. 新技术很快就会被开发出来。 New technology will soon be developed. 5. 有一天在另一个星球上会发现生命吗？ Will life be found on another planet one day? 五、答案与解析 【单项选择】 1. C next year是将来时间，用一般将来时被动语态will be+过去分词。 2. B in the future表示将来，探索是被继续进行，用一般将来时被动语态。 3. B one day表示将来，生命是被发现，用一般将来时被动语态疑问句。 4. B in the future表示将来，研究站是被建造，用一般将来时被动语态。 5. B soon表示将来，技术是被开发，用一般将来时被动语态。 6. B 旅行是被取消，用一般将来时被动语态。 7. B next month表示将来，文章是被刊登，用一般将来时被动语态。 8. B next month表示将来，火箭是被发射，用一般将来时被动语态。 9. A Will开头的一般疑问句，回答用will。 10. B in the future表示将来，系外行星是被发现，用一般将来时被动语态。 【句型转换】 1. More satellites ______ ______ ______ in space. 2. The trip ______ ______ ______ because of the bad weather. 3. An article ______ ______ ______ in the magazine next month. 4. ______ a new rocket ______ ______ next month? 5. Life ______ ______ ______ on another planet one day. 【翻译句子】 1. More astronauts will be sent to the Tiangong Space Station. 2. Exploration of the planet Mars will be continued. 3. International research stations will be built on the moon and Mars. 4. New technology will soon be developed. 5. Will life be found on another planet one day? 专题7 Unit 7 关系从句（定语从句）（that, which, who引导） 一、语法要点梳理 项目 说明 例句 定义 关系从句（定语从句）是由关系词引出的修饰名词或代词的分句结构，通常置于它修饰的名词或代词（先行词）之后。 I love traditional music that/which tells a story. that 可指人也可指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时可省略。 I prefer music that touches me. (作主语) / That's the thing (that) I can do. (作宾语) which 指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时可省略。 The song which uses the violin is my favourite. (作主语) who 指人，在从句中作主语或宾语（宾格whom，所有格whose）。作宾语时可省略。 I like musicians who are creative. (作主语) / The man (who) we met is our teacher. (作宾语) 二、考点突破（易错点提醒） 1. 先行词是人时，用who/that；先行词是物时，用which/that。 2. 关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略，但作主语时不能省略。 3. 以下情况只能用that，不能用which：①先行词是不定代词（all, everything, nothing, anything等）；②先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰；③先行词被the only, the very, the same修饰；④先行词既有人又有物。 4. 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。 三、基础达标（单项选择） 1. I love traditional music ______ tells a story. A. who B. which C. what D. whom 2. I prefer music ______ is full of joy and celebration. A. who B. whom C. that D. what 3. I like musicians ______ are creative. A. who B. which C. whom D. what 4. The song ______ uses the violin and the erhu is my favourite. A. who B. which C. whom D. what 5. That's the only thing ______ I can do now. A. which B. who C. that D. what 6. He is the singer ______ you are looking for. A. which B. whom C. what D. whose 7. The girl ______ is standing near the concert hall will help you. A. which B. who C. whom D. what 8. They are playing a piece of music ______ was written by a deaf composer. A. who B. which C. whom D. what 9. Everything ______ he said is true. A. which B. who C. that D. what 10. George is listening to some electronic music ______ he downloaded last night. A. who B. which C. whom D. what 四、能力提升 （一）句型转换 1. This song uses the violin and the erhu. It is my favourite. (合并为含定语从句的复合句) The song ______ uses the violin and the erhu is my favourite. 2. The girl is a gifted poet. I met her at university. (合并) The girl ______ I met at university is a gifted poet. 3. I like musicians. They are creative. (合并) I like musicians ______ are creative. 4. The music touches my heart. I love it. (合并) I love the music ______ touches my heart. 5. The piece was written by Chopin. They are playing it. (合并) They are playing a piece ______ was written by Chopin. （二）翻译句子 1. 我喜欢讲故事的传统音乐。 I love traditional music that/which tells a story. 2. 我更喜欢充满欢乐和庆祝的音乐。 I prefer music that/which is full of joy and celebration. 3. 我喜欢有创造力的音乐家。 I like musicians who are creative. 4. 使用小提琴和二胡的那首歌是我最喜欢的。 The song which/that uses the violin and the erhu is my favourite. 5. 他是一个你正在寻找的歌手。 He is the singer (who/whom/that) you are looking for. 五、答案与解析 【单项选择】 1. B 先行词music是物，用which/that引导，在从句中作主语。 2. C 先行词music是物，用that/which引导，在从句中作主语。 3. A 先行词musicians是人，用who引导，在从句中作主语。 4. B 先行词song是物，用which/that引导，在从句中作主语。 5. C 先行词被the only修饰，只能用that。 6. B 先行词singer是人，在从句中作宾语，用whom/who/that。 7. B 先行词girl是人，在从句中作主语，用who。 8. B 先行词music是物，用which/that引导，在从句中作主语。 9. C 先行词是不定代词everything，只能用that。 10. B 先行词music是物，在从句中作宾语，用which/that，可省略。 【句型转换】 1. The song ______ uses the violin and the erhu is my favourite. 2. The girl ______ I met at university is a gifted poet. 3. I like musicians ______ are creative. 4. I love the music ______ touches my heart. 5. They are playing a piece ______ was written by Chopin. 【翻译句子】 1. I love traditional music that/which tells a story. 2. I prefer music that/which is full of joy and celebration. 3. I like musicians who are creative. 4. The song which/that uses the violin and the erhu is my favourite. 5. He is the singer (who/whom/that) you are looking for. 专题8 Unit 8 主谓一致 一、语法要点梳理 项目 说明 例句 语法一致 主语是单数，谓语用单数；主语是复数，谓语用复数。 Everybody is looking forward to the race. / Both are quite fast. 意义一致 主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语用复数（如people, police, cattle等）；主语形式为复数，但意义为单数，谓语用单数（如news, maths, physics, politics等）。 The police are looking for the man. / Maths is my favourite subject. 就近原则 either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., not...but..., there be句型等连接主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。 Either Wang Yaming or Adam is a possible choice. 就远原则 主语后接with, together with, as well as, except, besides, but, including等时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。 The teacher with his students is coming. 二、考点突破（易错点提醒） 1. 不定代词everyone, everybody, someone, somebody, anyone, anybody, no one, nobody, everything, something, anything, nothing, each, either, neither等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 2. both, (a) few, many, several等作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用复数。 3. 集体名词family, team, class, group, audience, committee等作主语时，若强调整体，谓语用单数；若强调成员，谓语用复数。 4. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时，通常看作整体，谓语用单数：Ten years is a long time. 5. the + 形容词表示一类人时，谓语用复数：The rich are not always happy. 三、基础达标（单项选择） 1. Everybody ______ looking forward to the 4x100-metre relay. A. is B. are C. was D. were 2. Either Wang Yaming or Adam ______ a possible choice. A. is B. are C. be D. being 3. Both kung fu and boxing ______ popular sports among young people. A. is B. are C. was D. be 4. Neither winning nor losing ______ everything in the Olympics. A. is B. are C. be D. being 5. —Everyone ______ here. Let's begin the meeting. —Wait, nobody ______ the key. A. is; have B. are; has C. is; has D. are; have 6. The family ______ watching TV together now. A. is B. are C. was D. were 7. Athletes train for years, and each ______ a unique story. A. have B. has C. is D. are 8. Tennis ______ strength and skill. A. require B. requires C. requiring D. to require 9. There ______ a pen and two books on the desk. A. is B. are C. have D. has 10. The news ______ very exciting. Everyone ______ happy. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is 四、能力提升 （一）句型转换 1. Both of them are quite fast. (改为否定句，用neither...nor...) ______ he ______ she ______ quite fast. 2. Every student has a book. (改为同义句) Each of the students ______ a book. 3. The team is strong. (用family替换team并改为复数意义) The family ______ watching TV together. 4. There are two books and a pen on the desk. (改为同义句，调换主语顺序) There ______ a pen and two books on the desk. 5. Nobody knows the answer. (改为反意疑问句) Nobody knows the answer, ______ ______? （二）翻译句子 1. 每个人都在期待4x100米接力赛。 Everybody is looking forward to the 4x100-metre relay. 2. 王亚明和亚当都是可能的选择。 Either Wang Yaming or Adam is a possible choice. 3. 功夫和拳击都是年轻人中受欢迎的运动。 Both kung fu and boxing are popular sports among young people. 4. 在奥运会上，输赢都不是一切。 Neither winning nor losing is everything in the Olympics. 5. 每个运动员都有独特的故事。 Each athlete has a unique story. 五、答案与解析 【单项选择】 1. A everybody作主语，谓语用单数。 2. A either...or...连接主语，就近原则，Adam是单数，用is。 3. B both...and...连接主语，谓语用复数。 4. A neither...nor...连接主语，就近原则，losing是动名词，谓语用单数。 5. C everyone和nobody作主语，谓语都用单数。 6. B family强调家庭成员，谓语用复数；now表示现在进行时。 7. B each作主语，谓语用单数；根据句意'每个人都有独特的故事'，用has。 8. B tennis是单数名词，谓语用单数。 9. A there be句型就近原则，a pen是单数，用is。 10. A news是不可数名词，谓语用单数；everyone作主语，谓语用单数。 【句型转换】 1. ______ he ______ she ______ quite fast. 2. Each of the students ______ a book. 3. The family ______ watching TV together. 4. There ______ a pen and two books on the desk. 5. Nobody knows the answer, ______ ______? 【翻译句子】 1. Everybody is looking forward to the 4x100-metre relay. 2. Either Wang Yaming or Adam is a possible choice. 3. Both kung fu and boxing are popular sports among young people. 4. Neither winning nor losing is everything in the Olympics. 5. Each athlete has a unique story. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $