2027年高考英语一轮之优秀品行主题复习任务单

该高中英语高考复习任务单围绕“优秀品行、人生态度与公民社会责任”主题，系统整合核心词汇（分个人品格、社会处境等类别）、高频派生与易混词、必背短语、高分句型及写作语料，构建从基础词汇到语用表达的层级化考点体系，通过任务驱动式练习引导学生自主梳理知识联系，形成主题认知网络。 亮点在于自主诊断与素养导向设计，如专题限时训练包含核心词变形、熟词生义等自测题，学生可通过错题归因自主巩固薄弱点，写作语料积累培养语言能力与文化意识，词义辨析训练提升思维品质。教师可依据学情数据精准指导，助力学生构建个性化复习体系，有效提升自主备考效率。

2027 年高考英语一轮之优秀品行、人生态度与公民社会责任主题复习 I.高考主题核心词汇 ①个人品格与道德准则（名词，道义、责任、精神追求） justice n. 公平道义；公理 dignity n. 人格尊严；体面 obligation n. 道义义务；分内责任 mission n. 时代使命；职责担当 contribution n. 付出；贡献 reputation n. 个人声望；口碑 dilemma n. 两难抉择；现实困境 ②社会处境与现实境况（名词、形容词，机构、矛盾、外部环境） charity n. 慈善事业；公益机构 foundation n. 公益基金会 institution n. 社会机构；团体组织 discrimination n. 差别对待；歧视行为 circumstance n.(复数) 处境；现实境遇 crisis n. 危难局面；突发危机 platform n. 行动平台；传播载体 ③社会实践行为动词（行动类，抗争、援助、奉献、改变） aid vt.&n. 帮扶；施以援助 encounter vt. 遭遇到；亲身经历 arise vi. 显现；随之产生 collapse vi. 崩溃；彻底瓦解 drag vt. 拖拽；艰难前行 pray vt.&vi. 祈愿；企盼 gain vt. 收获；取得益处 ④事态评价形容词 & 副词（刻画人物性格、事件特征） daring adj. 果敢无畏的 internal adj. 发自内心的；内在的 purely adv. 全然地；仅仅 sensitive adj. 心思敏感的；易受触动的 remarkable adj. 非同凡响的；引人瞩目的 ongoing adj. 仍在推进的 II.高频派生 & 词义易混梳理 1.engage vi.投身；参与→engagement n.公益参与；婚约→engaged adj.忙于事务的；已订婚的 搭配提醒：be engaged in (doing) sth 投身于 / 忙于做某事，固定搭配中介词为 in，切勿误用 to。 2.mix v.交融、混杂→mixture n.混合体 词义区分：mix 多指实物、情绪交织在一起；blend 侧重柔和调和、融为一体。 3.contrary adj.相反的→contrarily adv.与此相反 高频插入语：on the contrary 恰恰与之相反。 4.persevere vi.持之以恒→perseverance n.顽强毅力。 5.establish vt.创建设立→establishment n.创办；社会机构 词义区分：establish 多用于正式创立制度、社会组织；set up 为普通口语表达，适用范围更广。 6.protest v./n.抗议→protester n.抗议者。 7.race n.种族；赛跑→racial adj.种族层面的。 8.temporary adj.短暂临时的→temporarily adv.暂且地 反义：permanent adj.恒久不变的。 9.affect vt.对……产生影响；触动情绪→affection n.钟爱、深厚情感 10.passion n.热忱→passionate adj.满怀热忱的。 11.casual adj.随意的；临时的→casually adv.漫不经心地。 12.stable adj.心态 / 局势稳定的→stability n.稳固安定；反义：unstable adj.动荡不稳。 13.promise n.&v.期许；承诺→promising adj.前景向好的。 14.donate vt.捐赠→donation n.捐赠财物→donor n.捐赠者。 15.assist v.施以协助→assistance n.援助支持→assistant n.帮手。 16.resign v.辞职；无奈接受→resignation n.辞职；听之任之→resigned adj.听天由命的 搭配提醒：resign oneself to doing sth，此处to属于介词，后面接名词或动名词。 17.peace n.安宁和平→peaceful adj.平和的→peacefully adv.平和地。 18.horror n.惊骇恐惧→horrible adj.令人可怖的→horribly adv.极度地；骇人地。 19.possess vt.拥有；具备品质→possession n.财产；持有 易混短语：in possession of 主动拥有；in the possession of 归……所拥有（表被动）。 20.strike v.打击；使猛然醒悟→striking adj.引人瞩目的；突出的。 21.advocate vt.倡导、拥护→advocator n.倡导者 语法重点：advocate后面只能接动名词，不能接动词不定式。 22.participate vi.参与→participation n.投身参与→participant n.参与者 固定搭配：participate in 参与某项活动。 23.persist vi.坚持；延续→persistent adj.执着不懈的→persistence n.持之以恒 词义区分：persist in 多指顶着压力坚持行动；insist on 侧重坚持某种观点与主张。 24.loose adj.松散不受约束的→loosen vt.松开→loosely adv.松弛地。 25.privilege n.特权、优待→privileged adj.享有特殊优待的。 26.contribute v.奉献；促成；撰稿→contribution n.贡献→contributor n.奉献者、撰稿人 III.必背核心短语 take action 采取举措，付诸行动 rise to one’s feet 站起身来 pass up 错失；主动放弃机遇 put off 延后、推迟，同义替换：delay, postpone weigh up 权衡利弊；斟酌考量 fight for 奋力去争取 in spite of 尽管；不顾现实阻碍 take...for granted 将……视作理所应当 have second thoughts 心生顾虑；改变原有想法 under no circumstances 在任何情况下绝不 be possessed of 具备（可贵品质） make a donation to 向……进行捐助 resign oneself to 听任现实；顺从局面 IV.高分句型精讲 1.be doing…when… 正在做某事，这时突然…… 用法：when为并列连词，描述动作进行的过程中突发意外状况。 Many young volunteers were offering help to remote mountain villages when a sudden flood hit the local area. 译文：大批青年志愿者正在偏远山村提供帮扶，一场突如其来的洪水袭击了当地。 2.Not only置于句首触发部分倒装 用法：not only…but (also)…结构，只有 not only 所在分句需要倒装，but also 之后句子语序维持正常。 Not only should teenagers build fine personal virtues, but they are also supposed to shoulder their social duties. 青少年不仅应当塑造良好个人品德，也理应承担属于自己的社会责任。 V.重点单词辨析 1.undertake vt.承担；着手开展；作出承诺 词块： undertake a mission 肩负一项使命 undertake to do sth 承诺去完成某事 词义区分：undertake 侧重正式接手重大使命、责任任务；take on 属于普通短语，泛指承接各类工作责任。 2.arise vi.出现；由……引发 词块： arise from /arise out of 由……催生产生 词义区分：arise 不及物动词，多用于问题矛盾 “显现、浮出水面”；rise 不及物，描述实物向上抬升；raise 及物动词，表示举起、提出议题。 3.donate vt.捐赠 词块： donate sth to… 向……捐献某物 make a donation to 给……捐款捐物 词义区分：donate 多指无偿捐出钱款物资；contribute 语义更广，可以奉献时间、精力，也可以投稿撰文。 4.persist vi.坚持 词块： persist in (doing) sth 执着坚持做某事 词义区分：persist in 强调顶住外界阻力坚持行动；insist on 多用于坚持自身看法与主张。 5.contribute v.奉献；促成结果；投稿 词块： make a contribution to 为……作出贡献 contribute to sth 促成某事发生；对……有作用（to为介词） 词义区分：contribute to 语义丰富，可以表积极推动，也可以表消极促成；lead to 只表达 “导致”，大多引出负面结局。 VI.写作语料积累 一、应用文 1.高频词块 uphold public morality 恪守社会公德 shoulder civic obligations 扛起公民责任 2.高分背诵句 When pursuing personal interests, every citizen ought to bear corresponding social duties in mind. 每位公民在追求个人权益之时，心中都应当铭记对应的社会责任。 二、读后续写 1.高频词块 answer the call of public welfare 响应公益号召 reach out to those in need 向身处困境之人伸出援手 2.高分背诵句 (1) Fully aware of his social responsibility, the young man turned down material rewards and devoted himself to supporting disadvantaged groups. 充分意识到自身社会责任，这位年轻人拒绝物质回报，全身心帮扶弱势群体。 (2) Having weighed all pros and cons, she chose to defend fairness regardless of potential risks ahead. 权衡全部利弊之后，她选择不顾前方潜在风险，守护世间公平。 VII.专题限时训练 一、核心词变形与句式练习 1.engage (1) Many youth are actively ________(engage) in community public‑service activities in their spare time. (2) The local government encourages public ________(engage) in the supervision of social affairs. (3) 很多市民忙于各类公益项目，努力帮助身处困境的邻居。 Lots of citizens ________________________________________ various public‑welfare projects, trying to assist neighbours in trouble. 2.contribute (1) Every small effort can make a great ________(contribute) to building a harmonious community. (2) Positive public opinions can contribute ________ improving the current social atmosphere. (3) 无数普通人的付出有助于推动社会公平。 The devotion of countless ordinary people ________________________________________ promoting social justice. 3.persist短语专项 (1) Even facing misunderstanding, he still ________________________ the pursuit of social fairness.（坚持） (2) If you persist ________ ignoring public obligations, you will face public criticism. (3) 只有坚持不懈，我们才能够逐步消除社会中的不公现象。 Only by ________________________________________ can we gradually remove unfair phenomena in society. 二、熟词生义练（写出句中中文释义） 1.strike (1)The small town was struck by unexpected social conflicts last winter.________ (2)An inspiring thought struck him while he was taking part in volunteer work.________ 2.shift (1)There has been a significant shift in public attitudes towards civic responsibility.________ (2)Nurses take turns to work on the night shift in the community hospital.________ 3.possess (1)A responsible citizen ought to possess a strong sense of social morality.________ (2)The wealthy man possessed large quantities of land in the region decades ago.________ 三、核心知识强化练 1.We should fight ________ equal rights for every group regardless of their backgrounds. 2.________(promise) to offer support for vulnerable groups, the organization attracted wide public attention. 3.Under no circumstances ________ we turn a blind eye to injustice around us. 4.Many social problems arise ________ the lack of mutual communication among groups. 5.He resigned himself ________ the unfair result at first, but later chose to stand up for justice. 6.It is a privilege ___________(participate) in projects aimed at improving public well‑being. 7.________(passion) about public causes, she spends most of her free time doing voluntary work. 8.Not only ________ ordinary people make contributions, but social organizations also play an important role. 9.Many local firms donate large sums of money ________ the foundation for poverty relief. 10._________(weigh) up different options, the young volunteer finally made his final decision. 11.It is taken ________ granted that citizens should obey basic social rules. 12.The __________(persist) of unfair phenomena calls for joint efforts from the whole society. 13.__________(strike) by the sufferings of the poor, many teenagers joined the donation campaign. 14.He kept speaking up for disadvantaged groups, ________(inspire) more people to take action. 参考答案 一、核心词变形与句式练习 1.engage (1)engaged (2)engagement (3)are engaged in 2.contribute (1)contribution (2)to (3)contributes to 3.persist 短语专项 (1) persisted in (2) in (3) persisting in our efforts 二、熟词生义练 1.strike (1) 遭遇；遭受 (2) 突然想到 2.shift (1) 转变；变化 (2) 轮班 3.possess (1) 具备（品质） (2) 拥有（财物、地产） 三、核心知识强化练 1.for 2.Promising 3.should/can 4.from/out of 5.to 6.to participate 7.Passionate 8.do/can 9.to 10.Having weighed / Weighing 11.for 12.persistence 13.Struck 14.inspiring 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $