2027年高考英语一轮之生命的意义与价值主题复习 任务单

该高中英语高考复习知识清单聚焦“生命的意义与价值”主题，系统整合高频主题词汇、派生易混词、核心短语、高分句型、单词辨析、写作语料及专题限时训练七大模块，构建从基础词汇到综合应用的完整复习体系。 清单通过分类呈现（如高频词汇分生命价值、环境描述等四类）、分级梳理（派生易混词含反义对比与用法提示）及关联训练（写作语料对接应用文与读后续写），突出实用性设计。标注熟词生义（如count表“重要”）、配高分背诵句（如“生命价值在于奉献”句型），培养学生语言能力与思维品质，助力自主复习，为教师提供精准教学支持。

2027年高考英语一轮之生命的意义与价值主题复习 I.高考高频主题词汇 1.生命价值与精神品质相关事物 sacrifice n.&v.牺牲 leadership n.领导力；领导地位 principle n.原则；道德准则 union n.协会；联合会 workout n.锻炼；体能训练 charity n.慈善；慈善机构 chain n.一连串；链条 discipline n.自制力；纪律 leisure n.闲暇；空闲时光 fulfillment n.满足感；价值实现 setback n.挫折；阻碍 2.环境与客观描述类 passive adj.消极的；被动的 intensity n.强烈；强度 element n.要素；组成部分 faraway adj.遥远的 might n.力量；威力 frank adj.坦率的；坦诚的 previous adj.先前的；以往的 拓展：副词previously，是一般过去时的标志词 outstanding adj.杰出的 enormous adj.巨大的；庞大的 拓展：近义词giant 3.探索、运行与动作 flash vi.&vt.闪现；闪过 target vt.把……作为目标 n.目标 update vt.更新；使与时俱进 ruin vt.毁坏；摧毁 range vi.(在一定范围内) 变化 supply vt.&n.供给；提供 remove vt.移除；摆脱；调离 position vt.使处于；安置 n.处境；位置 attract vt.吸引 4.描述类 & 学科专有名词 style n.行事方式；作风 contact n.&vt.联系；接触 guilt n.愧疚；罪责 distraction n.使人分心的事物 II.高频派生 & 易混词梳理 1．appoint vt.任命；委派→appointment n.约定；任命→appointed adj.指定的 2．entire adj.全部的→entirely adv.完全地；彻底地 3．optimistic adj.乐观的→optimism n.乐观主义 反义：pessimistic adj.悲观的→pessimism n.悲观主义 4．necessary adj.必要的→necessity n.必需品→necessarily adv.必然地 提示：not necessarily 未必，不一定（高考高频否定表达） 5．guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的→guilt n.内疚；罪责 6．reduce vt.减少；使沦为→reduction n.缩减；下降 7．publish vt.出版；发布→publisher n.出版商；发布机构 8．replace vt.替换；取代→replacement n.替代品；接替者→replaceable adj.可替代的 9．tense adj.紧张的 v.(使) 紧张→tension n.紧张局势；心理紧张 10．expect vt.期待；预料→expectation n.期待；预期 词块拓展：live up to one’s expectations 不辜负某人的期待 11．count v.数；视作；重要→countless adj.无数的→counter n.柜台；计数器 提示：count vi.重要，有价值，阅读高频熟词生义 12．fashion n.时尚；风气→fashionable adj.时髦的 13．stress n.压力 vt.强调→stressed adj.(人) 感到压力大的→stressful adj.(事物) 带来压力的 易混：stressed 修饰人；stressful 修饰事物、环境 14．aim n.目标 vi.力求→aimless adj.漫无目的的→aimlessly adv.漫无目的地 15．defend vt.捍卫；辩护→defence n.防卫；辩护→defensive adj.自卫的；戒备的 16．inspire vt.激励；启发→inspired adj.受启发的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的→inspiration n.灵感；鼓舞人心的人 / 事 易混：inspired 修饰人；inspiring 修饰事物 17．attract vt.吸引→attraction n.吸引力；向往之物→attractive adj.有吸引力的 18．tough adj.坚韧的；艰难的→toughness n.韧性；顽强 19．respond vi.回应；作出反应→response n.回应；反响 20．influence vt.&n.影响→influential adj.有影响力的 21．retire vi.退休；退出→retirement n.退休；退役→retiree n.退休人员 III.必背核心短语 carry sb through sth 帮某人渡过难关 in despair 陷入绝望 in memory of 为纪念…… trip over 被……绊倒 from time to time 时不时；偶尔 in person 亲自 all in all 总而言之 to…extent 到……程度 apart from 除……之外 in other words 换句话说 suffer from 遭受（身心痛苦） be responsible for 对……负责 retire from 从……岗位退休 boil down to 归结为 IV.高分句型精讲 1.would rather do…than do… 宁愿做……而不愿做…… 用法：表达主观取舍；从句中可用于虚拟语气。 She would rather devote her spare time to voluntary work than seek material comfort. 她宁愿把闲暇时间投入志愿工作，也不去追求物质享受。 2.that引导同位语从句 用法：that只起连接作用，不作成分，解释说明前面抽象名词的具体内容。 There is a belief that true life value lies in devotion rather than gain. 有一种信念认为，真正的生命价值在于奉献而非索取。 V.重点单词辨析 1.supply v.&n.供给；供应 词块： in short supply 供应短缺 supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb 向某人提供某物 辨析：supply 侧重大批量物资供给；provide 普通用词，provide sb with sth 通用表达。 2.contact n.&vt.联系；接触 词块： keep/stay in contact with 与……保持联系 lose contact with 与……失去联系 make contact with 取得联系 辨析：contact 侧重人与人之间联络；touch 多用于短语 keep in touch with，口语色彩更强。 3.appoint vt.任命；约定 词块： appoint sb as/to be… 任命某人为…… appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事 make an appointment with sb 与某人预约 辨析：appoint 官方正式任命；assign 分配任务、布置工作。 4.replace vt.取代；替换 词块： replace A with/by B 用 B 替换 A take the place of = in place of 代替 辨析：replace 侧重旧物被新的替换；substitute 侧重临时替代，搭配 substitute A for B。 5.inspire v.激励；启发 词块： inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事 be inspired by… 受……启发 VI.写作语料积累 一、应用文 1.词块 overcome mental setbacks 克服心理挫折 seek spiritual fulfillment 追寻精神满足 2.高分背诵句 It is of great significance for teenagers to reflect on the meaning of life in the fast‑paced modern world. 在节奏飞快的现代社会，青少年思考生命的意义有着重大意义。 二、读后续写 1.词块 pull through hardships 熬过艰难困苦 regain inner strength 重获内心力量 devote oneself to public welfare 投身公益事业 rise above sufferings 超越苦难 2.高分背诵句 (1) Suffering countless blows from misfortune, the young man still clung to his belief that life lay in devotion. 尽管遭受命运重重打击，这个年轻人依旧坚守信念：生命的意义在于奉献。 (2) Having gone through long-term inner struggles, she finally found her true life goal in voluntary service. 历经长久内心挣扎之后，她终于在志愿服务之中找到了真正的人生目标。 VII.专题限时训练 一、核心词变形与句式练习 1.inspire (1) The ________(inspire) speech delivered by the volunteer touched audiences of all ages. (2) The documentary inspired teenagers ________(reflect) on the real meaning of life. (3) 苦难可以激励人成长，但我们不必主动去渴求磨难。 Sufferings can ________________________________________ grow, yet we don’t have to long for hardships on purpose. 2.stress (1) The expert laid ________(stress) on the importance of inner peace when facing misfortune. (2) Stressed out by endless pressure, he attempted ________(seek) spiritual comfort from charity activities. (3) 我们应当不断强调坚守道德原则的重要性。 We ought to ________________________________________ sticking to moral principles. 3.replace 短语专项 (1) Nothing can ________________________ true inner satisfaction in one’s life journey.（取代） (2) 随着时光流逝，新的希望慢慢取代了他内心的绝望。 As time went by, new hope gradually ________________________________________ the despair in his heart. 二、熟词生义练（写出句中中文释义） 1.count (1)It is what you devote rather than what you gain that counts in life.________ (2)We count every small effort as a step towards spiritual growth.________ 2.position (1)Hardships positioned him to think deeply about the value of existence.________ (2)He refused to seek a high‑pay position at the cost of his moral bottom line.________ 3.chain (1)A chain of bitter failures didn’t shake his faith in devotion.________ (2)The prisoner was kept in heavy chains for years.________ 三、核心知识强化练 1.She succeeded ________ carrying herself through the darkest period with strong willpower. 2.Apart ________ temporary material gains, we should attach importance to spiritual fulfillment. 3.To some ________(extent), hardships can shape our personalities and reshape our outlook on life. 4._________(suffer) from long-term loneliness, the old man devoted himself to community charity work. 5.There is a belief ________ true happiness comes from giving rather than taking. 6.He would rather ________(face) countless setbacks than give up his pursuit of life value. 7.The first thing ________(appreciate) is the beauty hidden in ordinary daily life. 8.The bad experiences left him ________(disappoint) but never hopeless. 9.Under the ________(influential) of those self-devoted volunteers, many teenagers took part in public-welfare activities. 10.He retired ________ high-risk volunteer work but never stopped caring about people in need. 11.Not everyone can live up to others’________(expect), so learning self-acceptance matters a lot. 12.________(aim) at exploring the meaning of life, the lecture attracted large numbers of students. 13.Under no circumstances ________ we judge one’s life value merely by wealth and fame. 14.He kept doing small good deeds, ________(bring) warmth to people around him. 参考答案 一、核心词变形与句式练习 1.inspire (1)inspiring (2)to reflect (3)inspire people to 2.stress (1)stress (2)to seek (3)stress the importance of 3.replace 短语专项 (1) take the place of /replace (2)replaced 二、熟词生义练 1.count (1) 重要；有价值 (2) 把……视作 2.position (1) 使处于（某种处境） (2) 职位 3.chain (1) 一连串；一系列 (2) 锁链；镣铐 三、核心知识强化练 1.in 2.from 3.extent 4.Suffering 5.that 6.face 7.to appreciate 8.disappointed 9.influence 10.from 11.expectations 12.Aimed 13.should/can 14.bringing 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $