Unit 2 Bridging Cultures 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 以跨文化语境为核心，融合外刊阅读、词汇语法、多题型训练及写作应用，构建“输入-内化-输出”知识逻辑链，提升语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |外刊拓展阅读|1篇（BBC原文）|外刊精读（附全文翻译、核心词汇、长难句分析）|以“文化适应”主题为线索，通过词汇积累（如get used to）和语法解析（复合句/倒装结构）夯实语言基础| |培优提升篇|6篇（含安徽/吉林等地模考题）|多题型综合（细节理解/推理判断/完形填空）|精选真题典例，覆盖跨文化交际、语言逻辑等主题，强化信息提取与思维分析能力| |迁移应用篇|词汇填空5题+应用文写作1篇|语言应用（词汇变形/语境填空/推荐类写作）|实现知识向能力迁移，通过词汇语法应用与跨文化场景写作（如夏令营推荐）提升表达能力|

Unit 2 Bridging Cultures 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 识·单元要点概览 读·外刊拓展阅读 （来源：BBC Learning English）Getting used to life in a foreign country can be difficult… as well as fun! We spoke to six students who are studying English at London to find out their experiences since moving here. Aijamal from Kyrgyzstan said when she was first here she felt “homesick”. But time is precious, so now she “regrets wasting that time.” She urges visitors: “Don't sit at home.” Make the most of each day! Julia from Germany said getting around the city takes planning. One good way to stay organised is to download an app, “so you can know where you are and where you have to go,” says Julia. But she’s still not used to the way cars drive on the street: “In Germany we drive on the right-hand side, so when I cross the street I don't know which way to look, because I'm a bit confused!” 【全文翻译】 适应异国他乡的生活可能很有挑战性……但也充满乐趣！我们采访了六位在伦敦学习英语的学生，了解他们搬到这里后的经历。 来自吉尔吉斯斯坦的艾贾玛尔说，她刚到这里时感到“想家”。但时间宝贵，现在她“后悔浪费了那些时间”。她劝告大家：“不要待在家里。”要充分利用每一天！ 来自德国的朱莉娅说，在这座城市里出行需要规划。一个好的保持条理的方法是下载一个应用程序，“这样你就能知道你在哪里，以及你要去哪里，”朱莉娅说。但她还是不习惯车辆在道路上的行驶方式：“在德国，我们在右侧行驶，所以当我过马路时，我不知道该看哪个方向，因为我有点困惑！” 【核心词汇】 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ① get used to 适应 ② foreign country 外国 ③ homesick adj. 想家的 ④ precious adj. 宝贵的 ⑤ regret v. 后悔 ⑥ urge v. 敦促；力劝 ⑦ make the most of 充分利用 ⑧ get around 出行；四处走动 ⑨ download v. 下载 ⑩ app n. 应用程序 ⑪ confused adj. 困惑的；迷茫的 【长难句分析】 1. Aijamal from Kyrgyzstan said when she was first here she felt “homesick”. 句意：来自吉尔吉斯斯坦的艾贾玛尔说，她刚到这里时感到“想家”。 分析：本句是复合句。Aijamal from Kyrgyzstan 是主语，said 是谓语，其后接了一个省略引导词 that 的宾语从句。在这个宾语从句中，when she was first here 是时间状语从句，she felt “homesick” 是主句。 2. One good way to stay organised is to download an app, “so you can know where you are and where you have to go,” says Julia. 句意：一个好的保持条理的方法是下载一个应用程序，“这样你就能知道你在哪里，以及你要去哪里，”朱莉娅说。 分析：本句是一个主谓倒装结构，says Julia 是主句，引号内是直接引语作宾语。直接引语部分：One good way... is to download an app 是主系表结构，其中 to stay organised 是动词不定式作后置定语修饰 way，to download an app 是不定式作表语。so you can know... 是结果状语从句，其中 where you are 和 where you have to go 是两个并列的宾语从句。 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·安徽六安·期末）The Talk: “The Evolution of Morality” Professor Stephen Stich’s Talk on “The Evolution of Morality” The Department of Philosophy, the Institute of Foreign Philosophy, and the Center for the Studies of Analytic Philosophy at Peking University invite Professor Stephen Stich (Rutgers University, USA) to visit Peking University on March 29th, 2024. Professor Stephen Stich kindly accepts the invitation and will deliver a talk on the evolution of morality from 10:00 to 12:00 on March 29th, 2024 in Room 109 of the No. 3 Yard of Lee Shau Kee Humanities Buildings. The Abstract for the Talk: The theory of moral psychology proposed by Sripada & Stich, and many other theories in which social learning plays a major role, suggests that people will often internalize standards that reduce their own biological fitness. It might be thought that no such psychological mechanism could possibly evolve. But that would be a mistake. In this talk, I’ll explain why it was all but unavoidable that natural selection would lead to moral psychology in our species, once we had acquired the ability to learn from one another. The account I’ll offer explains why many moral regulations improve cooperative or pro-social behavior. It also explains why many human regulations lead to ethnic hatred and morally unacceptable behavior. If the account is correct, these standards will be very difficult to overturn, and powerful cultural differences in standards are likely to be widespread. * Chandra Sripada & Stephen Stich, “A Framework for the Psychology of Norms,” in P. Carruthers, S. Laurence & S. Stich, eds., The Innate Mind: Culture and Cognition. (New York: Oxford University Press), 2006. pp. 280-301. 1．What will happen at Peking University according to the text? A．Lee Shau Kee will give lectures. B．A foreign expert will visit. C．An international conference will be held. D．Sripada and Stich will conduct a book fair. 2．Whom does “I” in the text refer to? A．S. Laurence B．P. Carruthers C．Stephen Stich D．Chandra Sripada 3．What is the text? A．A book review B．A research abstract C．A sales advertisement D．An academic notice Passage 2 （25-26高一下·吉林长春·期中）It’s a classic complaint in relationships, especially romantic ones: “She said she was okay with me forgetting her birthday! Then why is she throwing dishes in the kitchen? Are the two things related? ” The answer is YES. Communication is more than words. It’s how those words are said, the tone, the order, even the choice of a particular word. It’s multi-dimensional, as explored by Deirdre Wilson and Dan Sperber in Meaning and Relevance. Consider the following example: Peter got angry and Mary left; Mary left and Peter got angry. Though identical in words, their meanings differ completely. The first one may have us thinking: Wow, Peter must get angry often if Mary leaves. The second sentence suggests that Peter wants more from Mary. Same words — a totally different context. Human language is not a code (编码). True codes have a one-to-one relationship with meaning. One sound, one definition. This is what we see with animals. Wilson and Sperber explain that “coded communication works best when emitter (发出者) and receiver share exactly the same code. ” Not so for humans. We communicate more than the definitions of our words would suggest. This is inferential communication, and it means that we understand not only the words spoken, but the context in which they are spoken. Irony (反语) is a great example of how powerfully we can communicate context with a few simple words. It is more than just stating the opposite. For example, when Mary says, after a boring party, “That was fun”, she is neither saying literally that the party was fun nor saying “ironically” that the party was boring. Rather, she is expressing an emotion. Three words replace paragraphs, showcasing language’s efficiency. Wilson and Sperber concluded that human language developed and became so powerful because of two unique abilities of humans: language and the power to try to interpret mental states of others. We look for context for the words we hear. And we should be very good at absorbing this context to infer meaning. 4．What does the complaint in Paragraph 1 mainly tell us? A．The importance of remembering important moments. B．The inconsistence between words and meaning. C．The necessity of indirect communication. D．The possibility of argument in a couple's life. 5．What may make human language different from true codes? A．The context included in understanding meanings. B．The definitions made by words in communication. C．The coded communication between emitter and receiver. D．The one-to-one relationship between word and meaning. 6．How does Mary’s statement “That was fun” show about irony? A．It uses fewer words to save time. B．It uses a long sentence to show simple feelings. C．It needs detailed explanations to make sense. D．It uses fewer words for complex meanings. 7．What does the author suggest in communication? A．Focusing on the opposite. B．Taking language literally. C．Reading beyond the words. D．Avoiding using ironic tones. Passage 3 （2026·安徽合肥·三模）Many concepts that are central to the human experience are abstract, such as relationships, ideas, and time — things we can’t directly see or touch. We commonly use concrete language to talk and think about these things, often through metaphors. Using metaphors is far more than a poetic device of factual statements. A study conducted at Purchase College found that metaphors can frame people’s perspectives, thus shaping their reasoning and subsequent actions. For example, describing the effort to stop climate change as a “war” rather than a “race” caused people to feel more urgency about reducing emissions. Another example is the lightbulb metaphor commonly used to describe new ideas, suggesting that new thoughts appear suddenly like a light switch being turned on. However, this metaphor implies that new ideas come effortlessly and are accessible only to a select few geniuses, such as Isaac Newton, who supposedly developed his theory of gravity from a sudden insight about a falling apple. It may lead people to question their capability to generate new ideas, and as a behavioral consequence, people may underestimate the role of hard work and continuous learning in bringing about change. An alternative way to describe ideas is by comparing new thoughts to seeds that fall on fertile ground and if cared for, will grow and develop over time. Different from the lightbulb metaphor, the seed metaphor implies an understanding that generating new ideas is a laborious process, which requires time and effort. It also suggests that anybody can be the cultivator of ideas as long as they put their mind to it. The subtle effects of metaphors show how powerful language can be, even though we often don’t realize it. Who’d have thought a simple use of a lightbulb metaphor could profoundly affect how we understand the concept of innovation? Given the nature of our metaphorical minds, it is worth asking: are our metaphors suitable? We owe it to ourselves and others to use metaphors appropriately. These choices, conscious or not, can be constructive or destructive. 8．What does the study find about metaphors? A．They help clarify abstract concepts. B．They may cause some misunderstanding. C．They make language more poetic and vivid. D．They can influence people’s minds and behavior. 9．Why is the example of “lightbulb metaphor” quoted in paragraph 3? A．To raise some doubt about metaphors. B．To highlight improper use of metaphors. C．To illustrate poetic functions of metaphors. D．To demonstrate the influence of metaphors. 10．How does the “seed metaphor” differ from the “lightbulb metaphor”? A．It suggests consistent efforts of individuals. B．It attaches great significance to natural talent. C．It arouses people’s awareness of their creativity. D．It simplifies the process of generating new ideas. 11．What does the author suggest about the use of metaphors? A．Making them more poetic and vivid. B．Applying them with caution and appropriateness. C．Using them to change people’s negative behavior. D．Avoiding metaphors that involve abstract concepts. Passage 4 （25-26高一下·江西九江·期中）Most of you may agree that to become a conversational or fluent speaker in Chinese, you must immerse (沉浸) yourself in a Chinese-speaking environment in China. 12 . Luckily, there are plenty of ways to do so in your home country. 13 A formal Chinese course gives you an environment where you can cut yourself off from your native language and immerse yourself in Chinese, though you still have to try your best to speak as much Chinese as possible when communicating with your classmates and teachers. Create an immersive environment Try putting sticky notes on all your household objects in Chinese characters and pinyin so that you are reminded of them throughout your day. As an additional step, switch your mobile phone and computer’s default (默认的) language to Chinese. 14 . Find a language partner In addition, you need to find yourself a language partner to further increase your opportunities for speaking Chinese. Of course, it is better to have a native speaker as a language partner. 15 . Remember the goal here is creating an environment for you to use the language. 16 ? If you are a university student, check out programs offered by your school’s Asian Studies or International Education departments. They usually host frequent international coffee hours or plenty of events in Chinese. It is very likely that you can find some suitable language partners there. A．Sign up for a Chinese class B．What kind of partners are suitable for you C．Then how can you find yourself a language partner D．Consume Chinese social media and entertainment E．Such strategies may help you make your environment more Chinese F．Yet many of you lack the time, money, or desire to spend a significant time in China G．But even someone that is learning Chinese alongside you is also suitable for practice Passage 5 （2026·河南·三模）The gong (锣) struck for the 10th time, signaling that 10,000 meals had been made. The Laguna Creek High’s cafeteria erupted in applause, and Vevian Nguyen knew her gloves and hairnet were staying on. “Every time we hit the gong, it felt like a little pat on the back,” Vevian said. “It only fueled us to keep going.” Within an hour, students at Laguna Creek High packed 10,000 meals to be donated during the holidays. But Vevian said she wasn’t there to simply check off her service hour requirements. The meal-packing night was part of an international initiative called Rise Against Hunger, which is run by a collection of student groups. This was Laguna Creek High’s second Rise Against Hunger attempt. During the holidays, their 20,000 meals will reach families in Vietnam affected by major disasters this year. At weekly club meetings, students created posters, spread the word on social media and promoted their goal of packing 20,000 meals to everyone on campus. It was a student-led collaboration and an ambitious objective that attracted hundreds of students to sign up, show up, and lock in. For Cynthia, a teacher, the night of meal-packing also showcased a rare school connection among students. “Watching all of these students laugh and build their own character by reaching out to help others is rewarding,” she said. “They’re all engaged and that lifts the community.” Vevian grew up in a low-income family. After watching family members struggle financially in recent months, she said she felt a strong urge to help. Laguna Creek High’s new holiday ritual (仪式) has further enhanced her year-round commitment to community service. “You have to step up, use your voice and hold yourself accountable,” Vevian said. “Even if you just make a small impact every time, it can slowly build the strength for the rest to stand behind you.” 17．How might Vevian feel when hearing the gong ringing? A．Relieved. B．Annoyed. C．Motivated. D．Confused. 18．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The high demand for donated meals. B．The background of the volunteer activity. C．The ways students carried out the meal-packing event. D．The positive changes the activity brought to the school. 19．How did Vevian’s schoolmates respond to Rise Against Hunger? A．They hesitated to take part. B．They showed great enthusiasm. C．They emphasized its academic benefits. D．They proposed improvement approaches. 20．What do Vevian’s words in the last paragraph show? A．Small actions make a big difference. B．One should speak for the poor. C．Teamwork is key to community service. D．Everyone has the responsibility to donate. Passage 6 （25-26高一下·山东·阶段检测）At nineteen, Holly set off to study abroad in Nancy, France, her heart full of excitement. Yet within weeks of arrival, that excitement 21 into loneliness. Daily life in a foreign land proved much harder than 22 , especially when it came to speaking French. “I could understand the language somewhat, but I was very poor at speaking it. My 23 was terrible. People couldn’t understand me,” she said. The continuous 24 to be understood left her tired and sad. The only thing keeping her going was a(n) 25 package from home. “Mother had sent my favorite food — something I couldn’t find in local shops.” She went to the post office to 26 it, but the clerk couldn’t understand her broken speech no matter how hard she tried. “The more I repeated myself, the more discouraged and 27 I felt. I was about to 28 in tears when a stranger came to my 29 .” A local woman asked in Holly’s own language, “Can I help you?” Then she spoke to the clerk, and within minutes, the package was in Holly’s hands. But the kindness didn’t 30 there. The woman invited Holly to her house for dinner. “It soon became our weekly habit. It was a safe place where I could 31 my French without fear. I 32 felt like I was at home there.” Decades later, they still keep in touch. “Her act of kindness has 33 my life,” Holly said. “Now I pay more attention to people who need help, offering the same 34 I once received. I will be forever 35 that someone chose to help me when I needed it most.” 21．A．settled B．divided C．gathered D．faded 22．A．expected B．requested C．indicated D．maintained 23．A．translation B．manner C．pronunciation D．function 24．A．option B．struggle C．decision D．reflection 25．A．familiar B．neat C．odd D．commercial 26．A．deliver B．collect C．exchange D．recycle 27．A．relieved B．energetic C．disappointed D．fascinated 28．A．calm down B．carry on C．get through D．break down 29．A．rescue B．tension C．defence D．mission 30．A．launch B．continue C．end D．postpone 31．A．update B．practice C．complain D．whisper 32．A．truly B．occasionally C．sharply D．formally 33．A．saved B．controlled C．judged D．influenced 34．A．resource B．warmth C．suggestion D．respect 35．A．graceful B．regretful C．joyful D．grateful 迁移应用篇 一、根据语境填入恰当的内容 1. I think I put more __________ (express) into my lyrics than a lot of other singers do. 2. On the far side of the street was a restaurant that looked _____________(accept). 3. The conditions laid down to me were not too __________ (limit). 4. After a whirlwind romance the couple announced their ____________ (engage) in July. 5. Given the overall benefits of learning an instrument or participating _____ a choir, engaging in such a cognitive stimulator as we age could be beneficial. 6.It makes no difference to me ________ we shall spend our holiday, for what I need is only relaxation. 二、应用文写作 假设你叫李华，你的英国笔友Jason所在的学校要组织来中国参加主题夏令营活动，每个学生可以从以下三个主题营中选择一个参加： 1.唐诗学习夏令营；2.乒乓球学习夏令营；3.剪纸学习夏令营。 Jason 来信希望你能给他推荐一个。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1.你对Jason 的来访表示欢迎； 2.你推荐的夏令营及推荐理由； 3.你的祝愿。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ $ Unit 2 Bridging Cultures 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 参考答案 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 1．B 2．C 3．D Passage 2 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C Passage 3 8．D 9．D 10．A 11．B Passage 4 12．F 13．A 14．E 15．G 16．C Passage 5 17．C 18．B 19．B 20．A Passage 6 21．D 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．C 31．B 32．A 33．D 34．B 35．D 迁移应用篇 一、根据语境填入恰当的内容 1. expression 2. acceptable 3. limiting 4. engagement 5. in 6. where 二、应用文写作 【参考范文】 Dear Jason, I'm glad you're going to attend summer camps in China. Of the three themes, I suggest you choose to learn to play table tennis. My reasons are as follows. First, it's easy to learn table tennis. Table tennis can help you build up your strength and make you more energetic. Besides, table tennis is popular among Chinese people. By participating in this training camp, not only can you make some friends with the same interest but you can also get some professional guidance and improve your skills. I hope you'll enjoy your summer camp. Looking forward to meeting you in China. Yours, Li Hua 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 2 Bridging Cultures 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 识·单元要点概览 读·外刊拓展阅读 （来源：BBC Learning English）Getting used to life in a foreign country can be difficult… as well as fun! We spoke to six students who are studying English at London to find out their experiences since moving here. Aijamal from Kyrgyzstan said when she was first here she felt “homesick”. But time is precious, so now she “regrets wasting that time.” She urges visitors: “Don't sit at home.” Make the most of each day! Julia from Germany said getting around the city takes planning. One good way to stay organised is to download an app, “so you can know where you are and where you have to go,” says Julia. But she’s still not used to the way cars drive on the street: “In Germany we drive on the right-hand side, so when I cross the street I don't know which way to look, because I'm a bit confused!” 【全文翻译】 适应异国他乡的生活可能很有挑战性……但也充满乐趣！我们采访了六位在伦敦学习英语的学生，了解他们搬到这里后的经历。 来自吉尔吉斯斯坦的艾贾玛尔说，她刚到这里时感到“想家”。但时间宝贵，现在她“后悔浪费了那些时间”。她劝告大家：“不要待在家里。”要充分利用每一天！ 来自德国的朱莉娅说，在这座城市里出行需要规划。一个好的保持条理的方法是下载一个应用程序，“这样你就能知道你在哪里，以及你要去哪里，”朱莉娅说。但她还是不习惯车辆在道路上的行驶方式：“在德国，我们在右侧行驶，所以当我过马路时，我不知道该看哪个方向，因为我有点困惑！” 【核心词汇】 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ① get used to 适应 ② foreign country 外国 ③ homesick adj. 想家的 ④ precious adj. 宝贵的 ⑤ regret v. 后悔 ⑥ urge v. 敦促；力劝 ⑦ make the most of 充分利用 ⑧ get around 出行；四处走动 ⑨ download v. 下载 ⑩ app n. 应用程序 ⑪ confused adj. 困惑的；迷茫的 【长难句分析】 1. Aijamal from Kyrgyzstan said when she was first here she felt “homesick”. 句意：来自吉尔吉斯斯坦的艾贾玛尔说，她刚到这里时感到“想家”。 分析：本句是复合句。Aijamal from Kyrgyzstan 是主语，said 是谓语，其后接了一个省略引导词 that 的宾语从句。在这个宾语从句中，when she was first here 是时间状语从句，she felt “homesick” 是主句。 2. One good way to stay organised is to download an app, “so you can know where you are and where you have to go,” says Julia. 句意：一个好的保持条理的方法是下载一个应用程序，“这样你就能知道你在哪里，以及你要去哪里，”朱莉娅说。 分析：本句是一个主谓倒装结构，says Julia 是主句，引号内是直接引语作宾语。直接引语部分：One good way... is to download an app 是主系表结构，其中 to stay organised 是动词不定式作后置定语修饰 way，to download an app 是不定式作表语。so you can know... 是结果状语从句，其中 where you are 和 where you have to go 是两个并列的宾语从句。 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·安徽六安·期末）The Talk: “The Evolution of Morality” Professor Stephen Stich’s Talk on “The Evolution of Morality” The Department of Philosophy, the Institute of Foreign Philosophy, and the Center for the Studies of Analytic Philosophy at Peking University invite Professor Stephen Stich (Rutgers University, USA) to visit Peking University on March 29th, 2024. Professor Stephen Stich kindly accepts the invitation and will deliver a talk on the evolution of morality from 10:00 to 12:00 on March 29th, 2024 in Room 109 of the No. 3 Yard of Lee Shau Kee Humanities Buildings. The Abstract for the Talk: The theory of moral psychology proposed by Sripada & Stich, and many other theories in which social learning plays a major role, suggests that people will often internalize standards that reduce their own biological fitness. It might be thought that no such psychological mechanism could possibly evolve. But that would be a mistake. In this talk, I’ll explain why it was all but unavoidable that natural selection would lead to moral psychology in our species, once we had acquired the ability to learn from one another. The account I’ll offer explains why many moral regulations improve cooperative or pro-social behavior. It also explains why many human regulations lead to ethnic hatred and morally unacceptable behavior. If the account is correct, these standards will be very difficult to overturn, and powerful cultural differences in standards are likely to be widespread. * Chandra Sripada & Stephen Stich, “A Framework for the Psychology of Norms,” in P. Carruthers, S. Laurence & S. Stich, eds., The Innate Mind: Culture and Cognition. (New York: Oxford University Press), 2006. pp. 280-301. 1．What will happen at Peking University according to the text? A．Lee Shau Kee will give lectures. B．A foreign expert will visit. C．An international conference will be held. D．Sripada and Stich will conduct a book fair. 2．Whom does “I” in the text refer to? A．S. Laurence B．P. Carruthers C．Stephen Stich D．Chandra Sripada 3．What is the text? A．A book review B．A research abstract C．A sales advertisement D．An academic notice 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则讲座通知，包括讲座的时间、地点、主讲人介绍和内容简介等方面的信息。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Department of Philosophy, the Institute of Foreign Philosophy, and the Center for the Studies of Analytic Philosophy at Peking University invite Professor Stephen Stich (Rutgers University, USA) to visit Peking University on March 29th, 2024. (北京大学哲学系、外国哲学研究所、分析哲学研究中心将于2024年3月29日邀请来自美国罗格斯大学的Stephen Stich教授访问北京大学。)”可知，一位外国专家Stephen Stich教授将来北京大学。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据标题“Professor Stephen Stich’s Talk on “The Evolution of Morality”（Stephen Stich教授谈“道德的演变”）”和The Abstract for the Talk:(演讲摘要)中“In this talk, I’ll explain why it was all but unavoidable that natural selection would lead to moral psychology in our species, once we had acquired the ability to learn from one another.(在这次演讲中，我将解释为什么一旦我们获得了相互学习的能力，自然选择就会导致我们物种的道德心理，这几乎是不可避免的。)”可知，文章演讲摘要中的“I”指的是Stephen Stich教授。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，根据标题Professor Stephen Stich’s Talk on “The Evolution of Morality”(Stephen Stich谈“道德的演变”)和第一段中“The Department of Philosophy, the Institute of Foreign Philosophy, and the Center for the Studies of Analytic Philosophy at Peking University invite Professor Stephen Stich (Rutgers University, USA) to visit Peking University on March 29th, 2024. (北京大学哲学系、外国哲学研究所、分析哲学研究中心将于2024年3月29日邀请来自美国罗格斯大学的Stephen Stich教授访问北京大学。)”可知，本文是一则通知：美国罗格斯大学Stephen Stich教授将于 2024年3月29日10:00~12:00在北京大学做关于“道德的演变”的讲座。故选D项。 Passage 2 （25-26高一下·吉林长春·期中）It’s a classic complaint in relationships, especially romantic ones: “She said she was okay with me forgetting her birthday! Then why is she throwing dishes in the kitchen? Are the two things related? ” The answer is YES. Communication is more than words. It’s how those words are said, the tone, the order, even the choice of a particular word. It’s multi-dimensional, as explored by Deirdre Wilson and Dan Sperber in Meaning and Relevance. Consider the following example: Peter got angry and Mary left; Mary left and Peter got angry. Though identical in words, their meanings differ completely. The first one may have us thinking: Wow, Peter must get angry often if Mary leaves. The second sentence suggests that Peter wants more from Mary. Same words — a totally different context. Human language is not a code (编码). True codes have a one-to-one relationship with meaning. One sound, one definition. This is what we see with animals. Wilson and Sperber explain that “coded communication works best when emitter (发出者) and receiver share exactly the same code. ” Not so for humans. We communicate more than the definitions of our words would suggest. This is inferential communication, and it means that we understand not only the words spoken, but the context in which they are spoken. Irony (反语) is a great example of how powerfully we can communicate context with a few simple words. It is more than just stating the opposite. For example, when Mary says, after a boring party, “That was fun”, she is neither saying literally that the party was fun nor saying “ironically” that the party was boring. Rather, she is expressing an emotion. Three words replace paragraphs, showcasing language’s efficiency. Wilson and Sperber concluded that human language developed and became so powerful because of two unique abilities of humans: language and the power to try to interpret mental states of others. We look for context for the words we hear. And we should be very good at absorbing this context to infer meaning. 4．What does the complaint in Paragraph 1 mainly tell us? A．The importance of remembering important moments. B．The inconsistence between words and meaning. C．The necessity of indirect communication. D．The possibility of argument in a couple's life. 5．What may make human language different from true codes? A．The context included in understanding meanings. B．The definitions made by words in communication. C．The coded communication between emitter and receiver. D．The one-to-one relationship between word and meaning. 6．How does Mary’s statement “That was fun” show about irony? A．It uses fewer words to save time. B．It uses a long sentence to show simple feelings. C．It needs detailed explanations to make sense. D．It uses fewer words for complex meanings. 7．What does the author suggest in communication? A．Focusing on the opposite. B．Taking language literally. C．Reading beyond the words. D．Avoiding using ironic tones. 【答案】4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C 【导语】文章主要介绍人类语言交流特点及反语在交流中的作用。 【详解】4．推理判断题。根据第一段“She said she was okay with me forgetting her birthday! Then why is she throwing dishes in the kitchen? Are the two things related?(她说她不介意我忘记她的生日！那她为什么在厨房里摔盘子呢？这两件事有关系吗？)”以及第二段“Communication is more than words. It’s how those words are said, the tone, the order, even the choice of a particular word.(沟通不仅仅是言语，还包括说话的方式、语调、顺序，甚至某个词语的选择)”可推知，第一段的抱怨主要表明了言语和意思之间的不一致。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Human language is not a code (编码). True codes have a one-to-one relationship with meaning. One sound, one definition. This is what we see with animals. Wilson and Sperber explain that “coded communication works best when emitter (发出者) and receiver share exactly the same code. ” Not so for humans. We communicate more than the definitions of our words would suggest. This is inferential communication, and it means that we understand not only the words spoken, but the context in which they are spoken.(人类语言并非一种编码。真正的编码具有意义与声音之间的一一对应关系，即一个声音对应一个定义。这正是我们观察到动物行为时的情况。威尔逊和斯佩伯指出：“当发出者和接收者使用完全相同的编码时，编码式交流效果最佳。” 但人类的情况并非如此。我们的交流远超词语本身所表达的含义。这种交流属于推断性沟通，意味着我们不仅理解所说的话语，还理解其出现的语境)”可知，理解意义时所包含的语境使人类语言不同于真正的编码。 6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Irony (反语) is a great example of how powerfully we can communicate context with a few simple words. It is more than just stating the opposite. For example, when Mary says, after a boring party, “That was fun”, she is neither saying literally that the party was fun nor saying “ironically” that the party was boring. Rather, she is expressing an emotion. Three words replace paragraphs, showcasing language’s efficiency.(反语就是一个绝佳的例子，展示了我们如何用寥寥数语就能强有力地传达语境。它不仅仅是表达相反的意思。例如，当玛丽在一场无聊的派对后说“那很有趣”，她既没有字面意思上表示派对很有趣，也没有“讽刺地”说明派对无聊。相反，她是在表达一种情绪。三个词取代了整段文字，充分展现了语言的高效性)”可知，玛丽的陈述“那很有趣”用更少的词表达了复杂的意思，从而说明了反语的特点。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Wilson and Sperber concluded that human language developed and became so powerful because of two unique abilities of humans: language and the power to try to interpret mental states of others. We look for context for the words we hear. And we should be very good at absorbing this context to infer meaning.(威尔逊和斯佩伯得出结论：人类语言之所以发展并变得如此强大，是因为人类具备两种独特的能力：语言本身，以及解读他人心理状态的能力。我们会在听到的词语中寻找语境，并且应当非常擅长吸收这些语境以推断其含义)”可推知，作者认为在交流中应该理解话语背后的意思，也就是不仅仅局限于字面意思。 Passage 3 （2026·安徽合肥·三模）Many concepts that are central to the human experience are abstract, such as relationships, ideas, and time — things we can’t directly see or touch. We commonly use concrete language to talk and think about these things, often through metaphors. Using metaphors is far more than a poetic device of factual statements. A study conducted at Purchase College found that metaphors can frame people’s perspectives, thus shaping their reasoning and subsequent actions. For example, describing the effort to stop climate change as a “war” rather than a “race” caused people to feel more urgency about reducing emissions. Another example is the lightbulb metaphor commonly used to describe new ideas, suggesting that new thoughts appear suddenly like a light switch being turned on. However, this metaphor implies that new ideas come effortlessly and are accessible only to a select few geniuses, such as Isaac Newton, who supposedly developed his theory of gravity from a sudden insight about a falling apple. It may lead people to question their capability to generate new ideas, and as a behavioral consequence, people may underestimate the role of hard work and continuous learning in bringing about change. An alternative way to describe ideas is by comparing new thoughts to seeds that fall on fertile ground and if cared for, will grow and develop over time. Different from the lightbulb metaphor, the seed metaphor implies an understanding that generating new ideas is a laborious process, which requires time and effort. It also suggests that anybody can be the cultivator of ideas as long as they put their mind to it. The subtle effects of metaphors show how powerful language can be, even though we often don’t realize it. Who’d have thought a simple use of a lightbulb metaphor could profoundly affect how we understand the concept of innovation? Given the nature of our metaphorical minds, it is worth asking: are our metaphors suitable? We owe it to ourselves and others to use metaphors appropriately. These choices, conscious or not, can be constructive or destructive. 8．What does the study find about metaphors? A．They help clarify abstract concepts. B．They may cause some misunderstanding. C．They make language more poetic and vivid. D．They can influence people’s minds and behavior. 9．Why is the example of “lightbulb metaphor” quoted in paragraph 3? A．To raise some doubt about metaphors. B．To highlight improper use of metaphors. C．To illustrate poetic functions of metaphors. D．To demonstrate the influence of metaphors. 10．How does the “seed metaphor” differ from the “lightbulb metaphor”? A．It suggests consistent efforts of individuals. B．It attaches great significance to natural talent. C．It arouses people’s awareness of their creativity. D．It simplifies the process of generating new ideas. 11．What does the author suggest about the use of metaphors? A．Making them more poetic and vivid. B．Applying them with caution and appropriateness. C．Using them to change people’s negative behavior. D．Avoiding metaphors that involve abstract concepts. 【答案】8．D 9．D 10．A 11．B 【导语】文章通过对比“灯泡隐喻”和“种子隐喻”对人们思维方式的不同影响，论证了隐喻能够塑造人们的推理和后续行为，并建议人们谨慎恰当地使用隐喻。 【详解】8．细节理解题。根据第二段中“A study conducted at Purchase College found that metaphors can frame people’s perspectives, thus shaping their reasoning and subsequent actions. (Purchase College进行的一项研究发现，隐喻能够构建人们的视角，从而塑造他们的推理和随后的行动。)”可知，隐喻能影响人们的思维和行为。 9．推理判断题。根据第三段中“It may lead people to question their capability to generate new ideas, and as a behavioral consequence, people may underestimate the role of hard work and continuous learning in bringing about change.(它可能导致人们质疑自己产生新想法的能力，其行为后果是，人们可能低估努力工作和持续学习在带来改变中的作用。)”可知，作者引用灯泡隐喻是为了展示隐喻对人们思维和行为的实际影响，从而证明隐喻具有影响力。 10．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Different from the lightbulb metaphor, the seed metaphor implies an understanding that generating new ideas is a laborious process, which requires time and effort.(与灯泡隐喻不同，种子隐喻暗示产生新想法是一个艰苦的过程，需要时间和努力。)”以及“It also suggests that anybody can be the cultivator of ideas as long as they put their mind to it. (它还表明，只要用心，任何人都可以成为想法的培育者。)”可知，种子隐喻强调个人的持续努力。 11．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“We owe it to ourselves and others to use metaphors appropriately.(为了自己和他人，我们应该恰当地使用隐喻。)”以及“These choices, conscious or not, can be constructive or destructive.(这些选择，无论有意与否，都可能是建设性的或破坏性的。)”可知，作者建议谨慎且恰当地使用隐喻。 Passage 4 （25-26高一下·江西九江·期中）Most of you may agree that to become a conversational or fluent speaker in Chinese, you must immerse (沉浸) yourself in a Chinese-speaking environment in China. 12 . Luckily, there are plenty of ways to do so in your home country. 13 A formal Chinese course gives you an environment where you can cut yourself off from your native language and immerse yourself in Chinese, though you still have to try your best to speak as much Chinese as possible when communicating with your classmates and teachers. Create an immersive environment Try putting sticky notes on all your household objects in Chinese characters and pinyin so that you are reminded of them throughout your day. As an additional step, switch your mobile phone and computer’s default (默认的) language to Chinese. 14 . Find a language partner In addition, you need to find yourself a language partner to further increase your opportunities for speaking Chinese. Of course, it is better to have a native speaker as a language partner. 15 . Remember the goal here is creating an environment for you to use the language. 16 ? If you are a university student, check out programs offered by your school’s Asian Studies or International Education departments. They usually host frequent international coffee hours or plenty of events in Chinese. It is very likely that you can find some suitable language partners there. A．Sign up for a Chinese class B．What kind of partners are suitable for you C．Then how can you find yourself a language partner D．Consume Chinese social media and entertainment E．Such strategies may help you make your environment more Chinese F．Yet many of you lack the time, money, or desire to spend a significant time in China G．But even someone that is learning Chinese alongside you is also suitable for practice 【答案】12．F 13．A 14．E 15．G 16．C 【导语】想流利说中文未必非要去中国，文中介绍了多种方法：报名中文课、打造中文生活环境、寻找语言搭档，并给出了寻找搭档的具体途径。 【详解】12．根据上文“Most of you may agree that to become a conversational or fluent speaker in Chinese, you must immerse (沉浸) yourself in a Chinese-speaking environment in China.(你们大多数人或许都会认同，要想成为流利的中文会话者，就必须置身于一个以中文交流为主的环境中，比如去中国生活一段时间)”以及后文“Luckily, there are plenty of ways to do so in your home country.(幸运的是，在你的本国有很多可行的办法可以做到这一点)”可知，前文说大家普遍认为学中文要去中国的中文环境，后文转折说“好在本国也有很多方法”，F选项“但你们很多人缺少时间、金钱，也不想长期待在中国”完美衔接转折，符合逻辑。 13．根据后文“A formal Chinese course gives you an environment where you can cut yourself off from your native language and immerse yourself in Chinese, though you still have to try your best to speak as much Chinese as possible when communicating with your classmates and teachers.(参加正规的中文课程能为你提供一个环境，在这个环境中你可以暂时抛开自己的母语，全身心地投入到学习中文当中。不过，在与同学和老师交流时，你仍需尽力尽可能多地使用中文)”可知，空后整段都在介绍正式中文课程的作用，A选项“报名中文课”正好是这一段的主题句，对应下文。 14．根据上文“Try putting sticky notes on all your household objects in Chinese characters and pinyin so that you are reminded of them throughout your day. As an additional step, switch your mobile phone and computer’s default (默认的) language to Chinese.(试着在你家里的所有物品上贴上用汉字和拼音标注的便利贴，这样你就能在一天中随时想起它们。另外，还可以将手机和电脑的默认语言设置为中文)”可知，前文介绍了贴中文便签、把电子设备改成中文默认语言这些营造中文环境的方法，E选项“这些方法可以帮你让环境更有中文氛围”总结前文，对应本段“打造沉浸式环境”的主题。 15．根据上文“In addition, you need to find yourself a language partner to further increase your opportunities for speaking Chinese. Of course, it is better to have a native speaker as a language partner.(此外，你还需要找到一个语言伙伴，以进一步增加你说中文的机会。当然，如果有母语为汉语的人作为你的语言伙伴会更好)”可知，前文说“最好找母语者当语伴”，G选项“但哪怕是和你一起学中文的人也适合练习”承接上文，退一步说明要求，符合逻辑。 16．根据后文“If you are a university student, check out programs offered by your school’s Asian Studies or International Education departments. They usually host frequent international coffee hours or plenty of events in Chinese. It is very likely that you can find some suitable language partners there.(如果你是大学生，可以查看你所在学校亚洲研究系或国际教育系提供的课程。他们通常会定期举办国际咖啡交流会或者有很多用中文进行的活动。很有可能在那里你能找到合适的语言交流伙伴)”可知，空后整段都在介绍去哪里找合适的语伴，C选项“那你要怎么给自己找语伴呢”引出下文的回答，符合设问逻辑。 Passage 5 （2026·河南·三模）The gong (锣) struck for the 10th time, signaling that 10,000 meals had been made. The Laguna Creek High’s cafeteria erupted in applause, and Vevian Nguyen knew her gloves and hairnet were staying on. “Every time we hit the gong, it felt like a little pat on the back,” Vevian said. “It only fueled us to keep going.” Within an hour, students at Laguna Creek High packed 10,000 meals to be donated during the holidays. But Vevian said she wasn’t there to simply check off her service hour requirements. The meal-packing night was part of an international initiative called Rise Against Hunger, which is run by a collection of student groups. This was Laguna Creek High’s second Rise Against Hunger attempt. During the holidays, their 20,000 meals will reach families in Vietnam affected by major disasters this year. At weekly club meetings, students created posters, spread the word on social media and promoted their goal of packing 20,000 meals to everyone on campus. It was a student-led collaboration and an ambitious objective that attracted hundreds of students to sign up, show up, and lock in. For Cynthia, a teacher, the night of meal-packing also showcased a rare school connection among students. “Watching all of these students laugh and build their own character by reaching out to help others is rewarding,” she said. “They’re all engaged and that lifts the community.” Vevian grew up in a low-income family. After watching family members struggle financially in recent months, she said she felt a strong urge to help. Laguna Creek High’s new holiday ritual (仪式) has further enhanced her year-round commitment to community service. “You have to step up, use your voice and hold yourself accountable,” Vevian said. “Even if you just make a small impact every time, it can slowly build the strength for the rest to stand behind you.” 17．How might Vevian feel when hearing the gong ringing? A．Relieved. B．Annoyed. C．Motivated. D．Confused. 18．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The high demand for donated meals. B．The background of the volunteer activity. C．The ways students carried out the meal-packing event. D．The positive changes the activity brought to the school. 19．How did Vevian’s schoolmates respond to Rise Against Hunger? A．They hesitated to take part. B．They showed great enthusiasm. C．They emphasized its academic benefits. D．They proposed improvement approaches. 20．What do Vevian’s words in the last paragraph show? A．Small actions make a big difference. B．One should speak for the poor. C．Teamwork is key to community service. D．Everyone has the responsibility to donate. 【答案】17．C 18．B 19．B 20．A 【导语】文章主要介绍了Laguna Creek高中的学生参与“Rise Against Hunger”国际倡议活动，为受灾害影响的家庭打包餐食的故事。 【详解】17．推理判断题。根据第一段中““Every time we hit the gong, it felt like a little pat on the back,” Vevian said. “It only fueled us to keep going.” (Vevian说：“每次敲锣，都感觉像是在背后轻轻拍了一下。它只会激励我们继续前进。”)”可知，听到锣声时，Vevian感到备受激励。 18．主旨大意题。根据第三段“The meal-packing night was part of an international initiative called Rise Against Hunger, which is run by a collection of student groups. This was Laguna Creek High’s second Rise Against Hunger attempt. During the holidays, their 20,000 meals will reach families in Vietnam affected by major disasters this year. (打包餐食之夜是名为Rise Against Hunger的国际倡议活动的一部分，该活动由多个学生团体共同运作。这是Laguna Creek高中第二次尝试Rise Against Hunger活动。在假期期间，他们打包的20000份餐食将送达今年受重大灾害影响的越南家庭)”可知，本段主要介绍了这次志愿活动的背景。 19．推理判断题。根据第四段中“At weekly club meetings, students created posters, spread the word on social media and promoted their goal of packing 20,000 meals to everyone on campus. It was a student-led collaboration and an ambitious objective that attracted hundreds of students to sign up, show up, and lock in. (在每周的俱乐部会议上，学生们制作海报，在社交媒体上传播消息，并向校园里的每个人宣传他们打包2万顿饭的目标。这是一项由学生主导的合作，一个雄心勃勃的目标，吸引了数百名学生报名、到场并投入其中)”可知，Vevian的同学们对“Rise Against Hunger”表现出极大的热情。 20．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Vevian的话“Even if you just make a small impact every time, it can slowly build the strength for the rest to stand behind you. (即使你每次都只是产生一点小小的影响，它也能慢慢积聚力量，让其他人支持你)”可知，Vevian的话表明小行动也能产生大影响。 Passage 6 （25-26高一下·山东·阶段检测）At nineteen, Holly set off to study abroad in Nancy, France, her heart full of excitement. Yet within weeks of arrival, that excitement 21 into loneliness. Daily life in a foreign land proved much harder than 22 , especially when it came to speaking French. “I could understand the language somewhat, but I was very poor at speaking it. My 23 was terrible. People couldn’t understand me,” she said. The continuous 24 to be understood left her tired and sad. The only thing keeping her going was a(n) 25 package from home. “Mother had sent my favorite food — something I couldn’t find in local shops.” She went to the post office to 26 it, but the clerk couldn’t understand her broken speech no matter how hard she tried. “The more I repeated myself, the more discouraged and 27 I felt. I was about to 28 in tears when a stranger came to my 29 .” A local woman asked in Holly’s own language, “Can I help you?” Then she spoke to the clerk, and within minutes, the package was in Holly’s hands. But the kindness didn’t 30 there. The woman invited Holly to her house for dinner. “It soon became our weekly habit. It was a safe place where I could 31 my French without fear. I 32 felt like I was at home there.” Decades later, they still keep in touch. “Her act of kindness has 33 my life,” Holly said. “Now I pay more attention to people who need help, offering the same 34 I once received. I will be forever 35 that someone chose to help me when I needed it most.” 21．A．settled B．divided C．gathered D．faded 22．A．expected B．requested C．indicated D．maintained 23．A．translation B．manner C．pronunciation D．function 24．A．option B．struggle C．decision D．reflection 25．A．familiar B．neat C．odd D．commercial 26．A．deliver B．collect C．exchange D．recycle 27．A．relieved B．energetic C．disappointed D．fascinated 28．A．calm down B．carry on C．get through D．break down 29．A．rescue B．tension C．defence D．mission 30．A．launch B．continue C．end D．postpone 31．A．update B．practice C．complain D．whisper 32．A．truly B．occasionally C．sharply D．formally 33．A．saved B．controlled C．judged D．influenced 34．A．resource B．warmth C．suggestion D．respect 35．A．graceful B．regretful C．joyful D．grateful 【答案】 21．D 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．C 31．B 32．A 33．D 34．B 35．D 【导语】文章主要讲述了Holly留学法国时因语言障碍陷入困境，幸得当地人帮助并收获友谊的故事。 【详解】21．考查动词。句意：然而抵达几周后，那份兴奋渐渐消散，取而代之的是孤独。A. settled定居；B. divided分开；C. gathered聚集；D. faded逐渐消失。根据前文“her heart full of excitement. Yet within weeks of arrival, that excitement”和后文“into loneliness”可知，前文讲述满怀期待出国，后文出现孤独情绪，说明兴奋感慢慢褪去。 22．考查动词。句意：异国的日常生活远比预想中艰难，尤其是在说法语这件事上。A. expected预料；B. requested要求；C. indicated表明；D. maintained维持。根据前文“Daily life in a foreign land proved much harder than”可知，现实留学生活和之前预想的不一样，难度超出预期。 23．考查名词。句意：我的发音很差劲，别人都听不懂我说话。A. translation翻译；B. manner举止；C. pronunciation发音；D. function功能。根据前文“I was very poor at speaking it”和后文“People couldn’t understand me”可知，前文提到她口语表达很差，结合后文描述别人听不懂她说话，说明是发音存在问题。 24．考查名词。句意：一直努力让别人听懂自己，这份挣扎让她疲惫又难过。A. option选择；B. struggle艰难努力、挣扎；C. decision决定；D. reflection反思。根据后文“to be understood”可知，她一直费力开口却无法被理解，这是一种艰难的挣扎。 25．考查形容词。句意：唯一支撑她坚持下去的是一份来自家乡的熟悉包裹。A. familiar熟悉的；B. neat整洁的；C. odd奇怪的；D. commercial商业的。根据后文“Mother had sent my favorite food”可知，包裹里是家里寄来的爱吃的食物，是熟悉的家乡物品。 26．考查动词。句意：她去邮局取包裹，可无论她怎么努力表达，工作人员都听不懂她蹩脚的口语。A. deliver递送；B. collect领取、收取；C. exchange交换；D. recycle回收。根据前文“She went to the post office to”可知，包裹到达邮局后，需要本人去邮局领取包裹。 27．考查形容词。句意：我重复表达得越多，就越发沮丧失望。A. relieved宽慰的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. disappointed失望的；D. fascinated着迷的。根据前文“The more I repeated myself, the more discouraged and”可知，一直表达却始终无法沟通，人的情绪会变得低落失望。 28．考查动词短语。句意：我马上就要崩溃落泪的时候，一位陌生人向我伸出了援手。A. calm down冷静；B. carry on继续；C. get through通过；D. break down崩溃、情绪失控。根据后文“in tears”可知，沟通彻底失败，Holly情绪崩溃，差点哭出来。 29．考查名词。句意：我马上就要崩溃落泪的时候，一位陌生人向我伸出了援手。A. rescue救援、帮助；B. tension紧张；C. defence防御；D. mission任务。根据后文“A local woman asked in Holly’s own language, “Can I help you?””可知，一位当地的女人主动帮助Holly，come to one’s rescue为固定搭配，意为“帮助某人、解救某人”。 30．考查动词。句意：但是这份善意并没有就此结束。A. launch发起；B. continue继续；C. end结束；D. postpone推迟。根据后文“The woman invited Holly to her house for dinner”可知，这位女士不仅帮忙取包裹，还邀请Holly去家里吃饭，善意没有止步于帮忙沟通。 31．考查动词。句意：这是一个安心的地方，我可以毫无顾虑地练习法语。A. update更新；B. practice练习；C. complain抱怨；D. whisper低语。根据后文“my French without fear”可知，Holly法语口语不好，在当地人家里可以安心练习口语。 32．考查副词。句意：在那里我真切地感受到了家的温暖。A. truly真正地、真切地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. sharply急剧地；D. formally正式地。根据后文“felt like I was at home there”可知，陌生女士的照顾让Holly实实在在拥有了归属感。 33．考查动词。句意：Holly说：“她的善意改变并影响了我的一生。”A. saved拯救；B. controlled控制；C. judged评判；D. influenced影响。根据后文“Now I pay more attention to people who need help, offering the same ______ I once received”可知，陌生人的善意改变了Holly的处事方式，深刻影响了Holly的人生。 34．考查名词。句意：如今我会主动帮助有需要的人，传递我曾经收获的这份温暖。A. resource资源；B. warmth温暖；C. suggestion建议；D. respect尊重。根据前文“Now I pay more attention to people who need help, offering the same”可知，陌生人给予的是善意与温暖，Holly如今将这份温暖传递下去。 35．考查形容词。句意：我永远心怀感激，感激在我最无助的时候有人向我伸出援手。A. graceful优雅的；B. regretful遗憾的；C. joyful开心的；D. grateful感激的。根据后文“that someone chose to help me when I needed it most”可知，Holly受人恩惠，内心一直满怀感恩之情。 迁移应用篇 一、根据语境填入恰当的内容 1. I think I put more __________ (express) into my lyrics than a lot of other singers do. 2. On the far side of the street was a restaurant that looked _____________(accept). 3. The conditions laid down to me were not too __________ (limit). 4. After a whirlwind romance the couple announced their ____________ (engage) in July. 5. Given the overall benefits of learning an instrument or participating _____ a choir, engaging in such a cognitive stimulator as we age could be beneficial. 6.It makes no difference to me ________ we shall spend our holiday, for what I need is only relaxation. 【答案】 1. expression 2. acceptable 3. limiting 4. engagement 5. in 6. where 二、应用文写作 假设你叫李华，你的英国笔友Jason所在的学校要组织来中国参加主题夏令营活动，每个学生可以从以下三个主题营中选择一个参加： 1.唐诗学习夏令营；2.乒乓球学习夏令营；3.剪纸学习夏令营。 Jason 来信希望你能给他推荐一个。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1.你对Jason 的来访表示欢迎； 2.你推荐的夏令营及推荐理由； 3.你的祝愿。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Dear Jason, I'm glad you're going to attend summer camps in China. Of the three themes, I suggest you choose to learn to play table tennis. My reasons are as follows. First, it's easy to learn table tennis. Table tennis can help you build up your strength and make you more energetic. Besides, table tennis is popular among Chinese people. By participating in this training camp, not only can you make some friends with the same interest but you can also get some professional guidance and improve your skills. I hope you'll enjoy your summer camp. Looking forward to meeting you in China. Yours, Li Hua $