专题01 Units1～2（语篇综合练）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与社会”主题，整合不同体裁语篇（应用文、科普文等），通过多样化题型系统训练语言理解与表达能力，渗透文化意识与思维品质培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|4篇（应用文/科普文/科研说明文/议论文）|考查细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测|语篇类型与考查能力对应：应用文→信息筛选，科普文→逻辑推理，层层递进培养语言能力| |七选五|1篇（学习短文）|考查篇章结构与逻辑衔接|围绕“优秀语言学习者特点”，训练语篇连贯思维，提升学习能力| |完形填空|1篇（记叙文）|考查语境理解与词汇运用|以少年创新故事为载体，融合情感态度与文化意识，强化思维品质|

专题01 Unit 1~Unit 2（语篇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 阅读A 人与社会：应用文，伦敦高校志愿者委员会招募 阅读B 人与社会：科普文，波浪能的困境与发展前景 阅读C 人与社会：科研说明文，腰果壳提取液保鲜牛肉实验 阅读D 人与社会：议论文，肢体语言的作用与文化差异 阅读七选五 人与社会：学习短文，优秀语言学习者的特点 完形填空 人与社会：记叙文，少年用废料造太阳能水泵助乡村 1、 阅读理解 A （2023·广东深圳·一模）King’s College London Volunteering is seeking for paid members to sit on the Student Advisory Board for Volunteering. The Board plays a significant role in influencing the development and delivery of the volunteering service. Its aim is to discover volunteering opportunities for students, teachers and other staff at school. Volunteering, which has the potential to create positive social impact, is a key priority for King’s. The Board will ensure that students’ needs are at the core of the service so that all King’s students can make a difference. This year, the Student Advisory Board for Volunteering will co-create the agenda, and potential issues include: ·Volunteering opportunities for the disabled. ·Promotion of the Board’s service. ·How to recognize and reward volunteers. ·Evaluation (评估) of the Board’s work. This is a unique and exciting opportunity accessible to all studying at King’s, regardless of the volunteer experiences. The Board will be run both online and in-person, and the Board’s members will be paid the London Living Wage (£11.95 per hour) via King’s Talent Bank. The application deadline is 23:59 on Saturday, 31st August 2024. Apply via the form below, using your King’s email address. 1．What does the Board aim to do for those at King’s? A．Perform voluntary work. B．Meet their academic needs. C．Provide learning opportunities. D．Discover volunteering chances. 2．Which of the following is a possible topic for this year’s agenda? A．Running the Board online. B．Training voluntary workers. C．Evaluating the Board’s performance. D．Taking care of people with disabilities. 3．Who can apply to be a member of the Board at King’s? A．The students. B．The teachers. C．The graduates. D．The working staff. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦国王学院志愿服务正在招募有偿成员成为其学生顾问委员会成员。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中““Its aim is to discover volunteering opportunities for students, teachers and other staff at school. (它的目的是为学校的学生、教师和其他工作人员发现志愿服务的机会)”可知，委员会的目标是发现志愿服务的机会。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“This year, the Student Advisory Board for Volunteering will co-create the agenda, and potential issues include (今年，学生志愿服务顾问委员会将共同制定议程，潜在的议题包括)”和其下的第四点“Evaluation (评估) of the Board’s work. (评价委员会的工作)”可知，评估委员会的工作是今年的议程主题之一。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“This is a unique and exciting opportunity accessible to all studying at King’s, regardless of the volunteer experiences. (这是一个独特而令人兴奋的机会，所有在国王学院学习的人都可以获得，无论志愿者经历如何)”可知，学生可以申请成为委员会的一员。故选A项。 B （25-26高二下·黑龙江大庆·期末）In the search for sustainable energy, engineers are turning to an unexpected source: the ocean’s waves. While wind and solar power have seen significant growth, wave energy has remained a largely barely used resource. However, recent technological breakthroughs are bringing this promising but challenging form of renewable energy closer to reality, offering a potential solution to our global energy needs. One of the main setbacks for wave energy has been the harsh marine environment. Saltwater causes rust, and powerful storms can easily damage delicate equipment. To overcome this, companies have been exploring possible solutions and finally decided to develop new materials and designs. Some experts believe these innovations could also help reduce the overall cost of the devices and attract more investment. For instance, some power devices are made of plastic mixtures that can stay in saltwater for years without damage. Others feature systems that allow them to sink below the surface during extreme weather, avoiding the most violent waves. Another significant challenge is efficiency. The movement of waves is irregular and complex, making it difficult for machinery to capture energy consistently. Early devices often broke or were too inefficient to be commercially viable. Now, new designs are proving much more reliable. They use water movement to drive generators, and they have fewer moving parts. This means lower maintenance costs and a longer lifespan. The potential benefit is enormous. Wave energy is far more predictable than wind or solar, as waves can be forecast days in advance. One study suggests that the energy potential of waves along the U.S. coasts alone could supply a significant portion of the nation’s electricity. With a global push to reduce carbon emissions, governments and private investors are pouring more funding into wave energy research, accelerating its development and bringing a cleaner, more stable energy future into view. 4．What is the current state of wave energy? A．It has been widely used in some coastal countries. B．It has become a major electricity source in coastal regions. C．It remains mostly undeveloped despite its enormous potential. D．It faces fewer technical difficulties than wind and solar energy. 5．Why are the new materials and designs developed? A．To reduce the overall cost of the devices. B．To attract more investment from the private companies. C．To allow the devices to sink below the surface during storms. D．To enable the equipment to survive the tough ocean conditions. 6．What does the underlined word “viable” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Safe for the environment. B．Popular among consumers. C．Simple enough to maintain. D．Capable of generating profit. 7．What can be inferred about the future development of wave energy? A．It will primarily rely on government funding. B．It will become cleaner and more stable in the future. C．It will replace traditional energy sources in the near future. D．It will be more widely used in the U.S. than other countries. 【答案】4．C 5．D 6．D 7．B 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了波浪能潜力巨大却开发不足，它面临海洋恶劣环境与转化效率低两大难题，如今技术不断革新，各国加大投入，有望打造清洁稳定的新能源。 【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“In the search for sustainable energy, engineers are turning to an unexpected source: the ocean’s waves. While wind and solar power have seen significant growth, wave energy has remained a largely barely used resource.(在寻找可持续能源的过程中，工程师们正转向一个意想不到的来源：海洋波浪。尽管风能和太阳能发展迅速，但波浪能一直是一个在很大程度上几乎未被使用的能源。)”可知，波浪能尽管潜力巨大，但目前整体开发程度很低。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“One of the main setbacks for wave energy has been the harsh marine environment. Saltwater causes rust, and powerful storms can easily damage delicate equipment. To overcome this, companies have been exploring possible solutions and finally decided to develop new materials and designs. Some experts believe these innovations could also help reduce the overall cost of the devices and attract more investment.(波浪能面临的主要障碍之一是恶劣的海洋环境。海水会导致生锈，而强风暴则容易损坏精密设备。为解决这一问题，企业一直在探索可能的解决方案，并最终决定开发新型材料和设计。一些专家认为，这些创新还有助于降低设备的整体成本，并吸引更多投资。)”可知，开发新材料和新设计是为了使设备能够承受恶劣的海洋环境。 6．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“The movement of waves is irregular and complex, making it difficult for machinery to capture energy consistently.(波浪的运动规律不一且复杂，难以让机械设备持续稳定地捕获能量。)”以及划线单词句中“Early devices often broke or were too inefficient to be commercially viable.(早期的装置常常出现故障，或效率太低而无法在商业上viable。)”可知，早期设备频繁故障，或是效率过低，在商业层面不具备viable。结合修饰词commercially（商业上地）可推断，此处指早期设备效率太差，无法实现商业盈利、不具备商业化落地的价值。commercially viable 是固定表达，意为“商业上可行的、具备盈利能力的”。D选项Capable of generating profit“能够盈利”符合语境。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“One study suggests that the energy potential of waves along the U.S. coasts alone could supply a significant portion of the nation’s electricity. With a global push to reduce carbon emissions, governments and private investors are pouring more funding into wave energy research, accelerating its development and bringing a cleaner, more stable energy future into view.(一项研究指出，仅美国沿海地区的波浪能源就可能为全国提供相当一部分电力。在全球减少碳排放的推动下，政府和私人投资者正加大对波浪能研究的资金投入，加速其发展进程，使更清洁、更稳定的能源未来变得清晰可见。)”可推知，波浪能未来会朝着更清洁、更稳定的方向发展。 C （25-26高二下·辽宁沈阳·期末）In recent years, consumers have increasingly sought “clean-label” foods — products made with natural ingredients. This trend has driven scientists to search for safe, natural preservatives. They have turned their attention to a part of the cashew nut (腰果) that is often thrown away — the shell. From it, they extract Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) and find that it contains special natural substances that can fight bacteria and prevent food spoilage (变质). While this dark liquid has been studied for use in industries like paint and medicine, its potential for preserving food had not been fully explored until now. The scientists designed a careful experiment to test whether CNSL could help preserve beef, one of the most widely consumed meats globally. They applied the liquid to beef samples at different concentrations. Some meat was left untreated as controls. The samples were then stored under different conditions — some at room temperature and others in refrigeration — for two weeks. During storage, a detailed microbiological evaluation was conducted to quantify total viable (活菌) counts and specific spoilage organisms. Physicochemical analyses monitored changes in pH and water activity, while bacteria growth was assessed during storage at room temperature. The scientists discovered that the CNSL-treated meat showed significantly less bacterial growth than untreated meat. The effect was strongest at higher concentrations, with a 2.0% solution providing excellent protection while maintaining meat quality. Even at room temperature, it effectively delayed the meat’s souring process and reduced bacteria growth, helping the beef stay fresh-looking longer. The researchers note that further studies are needed to understand whether the liquid affects the taste and texture of the beef, and how it might be combined with modern packaging for even better results. Still, this study opens a window into nature’s own way of keeping food fresh — hidden inside a humble cashew shell. 8．Why are scientists studying cashew nut shells? A．To reduce waste in the food industry. B．To improve the taste of processed foods. C．To find natural alternatives to artificial preservatives. D．To develop new industrial materials for paint and medicine. 9．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Why the experiment was conducted. B．Where the beef samples were stored. C．How the experiment was carried out. D．What comparisons the scientists made. 10．What does the experiment suggest about CNSL? A．It can improve meat quality over time. B．It performs best at room temperature. C．It speeds up the meat’s souring process. D．Its concentration closely relates to storage life. 11．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of CNSL? A．Fully convinced. B．Cautiously optimistic. C．Hesitant and doubtful. D．Neutral and objective. 【答案】8．C 9．C 10．D 11．B 【导语】科学家研究腰果壳提取液，实验证实其可天然保鲜牛肉，仍需进一步研究。 【详解】8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“This trend has driven scientists to search for safe, natural preservatives. They have turned their attention to a part of the cashew nut (腰果) that is often thrown away — the shell.(这一趋势促使科学家寻找安全、天然的防腐剂。他们将注意力转向了腰果常被丢弃的部分——果壳。)”可知，科学家研究腰果壳是为了寻找人工防腐剂的天然替代品。 9．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The scientists designed a careful experiment to test whether CNSL could help preserve beef, one of the most widely consumed meats globally. They applied the liquid to beef samples at different concentrations. Some meat was left untreated as controls. The samples were then stored under different conditions — some at room temperature and others in refrigeration — for two weeks.(科研人员设计了严谨实验，测试腰果壳液能否用于保存牛肉 —— 全球消费量最高的肉类之一。他们将不同浓度的腰果壳液涂抹在牛肉样本上，另保留一组未做任何处理的牛肉作为对照组。随后将样本分环境存放两周：一部分置于室温，另一部分冷藏保存。)”可知，本段详细描述了实验的设计、操作步骤和储存条件，主要讲的是实验是如何进行的。 10．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The scientists discovered that the CNSL-treated meat showed significantly less bacterial growth than untreated meat. The effect was strongest at higher concentrations, with a 2.0% solution providing excellent protection while maintaining meat quality. Even at room temperature, it effectively delayed the meat’s souring process and reduced bacteria growth, helping the beef stay fresh-looking longer.(科学家发现，经CNSL处理的肉类，其细菌生长量明显低于未处理的肉类。该效果在更高浓度下表现最为突出，2.0%的溶液可在保持肉质的同时提供出色的防护效果。即便在室温环境下，它也能有效延缓肉类变酸的进程、抑制细菌滋生，帮助牛肉更长时间保持外观新鲜。)”可知，腰果壳液的浓度与肉类的保质期密切相关。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers note that further studies are needed to understand whether the liquid affects the taste and texture of the beef, and how it might be combined with modern packaging for even better results. Still, this study opens a window into nature’s own way of keeping food fresh — hidden inside a humble cashew shell.(研究人员表示，仍需开展后续实验，探究该液体是否会改变牛肉的风味与口感，以及如何搭配现代包装技术进一步提升保鲜效果。尽管如此，这项研究为我们打开了一扇大门：原来平凡的腰果壳中，藏着大自然赋予的天然保鲜良方。)”可知，这种既指出不足又看好前景的态度是“谨慎乐观”的。 D （25-26高一下·吉林长春·期末）Body language is a language without spoken words and is therefore called non-verbal communication. We use body language all the time. For instance looking someone in the eye means something different than not looking someone in the eye. Body language is used especially to express feelings. For instance, if we don’t like someone, it’s often difficult to say that directly to the person. However, we can make it clear either intentionally (有意地) or unintentionally through body language. The opposite is also true. People may give their true feelings away by not being aware of their body language. Research has shown that most people pay more attention to, and believe more readily, their impression of how a person acts through body language than what’s said through words. Usually body language occurs unconsciously (无意识地). Yet the body language we use decides to a large extent the quality of our communication. It follows that therefore it would be good to become conscious of our own and others’ body language. We can learn to use our body language for a purpose as well as learn to understand and interpret body language of others. It’s important to note that body language has different meanings in different cultures. How we can interpret body language depends on the situation, the culture, the relationship we have with the person as well as the gender of the other. This means that there isn’t one signal that has the same meaning all over the world. If you don’t take this into account you may get yourself into some serious trouble! Body language is also interlinked (连接) with spoken language and a whole pattern of behaviour of a person. As well as that, various body language signs can complement (补充) each other to make a particular meaning clearer or strengthen the meaning of what we communicate. 12．Why is body language used in our daily life? A．Because body language can get the meaning across better. B．Because people can communicate without using words. C．Because sometimes we can't express how we feel easily by words. D．Because body language makes the atmosphere more harmonious. 13．How can we judge a person’s true feelings? A．By his unintentional spoken language. B．By his unintentional body language. C．By his intentional spoken language. D．By his intentional body language. 14．Why should we try to know more about the other’s body language? A．To respond with body language. B．To make the other one feel confident. C．To make the communication go on smoothly. D．To make the unconscious communication meaningful. 15．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．People of different countries need friends to live better. B．Communication with body language is better. C．Everyone is influenced by body language. D．Body language has special meanings. 【答案】12．C 13．B 14．C 15．C 【导语】文章主要介绍了肢体语言属于非语言交流，阐述了肢体语言的功能特点、使用意义，同时指出肢体语言含义具有文化差异性，还会与口头语言相互配合辅助表意。 【详解】12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Body language is used especially to express feelings. For instance, if we don’t like someone, it’s often difficult to say that directly to the person. However, we can make it clear either intentionally (有意地) or unintentionally through body language.(肢体语言尤其被用于表达情感。例如，如果我们不喜欢某人，通常很难直接对对方说出口，但我们可以通过肢体语言有意或无意地表达清楚。)”可知，日常生活使用肢体语言，是因为有时我们难以用言语顺畅表达自身感受。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段“People may give their true feelings away by not being aware of their body language.(人们可能在没有察觉自身肢体语言的情况下，暴露自己的真实情绪。)”可知，我们可以通过一个人无意识的肢体语言判断其真实感受。 14．细节理解题。根据第三段“Yet the body language we use decides to a large extent the quality of our communication. It follows that therefore it would be good to become conscious of our own and others’ body language.(但我们使用的肢体语言在很大程度上决定沟通质量。因此留意自身和他人的肢体语言十分有益。)”可知，了解他人肢体语言，是为了保障沟通质量，让交流顺畅进行。 15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“We use body language all the time.(我们一直在使用肢体语言。)”、第三段“Usually body language occurs unconsciously (无意识地). Yet the body language we use decides to a large extent the quality of our communication.(肢体语言通常无意识发生。但我们使用的肢体语言在很大程度上决定沟通质量。)”以及全文多处说明肢体语言无时无刻影响交流、传递情绪、受文化约束、配合口语表意可知，全文核心说明每个人的沟通都持续受到肢体语言的影响。 二、七选五 （25-26高二下·河北衡水·期末）There’s no such thing as being born “good at languages”. However, there are people who learn languages well, but that has nothing to do with them being naturally good at it. 16 Good language learners aren’t afraid to take chances. Good language learners face the fear of making mistakes. They experiment and run risks. 17 They are not afraid of making mistakes because they know that with every mistake, they gain a small victory towards improving their language. 18 Good language learners take responsibility for their own learning. Besides regular language classes, they create opportunities to use the language. They know practice is very important and are willing to take risks and appear foolish if necessary. Good language learners are independent. They do not expect to learn English only by sitting in the classroom, and they do not rely on the teacher for all of the learning. They are organized and active. They look for creative ways both inside and outside the classroom to try out what they have learned. Good language learners try to figure out how the language works. 19 They pay attention to linguistic form (语言形式) and look for patterns. They develop good techniques for improving their pronunciation, and for learning grammar and vocabulary. They welcome mistakes as a way of learning more about the language. Good language learners try to think in the language. It may not be easy at first, but thinking in English is worth cultivating as a vital skill that will improve all areas of your language learning. To help you think in English, carry on a dialogue with yourself in English when walking along, sitting on a bus, or taking a break from other studies. 20 A．Use English whenever and wherever you can. B．Good language learners pay attention to meaning. C．Good language learners are also good culture learners. D．Good language learners try to understand the language as a system. E．Good language learners are actively involved in their learning process. F．It is closely related to their attitude and the way they approach learning. G．They try out different ways of learning vocabulary until finding a way that suits them best. 【答案】16．F 17．G 18．E 19．D 20．A 【导语】本文介绍了学好语言的核心影响因素与优秀语言学习者的特点。 【详解】16．上文“However, there are people who learn languages well, but that has nothing to do with them being naturally good at it.(然而，有些人语言学得很好，但这和他们天生擅长语言无关。)”指出语言学习与天赋无关；选项F“It is closely related to their attitude and the way they approach learning.(这与他们的学习态度和学习方式密切相关。)”承接上文否定天赋，指出语言学习好坏和态度、学习方法密切相关，引出下文对优秀语言学习者特点的具体描述。 17．上文“Good language learners face the fear of making mistakes. They experiment and run risks.(好的语言学习者面对犯错的恐惧。他们尝试和冒险。)”指出优秀语言学习者敢于尝试、承担风险；选项G“They try out different ways of learning vocabulary until finding a way that suits them best.(他们尝试不同的词汇学习方法，直到找到最适合自己的那一种。)”具体举例说明优秀学习者尝试不同学习方法以找到适配方案，与上文“experiment and run risks”呼应，引出下文“They are not afraid of making mistakes because they know that with every mistake, they gain a small victory towards improving their language.(他们不怕犯错，因为他们知道每一次错误都是向提高语言能力迈进的一小步胜利。)”不怕犯错的内容，符合语境。 18．此空为本段小标题；根据下文“Good language learners take responsibility for their own learning. Besides regular language classes, they create opportunities to use the language. They know practice is very important and are willing to take risks and appear foolish if necessary.(优秀的语言学习者对自己的学习负责。除了常规的语言课程，他们还创造了使用语言的机会。他们知道练习是非常重要的，如果有必要，他们愿意冒险，甚至表现得很愚蠢。)”可知，本段主要指出优秀学习者主动为自己创造练习机会、为学习负责；选项E“Good language learners are actively involved in their learning process.(优秀的语言学习者会主动投入学习过程)”准确概括该段内容，适合作为小标题。 19．根据上文小标题“Good language learners try to figure out how the language works.(优秀的语言学习者试图弄清楚语言是如何工作的。)”和下文“They pay attention to linguistic form (语言形式) and look for patterns. They develop good techniques for improving their pronunciation, and for learning grammar and vocabulary.(他们注重语言形式并寻找模式。他们发展了很好的技巧来提高他们的发音，学习语法和词汇。)”可知，优秀学习者会摸索语言的运行规律，他们是从语言系统本身去理解语言。选项D“Good language learners try to understand the language as a system.(好的语言学习者试图将语言作为一个系统来理解。)”呼应小标题主题，引出下文关注语言形式、总结规律的内容，符合语境，“understand the language as a system”与小标题中“figure out how the language works”同义替换。 20．上文“To help you think in English, carry on a dialogue with yourself in English when walking along, sitting on a bus, or taking a break from other studies.(为了帮助你用英语思考，在走路的时候，坐在公共汽车上的时候，或者在休息的时候，用英语和自己对话。)”介绍随时随地用英语思考的小方法，选项A“Use English whenever and wherever you can.(随时随地尽可能使用英语)”总结上文建议、呼吁多使用英语，贴合段落主题。 三、完形填空 （25-26高二下·甘肃兰州·期末）In a small village on the sun-baked edge of the Sahara, 15-year-old Amara Keita would watch the sun set behind the dunes (沙丘), always puzzled by a single question: Why did such 21 energy go to waste every day? While his peers were chasing makeshift footballs, Amara 22 deserted car batteries and solar panels from the local garbage. His teachers thought he was 23 — “No university would accept a boy who talks to machines,” they commented. But Amara believed the desert sun could 24 the solution to the severe shortage of electricity in his village. To realize his dream, for three years, he worked alone in a mud-brick shelter, 25 over 50 models before constructing a solar-powered water pump (泵) that could run for 72 hours on a single charge. When the pump successfully irrigated old Moussa’s wheat field, the village elders shook their heads in 26 . News reached that a visiting UN engineer 27 Amara’s design to international investors. Fortunately, they agreed to fund the project. At 19, Amara now leads a team installing solar wires across 28 villages, though he still returns to maintain his first pump every weekend as a 29 . “This old pump makes me remember,” he says, running his fingers over its weathered surface affectionately. Amara’s story proves a truth often forgotten: 30 isn’t about having expensive tools, but about spotting potential where others see 31 . “The desert teaches us two things:” he reflects, “How little we have, and how 32 we can make of it.” His next project? A solar-powered school where children won’t have to study by the light of a 33 anymore. What began as one boy’s 34 has grown into a movement — proving that even the toughest environment can’t 35 a determined mind. 21．A．refreshing B．boundless C．invisible D．clean 22．A．collected B．discovered C．transformed D．buried 23．A．curious B．stubborn C．creative D．foolish 24．A．put off B．take in C．get over D．work out 25．A．throwing B．accumulating C．testing D．moving 26．A．panic B．disbelief C．sorrow D．despair 27．A．donated B．connected C．presented D．sold 28．A．prosperous B．crowded C．beautiful D．remote 29．A．habit B．relief C．reminder D．souvenir 30．A．Innovation B．Revolution C．Vision D．Belief 31．A．opportunity B．failure C．darkness D．waste 32．A．often B．much C．fast D．cheap 33．A．candle B．pump C．lamp D．battery 34．A．job B．dream C．incident D．game 35．A．motivate B．damage C．limit D．enrich 【答案】 21．B 22．A 23．D 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．C 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．B 35．C 【导语】文章讲述15岁的阿马拉用废弃材料制造太阳能水泵，解决了村庄的缺电问题。他带领团队在偏远村庄安装太阳能设备，证明了创新源于发现潜能的眼光。 【详解】21．考查形容词。句意：在撒哈拉沙漠边缘一个被烈日炙烤的小村庄里，15岁的阿马拉·凯塔会看着太阳在沙丘后落下，始终被一个问题困扰：为什么如此无尽的能量每天都被浪费掉？A. refreshing令人神清气爽的；B. boundless无穷无尽的；C. invisible看不见的；D. clean清洁的。根据上文“the sun”和常识可知，太阳的能量是“无穷无尽的”。 22．考查动词。句意：当他的同龄人追逐着简易足球时，阿马拉在当地的垃圾堆里收集废弃的汽车电池和太阳能电池板。A. collected收集；B. discovered发现；C. transformed转变；D. buried掩埋。根据下文“deserted car batteries and solar panels from the local garbage”可知，他“收集”了这些废弃材料。 23．考查形容词。句意：他的老师们认为他很傻——“没有大学会录取一个和机器说话的孩子，”他们评论道。A. curious好奇的；B. stubborn固执的；C. creative有创造力的；D. foolish愚蠢的，傻的。根据下文的负面评价“No university would accept a boy who talks to machines”可知，老师们认为他很“愚蠢”。 24．考查动词短语。句意：但Amara相信沙漠的太阳能够找到解决村子严重缺电问题的方案。A. put off推迟；B. take in吸收；C. get over克服；D. work out找到 (解决办法等)。根据上文“the desert sun”和下文“the solution to the severe shortage of electricity”可知，他相信太阳能帮助“找到”解决缺电问题的方案。 25．考查动词。句意：为了实现梦想，他在一座泥砖棚屋里独自工作了三年，在制造出一次充电可运行72小时的太阳能水泵之前，测试了50多个模型。A. throwing扔；B. accumulating积累；C. testing测试；D. moving移动。根据下文“over 50 models before constructing a solar-powered water pump”可知，他在建造水泵前“测试”了50多个模型。 26．考查名词。句意：当水泵成功浇灌了老Moussa的麦田时，村里的长老们难以置信地摇头。A. panic恐慌；B. disbelief难以置信；C. sorrow悲伤；D. despair绝望。根据上文“the village elders shook their heads”可知，他们“不相信”这件事情；in disbelief“不敢相信，怀疑”。 27．考查动词。句意：消息传来，一位来访的联合国工程师将Amara的设计展示给了国际投资者。A. donated捐赠；B. connected连接；C. presented展示，呈现；D. sold出售。根据下文“to international investors. Fortunately, they agreed to fund the project.”可知，工程师将设计“展示”给投资者看，并得到了投资。 28．考查形容词。句意：现年19岁的Amara带领着一个团队，在偏远的村庄安装太阳能线路，但他每个周末仍会回去维护他的第一个水泵，以此作为提醒。A. prosperous繁荣的；B. crowded拥挤的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. remote偏远的。根据上文“In a small village on the sun-baked edge of the Sahara”和“the solution to the severe shortage of electricity in his village”可知，Amara要帮助的是“偏远的”村庄。 29．考查名词。句意：现年19岁的Amara带领着一个团队，在偏远的村庄安装太阳能线路，但他每个周末仍会回去维护他的第一个水泵，以此作为提醒。A. habit习惯；B. relief宽慰；C. reminder提醒物；D. souvenir纪念品。根据下文“This old pump makes me remember”可知，第一个水泵对Amara来说是一种“提醒”。 30．考查名词。句意：Amara的故事证明了一个常常被遗忘的道理：创新不在于拥有昂贵的工具，而在于在别人看作是废物的地方发现潜力。A. Innovation创新；B. Revolution革命；C. Vision远见；D. Belief信念。根据前文Amara发明太阳能水泵的事迹“constructing a solar-powered water pump”以及后文“spotting potential”可知，Amara的故事告诉我们一个关于“创新”的道理。 31．考查名词。句意：Amara的故事证明了一个常常被遗忘的道理：创新不在于拥有昂贵的工具，而在于在别人看作是废物的地方发现潜力。A. opportunity机会；B. failure失败；C. darkness黑暗；D. waste废物。根据上文“Why did such ____ energy go to waste every day?”以及他从垃圾中收集材料可知，Amara在别人眼中的“废物”上发现了潜在的可能。 32．考查副词。句意：沙漠教会我们两件事：我们拥有的多么少，以及我们能利用它做多少事。A. often经常；B. much许多；C. fast快速地；D. cheap便宜地。根据上文“Amara ____ deserted car batteries and solar panels from the local garbage.”和“At 19, Amara now leads a team installing solar wires across ____ villages”可知，Amara充分利用了有限的资源解决了现实中的大问题；make much of “充分利用”。 33．考查名词。句意：一所太阳能学校，孩子们再也不必在烛光下学习了。A. candle蜡烛；B. pump水泵；C. lamp灯；D. battery电池。根据上文“A solar-powered school”和“children won’t have to study by the light of”可知，有了太阳能电灯，孩子们就不需要在“蜡烛”光下学习了。 34．考查名词。句意：从一个男孩的梦想开始，已经发展成一场运动——证明了即使最恶劣的环境也无法限制一个坚定的心灵。A. job工作；B. dream梦想；C. incident事件；D. game游戏。根据上文“To realize his dream”可知，这一开始就是Amara的“梦想”。 35．考查动词。句意：从一个男孩的梦想开始，已经发展成一场运动——证明了即使最恶劣的环境也无法限制一个坚定的心灵。A. motivate激励；B. damage损害；C. limit限制；D. enrich丰富。根据前文Amara在恶劣环境中取得成功的故事和上文“proving that even the toughest environment can’t”可知，Amara的故事证明环境无法“限制”坚定的心灵。 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Unit1~Unit2（语篇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 阅读A 人与社会：应用文，伦敦高校志愿者委员会招募 阅读B 人与社会：科普文，波浪能的困境与发展前景 阅读C 人与社会：科研说明文，腰果壳提取液保鲜牛肉实验 阅读D 人与社会：议论文，肢体语言的作用与文化差异 阅读七选五 人与社会：学习短文，优秀语言学习者的特点 完形填空 人与社会：记叙文，少年用废料造太阳能水泵助乡村 1、 阅读理解 A （2023·广东深圳·一模）King’s College London Volunteering is seeking for paid members to sit on the Student Advisory Board for Volunteering. The Board plays a significant role in influencing the development and delivery of the volunteering service. Its aim is to discover volunteering opportunities for students, teachers and other staff at school. Volunteering, which has the potential to create positive social impact, is a key priority for King’s. The Board will ensure that students’ needs are at the core of the service so that all King’s students can make a difference. This year, the Student Advisory Board for Volunteering will co-create the agenda, and potential issues include: ·Volunteering opportunities for the disabled. ·Promotion of the Board’s service. ·How to recognize and reward volunteers. ·Evaluation (评估) of the Board’s work. This is a unique and exciting opportunity accessible to all studying at King’s, regardless of the volunteer experiences. The Board will be run both online and in-person, and the Board’s members will be paid the London Living Wage (£11.95 per hour) via King’s Talent Bank. The application deadline is 23:59 on Saturday, 31st August 2024. Apply via the form below, using your King’s email address. 1．What does the Board aim to do for those at King’s? A．Perform voluntary work. B．Meet their academic needs. C．Provide learning opportunities. D．Discover volunteering chances. 2．Which of the following is a possible topic for this year’s agenda? A．Running the Board online. B．Training voluntary workers. C．Evaluating the Board’s performance. D．Taking care of people with disabilities. 3．Who can apply to be a member of the Board at King’s? A．The students. B．The teachers. C．The graduates. D．The working staff. B （25-26高二下·黑龙江大庆·期末）In the search for sustainable energy, engineers are turning to an unexpected source: the ocean’s waves. While wind and solar power have seen significant growth, wave energy has remained a largely barely used resource. However, recent technological breakthroughs are bringing this promising but challenging form of renewable energy closer to reality, offering a potential solution to our global energy needs. One of the main setbacks for wave energy has been the harsh marine environment. Saltwater causes rust, and powerful storms can easily damage delicate equipment. To overcome this, companies have been exploring possible solutions and finally decided to develop new materials and designs. Some experts believe these innovations could also help reduce the overall cost of the devices and attract more investment. For instance, some power devices are made of plastic mixtures that can stay in saltwater for years without damage. Others feature systems that allow them to sink below the surface during extreme weather, avoiding the most violent waves. Another significant challenge is efficiency. The movement of waves is irregular and complex, making it difficult for machinery to capture energy consistently. Early devices often broke or were too inefficient to be commercially viable. Now, new designs are proving much more reliable. They use water movement to drive generators, and they have fewer moving parts. This means lower maintenance costs and a longer lifespan. The potential benefit is enormous. Wave energy is far more predictable than wind or solar, as waves can be forecast days in advance. One study suggests that the energy potential of waves along the U.S. coasts alone could supply a significant portion of the nation’s electricity. With a global push to reduce carbon emissions, governments and private investors are pouring more funding into wave energy research, accelerating its development and bringing a cleaner, more stable energy future into view. 4．What is the current state of wave energy? A．It has been widely used in some coastal countries. B．It has become a major electricity source in coastal regions. C．It remains mostly undeveloped despite its enormous potential. D．It faces fewer technical difficulties than wind and solar energy. 5．Why are the new materials and designs developed? A．To reduce the overall cost of the devices. B．To attract more investment from the private companies. C．To allow the devices to sink below the surface during storms. D．To enable the equipment to survive the tough ocean conditions. 6．What does the underlined word “viable” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Safe for the environment. B．Popular among consumers. C．Simple enough to maintain. D．Capable of generating profit. 7．What can be inferred about the future development of wave energy? A．It will primarily rely on government funding. B．It will become cleaner and more stable in the future. C．It will replace traditional energy sources in the near future. D．It will be more widely used in the U.S. than other countries. C （25-26高二下·辽宁沈阳·期末）In recent years, consumers have increasingly sought “clean-label” foods — products made with natural ingredients. This trend has driven scientists to search for safe, natural preservatives. They have turned their attention to a part of the cashew nut (腰果) that is often thrown away — the shell. From it, they extract Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) and find that it contains special natural substances that can fight bacteria and prevent food spoilage (变质). While this dark liquid has been studied for use in industries like paint and medicine, its potential for preserving food had not been fully explored until now. The scientists designed a careful experiment to test whether CNSL could help preserve beef, one of the most widely consumed meats globally. They applied the liquid to beef samples at different concentrations. Some meat was left untreated as controls. The samples were then stored under different conditions — some at room temperature and others in refrigeration — for two weeks. During storage, a detailed microbiological evaluation was conducted to quantify total viable (活菌) counts and specific spoilage organisms. Physicochemical analyses monitored changes in pH and water activity, while bacteria growth was assessed during storage at room temperature. The scientists discovered that the CNSL-treated meat showed significantly less bacterial growth than untreated meat. The effect was strongest at higher concentrations, with a 2.0% solution providing excellent protection while maintaining meat quality. Even at room temperature, it effectively delayed the meat’s souring process and reduced bacteria growth, helping the beef stay fresh-looking longer. The researchers note that further studies are needed to understand whether the liquid affects the taste and texture of the beef, and how it might be combined with modern packaging for even better results. Still, this study opens a window into nature’s own way of keeping food fresh — hidden inside a humble cashew shell. 8．Why are scientists studying cashew nut shells? A．To reduce waste in the food industry. B．To improve the taste of processed foods. C．To find natural alternatives to artificial preservatives. D．To develop new industrial materials for paint and medicine. 9．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Why the experiment was conducted. B．Where the beef samples were stored. C．How the experiment was carried out. D．What comparisons the scientists made. 10．What does the experiment suggest about CNSL? A．It can improve meat quality over time. B．It performs best at room temperature. C．It speeds up the meat’s souring process. D．Its concentration closely relates to storage life. 11．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of CNSL? A．Fully convinced. B．Cautiously optimistic. C．Hesitant and doubtful. D．Neutral and objective. D （25-26高一下·吉林长春·期末）Body language is a language without spoken words and is therefore called non-verbal communication. We use body language all the time. For instance looking someone in the eye means something different than not looking someone in the eye. Body language is used especially to express feelings. For instance, if we don’t like someone, it’s often difficult to say that directly to the person. However, we can make it clear either intentionally (有意地) or unintentionally through body language. The opposite is also true. People may give their true feelings away by not being aware of their body language. Research has shown that most people pay more attention to, and believe more readily, their impression of how a person acts through body language than what’s said through words. Usually body language occurs unconsciously (无意识地). Yet the body language we use decides to a large extent the quality of our communication. It follows that therefore it would be good to become conscious of our own and others’ body language. We can learn to use our body language for a purpose as well as learn to understand and interpret body language of others. It’s important to note that body language has different meanings in different cultures. How we can interpret body language depends on the situation, the culture, the relationship we have with the person as well as the gender of the other. This means that there isn’t one signal that has the same meaning all over the world. If you don’t take this into account you may get yourself into some serious trouble! Body language is also interlinked (连接) with spoken language and a whole pattern of behaviour of a person. As well as that, various body language signs can complement (补充) each other to make a particular meaning clearer or strengthen the meaning of what we communicate. 12．Why is body language used in our daily life? A．Because body language can get the meaning across better. B．Because people can communicate without using words. C．Because sometimes we can't express how we feel easily by words. D．Because body language makes the atmosphere more harmonious. 13．How can we judge a person’s true feelings? A．By his unintentional spoken language. B．By his unintentional body language. C．By his intentional spoken language. D．By his intentional body language. 14．Why should we try to know more about the other’s body language? A．To respond with body language. B．To make the other one feel confident. C．To make the communication go on smoothly. D．To make the unconscious communication meaningful. 15．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．People of different countries need friends to live better. B．Communication with body language is better. C．Everyone is influenced by body language. D．Body language has special meanings. 二、七选五 （25-26高二下·河北衡水·期末）There’s no such thing as being born “good at languages”. However, there are people who learn languages well, but that has nothing to do with them being naturally good at it. 16 Good language learners aren’t afraid to take chances. Good language learners face the fear of making mistakes. They experiment and run risks. 17 They are not afraid of making mistakes because they know that with every mistake, they gain a small victory towards improving their language. 18 Good language learners take responsibility for their own learning. Besides regular language classes, they create opportunities to use the language. They know practice is very important and are willing to take risks and appear foolish if necessary. Good language learners are independent. They do not expect to learn English only by sitting in the classroom, and they do not rely on the teacher for all of the learning. They are organized and active. They look for creative ways both inside and outside the classroom to try out what they have learned. Good language learners try to figure out how the language works. 19 They pay attention to linguistic form (语言形式) and look for patterns. They develop good techniques for improving their pronunciation, and for learning grammar and vocabulary. They welcome mistakes as a way of learning more about the language. Good language learners try to think in the language. It may not be easy at first, but thinking in English is worth cultivating as a vital skill that will improve all areas of your language learning. To help you think in English, carry on a dialogue with yourself in English when walking along, sitting on a bus, or taking a break from other studies. 20 A．Use English whenever and wherever you can. B．Good language learners pay attention to meaning. C．Good language learners are also good culture learners. D．Good language learners try to understand the language as a system. E．Good language learners are actively involved in their learning process. F．It is closely related to their attitude and the way they approach learning. G．They try out different ways of learning vocabulary until finding a way that suits them best. 三、完形填空 （25-26高二下·甘肃兰州·期末）In a small village on the sun-baked edge of the Sahara, 15-year-old Amara Keita would watch the sun set behind the dunes (沙丘), always puzzled by a single question: Why did such 21 energy go to waste every day? While his peers were chasing makeshift footballs, Amara 22 deserted car batteries and solar panels from the local garbage. His teachers thought he was 23 — “No university would accept a boy who talks to machines,” they commented. But Amara believed the desert sun could 24 the solution to the severe shortage of electricity in his village. To realize his dream, for three years, he worked alone in a mud-brick shelter, 25 over 50 models before constructing a solar-powered water pump (泵) that could run for 72 hours on a single charge. When the pump successfully irrigated old Moussa’s wheat field, the village elders shook their heads in 26 . News reached that a visiting UN engineer 27 Amara’s design to international investors. Fortunately, they agreed to fund the project. At 19, Amara now leads a team installing solar wires across 28 villages, though he still returns to maintain his first pump every weekend as a 29 . “This old pump makes me remember,” he says, running his fingers over its weathered surface affectionately. Amara’s story proves a truth often forgotten: 30 isn’t about having expensive tools, but about spotting potential where others see 31 . “The desert teaches us two things:” he reflects, “How little we have, and how 32 we can make of it.” His next project? A solar-powered school where children won’t have to study by the light of a 33 anymore. What began as one boy’s 34 has grown into a movement — proving that even the toughest environment can’t 35 a determined mind. 21．A．refreshing B．boundless C．invisible D．clean 22．A．collected B．discovered C．transformed D．buried 23．A．curious B．stubborn C．creative D．foolish 24．A．put off B．take in C．get over D．work out 25．A．throwing B．accumulating C．testing D．moving 26．A．panic B．disbelief C．sorrow D．despair 27．A．donated B．connected C．presented D．sold 28．A．prosperous B．crowded C．beautiful D．remote 29．A．habit B．relief C．reminder D．souvenir 30．A．Innovation B．Revolution C．Vision D．Belief 31．A．opportunity B．failure C．darkness D．waste 32．A．often B．much C．fast D．cheap 33．A．candle B．pump C．lamp D．battery 34．A．job B．dream C．incident D．game 35．A．motivate B．damage C．limit D．enrich 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $