Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Part Ⅰ Reading comprehension(Word教参)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册（人教版）

本讲义围绕秘鲁地理、历史及旅游主题的语篇展开，通过课前导入联系生活激趣、速读课文梳理脉络、精读领悟细节与思维训练、课文融通巩固语言知识的学习支架，帮助学生逐步掌握语篇理解与语言运用技能。 该资料以学生为中心，融合语言能力、思维品质与文化意识培养。课前导入结合学生旅游经历激发兴趣，体现学习能力；精读任务中的选择题及创造性问题，如分析“fit”词义、比较旅游线路，培养分析与创造思维；语块翻译、靓句赏析提升语言运用能力，介绍秘鲁文化增强跨文化认知。课中辅助教师引导深度参与，课后作业助力学生巩固知识、查漏补缺。

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking Part Ⅰ　Reading comprehension 第一步　课前导入•激趣启思 Before reading the texts， answer the following questions． During the National Day， I took a short trip to a nearby ancient town with my parents． We walked around old streets， tried local snacks， and took lots of photos － it was fun! 第二步　速读课文•理清脉络 Skim the texts and fill in the blanks． 第三步　精读课文•领悟细节 Task 1：Read the texts carefully and choose the best answers． 1.What can we learn from the first text？（　　） A．Peru is a coastal country with a pleasant living condition． B．Spain controlled Peru for about three centuries． C．The Andes Mountains surround Peru． D．Spanish is the second language of Peru． 2.If you want to enjoy the ancient Incas’ stone buildings， which tour should you take？（　　） A．Amazon Rainforest Tour． B．Machu Picchu Tour． C．Cusco Tour． D．Lake Titicaca Tour． 3.What does the word “fit” in Machu Picchu Tour from the second text probably mean？（　　） A．Enough space for people or things． B．A very strong emotion that you can’t control． C．The way that something is suitable for a particular person， space， etc． D．A short period of time when someone stops working． 4.Where does the second text probably come from？（　　） A．An agricultural magazine． B．A medical journal． C．An engineering textbook． D．A tourist brochure． 5.Which of the following is NOT true about Cusco Tour according to the second text？（　　） A．Cusco was the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century． B．At Cusco you will enjoy the unique American and local Indian culture． C．You can pay a visit to the museums there． D．It will take you four days to travel there． 答案：1－5　BBCDB Task 2：Creative thinking and critical thinking 1.In these four package tours， which do you like best？ Why？ I like Cusco Tour best．Because I’m interested in the unique Spanish and local Indian culture． 2.Do you like to go to the Amazon rainforest？ Why？ Yes，I do．Because I can enjoy the plants and animals unique to the rainforest． 第四步　课文融通•学以致用 　　Peru is a country on the central western coast of South America facing the Pacific Ocean．It consists 1.of three main parts：narrow， dry， flat land 2.running （run） along the coast， the Andes Mountains， and the Amazon rainforest． 　　Spanish is the main official language of Peru．It is because Peru 3.was ruled （rule） by Spain from the 16th century to 1821.But before that， Peru was the centre of the ancient Inca Empire， and its emperor lived in what is now known as the site Machu Picchu． 　　Peru is an 4.amazing （amaze） destination for tourists．Here 5.are （be） two magical tours：Amazon Rainforest Tour and Machu Picchu Tour． 　　In Amazon Rainforest Tour， you can first take 6.a short flight into the Amazon rainforest and then travel for a day to your 7.accommodation （accommodate） by boat．In the following three days， you can explore the unique rainforest with a local guide．In the other tour， you can take a four－day hike through the Andes Mountains to the city of Machu Picchu．After 8.exploring （explore） the ancient city， you will find it very amazing， 9.especially （especial） the Incas’ dry stone method of building．Inca builders cut stones 10.so exactly that nothing was needed to hold walls together． 　　［1］PERU is a country on the Pacific coast of South America① with three main areas： narrow， dry， flat land running along the coast②， the Andes Mountains， and the Amazon rainforest③． 　　In the 1400s and 1500s， Peru was the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire．The Inca emperor lived in the now－famous site Machu Picchu．Spain took control of④ Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821.［2］It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language⑤ of Peru． TRAVEL PERU 　　Amazon Rainforest Tour⑥ 　　A short flight from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest．From there， you’ll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest⑦．［3］You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest⑧ with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest⑨． 　　【释疑难】　句［3］使用spend time doing结构；unique to ．．．表示“……所特有的”，作后置定语。 　　Machu Picchu Tour 　　This four－day walking tour⑩ will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu．After reaching your destination⑪， you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city．［4］Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building． ［5］Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes⑫ so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones． 　　【释疑难】　句［5］是复合句，so that引导结果状语从句。 　　Cusco Tour 　　［6］Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco， the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century．Stay in a local hotel， visit the museums， admire the architecture⑬， enjoy the excellent local food⑭， and go shopping at the local markets． 　　【释疑难】　句［6］使用祈使句开头，多个动词短语并列，生动列举了旅游活动。the capital of ．．．until the 16th century是Cusco的同位语。 　　Lake Titicaca Tour 　　Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca． There， a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days．Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake． 　　［7］So come and experience what Peru has to offer：everything from the ancient Inca culture and centuries－old Spanish villages to deep rainforests， high mountains， and a beautiful coastline． For more brochures about other package tours⑮ around Peru， please contact us on⑯ our official website． 语块翻译 ①在南美洲太平洋海岸 ②沿着海岸延伸 ③亚马孙热带雨林 ④控制；接管 ⑤主要官方语言 ⑥亚马孙热带雨林之旅 ⑦在森林中央 ⑧探索雨林 ⑨雨林特有的 ⑩四天徒步之旅 ⑪到达目的地 ⑫将石头切割成精确尺寸 ⑬欣赏建筑 ⑭享受美味的当地食物 ⑮包价旅游 ⑯通过……联系我们 熟词生义 1.fit （Machu Picchu Tour） 熟义： adj．健康的；合适的 v．适合 文中义：n．契合；吻合 2.admire （Cusco Tour） 熟义：v．钦佩；赞赏（人） 文中义：v．欣赏（建筑、艺术等） 赏靓句 句［1］巧妙运用with介词短语和并列结构，简洁明了地勾勒出秘鲁三大地理区域的鲜明特色。 句［2］运用强调句It is ．．．that ．．．，有力强调了西班牙语成为秘鲁官方语言的历史原因，逻辑清晰，说服力强。 句［4］采用倒装句式，将表语前置，突出强调了印加建筑技术的神奇性，令人印象深刻。 句［7］运用“祈使句＋what引导的宾语从句＋from ．．．to ．．．并列结构”，既有号召力又内容丰富，完美收束全文，激发读者的旅游欲望。 参考译文 　　秘鲁是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，由三个主要地区构成：狭长、干燥、平坦的沿海地区，安第斯山脉以及亚马孙热带雨林。 　　在15至16世纪期间，秘鲁曾是强大的古印加帝国的中心。印加帝王就住在现闻名于世的马丘比丘。西班牙于16世纪开始掌控秘鲁，并一直统治到1821年。正因为如此，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。 畅游秘鲁 　　亚马孙热带雨林之旅 　　在库斯科搭乘短程航班会让您从安第斯山脉飞抵亚马孙雨林。您将从那儿乘一天的船前往雨林深处的住宿地。在接下来的三天里，您可以在当地导游的陪同下，深入雨林进行探索，欣赏雨林特有的动植物。 　　马丘比丘之旅 　　四天的徒步旅行，您将沿着奇妙的山径，在安第斯山脉中穿行，直抵马丘比丘市。到达目的地后，您将有一天时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。尤其令人称奇的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。 　　库斯科之旅 　　在位于安第斯山脉上的库斯科游玩四天，尽享独特的西班牙与当地印第安文化。库斯科从13世纪至16世纪是印加帝国的首都。您将入住当地酒店、参观博物馆、观赏建筑物、享受当地的美味佳肴，并在当地集市购物（休闲）。 　　的的喀喀湖之旅 　　沿着连接库斯科和的的喀喀湖的新建公路，驱车行驶一日，全程饱览乡村美景。湖畔将有小船把您送至岛屿上的当地乌鲁斯家庭，共度三日（美好时光）。岛屿和乌鲁斯人的住房都是由湖中的水生植物建造而成的。 　　欢迎您来体验秘鲁的万种风情：这里既有古印加文化和数百年历史的西班牙村庄，也有茂密的雨林、雄伟的山脉和美丽的海岸线。 　　如需更多关于秘鲁其他旅游套餐的宣传册，请在官网上与我们联系。 Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　（2026•福州高一上期中）My husband and I have travelled to more than 40 countries， but we will never forget the first destination — Thailand． 　　Our trip to Bangkok from Europe was extremely long．It took us more than 30 hours to get there．We were very tired and all we were dreaming about was taking a shower and going to sleep． 　　When we finally picked up our luggage and went through the customs， we caught the taxi．As usual， we showed the hotel address to the driver， he nodded his head and started driving．When we got to the city center， he seemed lost．He didn’t say a word though．After half an hour， he finally told us that he had no idea where our hotel was．He asked us to leave the car and find our hotel by ourselves because it’s “somewhere close”．It was dark， late， and there was nobody on the street． 　　We were terrified．It was our first trip overseas ever．It was supposed to be great and it wasn’t really a good start．We were travelling back in 2014 when the Internet still wasn’t available everywhere．We didn’t have a Thai SIM card， so forget about Google Maps． 　　We’ve been all by ourselves．We had no idea what to do or where to go．Our backpacks were heavy and we were exhausted．And then ．．．we saw HIM．Our travel angel． 　　He was a tall， strong， warm－hearted white guy， wearing a white T－shirt and pretty loose jeans．He asked us whether we needed help．Both of us screamed “YES!” before he even finished his question．He took the address， called somewhere， and after 10 minutes， he walked us straight to our hotel．It turned out it was just around the corner． 　　We don’t even know this guy’s name but we will always be grateful for his help．It’s one of the Thailand stories that makes us keep coming back to this country and travel the world．We know we will meet helpful people everywhere and it’s safe to travel． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫在泰国曼谷的首次海外旅行经历及遇到的帮助。 1.What happened to the author and her husband when they were taken to the city center？ （　　） A．They forgot the hotel address． B．The driver told them he got lost． C．They were left alone by the driver． D．It was dark when they found the hotel． 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的After half an hour ．．．because it’s “somewhere close”．可知，司机在市中心让作者和她丈夫下车，把他们独自留在了那里。 2.What is the function of the fourth paragraph？ （　　） A．To offer more background． B．To compare with past experience． C．To show the backward of Thailand． D．To explain the role of maps in travel． 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，该段提供了当时的背景信息，解释了他们在被司机丢下后难以找到酒店的原因。 3.How did the white guy help the author and her husband？ （　　） A．He drove them to the hotel． B．He accompanied them to the hotel． C．He helped them to contact the hotel． D．He showed them the way to the hotel． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第六段最后两句可知，那个白人男子陪作者和她丈夫走到了酒店。 4.Which word best describes the author’s first trip to Thailand？ （　　） A．Tiring．　 B．Smooth． C．Terrible． D．Impressive． 解析：D　推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者和丈夫在泰国的首次旅行虽有波折，但也遇到了热心人的帮助，且这次经历让他们难以忘怀，还促使他们继续环游世界。由此可推知，这次旅行是令人印象深刻的。 B 　　Did you watch the popular TV series Meet Yourself （《去有风的地方》） during your vacation？ In the TV series， the heroine Xu Hongdou travels to a village in Yunnan Province and volunteers at a local cafe．She gets free meals in return．As the show finds a growing audience， volunteer travel — an old－yet－modern form of travel similar to Xu’s type of work — has attracted more attention． 　　Volunteer travel refers to taking a trip where all or part of the purpose of the trip is to take part in an arranged service chance to help others， according to Wise Tour， an online provider of tourist information． 　　During the trip， volunteer travelers often provide services like teaching， cooking， animal caring， and cultural activities．In exchange for their help， the volunteers may get free or discounted （打折的） accommodation， meals and laundry （洗衣服务）， activities， or classes． 　　It seems as if these long journeys could only be made possible in recent years by modern transportation．Nevertheless， volunteer travel dates back to the 1960s， when Alec Dickson and his wife Mora from the UK founded Voluntary Service Overseas （VSO）， an international volunteer organization． 　　Traditionally， the volunteer activities take place in a foreign country．However， just as what Meet Yourself shows， more volunteer trips have taken place within the same countries or places in recent years．Sanlian Lifeweek magazine said that volunteer projects in rural areas are now attracting more city visitors as a break from the fast and stressful pace of city living．Yang Yan， a founder of a volunteer platform， told the magazine that it has indeed been a growing trend for city workers to volunteer in rural areas． 　　By working voluntarily while traveling， city workers can get a taste of rural life．For those who are sick of city pressure but can’t make up their minds whether to move forever to the countryside， volunteer travel can be a solution．In this way， as Yang says， travelers can catch some relaxation from their busy lives， while rural communities also benefit by receiving more customers for local tourism industries． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了志愿旅行是一种以参与服务来帮助他人为目的的旅行，通常包括教学、烹饪、动物照顾和文化活动等服务。 5.What’s the function of the first paragraph？（　　） A．To introduce a new way of travel． B．To lead to the topic of volunteer travel． C．To show the popularity of this TV series． D．To raise readers’ interest in the TV series． 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可推知，第一段主要是为了引出本文话题——志愿旅行。 6.What can we learn about volunteer travel？（　　） A．It requires travelers to be highly educated． B．It can date back to the 19th century in the UK． C．It helps travelers earn money on their volunteer trips． D．It combines travel with meaningful work to help others． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，志愿旅行指的是在旅行的同时参与服务，帮助他人。 7.What is the fifth paragraph mainly about？（　　） A．A new trend of volunteer trips． B．The importance of volunteer trips． C．Different views on volunteer trips． D．The development of volunteer trips． 解析：A　段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，第五段主要讲述了越来越多的城市游客到农村做志愿者，也就是介绍了一种志愿旅游的新趋势。 8.Why are more city workers attracted by volunteer projects？（　　） A．To build up their body． B．To give back to society． C．To get away from city life． D．To support the rural tourism． 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第五段倒数第二句以及最后一段可知，越来越多的城市工作者参与志愿者项目是为了逃离城市生活，从忙碌的生活中得到一些放松。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五 　　（2026•泰安高一上期中）Peru is one of the most popular countries in South America， mostly thanks to its Wonder of the World， Machu Picchu．There is much more to see and do in Peru if you’re willing to get out there and explore.9.　　 You don’t need a lot of money to visit here．Here are a few ways to cut down your costs in Peru． 　　Stay at hospedajes.10.　　 They offer personalized service to guests．Try to stay in these as often as possible． 　　Take public transportation．Embrace public transportation to get around — it’s super affordable so skip the taxis．You’ll save a fortune． 　　Travel off－season．For a low－cost trip， the best times to visit Peru are the months of April and May or September and October.11.　　 　　Take the colectivos．These are cheap buses that cost around 2－10 PEN for a ride.12.　　 But there is always a door person whom you can ask if the bus is going to your location．There are not always marked bus stops， so look for gathering crowds． 　　Go on a free walking tour.13.　　 Free Walking Tour Peru has tours that can guide you around both Lima and Cusco．Just remember to tip （给小费） your guide at the end! 　　Bring a water bottle．The tap water here isn’t safe to drink so bring a reusable water bottle with a filter to save money and reduce your plastic use． A．After all， it’s safe to travel alone in Peru． B．Best of all， traveling around Peru is inexpensive． C．Prices are usually cheaper during these periods． D．Peru has a ton of hotels to stay throughout the country． E．This is a great way to learn the history behind the places you are seeing． F．They are a bit confusing， as they don’t necessarily have a schedule． G．These are family－run hotels and are the cheapest accommodation you can find． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就去秘鲁便宜旅行给出了一些建议。 9.B　根据上下文可知，来这里不需要很多钱就能去参观，说明旅游便宜。B项符合语境。 10.G　根据上下文可知，这里提到了hospedajes，G项承接上文说明其特点，符合语境。 11.C　根据上文可知，淡季最佳旅行时间是4月和5月或9月和10月，空处应该说明是因为这个时候价格比较低。C项符合语境。 12.F　根据上下文可知，坐车要询问检票的工作人员，说明没有固定的时间表。F项符合语境。 13.E　上文建议参加免费徒步旅行，空处应承接上文，说明这种方法的好处。E项符合语境。 Ⅲ．语法填空 　　Filled with many sights and 14.　　　　　　 （attract）， China is the best destination in the world．Here are the reasons 15.　　　　　　 China should be at the top of your visit list．China， with a history of over 5，000 years， 16.　　　　　　 （be） one of the Four Ancient Civilized Countries．You can enjoy Chinese food， tea culture， Chinese medicine as well as poetry and calligraphy there．China’s ancient treasures are 17.　　　　　　 （famous） than those in any other country in size and number， from ancient palaces to the Great Wall．Besides， lovely giant pandas are unique 18.　　　　　　 China．You can even go to meet wild pandas in their 19.　　　　　　 （nature） habitats with our panda experts．What’s more， with the 20.　　　　　　 （develop） of Chinese public transportation， it is easier to travel anywhere.21.　　　　　　 （take） a smart phone in China， you can take 22.　　　　　 high－speed train from Beijing to Shanghai at 250－350 km/h， buy a coffee with your e－wallet， and ride a shared bike 23.　　　　　　 （explore） the city． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国是世界上最适合旅游的国家，并列出了许多理由。 14.attractions　考查名词复数。空处和名词sights并列，应用名词作介词with的宾语，attraction表示“有吸引力的事物”，是可数名词，此处应用复数形式。故填attractions。 15.why　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是reasons，关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词引导。故填why。 16.is　考查时态和主谓一致。句子描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语China是专有名词，be动词用is。 17.more famous　考查形容词比较级。根据than those可知，此处应用形容词比较级，故填more famous。 18.to　考查介词。be unique to表示“……特有，对……来说是独一无二的”，是固定短语。故填to。 19.natural　考查形容词。空处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词habitats。故填natural。 20.development　考查名词。此处应用名词作介词with的宾语。故填development。 21.Taking　考查非谓语动词。动词take和逻辑主语you之间是主谓关系，应用动词－ing形式作状语，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Taking。 22.a　考查冠词。train是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词。且high－speed的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 23.to explore　考查非谓语动词。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to explore。 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $