Unit 8 Green Living 单元测试卷 -2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版必修第三册

**基本信息** 北师大版必修第三册Unit 8 Green Living单元测试卷（新高考题型），以绿色生活为主题，融合环保实践、科学研究等真实情境，全面考查语言能力与跨文化意识，适配单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|15题/37.5分|环保活动信息、人物环保行动、碳足迹研究、可持续行为心理学|情境真实（如2025 Green Living Fair），设细节理解与推理题，提升思维品质| |七选五|5题/12.5分|家庭减碳方法|实用建议类文本，考查信息匹配能力，贴近生活| |完形填空|15题/15分|社区花园修复故事|通过叙事考查词汇与语境理解，渗透环保与社区共建理念| |语法填空|10题/15分|太阳能技术|结合科技话题，考查语法应用，体现语言能力| |应用文写作|1题/15分|绿色生活建议|情境交际，考查表达能力，强化学习能力| |读后续写|1题/25分|海滩清理行动|续写故事，考查逻辑与情感表达，培养文化意识|

北师大版必修第三册 Unit 8 Green Living 单元测试卷 （新高考题型 · 满分 120 分 · 考试时间 120 分钟） 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Green Living Fair 2025 — Riverside Community Centre Ready to live more sustainably? Join us at the annual Green Living Fair, where you'll discover practical ways to reduce your environmental impact and save money at the same time. Entry is free, and all activities are suitable for all ages. Date & Time Saturday, October 25, 10:00 AM – 4:00 PM Riverside Community Centre, 45 Green Street What's On - Eco Workshops (Booking required) - 10:30 AM — Composting Made Easy: Learn to turn food waste into nutrient-rich soil for your garden. - 12:00 PM — Zero-Waste Kitchen: Tips for reducing food waste and plastic-free cooking. - 2:00 PM — Repair Café: Bring broken items (clothes, small electronics) and learn to fix them with expert help. - Sustainable Market Over 30 stalls selling eco-friendly products: reusable containers, bamboo toothbrushes, organic skincare, second-hand books, and locally grown produce. Bring your own bags! - Kids' Zone Seed-planting activity, upcycled craft station, and a "make your own bird feeder" workshop. Free for children under 12. - Electric Vehicle Display See the latest electric bikes, scooters, and cars up close. Local owners will share their experiences and answer questions. - Clothing Swap Bring up to 5 clean, good-quality items of clothing and swap them for something new-to-you. Unclaimed items will be donated to the local charity shop. Getting There We encourage green travel! The centre is a 10-minute cycle from the train station, and bike racks are provided. Bus routes 12 and 27 stop directly outside. Car parking is limited and charged at £3 for the day. For workshop booking and more information, visit www.greenlivingfair.org. 1. What can participants do at the Repair Café workshop? A. Learn to make compost from food waste. B. Bring broken items and learn to fix them. C. Swap clothes with other visitors. D. Test-drive electric vehicles. 2. What should visitors bring to the Sustainable Market? A. Their own shopping bags. B. Broken electronics for repair. C. Up to 5 items of clothing. D. Seeds for the planting activity. 3. What do we know about the event? A. It takes place on a Sunday. B. Entry costs £3 per person. C. Workshops require advance booking. D. Car parking is free for all visitors. B When Maya Patel first suggested that her secondary school switch to reusable lunch trays instead of disposable ones, the head teacher smiled politely and said, "That's a nice idea, Maya, but it's not practical." Maya was fourteen, and she had just watched a documentary about ocean plastic. She had learned that her school threw away over 500 plastic trays every day — that's nearly 100,000 trays a year, most of which would end up in landfill or the ocean. The "nice idea" felt like an urgent necessity. She didn't give up. She started small: a petition signed by 200 students, a presentation to the school council, and a detailed cost analysis showing that reusable trays would save the school money within three years. Still, the answer was no. "The initial cost is too high," they said. Then Maya had an idea. She organised a fundraiser — a sponsored silence, a bake sale, and a school talent show. Over three months, she raised £1,200, enough to cover half the cost of the trays. The school council was impressed. They agreed to match the remaining amount. The first day with reusable trays was chaos. Students forgot to return them, some were dropped and broken, and the kitchen staff complained about the extra washing up. Maya wanted to quit. But she reminded herself why she had started. She set up a tray return station with student volunteers, created a simple washing rota, and gave a short assembly explaining why the trays mattered. Within a month, the system was running smoothly. Within a year, the school had cut its plastic waste by 60 percent. Other schools in the area started asking for advice, and Maya helped three of them set up their own reusable tray programmes. By the time she left school two years later, Maya's "nice idea" had become a district-wide initiative. She had learned that change didn't happen overnight, and it didn't happen because one person had all the answers. It happened because one person refused to accept "it's not practical" as a final answer — and inspired others to care enough to try. "Nobody is too young to make a difference," Maya said in her final school speech. "You just have to be stubborn enough to keep going when people tell you it can't be done." 4. What inspired Maya to propose reusable lunch trays? A. A school project on recycling. B. A documentary about ocean plastic pollution. C. Her science teacher's suggestion. D. A visit to a local landfill site. 5. How did Maya respond when the school initially rejected her proposal? A. She gave up and focused on her studies. B. She complained to the local newspaper. C. She took action by raising funds and gathering support. D. She organised a student protest. 6. What can we infer about the first day with reusable trays? A. It was an immediate success. B. It was chaotic but Maya persisted through the difficulties. C. The students refused to use the new trays. D. The school decided to switch back to disposable trays. 7. What is the main message of the text? A. Schools should ban all single-use plastics immediately. B. Young people can drive meaningful change through persistence and action. C. Fundraising is the best way to implement environmental projects. D. Reusable trays are the most effective way to reduce plastic waste. C The Carbon Footprint of Food: What We Eat Matters When people think about reducing their carbon footprint, they usually focus on transport and energy. But a growing body of research shows that what we eat may be just as important — and in some cases, more important — than how we travel. A 2024 study published in *Nature Food* analysed the environmental impact of 57,000 food products sold in the UK and Ireland. Researchers found that meat and dairy products accounted for over 60 percent of the food system's greenhouse gas emissions, despite making up less than 30 percent of the calories consumed. Beef production was particularly impactful: producing 100 grams of beef protein generates 25 times more emissions than producing the same amount of bean protein. Dr. James Liu, the study's lead author, explained the reasons. "Cattle require vast amounts of land, water, and feed," he said. "They also produce methane, a greenhouse gas 28 times more potent than CO2 over a 100-year period. And much of the world's deforestation is driven by clearing land for cattle pasture or to grow feed crops." The research also identified a surprising finding: the way food is transported matters less than many people assume. Even food flown from distant countries typically has a smaller carbon footprint than locally produced beef. "Food miles are a distraction," Dr. Liu said. "What matters far more is what you eat, not where it came from." However, the study's authors were careful not to prescribe a single diet. They found that reducing food waste could have an equally significant impact. Approximately one-third of all food produced globally is wasted — either lost during production or thrown away by consumers. Reducing this waste could cut global food emissions by up to 10 percent. The practical message, according to Dr. Liu, is not that everyone must become vegan. "Even small shifts matter," he said. "Replacing beef with chicken or beans a few times a week, buying only what you need, and using leftovers can make a real difference. The food system is complex, but individual choices do add up." 8. What did the 2024 study find about meat and dairy products? A. They produce less than 30 percent of food emissions. B. They account for over 60 percent of food system emissions. C. They are the most efficient source of protein. D. They have a smaller carbon footprint than plant-based foods. 9. The word "potent" in paragraph 3 probably means ______. A. weak and harmless B. powerful and effective C. rare and valuable D. safe and stable 10. According to the text, what is a "surprising finding" of the study? A. Beef production generates more emissions than bean production. B. Food transportation distance is less important than commonly thought. C. Vegan diets are the only sustainable option. D. Food waste accounts for 60 percent of global emissions. 11. What can be inferred from Dr. Liu's advice in the last paragraph? A. People should completely eliminate meat from their diets. B. Individual dietary choices can collectively make a difference. C. Reducing food waste is more important than changing what we eat. D. Consumers cannot influence the food system's emissions. D The Psychology of Sustainable Behaviour: Why We Don't Do What We Know We Should Most people know that recycling, reducing energy use, and choosing public transport are good for the environment. Yet surveys consistently show that a significant gap exists between environmental attitudes and actual behaviour. Social psychologists call this the "attitude-behaviour gap," and understanding it may be the key to promoting more sustainable lifestyles. A 2023 study published in the *Journal of Environmental Psychology* examined this gap in 3,000 households across five countries. Researchers measured participants' environmental attitudes, then tracked their actual behaviour — recycling rates, energy consumption, and transport choices — over six months. They found that while 78 percent of participants described themselves as "environmentally concerned," only 32 percent consistently acted in environmentally friendly ways. Dr. Anna Schmidt, the study's lead researcher, identified several psychological barriers. First, the bystander effect: people assume that their individual actions don't matter in the face of global problems. Second, the optimism bias: people believe that others will solve the problem, or that technology will eventually fix everything. Third, habit inertia: once behaviours like driving to work or buying packaged food become automatic, changing them requires significant cognitive effort. The study also tested a simple intervention: participants were given personalised feedback comparing their energy use to that of their neighbours. This "social norm" approach reduced energy consumption by an average of 8 percent over three months. Dr. Schmidt explained why it worked: "People are strongly influenced by what they perceive as normal behaviour. When they see that their neighbours are using less energy, they adjust their own behaviour to fit in." However, the study cautioned that information alone is not enough. Participants who received only educational brochures showed no significant behaviour change. The most effective interventions combined information with immediate feedback and social comparison. "Telling people to 'save the planet' is too abstract," Dr. Schmidt said. "Showing them their actual electricity bill compared to their neighbour's is concrete and motivating." The research concluded that promoting sustainable behaviour requires more than raising awareness. It requires designing environments that make green choices easy — convenient recycling systems, affordable public transport, clear feedback on resource use. As Dr. Schmidt put it, "You can't shame people into sustainability. You have to make the sustainable choice the easy choice." 12. What is the "attitude-behaviour gap" according to the text? A. The difference between what people say they care about and what they actually do. B. The gap between scientific research and public understanding of environmental issues. C. The difference in environmental attitudes between different countries. D. The gap between government policies and individual actions. 13. What is one psychological barrier identified in the study? A. People enjoy wasting resources. B. People believe their individual actions don't matter. C. People lack access to information about environmental issues. D. People are forced to drive to work by their employers. 14. What can we conclude from the comparison between educational brochures and personalised feedback? A. Information is the most effective way to change behaviour. B. Concrete, comparative feedback is more effective than abstract education. C. People respond best to being shamed into action. D. Neither approach has any effect on sustainable behaviour. 15. What is the researchers' attitude toward promoting sustainable behaviour? A. It is impossible to change people's habits. B. It requires making green choices convenient and socially normal. C. It can be achieved through education alone. D. It is primarily the responsibility of governments. 第二节 七选五（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Five Simple Ways to Reduce Your Carbon Footprint at Home You don't need to make dramatic lifestyle changes to reduce your environmental impact. Small, consistent adjustments to your daily routine can add up to significant savings — for the planet and your wallet. Here are five practical steps. 1. Adjust Your Thermostat Heating and cooling account for nearly half of a home's energy use. ___16___ In winter, setting it just one degree lower can reduce your heating bill by up to 10 percent. In summer, raise it by a degree or two. 2. Switch to LED Bulbs LED light bulbs use up to 80 percent less energy than traditional incandescent bulbs and last 25 times longer. ___17___ Start with the lights you use most often, then replace others as they burn out. 3. Reduce Food Waste Approximately one-third of all food produced globally is wasted. Plan your meals, make a shopping list, and use leftovers creatively. ___18___ Even freezing leftover bread or vegetables can make a difference. 4. Choose Efficient Appliances When it's time to replace a fridge, washing machine, or dishwasher, look for the highest energy-efficiency rating. ___19___ Over the lifetime of the appliance, the savings can be substantial. 5. Cut Down on Car Journeys For short trips, consider walking, cycling, or taking public transport. ___20___ If you must drive, combine errands into one trip and keep your tyres properly inflated to improve fuel efficiency. Remember, sustainability isn't about perfection. It's about progress — and every small step counts. A. They may cost more upfront, but they use far less electricity. B. Many people don't realise how much energy heating uses. C. Turn your thermostat down in winter and up in summer when you're away. D. Food waste in landfills produces methane, a powerful greenhouse gas. E. If possible, work from home one day a week to cut your commute. F. These small changes can reduce your home energy use significantly. G. Composting fruit and vegetable scraps is another great way to reduce waste. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The old community garden had been ___21___ for years. The fence was rusted, the soil was hard and dry, and the only things growing were weeds and broken glass. Everyone in the neighbourhood walked past it without a second ___22___. Everyone, that is, except Mrs. Gonzalez. Mrs. Gonzalez was seventy-two years old, with silver hair and hands that were always ___23___ from gardening. She had lived in the neighbourhood for forty years, and she remembered when the garden had been a place where children played and families grew tomatoes. "It doesn't have to be this way," she told her grandson Carlos one afternoon. "We can ___24___ it." Carlos, who was sixteen, laughed. "Abuela, nobody cares about that garden. It's too much work." "Then we'll do it ___25___," Mrs. Gonzalez said. The next Saturday, she arrived at the garden with gloves, a shovel, and a determined look. Carlos followed reluctantly, carrying a bag of rubbish bags. The first day was ___26___. They filled twelve bags with rubbish, pulled up enough weeds to fill a small truck, and discovered that the soil was not as dead as it looked — there were earthworms underneath. Mrs. Gonzalez's back ached, and Carlos had blisters on his hands, but when they stood back and looked at the ___27___ plot, they both smiled. Word spread. The next weekend, three neighbours showed up to help. The weekend after that, there were ten. Someone donated tools. Someone else brought seeds. A local builder ___28___ to repair the fence for free. Within two months, the garden had been transformed. There were raised beds full of vegetables, a small herb garden, and even a seating area with chairs made from old wooden pallets. But the garden did more than grow plants. It grew ___29___. Neighbours who had lived next to each other for years but never spoken began working side by side. Children came after school to learn about planting. The elderly sat on the benches and shared stories. The garden became the ___30___ of the community. One afternoon, Carlos was harvesting tomatoes when a little girl from next door approached him. "Did you really make this?" she asked, her eyes wide. Carlos looked around at the garden — at the ___31___ plants, the laughing children, the neighbours chatting over the fence. He thought about that first day, when he had thought it was impossible. "Yeah," he said. "We did. Well, my grandma started it. I just ___32___." The girl smiled. "I want to help too. Can I?" Carlos handed her a small trowel. "___33___. Just be careful with the seedlings." As he watched her dig carefully in the soil, Carlos realised something his grandmother had known all along: you don't need to ___34___ the whole world at once. You just need to start with one small, neglected patch of ground — and have the ___35___ to believe it can be beautiful again. 21. A. maintained B. abandoned C. protected D. decorated 22. A. thought B. chance C. look D. try 23. A. soft B. clean C. rough D. white 24. A. fix B. sell C. ignore D. leave 25. A. ourselves B. themselves C. yourself D. himself 26. A. relaxing B. brutal C. boring D. short 27. A. ruined B. crowded C. cleared D. muddy 28. A. refused B. volunteered C. hesitated D. failed 29. A. plants B. food C. community D. businesses 30. A. heart B. problem C. secret D. memory 31. A. dying B. thriving C. falling D. remaining 32. A. led B. planned C. helped D. started 33. A. Sorry B. Maybe C. Of course D. No way 34. A. change B. destroy C. observe D. understand 35. A. money B. courage C. permission D. evidence 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Solar Energy: Powering a Greener Future Solar energy is one of the fastest-growing sources of renewable energy in the world. Unlike fossil fuels such as coal and oil, solar power produces no greenhouse gas emissions during operation, making it a key technology in the fight ___36___ climate change. The basic principle behind solar energy is simple. Solar panels, also ___37___ (know) as photovoltaic (PV) panels, contain cells that convert sunlight directly into electricity. When sunlight hits these cells, it excites electrons, ___38___ (create) an electric current. This current can then be used to power homes, businesses, and even vehicles. In recent years, the cost of solar panels ___39___ (drop) dramatically. Since 2010, the price has fallen by over 80 percent, making solar energy ___40___ (affordable) than ever before. As a result, global solar capacity has increased from 40 gigawatts in 2010 to over 1,000 gigawatts in 2024. China is currently the world's ___41___ (large) producer and installer of solar panels, accounting for more than half of global capacity. However, countries around the world are investing heavily in solar infrastructure. In some sunny regions, solar power is now the cheapest source of electricity ___42___ (avail). Despite its many advantages, solar energy faces challenges. Solar panels only generate electricity when the sun is shining, ___43___ means energy storage solutions are essential. Battery technology is improving, but it remains expensive. Additionally, the manufacturing of solar panels requires rare earth metals and produces some waste, ___44___ (raise) questions about the full environmental impact. Nevertheless, most experts agree that solar energy will play ___45___ central role in the world's transition to a low-carbon future. As technology continues to improve and costs continue to fall, the sun may well become our most important source of clean energy. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分） 假定你是李华。你的英国朋友 Chris 最近想开始践行绿色生活，但不知道从何入手，写信向你求助。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 对他的想法表示赞赏； 2. 给出至少两条具体可行的建议； 3. 鼓励他坚持。 注意： 1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第二节 读后续写（满分 25 分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was supposed to be a perfect family holiday. Twelve-year-old Leo had been looking forward to the beach for months — building sandcastles, swimming in the sea, eating fish and chips on the pier. But when they arrived at Bayview Beach on the first morning, Leo stopped in his tracks. The beach was covered in plastic. Bottles, bags, straws, food containers — it stretched as far as the eye could see, mixed in with the sand and seaweed. The water was murky, and there were no other families swimming. Leo's mother sighed. "I remember when this beach was beautiful," she said. "It's such a shame." Leo felt angry. He had seen documentaries about ocean plastic, but seeing it in person was different. That afternoon, instead of swimming, he started picking up rubbish. His little sister Mia joined in, then his father. By the end of the day, they had filled six bin bags. But it felt like nothing — a drop in an ocean of plastic. That evening, Leo couldn't sleep. He kept thinking about the beach, about the fish and birds that might be harmed by the plastic, about how nobody seemed to care. Then he had an idea. The next morning, he went to the local council office. He asked to speak to someone about the beach. A tired-looking man named Mr. Henderson listened patiently, then said, "Son, we get complaints about the beach all the time. But cleaning it costs money, and we just don't have the budget." Leo didn't accept that. He went home and made a poster: "BAYVIEW BEACH CLEAN-UP — SATURDAY 9 AM — BRING GLOVES, BRING FRIENDS, BRING HOPE." He put up copies around the town, posted it on social media, and emailed the local newspaper. His parents thought he was being optimistic. "Nobody will come," his father said gently. "But it's good that you care." Saturday morning arrived. Leo got to the beach at 8:30, carrying bin bags and gloves. He waited. At 8:45, nobody was there. At 8:55, still nobody. Leo felt his stomach sink. Maybe his father was right. Then, at 9:00, a car pulled up. A family got out. Then another. Then a group of teenagers. Then a minibus full of people from a local community group. By 9:30, there were over fifty people on the beach, all with gloves and bin bags, ready to work. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: By midday, the transformation was remarkable.________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: That evening, Leo stood on the now-clean beach, watching the sunset._______________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案与解析 第一部分 阅读 第一节 阅读理解 解析： 1. B 细节理解。根据Repair Café条目"Bring broken items (clothes, small electronics) and learn to fix them with expert help"直接定位。A项是堆肥工作坊，C项是衣物交换，D项是电动车展示。 2. A 细节理解。根据Sustainable Market部分"Bring your own bags!"可知需自带购物袋。B项是维修工作坊，C项是衣物交换，D项是儿童区活动。 3. C 细节理解。根据Eco Workshops标注"(Booking required)"可知工作坊需预约。A项应为周六，B项与原文free矛盾，D项与"charged at £3"矛盾。 4. B 细节理解。根据第二段，她刚看了一部关于海洋塑料的纪录片后提出这个建议。A、C、D项均无依据。 5. C 细节理解。根据第四段，她没有放弃，而是组织筹款活动（赞助沉默、烘焙义卖、才艺秀），筹集了1200英镑。A项与原文相反，B、D项无依据。 6. B 推理判断。根据第六段，第一天很混乱，但Maya没有放弃，而是建立了归还站、志愿者、清洗轮值表，可推断虽然混乱但她坚持克服困难。A项与原文相反，C项无依据，D项与原文矛盾。 7. B 主旨大意。全文通过Maya的故事传达年轻人可以通过坚持和行动推动有意义的改变。A项过于绝对，C项以偏概全，D项过于绝对。 8. B 细节理解。根据第二段，肉类和乳制品占食品系统温室气体排放的60%以上。A项与原文相反，C项无依据，D项与原文矛盾。 9. B 词义猜测。根据上下文，甲烷是比CO2强28倍的温室气体，potent意为"强有力的、有效的"。A项方向相反，C、D项不符合。 10. B 细节理解。根据第四段，令人惊讶的发现是食物运输距离的影响比许多人想象的要小。A项不是"surprising finding"（是已知的），C、D项与原文矛盾。 11. B 推理判断。根据最后一段，Dr. Liu说即使小的改变也很重要，个人选择确实会累积，可推断个人饮食选择集体起来能产生影响。A项与原文"not everyone must become vegan"矛盾，C项"更重要"无依据，D项与原文相反。 12. A 细节理解。根据第一段，态度-行为差距是指人们的环保态度与实际行为之间存在差距。B、C、D项偏离定义。 13. B 细节理解。根据第三段，心理障碍之一是旁观者效应：人们认为个人行动在全球问题面前不重要。A项无依据，C项与原文"most people know"矛盾，D项无依据。 14. B 推理判断。根据第五、六段，仅发教育手册没有显著效果，而个性化的比较反馈使能耗降低8%，可推断具体的比较反馈比抽象教育更有效。A项与原文相反，C项与原文"can't shame people"矛盾，D项与原文矛盾。 15. B 作者态度。根据最后一段，研究者认为促进可持续行为需要让绿色选择变得容易、让环保行为成为社会规范，态度是积极且务实的。A项与原文相反，C项与原文矛盾，D项以偏概全。 第二节 七选五 解析： 16. C 本段讲调节恒温器，C项"冬天调低、夏天外出时调高"是具体做法，承接前文。B项为干扰项（说很多人没意识到供暖耗能），但与后文具体温度建议衔接不如C。 17. F 前文说LED灯泡节能且寿命长，F项"这些小改变能显著减少家庭能源使用"总结LED灯泡的好处，逻辑衔接。 18. G 本段讲减少食物浪费，前文说计划用餐、利用剩菜，G项"堆肥果蔬残渣是另一个减少浪费的好方法"与前文并列，都是减少浪费的方法。D项为干扰项（说垃圾填埋场的食物产生甲烷），但偏离本段"如何减少浪费"的具体建议。 19. A 前文说更换电器时选高能效等级，A项"它们可能前期更贵，但用电少得多"解释了为什么值得买，承接前文。 20. E 本段讲减少开车，前文说短途步行/骑车/公交，E项"如果可能，每周在家工作一天减少通勤"与前文并列，都是减少开车的方法。 第二部分 语言运用 第一节 完形填空 解析： 21. B abandoned 被遗弃的。老社区花园被遗弃多年。maintained（维护）、protected（保护）方向相反，decorated（装饰）不符合。 22. A thought 想法。without a second thought为固定搭配，表示"不假思索地、毫不犹豫地"。chance（机会）、look（看）、try（尝试）不符合搭配。 23. C rough 粗糙的。她的手因园艺而总是粗糙的。soft（柔软的）方向相反，clean（干净的）、white（白的）不符合长期做园艺的手。 24. A fix 修复，修理。我们可以修复它（花园）。sell（卖）、ignore（忽视）、leave（离开）不符合。 25. A ourselves 我们自己。那我们自己来做。与主语we一致。 26. B brutal 艰苦的。第一天很艰苦——装满12袋垃圾、拔杂草。relaxing（放松的）方向相反，boring（无聊的）、short（短的）不符合。 27. C cleared 清理干净的。他们退后看着清理干净的地块，都笑了。ruined（毁坏的）、crowded（拥挤的）、muddy（泥泞的）不符合。 28. B volunteered 自愿做。一位当地建筑商自愿免费修围栏。refused（拒绝）、hesitated（犹豫）、failed（失败）方向相反。 29. C community 社区。花园不仅种植物，还培育了社区（邻里关系）。与后文邻居开始交流呼应。plants（植物）、food（食物）、businesses（生意）不符合。 30. A heart 中心，心脏。花园成了社区的中心。problem（问题）、secret（秘密）、memory（记忆）不符合。 31. B thriving 茁壮成长的。他看着茁壮成长的植物。dying（垂死的）、falling（掉落的）方向相反，remaining（剩余的）不符合。 32. C helped 帮助。我奶奶发起的，我只是帮忙。led（领导）、planned（计划）、started（开始）与前文奶奶发起矛盾。 33. C Of course 当然。Carlos递给她小铲子说"当然可以"。Sorry（抱歉）、Maybe（也许）、No way（没门）不符合他愿意让女孩帮忙的态度。 34. A change 改变。你不需要一下子改变整个世界。destroy（破坏）、observe（观察）、understand（理解）不符合。 35. B courage 勇气。你只需要从一小块被忽视的土地开始，并有勇气相信它可以再次美丽。money（金钱）、permission（许可）、evidence（证据）不符合。 第二节 语法填空 解析： 36. against 固定搭配fight against，表示"与……作斗争"。 37. known 过去分词作定语，be known as为固定搭配，表示"被称为"。 38. creating 现在分词作结果状语，表示阳光激发电子从而产生电流。 39. has dropped In recent years为现在完成时标志，主语cost为单数，用has dropped。 40. more affordable 后面有than，需用比较级。affordable为多音节词，比较级加more。 41. largest 中国目前是世界上最大的太阳能板生产国和安装国，用最高级。 42. available 形容词作后置定语，修饰electricity，表示"可获得的电力"。 43. which 非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，用which引导，不可用that。 44. raising 现在分词作结果状语，表示制造太阳能板需要稀土金属并产生一些废物，这引发了关于全面环境影响的问题。 45. a 固定搭配play a central role，表示"发挥核心作用"。 第三部分 写作 第一节 应用文写作（参考范文） Dear Chris, I'm so glad to hear you want to start living a greener lifestyle — it's one of the most meaningful choices you can make. Here are two simple ways to begin. First, carry a reusable water bottle and shopping bag with you — this single change can prevent hundreds of single-use plastics from entering the environment each year. Second, try reducing your food waste by planning meals and using leftovers creatively. Food waste in landfills produces methane, a powerful greenhouse gas. Don't try to change everything at once. Start small, be consistent, and remember that every little action adds up. You've got this! Yours, Li Hua 评分要点： - 内容完整：赞赏想法（√）、两条具体建议（√）、鼓励坚持（√） - 格式正确：书信格式 - 语言地道：single-use plastics, food waste, methane, adds up - 语气真诚鼓励 第二节 读后续写（参考范文） Paragraph 1: By midday, the transformation was remarkable. Over fifty people had worked together, filling more than a hundred bin bags with plastic and rubbish. The sand, once hidden beneath a layer of waste, was visible again — golden and clean. Children built sandcastles for the first time that summer. A local fish and chip shop owner brought free lunch for everyone. Mr. Henderson from the council even showed up, took one look at the beach, and promised to arrange regular council clean-ups. A photographer from the local newspaper took photos, and the story appeared on the front page the next day. Paragraph 2: That evening, Leo stood on the now-clean beach, watching the sunset. His sister Mia was building a sandcastle nearby, and his parents were walking along the shoreline. Leo felt a warmth in his chest that had nothing to do with the evening sun. He had learned something important that week: change doesn't happen by waiting for someone else to fix things. It happens when one person cares enough to start — and when others choose to join in. The beach wasn't perfect yet, and it would need ongoing care. But for the first time, Leo felt hopeful. He had started with a poster and an idea, and that had been enough. 评分要点： - 与原文衔接自然，情节合理 - 第一段：众人合力清理海滩，效果显著，引发社区和议会关注 - 第二段：Leo在干净的海滩上感悟，主题升华 - 情感线索完整：愤怒→行动→失望→惊喜→希望 - 语言丰富：transformation, remarkable, beneath a layer of waste, ongoing care - 结尾呼应单元主题：个人行动可以推动环保改变 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $