必修2 Unit 3 第1课时 固基.语言知识(Word教参)-【新高考方案】2027年高考英语一轮总复习（人教版）

该高中英语讲义围绕高考核心考点，整合基础词汇（拼写、语法填空、语境辨义）、重点词汇（如convenient、benefit等高频词用法及搭配）、语法应用及语篇理解，按“固基—深化—实战”逻辑架构知识体系。通过自查自纠梳理考点，结合真题例句与写作范句指导方法，搭配随堂训练与分层作业（阅读、完形、语法填空），帮助学生系统突破语言知识与运用难点。 资料以语境化学习为特色，如“语境辨义”对比多义词不同用法，“内存卡”总结核心词汇搭配规律，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设置基础巩固到综合应用的分层练习，结合即时反馈机制，确保学生高效掌握考点，为教师精准把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支撑。

“教材单元语基背诵与默写”见学生用书《语基背诵与默写》分册P25。课前先过“识记关”哦! |主|题|语|境|建|构| 第1课时　固基·语言知识 一、基础词汇·自查自纠 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.Jane began to walk along the stream (小溪) and hoped it would lead her to the lake. 2.She uses her identity (身份) as an artist to inspire young people to express themselves freely. 3.Because of the popularity of electronic payment, people don’t have to carry cash (现金). 4.Since the database(数据库) was set up, the Woodland Trust has added over 180,000 trees. 5.It was her first time to use the app’s online payment function (功能) to pay for the ride. 6.Schools should provide students with places where they can surf (冲浪) the Internet. 7.The charity (慈善机构) is calling for volunteers to make use of their free time to help those poor children. 8.She was willing to help me. I told her I’d been going through a tough (艰难的) time. 9.I observed these elderly residents (居民) sitting alone silently, heads down. 10.With his parents’ help, Ewan used social media to ask for more turkeys, plus (另加) side dishes. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.They wore identical (identity) clothes and even walked in the same way, making it hard to tell them apart. 2.Despite the distance (distant), their friendship remained strong and lasting. 3.His stories about overcoming challenges were an inspiration (inspire) to everyone who heard them. 4.She demonstrated great toughness (tough) during the race, never giving up despite the difficulty. 5.Everyone needs some privacy (private); it’s important for personal space and relaxation. 6.His rudeness (rude) at the party was surprising, considering his usual politeness. 7.The particularity (particular) of the situation required a unique solution to resolve the issue. 8.He tried to hide his embarrassment (embarrass) when he realized he had forgotten his lines during the play. 　　易错微点 1.identical为形容词,意为“相同的;同一的”,搭配be identical to ... 意为“与……相同”。 2.distance为名词,意为“距离”,常用于短语at a distance“在一定距离上;在远处”,in the distance“在远处”。 3.toughness为名词,意为“韧性”。词缀⁃ness为名词性词缀,通常加在形容词之后,表示事物的状态、性质或程度,所以构成的通常是抽象名词,如rudeness表示“不礼貌,粗野、无礼的言行举止或态度”。 Ⅲ.语境辨义(将对应词义的代码填在横线上) 1.stream A.vt.流播(生义)　B.vt.流出　　C.vi.流动;流出 D.n.小河;溪流 E.n.车流(生义) ①A small stream flowed through the forest, creating a peaceful ambiance. 　D　  ②The concert was streamed live online, allowing fans from around the world to watch. 　A　  ③During rush hour, a steady stream of cars filled the highway. 　E　  ④The pipe burst and water started to stream out uncontrollably. 　C　  ⑤The worker accidentally streamed oil into the environment, causing pollution. 　B　  2.tough A.adj.艰难的 　 　　　B.adj.严厉的(生义) C.adj.(食物)嚼不烂的(生义) 　 　　　D.adj.坚固的 E.adj.棘手的(生义) ①This steak is so tough that I can hardly chew it. 　C　  ②The tough material of the parachute ensured a safe landing. 　D　  ③The new rules made the test extremely tough to pass. 　A　  ④Dealing with this problem will be tough, as it involves multiple stakeholders. 　E　  ⑤His tough love approach helped his child develop better study habits. 　B　  3.press A.vt.按,压　　B.vt.敦促　　C.n.媒体(生义) ①The teacher pressed the students to submit their assignments on time. 　B　  ②She pressed the button to turn off the alarm. 　A　  ③The press was waiting outside to capture the celebrity’s arrival. 　C　  4.target A.n.目标 　　　B.n.对象;靶子(生义) C.vt.把……作为攻击目标(生义) ①The research project has identified several potential targets for the development of new drugs. 　B　  ②The company has set a high sales target for this quarter. 　A　  ③Environmental activists target large companies to demand more sustainable practices. 　C　  5.tip A.n.诀窍;实用的提示 　　　B.n.尖端(生义) C.n.小费(生义) 　　　D.vt.弄翻 E.vt.使倾斜(生义) 　　　F.vt.付小费(生义) ①He accidentally tipped his glass over, spilling the drink on the table. 　D　  ②The tip of the needle is very sharp, so be careful when you are sewing. 　B　  ③After dinner, she tipped the waiter 15%, thanking him for the excellent service. 　F　  ④I have a tip for you: use less water when cooking to preserve the nutrients in the food. 　A　  ⑤He tipped the bottle carefully to pour out the syrup (糖浆). 　E　  ⑥He gave a big tip to show his gratitude for the waiter’s excellent service. 　C　  二、重点词汇·深化学习 1.convenient adj.方便的;近便的 ①〗Wi⁃Fi brings convenience (convenient) to our daily life, enabling us to easily chat online, stream videos and gain updated information. ②(写作话题:景点介绍)The new park is convenient for families to spend weekends, as it has playgrounds for children and picnic areas for relaxation.  新公园方便家庭度过周末时光,因为它有儿童游乐场和野餐区供人放松。 ③(“邀请信”范句)I am wondering if it is convenient for you to meet in the lecture hall at 8:00 am this Friday.   我想知道本周五早上8点在演讲大厅见面对你来说是否方便。 [内存卡] (1)It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 某人方便做某事 be convenient for/to sb. 对某人来说方便 (2)convenience n. 方便;便利 for (one’s) convenience 为了(某人的)方便 at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候 名师指津:convenient作表语时,不能用人作主语,一般要用物或it作主语。 2. benefit n.益处vt.使受益 vi.得益于 ①(2025·全国Ⅰ卷写作)For the benefit of helping everyone know each other better, I prefer “Guess who I am”, as it includes interesting clues that can bring us closer.  为了帮助大家更好地相互了解,我倾向于 “Guess who I am”,因为它包含能让我们更亲近的有趣线索。 ②(一句多译)我相信,以中国美食、手工艺品和书法为特色的研讨会将有益于所有交换生。 →I am confident that all exchange students will benefit from/by the workshop which features Chinese cuisine,handicrafts and calligraphy.  →I am confident that the workshop featuring Chinese cuisine, handicrafts and calligraphy will benefit/be of benefit to/be beneficial to all exchange students.  [内存卡] (1)for the benefit of　　 为了……的利益 be of benefit to 对……有益 (2)benefit from/by ... 从……中受益; 得益于…… (3)beneficial adj. 有益的 be beneficial to 有益于 名师指津:与benefit和beneficial搭配的to都是介词。 3.access n.通道;(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入;使用;获取 ①Our own generation has access to getting (get) more nutritious food and more convenient transport than those in the past. ②Our school stadium is accessible (access) to us students, and we can get easy access to it when taking exercise. ③(写作话题:网络科技)We can have/get/gain access to whatever we desire to learn on the Internet and thus, online learning benefits us greatly.  我们可以在网上得到我们想学习的任何东西,因此在线学习让我们受益颇多。 [内存卡] (1)access to　　　 进入……的通道 have/get/gain access to 可以接近/进入 (2)accessible adj. 可接近的;容易理解的 be accessible to sb. 某人可接近/进入/使用的 名师指津:access前通常不加冠词,且与access和accessible搭配短语中的to是介词。 4.account n.账户;描述;解释vt.认为是;视为;解释 ①He had to account for his absence from work, explaining that he was sick and had to visit the doctor.  他必须说明自己缺勤的原因,解释说他生病了,不得不去看医生。 ②(情节描写)On account of the unexpected heavy rain, we had more difficulty finding our way home.  由于突如其来的大雨,我们更难找到回家的路。 ③(“申请信”范句)I would be very grateful if you could take my application into account/take account of my application.  如果您能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。 ④Oceans play a critical role in the world, so we should on no account pollute them. →Oceans play a critical role in the world, so on no account should we pollute them.(改为倒装句)  [内存卡] (1)on account of　　　 由于;因为 on no account 决不 take account of 考虑 take ... into account　 考虑…… (2)account for 解释;说明;(比例上)占 名师指津:on no account意为“决不”,置于句首时,句子用部分倒装。用法类似的表达还有:by no means, in no way, in no case, on no condition, under no circumstances, at no time等。 5.familiar adj.熟悉;熟知 ①He gained familiarity (familiar) with the software after using it for a month. ②The new student felt unfamiliar (familiar) with the school environment, as he had never been to this school before and didn’t know anyone. ③(一句多译)沿着旅游路线的所有一切对她来说都是如此熟悉,因为她已经走过这条路线很多次了。 →She was so familiar with all these along the tourist route since she had traveled the route many times.  →All these along the tourist route were so familiar to her since she had traveled the route many times.  [内存卡] (1)be familiar with　　　　　　 熟悉……(其主语通常是指人的名词或代词) be familiar to 为……所熟悉(其主语通常是人们所知晓的事物) (2)unfamiliar adj. 　 不熟悉的 (3)familiarity n. 熟悉 6.case n.盒;箱;情况;案件 ①(“告知信”范句)You told me that you can’t go to watch the cultural exhibition with me tomorrow. In that case, we can make another time to visit it. 你告诉我明天你不能和我一起去看文化展览了。假若那样的话,我们可以另约时间去参观它。  ②(场景描写)Given the chilly weather, we kept some blankets in case (that) guests felt cold in the evening.考虑到寒冷的天气,我们准备了一些毯子,以防客人在晚上感觉到冷。  ③As is often the case, I have got inspiration as well as encouragement from the paper.  我经常从这份报纸中得到灵感和鼓励,这是常有的事情。 ④We should in no case underestimate the importance of being prepared. →In no case should we underestimate the importance of being prepared.(改为倒装句)  [内存卡] in case (of/that) ...　　　　　　　　 (以防)万一…… in no case 决不(置于句首时,句子用部分倒装) in any case 无论如何;不管怎样 in this/that case 假使这样/那样的话 as is often the case　 这是常有的事 名师指津:case作先行词后跟定语从句,且在从句中作状语时,从句要用where引导。 7.go through经历;度过;通读;仔细检查;完成;通过 　　(用go的相关短语完成语段) 　　(建议信)I entirely understand what you are ①going through before the College Entrance Examination. So many lessons need ②going over. With time ③going by, you have become more and more upset. Here, I strongly suggest that you should ④go ahead with a scientific learning plan. After studying for some time, you’d better ⑤go out and relax. More importantly, never ⑥go against learning regulations.   　　我完全理解你高考前的心情。有那么多功课需要复习。随着时间的流逝,你变得越来越沮丧。在这里,我强烈建议你应该制定一个科学的学习计划。学习一段时间后,你最好出去放松一下。更重要的是,永远不要违背学习规则。 [内存卡] go over　　 复习;(仔细)检查 go out 出去;熄灭 go against 违背;违反 go up 上涨;上升 go ahead 前进;开始做;(用于祈使句)干吧;说吧;请吧 go without 没有……也可应付;将就 go by (时间)流逝;过去 8.keep ( ...) in mind牢记 　　(用mind的相关短语完成语段) 　　When preparing for the English speech contest, I ①made up my mind to focus on environmental protection. Though I once wanted to ②change my mind because of difficult data collection, the picture of polluted rivers always ③came to my mind. I ④kept in mind that every voice matters, so I ⑤put my mind to interviewing scientists and wrote a speech that moved the audience.  准备英语演讲比赛时,我下定决心聚焦环境保护。尽管因数据收集困难曾想改变主意,但污染河流的画面总是浮现。我牢记每一份声音都有意义,于是专心采访科学家,写出了打动听众的演讲稿。 [内存卡] bear ... in mind　　　　 记住…… change one’s mind 改变主意 make up one’s mind 下定决心 cross/come to one’s mind 某人突然想起 read one’s mind 看出某人的心思 put one’s mind to 全神贯注于;专心致志于 三、随堂训练·语境活用(根据课文内容,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式) Jan Tchamani, an English teacher in Birmingham, UK, suddenly developed a serious illness and had to quit her job. At age 50, she found herself out of work and ①stuck (stick) at home. After a while, she discovered that ②surfing (surf) the Internet could help her feel less lonely and bored. She could do everything online. She also joined ③an online group where she could talk about her problems and get support and advice ④from others. She realised that one of the greatest ⑤benefits (benefit) of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance ⑥that usually exists between people.She ⑦was inspired (inspire) by the people she met online, and she decided to start an IT club to teach some older people how to use computers and the Internet.She and her friends organise events and collect money ⑧to pay (pay) for private teachers.Jan has started taking online classes to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society ⑨better (good). Jan’s life has been ⑩greatly (great) improved by the Internet.  [课时作业评价]　   Ⅰ.阅读理解(适变创新命题:语篇为非连续性文本) Shared mobility Car sharing, bike sharing and the like are good for the environment, though access to them isn’t equal. A lot can be done to give everyone more transportation options. Why is it easy to maintain shared mobility? Walk around most large cities in Europe and the United States, and you’d be forgiven for thinking that we’re living in a brand new world of affordable and effortless mobility for all, with the smartphone in your pocket an access to a great number of shared bikes and electric cars, and a ride service never more than five minutes away. Who are these services more easily accessible to? If you’re disabled or elderly, who lives in a low⁃income area or without a smartphone or credit card, using these shared mobility services becomes a lot more difficult. They tend to be more accessible in many urban areas, and are often inaccessible to people with reduced mobility or those traveling with young children. Because of these factors, users are unequally younger, wealthier, able⁃bodied, and male. What are the potential benefits? On⁃demand shared mobility that feeds into well⁃developed public transportation systems could cut transportation emissions (排放物) by 50 percent — but only if it largely replaces private car use. What options meet your needs today? How can shared mobility be spread? Achieving that goal will be challenging, especially in developed countries, where people choose private cars for 61 percent of the kilometers they travel. To move more people away from private vehicles to shared ones, broadening opportunities to reach a larger population is an important first step. 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了共享出行服务的现状,并提出了扩大服务人群覆盖面的建议。 1.Who finds it hardest to use shared mobility? A.A man with a smartphone. B.A senior without credit cards. C.A well⁃off worker in a city. D.A regular bus⁃taking student. 解析:选B　细节理解题。根据Who are these services more easily accessible to?部分中的“If you’re ...without a smartphone or credit card ... a lot more difficult.”和“users are unequally younger, wealthier, able⁃bodied, and male”可知,缺乏智能手机或信用卡的残障人士和老年人最难使用共享服务。 2.Which service allows people to operate the vehicle themselves? A.MICROMOBILITY.　 B.MICROTRANSIT. C.RIDEPOOLING. D.RIDESOURCING. 解析:选A　细节理解题。根据What options meet your needs today?部分左侧图中的“The vehicle is the service”和服务介绍可知,A项“MICROMOBILITY”提供共享摩托车、共享电动自行车和共享自行车,人们可以直接使用车辆。 3.What should be done first to promote shared mobility? A.Lower smartphone costs. B.Increase varieties of vehicles. C.Limit private car sales. D.Expand accessibility to users. 解析:选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“To move more people ...broadening opportunities to reach a larger population is an important first step.”可知,扩大覆盖人群使共享服务触及更多人是首要任务。 Ⅱ.完形填空 “My friend is slimmer than me.” “He is lucky enough to be admitted into a key school.” Do you ever find yourself 　4　 your life to the life of your friends and others? You are not alone.  When we are 　5　 browsing social media, we always meet with the content that makes us question and compare 　6　 aspects of our lives, such as our appearance, our status and our accomplishments, which may 　7　 our anxiety, “I am not good enough.”  How do we give up this 　8　 to compare ourselves? Even if it may feel 　9　, it is possible.Don’t focus your attention on others.　10　, focus on what you do have, what your values are, and how you are feeling about your own life and accomplishments.  Most of us have 　11　 with the success of others.It’s 　12　 to feel jealous or envious.While it is very normal, it’s important for us not to be swept away by these 　13　.Reflect on your own life — the challenges you have overcome, the personal goals you have achieved, etc.Remember, your own success doesn’t 　14　 another person’s success.  When you care more about what you are 　15　, the grass is always going to look greener on the other side.However, when you make thankfulness a regular 　16　, you will come to find many things in your life to be thankful for.  It’s probably difficult to remove oneself from social media, but creating some 　17　 is helpful.Try spending less time on social media platforms.Do a “following cleaner” — unfollow or 　18　 the accounts that make you feel bad about yourself or cause your anxiety and stress.  语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了和别人攀比会导致负面影响,建议和社交媒体保持距离。 4.A.linking B.attaching C.adapting D.comparing 解析:选D　根据下文“compare ourselves”可知,此处指把自己的生活和朋友或其他人的生活作比较。故选D。 5.A.mindlessly B.professionally C.thoroughly D.eagerly 解析:选A　根据下文“we always meet with the content that makes us question”可知,此处指当我们无意识地浏览社交媒体时,总是会遇到让我们质疑和比较我们生活各个方面的内容。故选A。 6.A.external B.various C.familiar D.visual 解析:选B　根据下文“our lives, such as our appearance, our status and our accomplishments”可知,此处指浏览社交媒体时总是会遇到让我们质疑和比较我们生活各个方面的内容,比如我们的外表、我们的地位和我们的成就。故选B。 7.A.result from B.add to C.make up for D.eat away at 解析:选B　根据下文“I am not good enough.”可知,浏览的内容增加了“我不够好”的焦虑。故选B。 8.A.potential B.function C.desire D.effort 解析:选C　根据下文“to compare ourselves”可知,此处指攀比的欲望,应用desire。故选C。 9.A.challenging B.inspiring C.amazing D.satisfying 解析:选A　根据上文“How do we give up this”以及下文列举的方法可知,放弃攀比具有挑战性。故选A。 10.A.Moreover B.Instead C.Therefore D.Otherwise 解析:选B　根据上文“Don’t focus your attention on others.”可知,此处为转折关系,不要关注别人,而应多关注自己。故选B。 11.A.dealt B.helped C.quarreled D.struggled 解析:选D　根据下文“It’s 　　　　to feel jealous or envious.”可知,此处指为别人的成功而挣扎过。故选D。  12.A.practical B.natural C.critical D.essential 解析:选B　根据下文“While it is very normal”可知,感到嫉妒或羡慕是正常的。natural与normal相呼应。故选B。 13.A.approaches B.concerns C.options D.feelings 解析:选D　空处指上文“It’s 　　　　to feel jealous or envious.”中提到的嫉妒和羡慕的感觉。此处表示,虽然这很正常,但重要的是我们不要被这些情绪冲昏头脑。故选D。  14.A.take on B.rise to C.count on D.contribute to 解析:选C　根据下文“another person’s success”可知,此处指自我的成功并不依赖于别人的成功。故选C。 15.A.lacking B.presenting C.ignoring D.handling 解析:选A　根据下文“the grass is always going to look greener on the other side”可知,如果你关注的是自己缺乏的东西,你就会觉得别人的东西更好。故选A。 16.A.response B.reflection C.assumption D.routine 解析:选D　根据下文“you will come to find many things in your life to be thankful for”可知,当你把感恩变成一种习惯时,你会发现生活中有很多事情值得你感恩。故选D。 17.A.distance B.recognition C.schedule D.target 解析:选A　根据下文“Try spending less time on social media platforms.”可知,从社交媒体中删除自己可能很难,但是保持一些距离是有帮助的。故选A。 18.A.contact B.close C.uncover D.present 解析:选B　根据上文“Do a ‘following cleaner’— unfollow or”可知,做一次“关注清理”——取消或关闭那些让你感觉不好或让你焦虑和压力的账户。故选B。 Ⅲ.语法填空 　　China’s online tourism 　19　 (develop) a lot during the past few years due to advanced technologies, with total consumption 　20　 (reach) the trillion yuan level.   “Internet plus”,　21　 has become a new mode of travel and a new engine for smart tourism, will speed up ecological innovation in the tourism industry, according to a report recently 　22　 (release) by the China Tourism Academy.   During the Labor Day, various tourist attractions across the country ensured that their admission tickets could　23　 (book) through online platforms to make visitors come at different times. Online reservation systems allow scenic areas to carry out reception work in a more orderly manner, and tourists can plan their trip more 　24　 (reasonable). Meanwhile, it has become common practice for scenic areas 　25　 (monitor) data such as the daily number of tourists through big data platforms.   Through analysis　26　 data such as tourists’ tracks, consumption tendency and service preferences, scenic areas can enrich their products, provide more targeted services 　27　 improve their management. Digital technology can help improve tourists’ experience and it can push forward the integration of culture and tourism, thus making tourism more 　28　 (innovation).  语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国在线旅游的发展情况,包括技术进步推动在线旅游发展、互联网加成为智慧旅游新引擎、劳动节期间各景区实行网上预约制度、大数据平台监测景区数据成为常态,以及通过数据分析提升景区管理和服务,使旅游业更具创新性。 19．has developed　考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语during the past few years可知，这里描述的是从过去几年持续到现在的情况，应使用现在完成时且主语是单数。故填has developed。 20．reaching　考查非谓语动词。句中构成with的复合结构，由于total consumption和reach之间是主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式作宾补。故填reaching。 21．which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Internet plus，为物且先行词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 22．released　考查非谓语动词。句中will speed为谓语动词，release在句中作非谓语动词，且和逻辑主语a report是被动关系，所以应用过去分词形式。故填released。 23．be booked　考查动词时态和语态。their admission tickets和book之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，且情态动词could后面接动词原形，故使用情态动词的被动语态结构。故填be booked。 24．reasonably　考查副词。plan是动词，需要用副词修饰。故填reasonably。 25．to monitor　考查非谓语动词。句中构成“it is＋形容词＋for sb. to do sth.”的结构，此处it为形式主语，不定式为真正的主语。故填to monitor。 26．of　考查介词。analysis和data之间是所属关系，即“分析的数据”，所以这里用介词of表示所属关系。故填of。 27．and　考查连词。句中enrich their products，provide more targeted services和improve their management构成并列关系，所以这里用连词and连接。故填and。 28．innovative　考查形容词。设空处需要使用innovation的形容词innovative表示“创新性的”作宾补。故填innovative。 83 / 116 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $