必修3 Unit 2 第2课时 培优.阅读表达(Word教参)-【新高考方案】2027年高考英语一轮总复习（译林版）

该高中英语讲义紧扣高考阅读表达核心考点，涵盖语法句型（the moment时间状语从句）、读后续写情感描写（害怕与恐惧）、阅读理解（推理判断、词义猜测）及阅读七选五。知识点按“基础句型—语篇应用—真题训练”逻辑架构，通过考点梳理（句型规则解读）、方法指导（情感表达升格）、真题训练（Workbook语篇阅读题）等环节，帮助学生系统突破难点，体现复习针对性。 资料亮点在于多维度能力培养，如句型训练从规则解读到应用写美，情感表达通过直陈式、描述性到修辞式分层升格，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设置补写语段、真题模拟等分层练习，配合即时反馈，确保复习效率，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支持。

第2课时　培优·阅读表达 学教材佳句·把句子写美　 句型　the moment引导时间状语从句 |解|读|规|则| (1)“一……就……”的表达形式： ①immediately/directly/instantly＋从句 ②the moment/minute/instant＋从句 ③upon/on＋n./doing ... ④no sooner ... than .../hardly ...when ... ⑤as soon as＋从句 (2)在no sooner ... than .../hardly ... when ...句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；如果no sooner或hardly位于句首，主句需用部分倒装。 |习|练|规|则|　(一句多译/句式升级) ①一回到家，我就把花在花瓶里插好。 →I arranged the flowers in the vase the_moment_I_arrived_home.(the moment) →I arranged the flowers in the vase on_arriving_home.(on doing) ②We had hardly left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room. →Hardly_had_we_left_the_dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.(升级为倒装句) |应|用|写|美| ③(动作描写)我头一沾枕头就睡着了。(as soon as) I fell asleep as_soon_as_my_head_hit_the_pillow. ④(动作描写)一听到有人喊“救命”，他就冲出了房子。(upon doing) Upon_hearing_shouts of “help”， he dashed out of the house. ⑤(心理描写)我太震惊了以至于一听到这个消息我就僵在了原地。(the moment) So shocked was I that I was frozen to the spot the_moment_I_heard_the_news. 建构语义网·把语段写详　 读后续写·写作序列(6)——情感表达之“害怕与恐惧” Ⅰ.积累语块(加黑词汇为本单元词汇复现)　 1．a flood of fear　　　　　 一阵恐惧 2．cry out in fright 吓得大声叫喊 3．scare sb. to death 把某人吓得要命 4．be frozen with fear 吓得浑身僵直 5．be shaking with fear 吓得发抖 6．the sharp shocks of fear 恐惧的强烈冲击 7．be terrified out of one's wits 把某人吓得魂不附体 8．with one's eyes full of horror 某人的眼睛里充满恐惧 Ⅱ.升格表达　 1．直陈式表述 ①She felt a sudden clutch of fear. 她突然感到一阵恐惧。 ②His eyes grew wide/widened with horror. 他惊恐地睁大了眼睛。 ③He turned to me, with his eyes full of horror. 他转向我，眼里充满了恐惧。 ④Seeing this, I felt my fear growing/increasing inside. 看到这一幕，我内心的恐惧愈发强烈。 ⑤The little boy trembled with fear at the sight of the angry dog. 小男孩看到那只愤怒的狗时吓得浑身发抖。 ⑥The terrifying sound of the thunder made him jump out of his bed. 可怕的雷声让他从床上跳了起来。 2．描述性表述 ①He startled at the sudden noise, his heart pounding with fear. 突如其来的响声把他吓了一跳，心脏因恐惧而怦怦直跳。 ②A shiver of fear ran down his spine as he realized he had forgotten his lines for the school play. 当他意识到自己忘了学校戏剧的台词时，一阵恐惧传遍全身。 ③The crowd began to panic as the fire spread quickly through the building, trapping them inside. 当大火迅速在建筑内蔓延，将他们困在里面时，人群开始恐慌。 ④She was too scared to speak up in class, fearing that her classmates would laugh at her. 她不敢在课堂上发言，害怕同学们会嘲笑她。 ⑤Panic was evident in his voice as he desperately called for help, trapped within the elevator. 他被困在电梯里，绝望地呼救时，声音中透露出明显的恐慌。 ⑥Looking at the chaos he had caused, he was filled with horror, realizing that his chances of winning the competition were now gone. 看着自己造成的混乱局面，他感到惊惧万分，意识到自己赢得比赛的机会已经没了。 3．修辞式表述 ①Fear gripped his heart as he walked through the dark alley.(拟人) 当他走过黑暗的小巷时恐惧笼罩了他的心。 ②He let out a loud scream and jumped onto the bed, his heart racing like thunder.(夸张) 他发出一声尖叫，跳到床上，心跳如雷。 ③He jumped in surprise, almost knocked over the cup and then quickly ran away like an arrow.(比喻) 他惊讶地跳了起来，差点把杯子打翻，随后像箭一样飞快地跑开了。 ④Fear flooded her as she found herself completely alone in the vast, empty house, with no one to turn to for help.(拟人) 当她意识到自己独自一人待在空旷的大房子里，没有人可以求助时，恐惧感涌上心头。 Ⅲ.补写语段(先完成，再背诵)　 1．遭遇洪灾时的害怕与恐惧 As I fell asleep, I was awakened by the sound of rushing water.When I swung my legs off the bed, ①I_feel_cold_water_already_up_to_my_knees_in_panic (我惊恐地感到冰凉的河水已经到了我的膝盖处) and rising fast.②Fear_flooded_over_me (恐惧涌上我的心头)．Trembling, I grabbed my phone on the table and switched on the flashlight.③I_had_never_felt_so_scared (我从来没有感到如此害怕过)．Water was coming from the garden door.The nearby river must have violently burst its banks.④I_was_shaking_with_cold_and_fright (我又冷又怕，一直在发抖)．And now I had to get out — fast! With the water up to my waist, in bare feet I started to paddle to my only escape — the door leading to the outdoors. 2．野外遇熊时的害怕与恐惧 The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which was surrounded by a high wire fence.He pulled and bit the wire.He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence posts.①a_flood_of_fear_gripped_me (一阵恐惧笼罩着我) and I was unable to move an inch.②Extremely_frightened/panicked,_I_felt_my_legs_trembling_and_my_palms_sweating (惊恐不已，我觉得两腿发抖，手心冒汗)．Beside me was my wife, who was rooted to the ground, ③frozen_with_fear (吓呆了)．At the sight of the bear's bloody mouth, ④she_was_nearly_scared_to_death (她几乎被吓死了)．The furry creature launched an attack on the fence, instantly leaving a narrow opening on it.⑤We_felt_that_the_blood_in_our_body_cooled/froze_rapidly (我们感觉浑身的血液迅速凝固了) because of the terrible sight.⑥Our_throats_tightened_and_our_knees_felt_weak (我们喉咙发紧，膝盖无力)． 精读“Workbook”语篇·发掘命题导向———————————————(作为随堂训练使用)　 人教必修1　UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS “Workbook” 阅读语篇 |价值立意|考教衔接|　 本文以1906年旧金山大地震为历史镜鉴，通过目击者叙述呈现灾难的双重面相：既有摧毁性的自然力量，更有危机中迸发的人性秩序与互助精神。它与2021年北京高考C篇阅读形成深度对话——前者聚焦灾害中个体的坚韧与集体品格，后者探讨“灾前预警与科学应对”，共同构建了一个从“经历灾难”到“防范灾难”的完整认知闭环。这种双文本对读不仅呼应全球日益突出的灾害议题，更引导学生进行批判性联结：从历史创伤中理解生命韧性，在科技发展中思考防灾智慧，从而培育系统性的危机意识与社会责任感。 THE STORY OF AN EYEWITNESS (Adapted) The earthquake that hit San Francisco on April 18 shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars' worth of walls and chimneys (烟囱). But the fire that followed burned up hundreds of millions of dollars' worth of buildings and homes. Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone. The factories, the great stores and newspaper buildings, the hotels, and the great houses of the rich are all gone. On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. A moment later, the disaster was a fact. South of Market Street, in the working－class neighbourhoods and in the factories, fires started. Within an hour of the first quake, the smoke could be seen 100 miles away. The sun was red in the dark sky. There was no stopping the fires. The firefighters to whom the task was given did their best but there was no way to organise or communicate. The railway tracks were now useless and there was no water in water pipes. All of the ways man had made to keep the city safe were gone in the 30 seconds the earth moved. By Wednesday afternoon, half the heart of the city was gone. At that time, I watched the disaster from a ship on the bay (海湾). Out at sea it was calm. No wind came up.Yet from every direction — east, west, north, and south — strong winds blew upon the unlucky city and those whose homes had once stood in its green hills. Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Man himself had to make ruins of some of the city's best buildings so that they would not be a danger to those in the streets. Tens of thousands who had lost their homes left the city to look for shelter from the fires. Some were dressed only in blankets and carried the things that they had been able to rescue from the fires. But there were no fights and no pushing or shoving. Somehow this worst of disasters brought out the best in the survivors. Never in all of San Francisco's history were her people so kind as on this night of terror. |阅读理解|发掘命题导向 1．What can be inferred about the fire from the first two paragraphs？(　　) A．It was caused by the quake. B．It was put out by firefighters. C．It started in rich neighborhoods. D．It was more destructive than the quake. 2．Why does the author describe the sea as “calm” in paragraph 3？(　　) A．To contrast the city's chaos. B．To explain the wind's origin. C．To show the weather was fine. D．To stress the disaster's suddenness. 3．What do we know about the survivors？(　　) A．They stayed calm and kind. B．They fought for their safety. C．They rebuilt the city quickly. D．They lost all their belongings. 答案：1～3　DAA |培优素养|提升语言能力 一、建构主题词汇 1．earthquake n．　　　　 地震 2．destroy v. 摧毁；破坏 3．disaster n. 灾难；灾祸 4．safe adj. 安全的；平安的 5．ruin n. 废墟；毁灭 v. 毁坏 6．danger n. 危险；风险 7．shelter n. 避难所；庇护处 v. 庇护 8．rescue v．& n. 营救；救援 9．burn up 烧起来；烧掉 10．keep the city safe 保护城市安全 11．a danger to ... 对……构成危险 12．look for shelter 寻找避难所 13．bring out the best in the survivors 激发出幸存者最好的一面 二、语境辨析词义 1．(构词明义)survivor [学构词]　后缀－or主要用于构成名词，表示职业、身份或物品、抽象概念。 ①Somehow this worst of disasters brought out the best in the survivors.幸存者 ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn't assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.教育者 2．(一词多义)heart n．心；内心；核心；中心；信心 ①Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city.中心 ②(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.内心 3．(熟词生义)see v．[熟义]看见；看得见；看出；了解；理解；看待；探访 [生义](地点或时间)目睹，见证；送，护送 ①Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city.见证，目睹 ②My secretary will see you out.送，护送 三、习得亮点表达 Never in all of San Francisco's history were her people so kind as on this night of terror. 赏析：本句采用了“否定词置于句首引起部分倒装”的句式。倒装句式通过强调“从未有过”，极大突出了灾难之夜旧金山市民展现出的友善品质，与前文惨烈的灾难场景形成强烈对比，深化了“灾难激发出人性光辉”的主旨。 四、破译复杂长句 The firefighters to whom the task was given did their best but there was no way to organise or communicate. 抓标志 并列连词but；关系代词whom 判类型 并列复合句：分句1(含一个定语从句)＋but ＋分句2(含句式“there is/was no way ...”) 试翻译 被委以灭火任务的消防员竭尽全力，但组织与通信系统已完全瘫痪。 五、拓展文化认知 4·18旧金山地震：1906年4月18日旧金山发生的7.8级大地震，造成的地表破裂长度约470公里，后续发生的火灾将整个旧金山和地区其他城市付之一炬，是美国历史上主要城市遭受最严重的自然灾害之一。这场地震在地震学科发展史上地位举足轻重，围绕这次地震开展的研究成果开启了地震学科研究发展的曙光时代。[课时作业评价]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·山东部分重点中学联考)When one North Carolina woman, Taylor Schenker, found herself in possession of 200 family photos that didn't belong to her, she realized that she had to reunite the images with their owners.It became her mission. While Schenker's home weathered Hurricane Helene in September 2024, her friend's home in Asheville was destroyed by the flooding of the Swannanoa River.Schenker and her friend walked — the roads were blocked — to check the condition of the home. “We spent about four hours digging through the mud, looking for any belongings of hers we could find, because her house literally just doesn't exist any more，” Schenker told the reporter.“And during that process, I found about four out of five individual photographs and we laid out the photos along the bank, hoping they would be reunited with people.” She started the Photos from Helene online as a virtual lost and found and hoped that through the page and word of mouth, the photos could be reunited with their owners. Mary Moss lost her home and car to floodwaters and some of her photos were among the lost items.When someone hand－delivered the retrieved photos to her, she was overwhelmed.Schenker found the photos nearly three miles from Moss's home.The photos showed Tommy as a two－year－old angel playing with his brother. “It is just breathtaking，” Moss said.“This is one thing that the river didn't get to take — or didn't get to keep.” While tragedies like hurricanes and wildfires are devastating to the survivors, catastrophic events can bring people together and strengthen community bonds.Schenker has certainly risen to the occasion. “Disasters like this really bring out the best in people，” Moss said.“You know, I can laugh or I can cry about it — and I choose to laugh about it.Fortunately, we didn't lose the most important thing.That's life.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Taylor Schenker在飓风灾难后主动帮助他人寻回家人照片的故事。故事告诉我们灾难虽具破坏性，但也能激发人性中的善意与团结。 1．What can we know according to the first two paragraphs? A．Taylor Schenker's house was completely destroyed. B．Taylor found photos before checking her friend's home. C．Taylor decided to return the photos after finding them. D．Taylor found it difficult to reach her friend's home. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Schenker and her friend walked — the roads were blocked — to check the condition of the home.”可知，道路被洪水阻断，她们只能步行前往朋友的住所，这说明到达的过程非常困难。 2．Why did Taylor Schenker start the Photos from Helene online? A．To share her experience during Hurricane Helene. B．To show the damage caused by the hurricane. C．To reunite the found photos with their owners. D．To raise money for the flood－affected people. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段“She started the Photos from Helene online as a virtual lost and found and hoped that through the page and word of mouth, the photos could be reunited with their owners.”可知，她创建网页作为“虚拟的失物招领处”，希望通过页面和口口相传归还照片，让照片和它们的主人团聚。 3．What qualities do we know about Taylor Schenker? A．Caring and determined. B．Optimistic and humorous. C．Courageous and patient. D．Creative and independent. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第三段首句以及第四段可知，Taylor主动帮助朋友在废墟中寻找物品并坚持通过网页归还照片，体现了她“关怀别人”以及“性格坚定”。 4．What does the author want to tell us? A．Hurricanes and wildfires are the worst. B．Protect belongings in disasters. C．Disasters can bring people closer. D．Photos can bridge good friends. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，灾难可以促进人与人之间的联系，将人和人凝聚在一起。 B (适变创新命题：第8题从意义、启示角度深度考查文意推断) (2026·安徽部分学校联考)On a research trip to the high－Arctic archipelago of Svalbard in February 2025, scientists were not met by deep snow and biting cold — but by rain and puddles (水坑)．That isn't just a freak event — it's a sign of something bigger. The researchers from Queen Mary University of London and several European institutions have reported what they witnessed during their latest winter field campaign, confirming what climate models have warned about for years: Winters in the area of the world around the North Pole are warming fast and the shift is reshaping the entire environment. Svalbard is warming six to seven times faster than the global average.Winter temperatures in the region are rising nearly twice as fast as those in other seasons, which means the deep freeze once expected in January and February is giving way to strange thaws (融化)． “Standing in polls of water at the mouth of the glacier (冰川) felt like something happening in a dream，” said Dr James Bradley.“For the research trip, my team had prepared for subzero temperatures. We packed heavy gloves, warm clothes and snowmobiles, but we ended up working barehanded in the rain, on a glacier.” Laura Molares Moncayo, a PhD student at Queen Mary and the Natural History Museum, was on a mission to study freshly fallen snow.“But over a two－week period, we were only able to collect fresh snow once.The unexpected thaws not only interrupted our sampling plan, but also made us question how safe or possible winter fieldwork really is under such rapidly changing conditions，” she said. These changes don't just make it harder to do science — they cause widespread effects across entire ecosystems.Microbial carbon cycling is disturbed, greenhouse gases that were once locked underground begin to escape and some of these effects worsen warming. Climate policies must catch up to the reality that the Arctic is changing much faster than expected, and winter is at the heart of that shift.More investment is needed in Arctic monitoring during winter.Undoubtedly, policymakers need to shift from reacting to events after they happen to planning for them ahead of time. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。2025年2月，科学家们前往北极高纬度的斯瓦尔巴群岛开展考察时，迎接他们的并非厚厚的积雪和刺骨严寒，而是降雨和水坑。这不仅是奇怪的现象——还是一个更严峻问题的征兆。 5．What does the underlined word “freak” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Inspirational.　　　　 B．Virtual. C．Odd. D．Temporary. 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词前“... scientists were not met by deep snow and biting cold — but by rain and puddles”及第三段中的“Winter temperatures in the region are rising nearly twice as fast as those in other seasons, which means the deep freeze once expected in January and February is giving way to strang thaws.”可推断，画线词所在句表示这不仅仅是一个奇怪的事件，故画线词意为“奇怪的”。 6. What did Dr James Bradley say about his research trip in Svalbard? A．It's very dangerous to do that fieldwork. B．Climate change makes the research easier. C．Better preparations should have been made. D．What he experienced there was unexpected. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段Dr James Bradley所说的话可知，站在冰川口的水泊里像是做梦一样，他们之前为零下气候准备的保暖装备都没有用到。由此可推断，Dr James Bradley在斯瓦尔巴群岛的科研之旅体验出乎意料。 7．What can we learn about Laura Molares Moncayo? A．She was relieved to see thaws in the Arctic. B．She didn't finish her task perfectly in Svalbard. C．She was badly hurt during the research trip. D．She collected enough samples for her mission. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The unexpected thaws not only interrupted our sampling plan ...”可推断，Laura Molares Moncayo在斯瓦尔巴群岛未能完美地完成自己的任务。 8．What is the author's main purpose in writing the last paragraph? A．To show sincere praise. B．To call for urgent action. C．To confirm an assumption. D．To picture a dark future. 解析：选B　文章写作意图的推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是“Climate policies must catch up to the reality ... More investment is needed ... Undoubtedly, policymakers need to shift from reacting to events after they happen to planning for them ahead of time.”可推断，作者在最后一段旨在呼吁采取紧急行动。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(关注课标新增主题：生命安全) (2026·驻马店模拟)It is far too common that people are caught off guard by a snowstorm or some other attacks of wintry weather.Snowstorms can lead anyone to life－threatening situations, especially if one gets stuck outside for extended periods.__9__ If you're driving to a place where snowstorms might happen, having the right clothing is crucial.The Red Cross says, “Wear layered clothing, gloves, and a hat.__10__” Even if it doesn't look that cold or threatening when you depart, bring along enough warm clothing in case weather changes unexpectedly. __11__ In it should be a survival blanket, road salt, a shovel, a flashlight, and a cell phone charger.Check the tire pressure and gas, and bring along enough food and water. If the weather becomes severe, move your car to the closest gas station or hotel.__12__ If your car gets stuck in the snow but conditions are safe enough, use the shovel in the kit to dig the tire out and the salt to melt the snow.If this does not work, call for emergency services. 　13　 Never, never walk for help during a snowstorm.Stay in the vehicle, run the motor for about 10 minutes each hour for heat.Conserve your energy and ration any food or water you have.Stay calm, and believe that the rescuers are on the way. A．If there's none nearby, just pull over. B．Open the window a crack for fresh air. C．They will prevent the loss of body heat. D．Under no circumstance should you leave your vehicle. E．Make sure you have a fully stocked safety kit in your car. F．Then, what should we do if unfortunately stuck in a snowstorm? G．So, what protective measures shall we take to prevent the danger? 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在暴风雪中应该采取的防护措施。 9．选G　上文提到，暴风雪可能将任何人置于生死攸关的境地，尤其是长时间被困在户外时。再结合下文介绍的一些在暴风雪中可以采取的防护措施可知，G项 “那么，我们应该采取什么保护措施来防止危险呢？”承上启下，符合语境。 10．选C　上文提到，要多穿几层衣物，佩戴手套和帽子。故C项“它们可以防止身体热量散失”承接上文，符合语境。 11．选E　下文提到，里面应该有救生毯、路盐、铲子、手电筒和手机充电器。检查轮胎压力和汽油，并带上足够的食物和水。故E项“确保你的车里有一个装备齐全的安全工具包”引领下文，符合语境。 12．选A　上文提到，如果天气变得恶劣，把你的车开到最近的加油站或旅馆。故A项“如果附近没有，就靠边停车”承接上文，符合语境。 13．选D　根据下文提到的“在暴风雪中，千万不要步行去寻求帮助。待在车里……保存你的体力……保持冷静……”可知，D项“在任何情况下你都不应该离开你的车”衔接下文，符合语境。 76 / 76 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $