必修2 Unit 4 第2课时 培优.阅读表达(Word教参)-【新高考方案】2027年高考英语一轮总复习（译林版）

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考阅读表达核心考点，涵盖with复合结构、拟人修辞等句型运用，人物描写语块积累与升格表达，以及读后续写语段建构，按“基础句型-语段详写-语篇精读”逻辑层次展开。通过考点解读、句式变换练习、真题语篇分析等环节，帮助学生系统掌握读写技巧，突破难点。 资料以语言能力和思维品质培养为核心，创新设计“解读规则-习练规则-应用写美”句型训练，人物描写从直陈式到修辞式升格，配合补写语段填空练习。设置分层阅读任务与真题演练，助力学生在有限时间内提升读写综合素养，为教师精准把控复习节奏提供实用指导。

第2课时　培优·阅读表达 学教材佳句·把句子写美　 句型1　with复合结构 |解|读|规|则| (1)“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的复合结构常在句中作状语，有时也可作定语。用法如下： with＋宾语＋ 宾语补足语 (2)在“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，不定式表示将来的动作；现在分词说明这一动作和前面的宾语之间是主动关系，且指这一动作正在进行；过去分词说明这一动作与前面的宾语之间是被动关系，且指这一动作已完成。 |习|练|规|则|　(变换句式) ①Because a guide will show us around the scenic spots, we're sure to have a good time. →With_a_guide_to_show_us_around_the_scenic_spots,_we're sure to have a good time. ②He concentrated his mind on his work and didn't notice what was happening outside. →With_his_mind_concentrated_on_his_work,_he didn't notice what was happening outside. |应|用|写|美| ③(景物描写)公园里充满了春天的清新和美丽，阳光照耀、鸟儿歌唱。 The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring, with_the_sun_shining_and_birds_singing. ④(心理描写)在这么令人害怕的情况下没有一个可以求助的人，她感到很无助。 With_no_one_to_turn_to in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless. 句型2　拟人修辞 |教|材|佳|句| We must know all these, if the book is to speak its whole message.如果要了解一本书所传递的全部信息，我们就必须了解所有这些内容。 [赏析]　本句中运用了拟人的修辞手法，形象地表达了书籍对信息的传达。拟人修辞使所描写的事物具有人的言行和思想感情，更生动、逼真。 |应|用|写|美| ①秋叶在入睡前写下了告别的信函。 Autumn leaves wrote_goodbye_letters before falling asleep. ②雨滴轻轻敲打着窗户，像是在弹奏一首悠扬的曲子。 The raindrops tapped_gently_against_the_window,_as if playing a melodious tune. 建构语义网·把语段写详　 读后续写·写作序列(5)——人物描写之“人物性格与品行” Ⅰ.积累语块(加黑词汇为本单元词汇复现)　 1．an earnest young man　　　 非常认真的年轻人 2．a man of few words 沉默寡言的人 3．possess a sense of humour 有幽默感 4．be of a determined character 具有果断的性格 5．a man of great resolution 非常果断的人 6．a noble and unselfish soul 一个无私、高尚的人 7．a very capable tutor 一位能力很强的导师 8．be sensitive to other people's feelings 体恤他人的感受 9．devote oneself to the cause of education 献身于教育事业 10．treat others with kindness and generosity 待人慷慨善良 Ⅱ.升格表达　 1．直陈式表述 ①Her diligence is well－known. 她的勤奋是众所周知的。 ②He has a strong sense of responsibility. 他有强烈的责任感。 ③He has an air of self－confidence about him. 他身上有一种自信的气质。 ④She is a very quiet girl, often found reading quietly in the corner. 她是一个非常文静的女孩，经常被发现静静地在角落里看书。 ⑤His friendliness towards others makes it easy for him to make friends. 他对他人的友善使他很容易交到朋友。 ⑥Because of his carelessness, he often makes mistakes in his homework and exams. 由于他的粗心，他经常在作业和考试中出错。 2．描述性表述 ①The little girl is so lively that she can't stay still for a minute. 这个小女孩太活泼了，一分钟都静不下来。 ②The girl is a bit timid, often hiding behind others when strangers approach. 这个女孩有点腼腆，当陌生人靠近时，她经常躲在别人后面。 ③She is a highly intelligent student, always coming up with unique ideas in class. 她是一个非常聪慧的学生，在课堂上总是能想出独特的主意。 ④After going through so many failures, his determination has never been shaken. 经历了这么多失败后，他的决心从未动摇。 ⑤He stood tall in the face of adversity, shouldering the burdens of others and leading by example. 在逆境面前，他挺身而出，主动承担他人的负担，以身作则。 ⑥She always has a big smile on her face, and her eyes are full of optimism as if nothing can bring her down. 她脸上总是挂着灿烂的笑容，眼中充满了乐观，仿佛没有什么能让她消沉。 ⑦She is a girl of remarkable courage, always ready to take on challenges that others avoid. 她是一个有着超凡勇气的女孩，总是准备好迎接其他人避而远之的挑战。 3．修辞式表述 ①His kindness is like warm sun, shining on everyone around him.(比喻) 他的善良就像温暖的太阳，照耀着身边的每一个人。 ②Her determination is like a beacon of light, guiding her through the darkest moments.(比喻) 她的决心就像一盏明灯，指引她渡过最黑暗的时刻。 ③He is a warm－hearted soul and always ready to lend a listening ear or a helping hand.(借代) 他心地善良，总是乐于倾听或伸出援手。 ④He was a magician of joy, always making people around him laugh and forgetting their troubles.(比喻) 他是快乐的魔法师，总能让身边的人开怀大笑，忘却烦恼。 Ⅲ.补写语段(先完成，再背诵)　 1．承担起推广阅读责任的Sadiya Sadiya, a college girl ①with_a_strong_sense_of_social_responsibility (有着强烈的社会责任感), has been always ready to ②lend_a_helping_hand_to_those_in_need (向需要的人伸出援手)．When she returned her ancestral village with her father, she found children there lacked enough reading materials.Used to taking on challenges, Sadiya ③was_determined_to_set_up_a_library_for_them (决心为他们建立一个图书馆)．She posted her idea online and ④called_on_people_to_donate_books (呼吁人们捐赠书籍) to the children library.Although she met many failures, ⑤her_determination_has_never_been_shaken (她的决心从未动摇)． 2．意志坚定、乐观坚强的Gleen “Mom, Dad, I will make it，” Gleen smiled at his parents, ①his_eyes_full_of_determination (他的眼睛里充满了决心)．He kept practicing standing up and walking with the help of his parents.He fell countless times and then stood up again.He always had a big smile on his face ②as_if_nothing_can_bring_him_down (仿佛没有什么能让他消沉)．③His_determination_is_like_a_beacon_of_light (他的决心就像一盏明灯), guiding him to keep moving forward.He did regain the ability to first stand up by himself, then to walk unsteadily, then to walk by himself, and finally to run.He proved that ④nothing_is_impossible_to_a_willing_heart (有志者，事竟成)． 精读“Workbook”语篇·发掘命题导向———————————————(作为随堂训练使用)　 译林必修2　UNIT 4　Exploring literature “Workbook” 阅读语篇 |价值立意|考教衔接|　 本文呼应“信息过载时代如何深度阅读”这一社会议题，直面碎片化阅读对思维完整性的冲击。其与2020年全国卷Ⅰ的B篇阅读形成多维对话：两者皆突破工具性阅读观，引领学生从“信息获取”迈向“意义建构”，理解阅读如何通过跨越时空的对话塑造精神格局。选文最终指向学生阅读主体性的确立——通过自主选择与沉浸体验，使阅读真正成为滋养生命、提升境界的终身习惯，为应对时代复杂性储备内在力量。 　 The pleasures of reading By Bennett Cerf All the wisdom of the ages, all the stories that have delighted mankind for centuries, are easily and cheaply available to all of us within the covers of books — but we must know how to avail ourselves of this_treasure and how to get the most from it. I am most interested in people, in meeting them and finding out about them. Some of the most remarkable people I've met existed only in a writer's imagination, then on the pages of his book, and then, again, in my imagination. I've found in books new friends, new societies, new worlds. If I am interested in people, others are interested not so much in “who” as in “how”. “Who” in the books includes everybody from science－fiction superman two hundred centuries in the future all the way back to the first figures in history. “How” covers everything from the explanations of Sherlock Holmes to the discoveries of science and ways of teaching manners to children. Reading is a pleasure of the mind, which means that it is a little like a sport: your eagerness and knowledge and quickness make you a good reader. Reading is fun, not because the writer is telling you something, but because it makes your mind work. Your own imagination works along with the author's or even goes beyond his. Your experience, compared with his, brings you to the same or different conclusions, and your ideas develop as you understand his. Every book stands by itself, like a one－family house, but books in a library are like houses in a city. Although they are separate, together they all add up to something; they are connected with each other and with other cities. The same ideas, or related ones, turn up in different places; the human problems that repeat themselves in life repeat themselves in literature, but with different solutions according to different writings at different times. Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be. If you concentrate on books somebody tells you you “ought to” read, you probably won't have fun. But if you put down a book you don't like and try another till you find one that means something to you, and then relax with it, you will almost certainly have a good time — and if you become, as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder, or gentler, you won't have suffered during the process. |阅读理解|发掘命题导向 1．What does the underlined part “this treasure” in paragraph 1 refer to？(　　) A．Wisdom and stories in books. B．New friends from reading. C．Cheap books in the market. D．Libraries with many books. 2．Why does the author mention “new friends, new societies, new worlds”？(　　) A．To compare books with real life. B．To explain why people love reading. C．To show books expand one's vision. D．To prove books help make real friends. 3．What is the ultimate purpose of choosing the books you like according to the author？(　　) A．Faster reading. B．Avoiding difficulties. C．Others' recognition. D．Personal improvement. 答案：1～3　ACD |培优素养|提升语言能力 一、建构主题词汇 1．wisdom n．　　　　　　　　 智慧 2．delight v. 使喜悦 3．treasure n. 宝藏，财富 4．remarkable adj. 非凡的 5．imagination n. 想象力 6．figure n. 人物 7．explanation n. 解释，说明 8．pleasure n. 乐趣 9．conclusion n. 结论 10．literature n. 文学 11．a writer's imagination 作家的想象力 12．bring you to conclusions 引导你得出结论 13．turn up in different places 在不同地方出现 二、语境辨析词义 1．(构词明义)discovery [学构词]　名词后缀－y表示“具有某种特征”或“与……相关的群体”。 ①“How” covers everything from the explanations of Sherlock Holmes to the discoveries of science and ways of teaching manners to children.发现 ②(2025·北京高考)They themselves don't know why they are following the crowd and longing for the pressures of academic difficulty.困难 2．(一词多义)develop v．发展，变化；开发；加强；研制；出现(问题)；使(胶卷)显影； 患(病)；修建；详尽阐述 ①Your experience, compared with his, brings you to the same or different conclusions, and your ideas develop as you understand his.发展，变化 ②(2025·北京高考)Community Booster: Guiding you to develop innovative solutions for real－world challenges and create transformative progress to benefit all communities.开发 3．(熟词生义)cover [熟义]v.覆盖，遮盖 [生义]v.处理；涉及；报道；占；行走；足够支付n.封面；被子；遮盖 ①All the wisdom of the ages, all the stories that have delighted mankind for centuries, are easily and cheaply available to all of us within the covers of books.n.封面 ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material？v.处理 三、习得亮点表达 1．Reading is fun, not because the writer is telling you something, but because it makes your mind work. 赏析：本句通过“not because ... but because ...”的对比结构，将阅读的被动接受(作者告知)与主动思考(思维运转)形成鲜明对比，突出阅读的核心价值在于激发读者自身的认知活动。 2．Every book stands by itself, like a one－family house, but books in a library are like houses in a city. 赏析：本句运用了明喻这一修辞手法，将单本书比作“独栋房屋”(one－family house)，将图书馆中的书比作“城市中的房屋”(houses in a city)，通过建筑意象的类比，生动展现了书籍个体独立性与群体关联性的辩证关系。 四、破译复杂长句 1．All the wisdom of the ages, all the stories that have delighted mankind for centuries, are easily and cheaply available to all of us within the covers of books — but we must know how to avail ourselves of this treasure and how to get the most from it. 抓标志 关系代词that；破折号(表语意转换)；并列连词but 判类型 并列复合句：分句1(含一个定语从句)＋but＋分句2(含两个“疑问词＋to do”结构) 试翻译 自古以来所有的智慧结晶，以及几个世纪以来令人类愉悦的故事，都通过书籍这一载体，以便捷且廉价的方式为我们所有人所拥有——但我们必须懂得如何利用这一宝藏，并从中获得最大收益。 2．But if you put down a book you don't like and try another till you find one that means something to you, and then relax with it, you will almost certainly have a good time — and if you become, as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder, or gentler, you won't have suffered during the process. 抓标志 并列连词and(连接两个并列分句)；2个从属连词if；从属连词till；关系代词that 判类型 并列复合句：分句1(含“条件状语从句＋时间状语从句＋定语从句”)＋and＋分句2(含条件状语从句) 试翻译 但如果你放下不喜欢的书，尝试另一本，直到找到一本对你有意义的书，然后轻松地沉浸其中，你几乎一定会度过一段美好时光——而如果你通过阅读变得更优秀、更睿智、更善良、更温和，那么在这个过程中，你便不会感到痛苦。 五、拓展文化认知 Sherlock Holmes：福尔摩斯是英国作家阿瑟·柯南·道尔爵士塑造的维多利亚时代著名侦探形象。他并非真实的历史人物，而是文学虚构的典范。其标志性特征包括居住在伦敦贝克街221B号、使用逻辑演绎法以及通过观察细微物证(如烟灰、笔迹等)破解谜团。这一形象集中体现了工业革命后期英国社会对理性、科学与秩序的高度推崇，并开创了现代侦探小说的先河。 [课时作业评价]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·天津滨海新区模拟)The library of Pharaoh Ramesses Ⅱ is said to have borne the inscription (碑文) “the house of healing for the soul”．Dylan Thomas, an English writer, reportedly liked to relax by reading Agatha Christie's detective novels.A famous short－story writer claimed, it was War and Peace that helped her get through the toughest times; when she launched a virtual reading group of Leo Tolstoy's masterpiece, 3,000 people signed up. In recent years, a growing body of research has backed up the idea that books not only entertain, but also help us recover and grow.They offer companionship to the lonely, insight to the anxious, and release to those who feel trapped. This feature has motivated Ann Cleeves to turn her attention to the old long－lasting bibliotherapy.She then co－sponsored such a program in northeast England, working with public health teams.Bibliotherapy is an approach using books and other forms of literature to improve a patient's mental health.A review of several studies found such programs have a long－term effect on people's well－being. But Cleeves has a broader idea in mind.Writing for The Guardian, she described how reading and writing fiction helped her understand her own response and allowed her to escape into a different world.The reading coaches will match their patients with appropriate poetry and novels as well as non－fiction based on patients' condition, and will introduce them to librarians and other readers.After all, what's uplifting to one reader will seem twee (花哨的) to another and what one finds unpleasant may be reassuring to the next. For Cleeves, it is happy to see people seek self－discovery in the world of books.Some may respond to children's classic The Secret Garden; others will recognize themselves in Toni Morrison's novels.An ancient idea has found fresh resonance (共鸣)． 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了书籍不仅具有娱乐功能，还可以帮助人们恢复和成长。Ann Cleeves资助了一个阅读疗法项目，为这种古老的疗法赋予了新的生命。 1．What did Dylan Thomas and the famous short－story writer have in common? A．They sought inspiration in foreign countries. B．They turned to books for spiritual comfort. C．They had a great influence on the world literature. D．They once launched a reading group during tough times. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Dylan Thomas ... it was War and Peace that helped her get through the toughest times”可知，他们都通过书籍寻求精神慰藉。 2．What inspired Ann Cleeves to co－sponsor the program? A．The healing power of books. B．The support from public health teams. C．The popularity of the program among people. D．The lack of such a program in northeast England. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段及第三段前两句可知，是书籍的治愈能力激励Ann Cleeves共同赞助长期阅读疗法项目。 3．How does a reading coach play his or her role? A．By suiting specific books to patients. B．By helping librarians sort out all kinds of books. C．By assisting readers in writing their own fiction. D．By recording readers' response to different books. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The reading coaches will match their patients with appropriate poetry and novels as well as non－fiction based on patients' condition, and will introduce them to librarians and other readers.”可知，阅读教练通过为患者匹配合适的书籍来发挥作用。 4．Which of the following can serve as the best title of this text? A．Virtual reading groups: the rising industry in lockdown B．An inscription: the house of healing for the soul C．Novel reading: two sides to mental troubles D．Bibliotherapy: an old idea finds new life 解析：选D　标题归纳题。根据第三段中的“This feature has motivated Ann Cleeves to turn her attention to the old long－lasting bibliotherapy.”以及最后一段中的“An ancient idea has found fresh resonance.”可知，本文主要介绍了古老的阅读疗法得到了新的共鸣。故D项“阅读疗法：古老理念焕发新生”适合作文章标题。 B (2026·湖南名校联盟模拟)I've written at length about how playful writing exercises gave me my career (as an internationally bestselling and award－winning novelist published in over thirty languages)．Given how necessary this practice has been to my successes — I know it's worth it to make time to play. There are a lot of reasons why, but the most important one is also the hardest to explain, because it has to do with the mystery of creativity itself.Where do ideas come from or, having come, how do they grow? What is imagination, and how do we level up, get to the good stuff deep within ourselves? How do we get to that place beyond worry and plot and analysis, where story lives and breathes and characters come to life and language blooms and sparks? Me, I don't get there easily.I've always struggled with perfectionism.For years, “writing” for me meant polishing sentences to a high gloss while daydreaming about the books I would one day write.There was a huge disconnect between my fantasy future career and my actual habits and practice.But eventually the absurdity of that disconnect became so glaring that I had to either get past it or give up the dream, and that's when I started developing strategies to actually write not just high－gloss sentences, but stories, even novels. I got there by going around my perfectionism, and the best way I know to do that is: yeah, playful writing exercises.They allow me to fall into a much deeper well of creativity, even sometimes into that mysterious place where it feels like it's not coming “from” me but “through” me.It honestly feels like magic. To make a long explanation short: A practice of playful, non－goal－oriented writing exercise can loosen you up and even train your brain to access a flow state, with huge benefits that are necessary both for your spirit and your work. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者分享如何通过趣味写作练习克服完美主义，进入深度创意状态，从而提升写作灵感和作品质量。 5. Why does the author ask the questions in paragraph 2? A．To turn to readers for answers. B．To criticize traditional writing. C．To stress the complexity of creativity. D．To show off his talents and achievements. 解析：选C　推理判断题。第二段中作者提出一系列关于创意来源和想象力本质的抽象问题，如“Where do ideas come from or, having come, how do they grow? What is imagination ...”，旨在强调创造力的神秘性和复杂性。 6．What problem did the author face in the early writing practice? A．Focusing too much on perfecting sentences. B．Lack of creative ideas and writing skills. C．Feeling confused about the future career. D．Pressure from international publishers. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I've always struggled with perfectionism.For years, ‘writing’ for me meant polishing sentences to a high gloss while daydreaming about the books I would one day write.”可知，作者在早期的写作实践中过于注重句子的完美性。 7．How does the author describe the feeling of accessing deep creativity? A．A magical outcome. B．A well－designed plan. C．A tough experience. D．An easy practice process. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It honestly feels like magic.”可知，作者将获得深度创造力时的那种感觉描述为一个神奇的结果。 8．What is the best title for the text? A．Writing for Best－sellers B．Creating Successful Novels C．Perfectionism in Writing D．Unlocking Creativity Through Play 解析：选D　标题归纳题。根据第四段中的“I got there by going around my perfectionism, and the best way I know to do that is: yeah, playful writing exercises.”并结合文章主要讲述了作者分享如何通过趣味写作练习克服完美主义，进入深度创意状态，从而提升写作灵感和作品质量可知，D项“通过游戏激发创造力”适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2026·深圳模拟)In literature, flat and round characters offer distinct approaches to character development.Flat characters are defined by a singular symbolic characteristic.__9__ For example, the evil stepmothers in traditional fairy tales are flat characters, serving to drive the story with their simplicity. By contrast, Jia Baoyu in Dream of the Red Chamber exemplifies (举例说明) round characters, defined by inner conflicts, contradictions, and personal growth.__10__ They reflect the unpredictability of humanity, making them more relatable and dynamic to readers. In earlier literary works, flat characters often symbolized heroic ideals, such as the brave heroes in The Odyssey.As society moves away from idealized heroes, literature focuses more on characters' personal struggles, reflecting how writers began to see humanity in a more complex way.With the rise of realism in the 19th century, round characters gained popularity, as seen in Jane Eyre, which allowed for the exploration of personal identity and internal conflict.__11__ However, not every character that appears in a story needs to be deep.　12　 Imagine the main character is taking a taxi to a hotel.If we make the taxi driver a round character, the focus could shift from the main character to the taxi driver, potentially taking attention away from the main plot. __13__ They together create tension and richness in a literary work.Flat characters provide clarity and focus, simplifying themes and making them accessible to readers.Meanwhile, round characters reveal human complexity, showing life beyond black and white. A．Neither type of characters is better than the other. B．Such characters stand out for complexity and depth. C．We don't get heartfelt backstory to enrich their roles. D．If flat characters are round, they may “steal the show”． E．This shows how literature reflects evolving social views. F．Round characters are more engaging than flat characters. G．They are more like a spotlight, drawing attention to one aspect. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了文学作品中扁平人物和圆形人物的特点及作用。 9．选G　上文解释了扁平人物的定义。故G项“他们更像聚光灯，聚焦于某个特质”承接上文，符合语境。选项中的“They”指代上文中的“Flat characters”。 10．选B　上文提到圆形人物的特点。故B项“此类角色以复杂性与深度著称”承接上文，符合语境。 11．选E　上文提到了文学作品中圆形人物的流行以及现实主义的影响。故E项“这显示了文学如何反映不断变化的社会观点”承接上文，指出了文学作品与社会观点之间的关联，符合语境。 12．选D　上文提出了一个观点，即并非所有角色都需要有深度，下文进行了举例说明。故D项“如果扁平人物变得圆润，他们可能会‘抢镜’”承上启下，符合语境。 13．选A　下文讨论了扁平人物和圆形人物在文学作品中的共同作用。故A项“这两类角色并无优劣之分”符合语境，提出了一个概括性的观点。 75 / 80 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $