必修1 Unit 2 第1课时 固基.语言知识(Word教参)-【新高考方案】2027年高考英语一轮总复习（译林版）

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考核心考点，整合基础词汇、语法应用及语篇理解模块，按“词汇自查-重点深化-语境活用-题型突破”逻辑架构知识体系。通过易错微点梳理、内存卡方法总结、真题（如2024联考卷）训练等环节，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，精准突破词汇辨析、语法应用等难点。 资料以语境化学习和分层训练为特色，如通过“spot”“shoot”等多义词的语境辨义题培养思维品质，结合“anxious”句型转换提升语言能力。设置基础自查、重点深化、真题演练三级练习，配合即时反馈策略，能在有限时间内强化学生应试技能，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

“教材单元语基背诵与默写”见学生用书《语基背诵与默写》分册P4。课前先过“识记关”哦！ |主|题|语|境|建|构| 第1课时　固基·语言知识 一、基础词汇·自查自纠　 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Being addicted to the Internet will have a negative effect on students' mental (精神的) and physical health. 2．It's normal (正常的) for you to feel nervous when you go on the platform for the first time. 3．Members of the team have regular (有规律的) training on every afternoon from 3：30 to 5：00. 4．Instead of being passive (被动的) audience, they have become active participants. 5．The author earned his fame through several popular tales of adventure (冒险)． 6．The team's victory produced scenes (场面) of joy all over the country. 7．Graduates (毕业生) from our school are working all over the island. 8．You can withdraw money from the account (账户) at any time without penalty. 9．The university will reach its target (目标) of 5,000 students next September. 10．There was no one at the reception desk, so he pressed (按) a bell for service. 11．To get an education, he was struggling (斗争) against many difficulties. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．(2024·1月新高考9省联考卷)Katherine was awed by Maya's performance (perform), realizing that she had underestimated the dolphin's intelligence. 2．Find out what situations or people make you feel stressed (stress) and avoid them. 3．I just know he's really sick and needs an operation (operate)． 4．As a designer (design), I felt responsible for showcasing these masterpieces to the world. 5．If you are looking for some exciting and new music, download the app designed for young people. 6．Unlike most trees, this one bends in the middle, struggling to_grow (grow) to get more sunshine. 7．Kate was in a hurry to grow up, eager for knowledge and experience. 8．The chief editor (edit) welcomes correspondence from readers on any subject. 9．Over the last 30 years, the number of people taking part in voluntary (volunteer) work has increased sharply. 10．Millions of people donated money in response (respond) to the appeal for the victims of the earthquake. 易错微点　 1．stress用作动词有“强调，着重”之意，stress the importance of表示“强调……的重要性”；用作名词表示“精神压力，紧张；强调”，under stress意为“在压力下”。形容词stressful常用来描述某事物或情况是“有压力的”或“造成压力的”，stressed则通常表示某人感到“焦虑不安的”。 2．design的常见搭配为by design“故意地”，等同于on purpose。 3．表示“对……作出反应”时，respond to、 make a response to为动词短语，能够充当谓语；in response to则是介词短语，在句中作状语。 Ⅲ.语境辨义(将对应词义的代码填在横线上) 1．spot　 A．n.污迹　 B．n.地点　 C．v.看出　 D．n.斑点 ①Can you spot the difference between these two pictures？__C__ ②The male bird has a red spot on its beak.__D__ ③His jacket was covered with spots of mud.__A__ ④He showed the police the exact spot where his father had been knocked down by a car.__B__ 2．shoot　 A．v.射击　　 B．v.(使)快速移动，猛冲(生义) C．v.拍摄　　 D．v.射门，投篮　　E．v.发射 ①It is said that his latest film will be shot in New Zealand.__C__ ②A time limit was set for a team to shoot at the basket.__D__ ③One more look and he noticed flames shooting out from the vehicle.__B__ ④The country plans to shoot another missile，which annoys its neighbouring countries.__E__ 3．account　 A．n.账目　 B．n.账号；账户　 C．n.叙述；报道 D．v.解释　 E．v.认为是，视为 ①We all account him a qualified teacher.__E__ ②I didn't have a bank account until I was admitted to the university.__B__ ③He takes care of the business and his wife keeps the accounts.__A__ ④The eyewitness gave a detailed account of what had just happened.__C__ ⑤He refused to account for the reason why he was late again.__D__ 二、重点词汇·深化学习　 1．anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的 ①China with a long history and rich culture has always attracted those who are anxious for anything about China. ②We are anxious to_take (take) advantage of various online courses for further study. ③If you're worried about your health, share all your anxieties (anxious) with your doctor. ④(动作描写)He slid to the window of the hut, raised himself on tiptoe, and was anxious to know what happened. →He slid to the window of the hut, raised himself on tiptoe, anxious_to_know_what_happened.(升级为形容词作状语) [内存卡] (1)be anxious about sth./for sb. 为某事/某人担心/担忧 be anxious to do sth. 急于/渴望做某事 be anxious for ...　 渴望…… (2)anxiety n. 忧虑；担心；渴望 anxiously adv.(＝with anxiety) 焦虑地 2．desire n．&vt.渴望，希望 ①(内涵丰富句)Everyone has_a_desire_for_success while success only belongs to the hard－working people.(desire n．) 每个人都渴望成功，而成功只属于勤奋的人。 ②(“申请信”范句)Hearing a marathon will be held in our city, I_desire_to_have_the_chance to become a volunteer.(desire v．) 听说我们市要举办一次马拉松比赛，我渴望有机会成为一名志愿者。 ③我们希望领队(tour leader)及时通知我们计划的任何变化。(一句多译) →We_desire_that_the_tour_leader_(should)_inform_us_of any change in plans in time.(desire v．) →We_have_a_desire_that_the_tour_leader_(should)_inform_us_of any change in plans in time.(desire n．) [内存卡] (1)have a strong desire to do sth. 迫切想要做某事 have a strong desire for sth. 急于得到某物 meet/satisfy one's desire 满足某人的愿望 (2)desire to do sth.　 渴望做某事 desire sb.to do sth. 希望某人做某事 desire that ...(should) do sth. 希望……做某事 3．likely adj.可能的，预料的，有希望的adv.可能地 ①It is likely that you will make your friends feel embarrassed if you don't know Chinese table manners. ②If you don't interview well, you are unlikely (likely) to get the job. ③(写作话题：学校生活)如果你能找到合适的学习方法，你就有可能提高学习效率。(一句多译) →If you can find suitable learning methods, you_are_likely_to_improve_your_learning_ efficiency. →If you can find suitable learning methods, it's_likely/possible/probable_that_you_will _improve_your_learning_efficiency. →If you can find suitable learning methods, it_is_possible_for_you_to_improve_your_ learning_efficiency. [内存卡] (1)be likely to　 　 有可能……；有希望…… It is likely that ... 有可能…… sb.is likely to do sth. 某人有可能做某事 not likely 绝不可能；绝对不会 (2)unlikely adj. 不大可能发生的 be unlikely to ... 不可能…… 联想发散：possible常用于句型It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.或It is possible that ...；probable常用于句型It's probable that ...，不能用于It's probable for sb.to do sth.这一结构。 4.concern n．担心，忧虑；关心vt.涉及；让(某人)担忧 ①Concerned (concern) about the student, the teacher called his parents to find out why he was so often absent from class. ②Various questions concerning (concern) pollution and the environment were put forward at the meeting. ③(写作话题：环境保护)Environmental protection has been one of the_global_concerns.It is a major issue that is_concerned_with every one.Now an increasing number of people are_concerned_about/for the environment and global conferences concerning_environmental_ protection take place regularly.As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_we will have a bluer sky in the near future. 环境保护一直是全球焦点之一。这是一个与每个人都息息相关的重大问题。现在，越来越多的人关注环境，而且有关环境保护的全球会议定期举行。在我看来，在不久的将来，我们将会拥有更蔚蓝的天空。 [内存卡] (1)have no concern with ... 和……无关 show concern for/about ... 对……表示关心 (2)concern oneself about ...　 关心…… concern oneself in ... 介入/卷入…… (3)concerned adj. 担心的；关切的 be concerned about/for　 关心…… be concerned with 与……有关，涉及 as/so far as ...be concerned 就……而言 (4)concerning prep. 关于，涉及 名师指津：concerned作形容词用作前置定语时，意为“关心的；担忧的”；作后置定语时，意为“有关的；相关的”。 5．argue vi.争吵，争辩，争论vt.说理，论证 ①Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different. ②I regretted arguing with her about such a small question. ③After a heated argument (argue) with his parents, Tom left home with anger, walking aimlessly. ④(细节描写)We tried many ways to argue_him_into_accepting_our_advice,_ but in vain. 我们想方设法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。 ⑤It's no use arguing_with_him_about/over_the_question for he won't change his opinion. 和他争论这个问题是没有用的，因为他不会改变自己的观点。 [内存卡] (1)argue with sb.about/over sth. 因某事与某人争论 argue for/against (doing) sth. 据理力争/反对(做)某事 argue sb.into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事 (2)argument n. 争吵，争论；论点 It is beyond argument that ... 无可争辩的是…… 6．view n．看法；视线；景色vt.把……视为；观看 ①When the old man opened the window, a stranger with a high hat came into view. ②I doubted if the picnickers could have a good view of the sunset they had come that far to see. ③(2024·浙江1月高考写作)In_my_view,_it can ease the negative effects of prolonged sitting during class. 我认为，它可以缓解上课期间久坐的负面影响。 [内存卡] (1)from one's point of view 从某人的角度、观点出发 in one's view　　　 在某人看来 in view of 鉴于，考虑到 have a good view of 清楚地看到；饱览 come into view 进入视野 (2)view ...as ... 把……视为…… 7.give up放弃；认输 ①In some sense, he is virtually a beacon of hope, encouraging us never to give up. ②Jane tried to keep up a calm appearance, but her trembling voice gave her away. ③If you always give in to others, you will end up feeling like a doormat (受气包)． ④In the park all kinds of flowers are giving off a sweet fragrance, which attracts numerous butterflies. [内存卡] give up sth.to 把……让给/献给…… give away 泄露(机密)；暴露；颁发；捐赠 give in 投降；屈服；让步；上交 give in to 屈服于；向……让步 give off 发出(光、热、气味等) give out 用完，用尽；分发；分布 三、随堂训练·语境活用(根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式) (一) Heated ①arguments (argue) and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents.First, teenagers' physical changes may result ②in such family tensions.They may feel too anxious ③about their height, weight, changing voice and so on.Their parents become the first targets of their ④anger (angry)．Second, it can be hard for teenagers to balance their developing mental needs.They desire to have both ⑤independence (independent) and their parents' love and support.On one hand, they expect their parents to let them go.On ⑥the other hand, they wish their parents could be more caring and patient.The relationship between teenagers and their parents can ⑦be_improved (improve)．The key to ⑧keeping (keep) the peace is regular and honest communication.Just remember that it is ⑨completely (complete) normal to struggle with the family tensions.Everything will turn ⑩out right in the end. (二) Mama always sat down by the kitchen table, counting out the money that Papa ①had_brought (bring) home.It was typical of her to divide each part into ②different (difference) aims.For example, the big silver pieces were for the rent.In our daily life, Mama tried her best not to draw money out ③of her Bank Account, however hard the life was.④When/As Nels wanted to go on to high school, my family members did our best to earn or save money instead of ⑤going (go) to the Bank.To get enough money, Nels volunteered ⑥to_work (work) in Dillon's grocery after school.Papa decided to give up ⑦smoking (smoke), and I planned to look after the Elvington children every Friday night.However, when I asked Mama to put ⑧the check from selling my first story in her Bank Account last year, Mama had to admit the fact ⑨that there was no account in the bank at all.⑩Actually (actual), Mama's Bank Account just made us children feel proud and secure. [课时作业评价]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解(关注课标新增主题：劳动实践) (2026·宣城模拟)Now my dad is one of those people who never seem to have much trouble figuring out how to make money.Sure, Mom and Dad had some trouble keeping it for a little while during the bankruptcy (破产) years, but bringing home a good income was never really a problem.That's because my parents have never been confused about where money comes from. It's something my dad has told me pretty much every day: Money comes from work.Our culture has made many wonderful advances to ensure the safety and well－being of children.But we may have taken this too far.Many parents today are so centered on what their children want that they have lost perspective on what their children really need.Perspective — looking at life over time — demands that you teach children to work.Teaching a child to work is not child abuse.We teach them to work not for our benefit, but because it gives them both dignity in a job well done today and the tools and character to win in the future as adults. You should view teaching your children to work in the same way you view teaching them to bathe and brush their teeth — as a necessary skill for life.If your child graduates from high school and his only skill set consists of playing video games, complaining and eating junk food, then you have set him up to fail. Another huge benefit of teaching a child the wonder of work is that he will tend to stay away from people who refuse to work. So train up a child in the way he should go, and when he is old, he will not go away from it. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章围绕“如何通过劳动教育孩子”展开，指出父母应通过培养孩子的劳动观念，为其未来独立与成功奠定基础。 1．Which of the following can best describe the author's dad? A．Generous.　　　　　　 B．Hard－working. C．Considerate. D．Confident. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It's something my dad has told me pretty much every day: Money comes from work.”可推知，作者的父亲是一个勤奋工作的人。 2．According to paragraph 2, what are parents today supposed to do? A．To instruct children to work. B．To focus on children's needs. C．To ensure children's well－being. D．To maintain the dignity of children. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “Perspective — looking at life over time — demands that you teach children to work.”及最后一句可知，现在的父母应该教会孩子工作。 3．What's the benefit children can get from work? A．Getting rid of bad habits. B．Helping support the family. C．Learning to use money wisely. D．Keeping away from lazy people. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段“Another huge benefit ... tend to stay away from people who refuse to work.”可知，孩子从工作中可以得到的好处是远离懒惰的人。 4．Which column does the text possibly come from? A．Career planning. B．Parental education. C．Financial management. D．Parent－child relationship. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Perspective — looking at life over time — demands that you teach children to work.”和最后一段可知，文章主要讲述的是作者的父亲对于工作的看法，以及作者对教导孩子工作的重要性的观点。所以文章可能出自“父母教育”专栏。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2026·重庆诊断)As a high－school senior, I was in the struggle of college application season, a time filled with both__5__ and fear.Everyone around me seemed to have a clear－cut __6__ for their future, but I was trapped in uncertainty. One day, I had a particularly __7__ conversation with my parents.They were eager to know my college choices and career aspirations, but all I could offer were vague __8__.I was torn between my love for literature and the __9__ of my parents, who hoped I would pursue a more “practical” field like engineering or business. That night, I tossed and turned in bed, my mind __10__ with thoughts of the future.I was __11__ of disappointing my parents, yet I also didn't want to abandon my passion.In a moment of desperation, I decided to reach out to my English teacher, Mrs Thompson. Mrs Thompson listened attentively as I __12__ my inner confusion with her.She then said, “Following your passion doesn't mean you're being irresponsible, and choosing a practical path doesn't mean you have to give up your dreams entirely.You can find a __13__that combines both.” She suggested I consider majors like technical writing or digital media, which could blend my love for language with more marketable skills. Her words were like a __14__ in the darkness.I began to research these hybrid fields and was __15__ to find that they offered a wealth of opportunities.I also started to see that my parents' concerns weren't unfounded; they just wanted me to have a stable future. With newfound __16__， I had another conversation with my parents.I presented my research and explained how I could __17__ my passion while also having a promising career.To my relief, they were __18__ and even offered to help me with my college applications. Now as I await the college acceptance letters, I feel a sense of __19__.I've learned that finding one's path in life is a journey of self－discovery, and it's okay to ask for guidance along the way. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在申请大学时面临专业选择的困惑，后来在老师的引导下，和父母沟通后解决了问题，有了平和的心态。 5．A.excitement　　　　　　 B．anxiety C．hesitation D．relaxation 解析：选A　根据常识和后文“and fear”可知，在大学申请季作者应是既害怕又兴奋。A.excitement兴奋；B.anxiety焦虑；C.hesitation犹豫；D.relaxation放松。 6．A.excuse B．plan C．reason D．change 解析：选B　根据后文“but I was trapped in uncertainty”可知，作者周围的每个人似乎都对自己的未来有明确的计划，但作者却陷入了迷茫。 7．A.pleasant B．difficult C.brief D．casual 解析：选B　根据后文“They were eager to know my college choices and career aspirations, but all I could offer were vague ________.”可知，作者无法给父母明确答复，所以谈话是艰难的。A.pleasant愉快的；B.difficult 艰难的；C.brief 简短的；D.casual 随意的。 8．A.answers B．questions C．problems D．solutions 解析：选A　根据前文“They were eager to know my college choices and career aspirations”可知，此处指作者给出的是模糊的答案。 9．A.support B．encouragement C．expectations D．decisions 解析：选C　根据后文“who hoped I would pursue a more ‘practical’ field like engineering or business”可知，此处指父母对作者的期望。A.support 支持；B.encouragement 鼓励；C.expectations 期望；D.decisions决定。 10．A.packed B．bored C．burdened D．occupied 解析：选C　根据前文作者的困惑可知，他的脑子里满是对未来的担忧。be burdened with sth.“背负……的重担”。 11．A.ashamed B．afraid C．proud D．tired 解析：选B　根据后文“of disappointing my parents”可知，作者害怕让父母失望。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.afraid害怕的；C.proud骄傲的；D.tired疲惫的。 12．A.shared B．hid C．kept D．buried 解析：选A　根据前文“Mrs Thompson listened attentively”和后文“my inner confusion with her”可知，作者和老师分享了自己的困惑。A.shared 分享；B.hid隐藏；C.kept保持；D.buried埋葬。 13．A.way B．chance C．time D．place 解析：选A　根据后文“that combines both”可知，此处指找到一种结合两者的方法。 14．A.star B．light C．sign D．guide 解析：选B　根据后文“in the darkness”可知，此处把老师的话比作黑暗中的光。 15．A.surprised B．disappointed C．worried D．frustrated 解析：选A　根据后文“find that they offered a wealth of opportunities”可知，作者对发现这些机会感到惊讶。A.surprised惊讶的；B.disappointed 失望的；C.worried 担心的；D.frustrated沮丧的。 16．A.inspiration B．courage C．confidence D．ambition 解析：选C　根据前文作者发现交叉领域有机会，所以有了和父母沟通的信心。A.inspiration 灵感；B.courage勇气；C.confidence 信心；D.ambition 抱负。 17．A.give up B．take up C．hold on to D．let go of 解析：选C　根据前文可知，作者不想放弃自己的兴趣；结合后文“my passion”可知，作者选择坚持自己的爱好。A.give up放弃；B.take up开始从事；C.hold on to坚持；D.let go of放开。 18．A.understanding B．strict C.stubborn D．critical 解析：选A　根据后文“and even offered to help me with my college applications”可知，父母是理解作者的。A.understanding理解的；B.strict 严格的；C.stubborn 固执的；D.critical 批评的。 19．A.confusion B．calmness C．regret D．panic 解析：选B　根据前文可知，作者解决了困惑，所以现在感觉很平静。A.confusion困惑；B.calmness平静；C.regret遗憾；D.panic恐慌。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2026·深圳模拟)For many, cycling to Lhasa is a romantic dream.But for Li and his father, it was __20__ 36－day, 2,298－kilometer journey of growth — crossing 14 mountains over 4,000 meters and __21__ (battle) altitude (海拔) sickness.This was his father's special gift to his 16th birthday. Setting off __22__ Chongqing, they rode in a “father in front, son behind” formation, determined to bike up one mountain each day.One day, they __23__ (catch) in a heavy rainstorm on Kazila Mountain's slopes (山坡)．His father led the way downhill and stopped by the roadside to wait for him.Ten minutes later, Li appeared, __24__ (cover) in mud.His bike, __25__ chain had slipped off, caused him to lose balance and fall to the ground. During the day, the mountain roads, burning sun, and rainstorms exhausted him and his father.At night, they either sheltered with Tibetan families __26__ camped alone.Several times, his father jokingly suggested giving up, but Li always replied __27__ (firm), “No way.I'll do whatever it takes to get there.” After wearing down six sets of brake pads (刹车片), they finally arrived in Lhasa.For Li's mother, it was a moment of __28__ (relieve) and pride.“I prayed for their safe return every night，” she said.“My son has grown into a __29__ (tough) and more mature young man.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对父子从重庆骑行至拉萨的故事，展现了坚持、成长与父爱的主题。 20．a　考查冠词。此处“36－day”作为形容词修饰journey，表示“一段36天的旅程”，且36－day以辅音音素开头，故填a。 21．battling　考查非谓语动词。空处与空前的“crossing”并列，在句中作伴随状语，表示“与高原反应斗争”，故填battling。 22．from　考查介词。“set off from＋地点”表示“从……出发”，为固定搭配。 23．were caught　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述过去的事件，需用一般过去时，且catch与主语they之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态；主语为复数，故填were caught。 24．covered　考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作非谓语，且cover与逻辑主语Li之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。 25．whose　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词his bike，且在从句中作定语，故填whose。 26．or　考查连词。either ...or ...表示“要么……要么……”，为固定结构。 27．firmly　考查副词。此处修饰动词replied，应用副词，故填firmly。 28．relief　考查名词。空处位于介词of后，应用名词relief。a moment of relief and pride表示“一个如释重负又充满自豪的时刻”。 29．tougher　考查形容词比较级。根据句意和句中的“and”可知，空处与more mature并列，应用比较级形式，故填tougher。 ( 第 100 页 共 100 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $