必修2 Unit 6 第1课时 盘点·基础性知识(Word教参)-【新高考方案】2027年高考英语一轮总复习（北师大版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义围绕词汇、语法、阅读等核心考点，按基础单词、核心单词、变形单词、同族词汇、重点短语的逻辑层次梳理，通过考点盘点、默写自查、语法训练、真题演练等环节，帮助学生构建知识网络，突破词汇变形、语境应用等难点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 讲义突出语言能力与思维品质培养，如对核心词汇进行“系统归纳+多维训练”，通过语境辨义、单句语法填空等活动提升学生语言理解与表达能力。设置基础巩固、能力提升分层练习，配合真题解析，助力学生高效掌握考点，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支持。

|主|题|语|境|建|构| 第1课时　盘点·基础性知识 (说明：黑体字为该词的生僻义) 一、阅读单词(明其义) 1．career n．　　　　　　 职业，事业 2．generation n. 一代(人) 3．reform n. 改革；改进 4．mankind n. 人类 5．committee n. 委员会 6．academy n. 研究院；学会 7．herb n. 药草 8．literature n. 文献资料；著述；文学 9．recipe n. 处方；秘诀 10．staff n. 全体职员，员工 11．renowned adj. 著名的，有名望的 12．integrate vi.&vt. (使)结合；(使)成为一体 13．discrimination n. 歧视 14．skin n. 皮肤 vt. 剥去……的皮 15．self－evident adj. 不证自明的；显而易见的 16．reputation n. 名誉；名望 17．nightmare n. 噩梦，梦魇 18．ongoing adj. 继续进行的，不断发展的 19．biography n. 传记 20．summary n. 概要；摘要；总结 二、核心单词(书写准) 1．cure vt. 治好(疾病)；治愈；解决，消除 n. 疗法 2．apart adj.& adv. 分开；散开 3．stage n. 舞台；阶段 vt. 上演，上映 4．award vt. 授予；给予 5．honour n. 荣誉 vt. 感到荣幸 6．gain v. 获得，赢得，取得；受益 n. 好处；利益 7．establish vt. 建立，设立 8．resource n. 物力；资源 9．despite prep. 尽管；虽然 10．potential n. 潜力；可能性 11．protest n．&vi.&vt. 抗议；反对 12．bar n. 铁栅；(门、窗等的)闩；障碍 13．further adj. 更多的，进一步 vt. 促进；推进 14．march n. 示威游行，抗议游行 15．judge vi.& vt. 评价；判断 16．regard vt. 认为，看作 n. 关注；尊重；(pl)问候，致意 17．opportunity n. 机会；时机 18．strike vi.&vt. 突然发生(某种不幸)； 突然有坏的影响； 打，击；(时钟)敲响； 划(火柴)；突然想到 19．undertake vt. 着手做，承担；允诺 20．design vt. 计划，设计 21．advocate n. 提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者 22．attitude n. 看法，态度 三、变形单词(辨析清) 1．admire vt.　　　　　　 钦佩；欣赏 admirable adj. 令人钦佩的；极其出色的 admiration n. 钦佩，羡慕 2．just adj. 公平的，公正的 justice n. 公平，公正 3．remark n．&v. 评论，评述 remarkable adj. 不寻常的；显著的；非凡的 remarkably adv. 不寻常地；显著地 4．intelligent adj. 聪敏的；有智慧的 intelligence n. 智力 5．generous adj. 无私的；慷慨的；大方的 generously adv. 无私地；慷慨地；大方地 generosity n. 无私；慷慨 6．effect n. 效果，作用 effective adj. 有效的，产生预期效果的 effectively adv. 有效地 7．recognise vt. 认出；承认，认可；识别 recognition n. 表彰；赞扬 8．chemical n. 化学品 adj. 化学的 chemistry n. 化学 chemist n. 化学家，药剂师 9．eventual adj. 最终的 eventually adv. 最终；终于 10．promise n．& vt. 许诺，承诺，答应；预示 promising adj. 大有希望的 promisingly adv. 大有希望地 11．fame n. 名声，名誉 famous adj. 著名的 12．wise adj. 英明的，有智慧的 wisdom n. 知识，学问；智慧 wisely adv. 聪明地 13．advance n. 发展；进步；预付款 v. 前进 advanced adj. 高级的，先进的；年老的 14．peace n. 和平 peaceful adj. 和平的，没有暴力的 peacefully adv. 和平地 15．race n. 种族；比赛，竞赛 racial adj. 种族的；人种的 racially adv. 按人种地；人种上 16．inspire v. 鼓舞 inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的 inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞(激励)人心的 人/事 inspired adj. 品质优秀的；能力卓越的 17．impress v. 使印象深刻 impressive adj. 令人钦佩的， 给人印象深刻的 impression n. 印象；感想；印记 18．respect vt.&n. 尊敬；敬佩 n. 方面 respectful adj. 恭敬的；有礼貌的 respectable adj. 值得尊敬的；体面的 19．independent adj. 独立的，自主的 independence n. 独立 independently adv. 自立地；独立地 20．novel n. 小说 adj. 新颖的 novelist n. 小说家 21．journal n. 定期刊物；日志 journalist n. 新闻工作者 journalism n. 新闻业 22．passion n. 强烈的爱好，热爱；激情 passionate adj. 具有强烈信念的； 热爱的，酷爱的 23．aware adj. 知道的，有意识的 awareness n. 认识；意识 24．organise vt. 组织 organisation n. 组织；团体；机构 organiser n. 组织者 25．severe adj. 很严重的 severely adv. 很严重地 severity n. 严格；严重；严厉 26．depress vt. 压抑；使沮丧；使萧条 depressed adj. 抑郁的；沮丧的；萧条的 depressing adj. 令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的 depression n. 忧郁，沮丧，消沉；抑郁症 27．commit v. 犯(罪)；作出保证； 投入(钱、时间等) commitment n. 投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺 committed adj. 尽责的；尽心尽力的 28．engage vi. 参加，参与 vt. 吸引住；雇用，聘请 engaged adj. 忙于；被占用的；已订婚的 engagement n. 婚约；约定 engaging adj. 有趣的；迷人的 29．energy n. 精力，活力 energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的 四、同“族”词汇(巧积累) 1．抒发“热爱”之情　 ①passion n．　　　　　 强烈的爱好，热爱；激情 ②passionate adj. 具有强烈信念的；热爱的 ③love n．&vt. 热爱，爱 ④adore vt. 热爱；爱慕；敬爱 ⑤like vt. 喜欢，喜爱 ⑥affection n. 喜爱；钟爱 2．驱散心中的“消沉”　 ①depressed 消沉的；抑郁的；沮丧的 ②blue 忧郁的，沮丧的 ③downhearted 垂头丧气的 ④low－spirited 意志消沉的 ⑤die－away 憔悴的，消沉的 五、重点短语(表达高) 1．put out　　　　　　 扑灭(火)；生产；出版；发布 2．fight for ... 努力争取，为……斗争 3．have ...in mind 心里已有…… 4．apart from ... 除……之外 5．come across 偶然发现；偶遇 6．with the help of 在……的帮助下 7．lead to 导致；通向 8．pick out 挑选 9．behind bars 在牢里 10．the other day 不久前某一天 11．be regarded as 被认为，被看作 12．due to 由于，因为 13．focus one's attention on 集中某人的注意力于…… 14．engage in 参加 15．be remembered as 作为……而被怀念 16．leave out 排除；不包括 17．turn to sb.for help 向某人求助 18．in spite of 尽管……(仍……)；虽然；不顾 一、默写核心单词 1．cure short－sightedness　　 治好近视 2．tell the twins apart 区分这对双胞胎 3．on the stage 在舞台上 4．be awarded a Nobel Prize 被授予诺贝尔奖 5．fight for the honour of our country 为我们国家的荣誉而战 6．gain knowledge 获得知识 7．establish a team 建立一个团队 8．human resources 人力资源 9．despite the bad weather 尽管天气不好 10．have enormous potential 有巨大的潜力 11．a peaceful protest 和平抗议 12．jump over a bar 跳过铁栅 13．further information 更多的信息 14．a peace march 为争取和平的游行 15．don't judge a book by its cover 　　　 勿以貌取人 16．regard him as a friend　 　 　 把他看作朋友 17．seize an opportunity 抓住机会 18．a disaster that struck him 突然袭击他的灾难 19．undertake a task 承担任务 20．design a building 设计一座建筑 21．an advocate of free trade 自由贸易的提倡者 22．a positive attitude to life 对生活的积极态度 二、默写变形单词 (依据语境提示在横线上写出单词的正确形式) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 三、默写重点短语 1．put_out　　　　　　　 扑灭(火)；生产；出版；发布 2．fight_for_... 努力争取，为……斗争 3．have_...in_mind 心里已有…… 4．apart_from_... 除……之外 5．come_across 偶然发现；偶遇 6．with_the_help_of 在……的帮助下 7．lead_to 导致；通向 8．pick_out 挑选 9．behind_bars 在牢里 10．the_other_day 不久前某一天 11．be_regarded_as 被认为，被看作 12．due_to 由于，因为 13．focus_one's_attention_on 集中某人的注意力于…… 14．engage_in 参加 15．be_remembered_as 作为……而被怀念 16．leave_out 排除；不包括 17．turn_to_sb.for_help 向某人求助 18．in_spite_of 尽管……(仍……)； 虽然；不顾 一、基础词汇·自查自纠　 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．This ancient tale tells of an old man who, despite (尽管) his age, began removing two mountains blocking his village path. 2．I'm writing to invite you to our school to design (设计) the poster for the coming Campus Art Festival. 3．AI is increasingly being integrated (结合) into education, transforming how teachers teach and students learn. 4．My family tradition has shaped me into a better version of myself and will lead me further (更进一步)． 5．She was deeply attracted by the works of art and desired to protect them for the future generations (代)． 6．It will provide a great opportunity (机会) for you to learn about rural China in a visual way. 7．The city enjoys a high reputation (名声) for its abundance of ancient architecture, which represents the traditional local lifestyles. 8．The club was established (建立) last year with the purpose of encouraging the students to know more about traditional Chinese culture. 9．In addition, we should advocate (倡导) for sustainable farming methods to maintain soil fertility. 10．His positive attitudes(态度) towards life, struggling spirit and determination have always been inspiring me. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．The Autumn Sports Meeting is a remarkable (remark) event that showcases our talents and fosters a sense of unity among students. 2．It was an unforgettable experience, making me more confident and passionate (passion) about music. 3．More importantly, her generosity (generous) inspires me to spread warmth — now I actively participate in voluntary activities. 4．What my classmates love the most about the library is its peaceful (peace) atmosphere, which helps them concentrate on their studies. 5．These improvements could make the Career Planning activity more effective (effect) and meaningful. 6．Although he faced many hardships and setbacks in his life and didn't gain much recognition (recognize) during his lifetime, he never gave up his love for painting. 7．As a matter of fact, to keep healthy, we should do sports. Sports can make us active and energetic (energy)． 8．For many of us, the library is not just a place to study but also a haven for inspiration_ (inspire) and growth. 9．I'm filled with optimism about the future that our country's educational landscape will develop in a promising (promise) way. 10．Not only should we raise our awareness (aware) of environmental protection but also we should stop scribbling randomly. 11．I'm sorry to hear that you didn't do well in your exam and that you are depressed (depress) and worried about your study. 12．The profound knowledge and wisdom (wise) of traditional Chinese medicine also struck me deeply. 易错微点　 1．further和farther都是far的比较级。further指程度上“进一步”，在句中常用作状语，可修饰动词、副词、介词短语，也可修饰全句。farther常用来表示“距离”，意为“更远的”。 2．despite为介词，后常接名词(短语)，相当于介词短语in spite of；而although/though是连词，引导让步状语从句。 3．reputation表示“因……而闻名”时，后接介词for，如enjoy a high reputation for its abundance of ancient architecture (因拥有大量古建筑而享有盛誉)；表示“在……(人群/领域)中有名”时，常接介词among，如 a good reputation among students (在学生中口碑好)。 Ⅲ.语境辨义(将对应词义的代码填在横线上) 1．cure　 A．vt.治愈　　B．vt.戒除　　C．vt.解决(生义) ①It took him years to cure himself of the smoking habit. __B__ ②We need to find a way to cure the problem of traffic congestion in the city.__C__ ③The new treatment helped cure her of the rare disease.__A__ 2．bar　 A．n.酒吧　　 　 　B．n.条　　　　C．n.铁栅 D．n.障碍(生义)　　E．n.门闩 ①The language barrier remains a significant bar to effective communication between the two teams.__D__ ②Charlie grabbed the chocolate bar and quickly tore off the wrapper and took an enormous bite.__B__ ③At 4 pm, the woman went to sit on a bench outside the bar and left when her taxi arrived.__A__ ④The school fixed new metal bars on windows to enhance campus security.__C__ ⑤The solid wooden bar across the gate ensured the safety of the yard at night.__E__ 二、重点词汇·深化学习　 1．admire |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)admire sb.for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而钦佩/羡慕某人 admire sb.as ... 钦佩某人是…… (2)admiration n. 钦佩，羡慕 with/in admiration 钦佩地 have/express admiration for ... 钦佩……/表达对……的钦佩 (3)admirable adj. 令人钦佩的；极其出色的 |多|维|训|练|　 ①One of the most admirable (admire) actions he took was setting up an after－school program for students struggling with their studies. ②I persist in this faith, and this faith is a praise and admiration (admire) to the vitality of life. ③(动作描写)In no time, Kevin skillfully fixed the wheel and handed the skate to Sarah. Amazed, Sarah looked at him in/with_admiration. 很快，凯文熟练地修好了轮子，把溜冰鞋递给了莎拉。莎拉惊讶地看着他，带着钦佩的神情。 ④(人物介绍)I admire_my_class_teacher_for_his_admirable_commitment to his career.Besides, we express_admiration_for his being generous. 我的班主任对自己的事业做出了令人钦佩的承诺，对此我很钦佩。此外，我们对他的慷慨表示钦佩。 2．award |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)award sb.for sth.　 因为某事而奖励某人 award sb.sth.＝award sth.to sb. 给予/授予某人某物 (2)win/receive/get an award (for ...) (因……而)赢得/得到奖项 |多|维|训|练|　 ①The competition will take place on the 20th of next month and the winner will_be_awarded (award) a cash prize of D|S500. ②(人物介绍)In spite of repeated failures, Tu Youyou never gave up, and eventually, her hard work paid off and she was_awarded_the__Nobel_Prize in medicine. 尽管屡遭失败，但屠呦呦从未放弃，最终，她的努力得到了回报，她获得了诺贝尔医学奖。 ③(自然结尾句)That day, David got_a_special_award_for his courage. He also got respect of all classmates. To him, that was worth a whole lot more_than_an_award. 那天，大卫因为他的勇气得到了一个特别奖。他也得到了所有同学的尊重。对他来说，这比一个奖项更有价值。 3．honour |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)in honour of ... 为了纪念……；为了庆祝…… have the honour of doing/to do sth. 有幸做某事 feel it an honour to do sth. 　　　 做某事感到荣幸 It is an honour for sb.to do sth. 对某人来说做某事很荣幸 (2)be/feel honoured to do sth.　　 很荣幸做某事 be honoured with ... 被授予…… be honoured as ... 被誉为…… |多|维|训|练|　 ①We would be honoured (honour) if you could attend the event as our distinguished guest. ②I'm eager to provide an impressive trip for the foreign friend, and hope my family can have the honour to_be (be) a host family. ③(写作话题：传统节日)People celebrate the Dragon－Boat Festival in_honour_of Qu Yuan, who was a great and passionate Chinese poet. 人们庆祝端午节以纪念屈原，他是一位伟大的、富有激情的中国诗人。 ④(2025·浙江1月高考写作)我很荣幸有机会就学生是否应该在校园里拍摄短视频分享我的观点。(一句多译) →I_feel_it_an_honour_to have the chance to share my opinions on whether students should film short videos on campus.(it作形式宾语) →I_feel_honoured_to have the chance to share my opinions on whether students should film short videos on campus.(honoured) →It_is_an_honour_for_me__to have the chance to share my opinions on whether students should film short videos on campus.(it作形式主语) 4．judge |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)judge ...from/by ...　　　　 根据……判断 judge between right and wrong 判断是非 as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为 (2)judging by/from 根据……判断 (3)judgement/judgment n. 判断 名师指津：judging by/from ...通常位于句首，相当于一个插入语，不受句子主语和时态的影响。类似用法的词语还有：generally speaking、 frankly speaking、 to tell the truth等。 |多|维|训|练|　 ①Ultimately, I made a judgement (judge). “It's not a poisonous but a harmless snake，” I said with extremely excitement. ②Judging (judge) from Cynthia's physical condition, she suspected the grandmother might be suffering from a stroke. ③(“邀请信”范句)I'm writing on behalf of my fellow students to invite_you_to_be_a_judge_at_our_English_speech_contest to be held in our school hall on November 15th. 我代表同学们写信邀请你担任我们于11月15日在学校大厅举行的英语演讲比赛的评委。 ④(升华主旨句)This experience lets me have a better understanding of the saying: Don't_judge_a_book_by_its_cover. 这段经历让我更好地理解了一句谚语：不要以貌取人。 5．respect |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)respect sb.for ...　　　　 因……而尊重某人 (2)have/show respect for ... 对……表示敬意 out of respect for ... 出于对……的尊敬 with respect to/in respect of 　 关于 in all respects/in every respect 　 在各个方面 give/send one's respects to 代某人向……问候 (3)respectful adj. 恭敬的；尊敬人的 respectable adj. 值得尊敬的 respecting prep. 关于 |多|维|训|练|　 ①Several respectable (respect) local painters will be invited to give lectures and remark on some of the exhibits. ②In China, young people are always expected to be respectful (respect) to the elders. ③(2024·天津高考书面表达)You are welcome at any time to experience the technological advances in China and give/send_my_respects_to_your_family. 任何时候都欢迎你来体验中国的科技进步，请代我向你的家人致意。 ④(人物介绍)In_every_respect/In_all_respects,_there are always respectable_people.With_respect_to/In_respect_of_the_person_I_respect_most,_I must mention my maths teacher.I respect_him_for his timely and generous assistance whenever we come across difficulties. 在各方面，总有值得尊敬的人。关于我最尊敬的人，必须提到我的数学老师。每当我们遇到困难时，他都及时、慷慨地帮助我们，为此我很尊敬他。 6．regard |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)regard sb./sth.as/to be ... 把……看作…… be regarded as 被认为，被看作 (2)in this/that regard 在这/那点上 with/in regard to ... 关于，至于 give/send one's regards (to sb.) 代某人(向某人)问好 (3)regarding prep. 关于 |多|维|训|练|　 ①Li Bai, a famous poet living in a golden age of Chinese poetry, is_regarded (regard) as the greatest romantic poet of the Tang Dynasty. ②I am writing to express my concerns regarding(regard) the decision that has been made to cancel the English club activities for our grade. ③(写作话题：太空探索)With_(In)_regard_to/Regarding space exploration, opinions vary from person to person.Some people regard_it_as/to_be a remarkable way to solve the problems faced by mankind.On the other hand, exploring space is_regarded_as a waste of money. 关于太空探索，人们意见各异。一些人认为它是解决人类所面临问题的一个显著方法。另一方面，探索太空被认为是浪费金钱。 7．strike |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)be struck with/by sth.　　 被……所侵袭/感动 It strikes sb.that ... 某人突然想起…… strike ...into sb./sb.'s heart 使……刻骨铭心 (2)go on strike 举行罢工(动作) be on strike 在罢工(状态) |多|维|训|练|　 ①(神情描写)因他为我所做的事情而感动，我不能自已，感激的泪水顺着脸颊流了下来。(一句多译) →Because I_was_struck_by/with_what_he_had_done_for_me,_I couldn't contain myself, tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks. →Struck_by/with_what_he_had_done_for_me,_I couldn't contain myself, tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks.(用过去分词短语作状语) ②(场景描写)An earthquake struck_my_town,_causing panic among my whole family.While I was running away from my house, I fell, striking_my_head_on_the_edge_of_the_table.My head was bleeding badly.A_terrible_idea_struck_me_that maybe I was dying.Fortunately, I ended up safe and sound. 一场地震袭击了我所在的城镇，引起了我全家人的恐慌。当我从家里逃跑时，我摔倒了，头撞在了桌子边上，流了很多血。一个可怕的念头突然闯进我的脑海，也许我快要死了。幸运的是，我最终安然无恙。 8．commitment |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)make a commitment to sb.　 对某人作出承诺 (2)commit v．　　　　 犯(罪、错误)； 作出保证；投入(钱、时间等) commit sb./oneself to (doing) sth. 使某人/自己承诺(做)某事； 致力于(做)某事 (3)committed adj. 尽责的；尽心尽力的 be committed to (doing) sth. 承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事 |多|维|训|练|　 ①Deeply committed (commit) to supporting the school library, I'm writing to apply for the post. ②(2024·全国甲卷书面表达)Finally, the rise of new energy vehicles reflects China's commitment (commit) to sustainable development and reducing carbon emissions. ③(人物描写)Determined to change himself for the better, he made_a_commitment_to his teacher that he would actively join in class activities and he would also be_committed_to voluntary activities. 决心让自己变得更好，他向老师承诺，他会积极参与课堂活动，也会全身心投入志愿活动中。 9．engage |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)engage (sb./oneself) in sth. (使某人/自己)参与某事 engage sb.to do sth. 雇用某人做某事 (2)engaged adj. 忙于，从事于；已订婚的 be engaged in (doing) sth. 忙于(做)某事 be engaged with sb. 与某人接洽/有约 be engaged to sb. 与某人订婚 (3)engagement n. 订婚；约定； (与……的)密切关系 engaging adj. 有趣的；令人愉快的；迷人的 |多|维|训|练|　 ①Countless engaging (engage) activities like the annual sports meeting, and the new year celebration performance, have taught me the value of cooperation and communication. ②(2025·浙江1月高考写作)I hope that we all can put our phones away, develop good self－discipline, and fully engage_in_our_school_life. 我希望我们都能把手机收起来，养成良好的自律，充分参与到我们的学校生活中。 ③(场景描写)Without the distractions from her cellphone, she found_herself_engaged_in_sharing_stories_with Mom and Daddy willingly. 没有了手机的干扰，她发现自己很乐意和爸爸妈妈分享故事。 10．put out |系|统|归|纳|　 put up　　　　 建造(房屋等)；张贴(广告)； 举起(手)；为……提供食宿；提高(价格) put up with 容忍，忍受 put down 写下；放下；镇压，平定 put away 把……收起来 put forward 提出；(把钟表时间)提前 put on 穿上；上演；假装；增加(体重) put off 推迟，延期(接v.－ing形式作宾语) put aside 储存；(把……)撇开不理； 不考虑；放下正在做的事；留出 |多|维|训|练|(补全语段)　 (场景描写)As the sun began to set, the firefighters ①put_out the blazing fire.Exhausted but determined, they ②put_up temporary shelters for the residents who were forced to evacuate.Meanwhile, the authorities ③put_forward a plan to investigate the cause of the fire, ensuring that similar disasters would not happen again. 当太阳开始落山时，消防员们扑灭了熊熊大火。疲惫但决心坚定，他们为被迫撤离的居民搭起了临时住所。与此同时，当局提出了一个调查起火原因的计划，确保类似的灾难不再发生。 11．come across |系|统|归|纳|　 come about　　　　　 发生，产生 come out 出版；宣布；结果是 come to 清醒过来；共计；被想到 come to an end 结束 come true 实现 come on 加油；快点 come up 走近；被提出；发芽 come up with 提出，想出 when it comes to ... 当谈到……时(to是介词) |多|维|训|练|(补全语段)　 (写作话题：语言学习)①When_it_comes_to English learning, I have the following practical suggestions to share.Firstly, when you ②come_across unfamiliar words, don't always refer to the dictionary.Furthermore, when teachers' questions ③come_up in class, you should try to ④come_up_with answers.Lastly, if you fail, you must say to yourself, “⑤Come_on！” 说到英语学习，我有以下实用的建议可以分享。首先，当你遇到不熟悉的单词时，不要总是查阅词典。此外，当老师在课堂上提出问题时，你应该试着想出答案。最后，如果你失败了，你必须对自己说：“加油！” [课时作业评价] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·宁波模拟)Four UCLA professors have been elected to the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) for groundbreaking research achievements, which recognizes scientific excellence and advises the US government on science policy. Let's dive into more details. ·Edward Leamer was an economics pioneer who revolutionized economic forecasting and methods. His 1983 paper “Let's Take the Con Out of Econometrics” proposed open economic models, and his leadership at the UCLA Anderson Forecast shaped national policy debates until his death in 2025. ·Heather Maynard is a chemistry professor that develops polymer (聚合物)－based therapies and “smart materials” for precision medicine. Taking “Poly as an Excipient for Insulin Stabilization: Mechanism and Safety” for example. Her books and papers have earned global recognition. ·Sorin Popa, a mathematics professor since 1987, transformed operator algebra research linked to quantum physics (量子物理学). His classification of von Neumann algebras solved decades－old problems, earning him fellowships in top mathematical societies. “On co－amenability for groups and von Neumann algebras” has won him awards and honors. ·Marilyn Raphael, a climate scientist, studies the condition of Antarctic sea ice, whose recent research indicates that melting Antarctic sea ice is becoming far less likely to recover. Raphael is the co－author of “The Encyclopedia of Weather and Climate Change: A Complete Visual Guide”. Her leadership in polar research and advocacy for diversity in science aligns with NAS's mission to promote public understanding of climate change. The NAS, with 2,662 active members, bridges the worlds of research and policymaking, ensuring scientific insights guide national decisions. 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了加州大学洛杉矶分校四位当选美国国家科学院院士的教授，主要包括其研究领域、研究成果和重要学术作品。 1．Which one below is recommended if a science enthusiast is interested in mathematics? A．“Let's Take the Con Out of Econometrics”． B．“The Encyclopedia of Weather and Climate Change”． C．“On co－amenability for groups and von Neumann algebras”． D．“An Uncountable Family of Non Orbit Equivalent Actions of Fn”． 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Sorin Popa, a mathematics professor ...‘On co－amenability for groups and von Neumann algebras’ has won him awards and honors.”可知，《论群与冯·诺伊曼代数的共顺从性》是数学家Sorin Popa关于算子代数的作品，与数学研究相关，适合推荐给对数学感兴趣的科学爱好者。 2．What does Marilyn Raphael's research suggest about Antarctic sea ice? A．Rapidly recovering annually. B．Unaffected by global warming. C．Expanding due to colder winters. D．Nearing irreparable damage. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第五段中“Marilyn Raphael ... indicates that melting Antarctic sea ice is becoming far less likely to recover.”可知，Marilyn Raphael的研究表明南极海冰正在遭受无法弥补的破坏。 3．According to the text, what is a key responsibility of NAS members? A．Publishing academic research. B．Training students for private sectors. C．Organizing scientific competitions. D．Guiding government policy decisions. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段“The NAS ... ensuring scientific insights guide national decisions.”可知，NAS成员的关键职责是指导政府政策决策。 B (2026·日照模拟)My legs were starting to ache from standing by my research poster for nearly ten hours. At 15, I was anxiously awaiting the possibility to speak to my biggest role model, J. Michael Bishop, MD.I'd learnt from other students who had previously participated in the International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF) that the Nobel laureate walks around from poster to poster to speak with students during the Public Showcase Day. J. Michael Bishop, MD, who was the winner of the 1989 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, talked about his childhood and how he had hardly been exposed to science. Throughout his college education, he never imagined himself becoming a scientist. He had even been denied entry into countless labs due to a lack of prior experience. He had an ambition to become a scientist, but lacked the guidance to visualize his future career. Over time, he developed relationships with instructors who believed in him. More importantly, he learned how to believe in himself. I found inspiration in Dr. Bishop's goal of becoming a scientist and his willingness to be open and vulnerable — he often gave talks about his own self－doubt. Dr. Bishop is a role model for anyone who, like me, comes from an unconventional background, inspiring us to persevere and work through self－doubt to pursue a career in science. When Dr. Bishop was just inches away from the posters nearest to mine, I ran up to my role model and asked him to come to my poster even if I wasn't on his list. He was kind enough to spend at least an hour with me, discussing my research and ultimate goal to pursue a PhD. Seven years after meeting Dr. Bishop, I had the privilege of pursuing a PhD in cancer biology, and my path continues to mirror his. I am devoting my graduate and scientific career to instructing students from under－represented backgrounds through teaching, guiding them through their own research projects, and openly sharing my own story, just as Dr. Bishop does. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从他的榜样——诺贝尔奖得主J. Michael Bishop医学博士克服困难追求科学事业的故事中找到了灵感。七年后，作者始终以 Dr. Bishop为榜样来帮助自己的学生。 4．Why did the author stand by her research poster so long? A．To perfect her research poster. B．To conduct her scientific research. C．To participate in the event of ISEF. D．To seek chance to talk to Dr. Bishop. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“At 15, I was anxiously awaiting the possibility to speak to my biggest role model, J. Michael Bishop, MD.”可知，作者站在展板边上是为了等机会与Bishop博士交谈。 5．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Dr.Bishop's plan for his future career. B．Dr.Bishop's early exposure to science. C．Dr.Bishop's experience in experiments. D．Dr.Bishop's hard path to turning scientist. 解析：选D　段落大意题。根据第二段可知，这一段主要介绍了Bishop博士成为科学家的艰辛之路。 6．Why did the author consider Dr. Bishop her role model? A．He overcame self－doubt to achieve his goal. B．He was willing to talk about his vulnerability. C．He worked hard and had strong self－discipline. D．He was a success with a conventional background. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Dr. Bishop is a role model for ...work through self－doubt to pursue a career in science.”可知，作者认为Bishop博士是她的榜样是因为他克服了自我怀疑，实现了他的目标。 7. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．The author feels proud of her extraordinary students. B．The author follows Dr. Bishop's example to help her students. C．Teachers sharing their own story impress their students deeply. D．Dr. Bishop has a great impact on the author's research methods. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I am devoting my graduate and scientific career to instructing students ... just as Dr. Bishop does.”可推知，作者效仿Bishop博士去帮助她的学生。 Ⅱ.语法填空 The Poet Su Shi Su Shi (1037－1101), one of the most popular classical Chinese poets, came from a literary family: his father and brother were both great poets in their own rights. At the age of 19, Su Shi passed the civil service examination, 　8　was a gateway to a political career. Then he took on __9__ (variety) governmental positions, including 　10　 (serve) as the magistrate of Mizhou and the governor of Xuzhou. However, because of his opposition to radical reform measures, he was repeatedly demoted. Su Shi's first remote trip of exile was to Huangzhou, Hubei Province, where he often wandered along the rivers and in the mountains. __11__was here that he wrote many of his best poems, such as Reflections on the Ancient Red Cliff — To the Tune of Nian Nu Jiao (《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》). In this poem, he expressed his __12__ (admire) for some heroic figures, and described his aspirations and sorrows. The poem__13__ (remain) so popular that nearly every Chinese student can recite it: The Great River flows, eastward waves sweeping away, for thousands of years, heroic figures ... __14__ his hard life, Su Shi's works show a spirit of confidence and optimism. His poems make people feel __15__ (encourage), reminding them that even during the hardest of times, there is always room for hope. Even today, Su Shi's poems still have __16__ enormous influence on Chinese people. They can always __17__ (hear) in classrooms all over China, and seen quoted in the works of many Chinese scholars. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国宋代著名词人苏轼的生平经历、文学成就及其作品的深远影响，包括他的仕途起伏、在黄州的创作以及诗歌中展现的乐观精神。 8．which　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the civil service examination，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 9．various　考查形容词。此处修饰名词positions，应用形容词作定语。故填various，意为“各种各样的”。 10．serving　考查非谓语动词。此处作介词including的宾语，应用动名词serving。 11．It　考查强调句。此处为强调句结构“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他”，句首单词首字母应大写。故填It。 12．admiration　考查名词。此处作expressed的宾语，应用名词形式。故填admiration，意为“敬仰”，为不可数名词。 13．remains　考查时态和主谓一致。此处为谓语动词，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语The poem为第三人称单数，故填remains。 14．Despite　考查介词。根据句意可知，上下文之间为让步关系，此处表示“尽管”，应用介词despite，且句首单词首字母应大写。 15．encouraged　考查非谓语动词。此处作feel的表语，修饰人，应用过去分词encouraged，意为“受鼓舞的”。 16．an　考查冠词。influence为可数名词单数，此处泛指“一种巨大的影响”，且enormous以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。 17．be heard　考查被动语态。此处为谓语动词，they(指代poems)与hear之间为被动关系，且位于情态动词can后，故填be heard。 72 / 142 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $